CN107987405A - 一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆 - Google Patents

一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆 Download PDF

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CN107987405A
CN107987405A CN201711422482.XA CN201711422482A CN107987405A CN 107987405 A CN107987405 A CN 107987405A CN 201711422482 A CN201711422482 A CN 201711422482A CN 107987405 A CN107987405 A CN 107987405A
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张浩杰
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Ningbo Aike Chuangwei New Mstar Technology Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，包括缆芯和保护套，所述缆芯由多根碳纤维加捻成股得到；所述保护套套设在缆芯外，保护套的组分及质量份数配比为：三元乙丙橡胶30‑50份、偶联剂10‑30份、硬脂酸5‑10份、己二酸二辛酯10‑20份、增韧剂5‑8份、抗老化剂2‑5份、氧化锌2‑5份、云母粉3‑8份、石英粉3‑8份、纳米二氧化硅2‑5份、纳米碳酸钙2‑5份、炭黑2‑6份、陶瓷纤维2‑5份、促进剂0.1‑0.2份。本发明以多根碳纤维加捻成股得到缆芯，缆芯外设置保护套，保护套内添加矿物质及其他功能助剂，进而使得本发明的碳纤维电缆具备优异的耐高温、耐低温、阻燃等性能。

Description

一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆
技术领域
本发明属于电缆材料技术领域，具体涉及一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆。
背景技术
随着电力行业的发展，对输电导线的线芯和保护套的要求也越来越高。20世纪90年代，日本学者研究用碳纤维芯代替钢芯，开发了一种新型复合材料合成导线，即碳纤维芯铝绞线(ACFR)，这种新型导线与常规ACSR导线相比，具有重量轻、线膨胀系数小、弧度特性良好，此后，碳纤维线芯得到了发展应用。但现有技术中的碳纤维电缆因护套防护性能差，导致碳纤维电缆一般存在低温下柔性差、阻燃绝缘等综合性能差的问题。
发明内容
基于以上现有技术，本发明的目的在于提供一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，以多根碳纤维加捻成股得到缆芯，缆芯外设置保护套，保护套内添加矿物质及其他功能助剂，进而使得碳纤维电缆具备优异的耐高温、耐低温及低温下柔软性、阻燃等性能。
为了实现以上目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，包括缆芯和保护套，所述缆芯由多根碳纤维加捻成股得到；所述保护套套设在缆芯外，保护套的组分及质量份数配比为：三元乙丙橡胶30-50份、偶联剂10-30份、硬脂酸5-10份、己二酸二辛酯10-20份、增韧剂5-8份、抗老化剂2-5份、氧化锌2-5份、云母粉3-8份、石英粉3-8份、纳米二氧化硅2-5份、纳米碳酸钙2-5份、炭黑2-6份、陶瓷纤维2-5份、促进剂0.1-0.2份。
优选地，所述纳米二氧化硅和纳米碳酸钙的粒径为50-100nm。
优选地，所述云母粉和石英粉的粒径为100-300nm。
优选地，所述促进剂包括促进剂CZ和促进剂TMTD，促进剂CZ和促进剂TMTD的质量份数比为1:1。
优选地，所述陶瓷纤维的纤维长度为1.0-3.5毫米，陶瓷纤维的直径为3.0-8.0微米。
优选地，所述每根碳纤维的四周还包覆有玻璃纤维，且每根碳纤维和玻璃纤维的张力为0.3至0.4kg。
优选地，所述每根碳纤维外还设置有绝缘套。
优选地，所述保护套的平均厚度为2.5mm。
优选地，所述保护套的耐火度大于1200℃，耐低温性能达-60℃。
本发明的保护套为电缆提供高温阻燃及低温防护，其中保护套的组分作用机理为：
本发明的保护套以三元乙丙橡胶为基料，三元乙丙橡胶具有优异的电绝缘性和强度，保证了电缆的绝缘性和抗拉伸性；基料中加入硬脂酸作为活化剂，配合己二酸二辛酯共同作用，使得保护套良好的低温柔软性，并且能够改善保护套的回弹性，降低压缩永久变形，成品电缆弯曲半径小，为电缆直径的4-6倍。基料中加入矿物质成分云母粉和石英粉，云母粉和石英粉起到隔氧阻燃的作用，且增强了保护套的耐高温性能；基料中加入纳米二氧化硅、纳米碳酸钙和炭黑，增强了保护套的耐磨性能。基料中还加入陶瓷纤维，陶瓷纤维是一种纤维状轻质耐火材料，具有重量轻、耐高温、热稳定性好、导热率低、比热容小及耐机械震动等优点，主要化学成分为硅酸铝，陶瓷纤维的加入赋予保护套抗腐蚀、高强度、阻燃、耐高温等性能，耐火性能优良，而且无毒、无害、环保。通过上述组分的共同作用，使得本发明的电缆耐高温性能优异，耐火度大于1200℃，耐低温性能达-60℃，且低温下保护套的柔软度高。
综上所述，与现有技术相比，本发明具有的有益效果为：
1.本发明的柔性矿物绝缘碳纤维电缆耐高温性能以阻燃性能优异，耐火度大于1200℃。
2.本发明的柔性矿物绝缘碳纤维电缆耐低温性能达-60℃，工作温度范围宽，且在低温下仍能保持一定的软度。
3.本发明的柔性矿物绝缘碳纤维电缆耐老化、耐磨损，使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，包括缆芯和保护套，所述缆芯由多根碳纤维加捻成股得到；所述保护套套设在缆芯外，保护套的组分及质量份数配比为：三元乙丙橡胶40份、偶联剂20份、硬脂酸8份、己二酸二辛酯15份、增韧剂6份、抗老化剂4份、氧化锌3份、云母粉5份、石英粉5份、纳米二氧化硅4份、纳米碳酸钙4份、炭黑5份、陶瓷纤维4份、促进剂CZ0.06份和促进剂TMTD 0.06份。
实施例2
一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，包括缆芯和保护套，所述缆芯由多根碳纤维加捻成股得到；所述保护套套设在缆芯外，保护套的组分及质量份数配比为：三元乙丙橡胶50份、偶联剂30份、硬脂酸10份、己二酸二辛酯10份、增韧剂8份、抗老化剂3份、氧化锌4份、云母粉8份、石英粉6份、纳米二氧化硅5份、纳米碳酸钙2份、炭黑6份、陶瓷纤维5份、促进剂CZ 0.1份和促进剂TMTD 0.1份。
实施例3
一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，包括缆芯和保护套，所述缆芯由多根碳纤维加捻成股得到；所述保护套套设在缆芯外，保护套的组分及质量份数配比为：三元乙丙橡胶30份、偶联剂10份、硬脂酸5份、己二酸二辛酯12份、增韧剂5份、抗老化剂2份、氧化锌2份、云母粉3份、石英粉3份、纳米二氧化硅2份、纳米碳酸钙2份、炭黑2份、陶瓷纤维2份、促进剂CZ0.05份和促进剂TMTD 0.05份。
对比例1
一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，包括缆芯和保护套，所述缆芯由多根碳纤维加捻成股得到；所述保护套套设在缆芯外，保护套的组分及质量份数配比为：三元乙丙橡胶30份、偶联剂10份、硬脂酸5份、己二酸二辛酯12份、增韧剂5份、抗老化剂2份、氧化锌2份、云母粉3份、石英粉3份、纳米二氧化硅2份、纳米碳酸钙2份、炭黑2份、促进剂CZ 0.05份和促进剂TMTD 0.05份。
对比例2
一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，包括缆芯和保护套，所述缆芯由多根碳纤维加捻成股得到；所述保护套套设在缆芯外，保护套的组分及质量份数配比为：三元乙丙橡胶30份、偶联剂10份、硬脂酸5份、己二酸二辛酯12份、增韧剂5份、抗老化剂2份、氧化锌2份、纳米二氧化硅2份、纳米碳酸钙2份、炭黑2份、陶瓷纤维2份、促进剂CZ 0.05份和促进剂TMTD0.05份。
对比例3
一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，包括缆芯和保护套，所述缆芯由多根碳纤维加捻成股得到；所述保护套套设在缆芯外，保护套的组分及质量份数配比为：三元乙丙橡胶30份、偶联剂10份、硬脂酸5份、增韧剂5份、抗老化剂2份、氧化锌2份、云母粉3份、石英粉3份、纳米二氧化硅2份、纳米碳酸钙2份、炭黑2份、陶瓷纤维2份、促进剂CZ 0.05份和促进剂TMTD 0.05份。
对以上述实施例1至3及对比例1至3的配方制得的柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆进行抗拉伸强度、阻燃性以及不同温度下的柔性进行测试，测试结果如下表1所示。
表1柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆性能测试结果
由上述测试结果可知，本发明的实施例1至3制得的柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆拉伸强度大，且阻燃性能优异，并且与对比例2相比，在保护套组分中不掺加云母粉和石英粉时，电缆的阻燃性能明显降低，证明云母粉和石英粉矿物组分的加入增强了电缆的防火阻燃性能。本发明的实施例1至3制得的柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆在常温下具有优异的柔性，在6倍直径下弯曲试验，性能稳定运行正常；并且在-60℃的低温下，仍能保持4倍直径下弯曲试验，性能稳定运行正常，证明本发明的碳纤维电缆在低温下仍能保持一定的柔软度，解决了现有技术中电缆在低温下变硬、变脆，无法正常使用的问题。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，包括缆芯和保护套，其特征在于，所述缆芯由多根碳纤维加捻成股得到；所述保护套套设在缆芯外，保护套的组分及质量份数配比为：三元乙丙橡胶30-50份、偶联剂10-30份、硬脂酸5-10份、己二酸二辛酯10-20份、增韧剂5-8份、抗老化剂2-5份、氧化锌2-5份、云母粉3-8份、石英粉3-8份、纳米二氧化硅2-5份、纳米碳酸钙2-5份、炭黑2-6份、陶瓷纤维2-5份、促进剂0.1-0.2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，其特征在于，所述纳米二氧化硅和纳米碳酸钙的粒径为50-100nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，其特征在于，所述云母粉和石英粉的粒径为100-300nm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，其特征在于，所述促进剂包括促进剂CZ和促进剂TMTD，促进剂CZ和促进剂TMTD的质量份数比为1:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，其特征在于，所述陶瓷纤维的纤维长度为1.0-3.5mm，陶瓷纤维的直径为3.0-8.0μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，其特征在于，所述每根碳纤维的四周还包覆有玻璃纤维，且每根碳纤维和玻璃纤维的张力为0.3至0.4kg。
7.根据权利要求1所述的柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，其特征在于，所述每根碳纤维外还设置有绝缘套。
8.根据权利要求1所述的柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，其特征在于，所述保护套的平均厚度为2.5mm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的柔性矿物阻燃绝缘碳纤维电缆，其特征在于，所述碳纤维电缆的耐火度大于1200℃，耐低温性能达-60℃。
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