CN107983792A - A kind of 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions extrusion processes - Google Patents
A kind of 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions extrusion processes Download PDFInfo
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- CN107983792A CN107983792A CN201711486759.5A CN201711486759A CN107983792A CN 107983792 A CN107983792 A CN 107983792A CN 201711486759 A CN201711486759 A CN 201711486759A CN 107983792 A CN107983792 A CN 107983792A
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- aluminium alloy
- extrusion
- extrusion process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
- B21C35/02—Removing or drawing-off work
- B21C35/03—Straightening the work
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions extrusion processes, including：Aluminium alloy cast ingot is heated, is extruded, straightening, sawing and timeliness, obtain aluminium alloy extrusions；The temperature of extrusion cylinder is 450~460 DEG C in the extrusion process；The speed that axis is extruded in the extrusion process is 0.8~2mm/s.The present invention is by strictly controlling extrusion temperature and extrusion speed in extrusion process, and 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions for making to be prepared obtain preferable mechanical property, such as yield strength, tensile strength and elongation after fracture.The extrusion process of 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions provided by the invention is particularly suitable for preparing all-aluminium body section bar complex-shaped, that cavity is more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Al-alloy metal field, more particularly to a kind of 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions extrusion processes.
Background technology
6063 aluminium alloys are widely used in building aluminium door and window, the frame of curtain wall, in order to ensure that door and window, curtain wall have high wind resistance
Performance, assembly performance, corrosion resisting property and decoration performance, the requirement to aluminium alloy extrusions comprehensive performance is pressed to be significantly larger than industry profile
Standard.The main alloy element of 6063 aluminium alloys is magnesium and silicon, has splendid, the excellent weldability of processing performance, extrudability
And plating resistance, good corrosion resistance, toughness, it is easily polished, film of painting, the advantages of anodic oxidation effect excellent numerous, is
Typical extruded alloy.6063 aluminium alloy extrusions with its good plasticity, moderate heating strength, good welding performance with
And after anodized, it is widely used in architectural shape, irrigates tubing, for car many advantages, such as the magnificent color and luster in surface
, the tube, rod section material of rack, furniture, elevator, fence etc..
6063 aluminium alloys be used for automobile all-aluminium body, section bar it is complex-shaped, the inner cavity of hollow profile is more, how to carry
The comprehensive performance of high 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions becomes the hot spot of those skilled in the art's research.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is provided by the invention to squeeze it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of extrusion process of 6063 aluminium alloy
6063 aluminium alloy extrusions of good mechanical properties can be prepared in pressure technique.
The present invention provides a kind of 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions extrusion processes, including：
Aluminium alloy cast ingot is heated, is extruded, straightening, sawing and timeliness, obtain aluminium alloy extrusions；
The temperature of extrusion cylinder is 450~460 DEG C in the extrusion process；
The speed that axis is extruded in the extrusion process is 0.8~2mm/s.
In the present invention, the component of the aluminium alloy cast ingot is preferably：
The silicon of 0.39~0.45wt%；
The magnesium of 0.4~0.51wt%；
The copper of 0.01~0.05wt%；
The zinc of 0.02~0.06wt%；
The manganese of 0.02~0.08wt%；
The titanium of 0.01~0.03wt%；
The chromium of 0.01~0.05wt%；
The iron of 0.15~0.25wt%；
The vanadium of 0.01~0.05wt%；
The sodium of 0.005~0.009wt%；
Surplus is aluminium.
In the present invention, the mass content of the silicon is preferably 0.4~0.44%, and more preferably 0.41~0.43%, most
Preferably 0.42%；The mass content of the magnesium is preferably 0.42~0.48%, and more preferably 0.44~0.46%, be most preferably
0.45%；The mass content of the copper is preferably 0.01~0.04%, and more preferably 0.02~0.03%；The quality of the zinc contains
Amount is preferably 0.03~0.05%, and more preferably 0.04%；The mass content of the manganese is preferably 0.03~0.07%, more preferably
For 0.04~0.06%, most preferably 0.05%；The mass content of the titanium is preferably 0.015~0.025%, more preferably
0.02%；The mass content of the chromium is preferably 0.02~0.04%, and more preferably 0.03%；The mass content of the iron is preferred
For 0.18~0.22%, more preferably 0.2%；The mass content of the vanadium is preferably 0.02~0.04%, more preferably
0.03%；The mass content of the sodium is preferably 0.006~0.008%, and more preferably 0.007%.In the present invention, the aluminium
Impurity component content is preferably 0.02~0.04% in alloy cast ingot, and more preferably 0.03%.
In the present invention, the ingot casting is preferably that inclusion content is low, no slag inclusion, it is loose, segregation the defects of ingot casting；When
The ingot casting causes ingot casting and matrix soldering poor performance when containing drawbacks described above, matrix flows are discontinuous, in the process of extruding
In easily separated from matrix, when by the work band of mould, be easily adhered in arrival end, form viscous aluminium, influence to make
The surface quality of standby obtained aluminium alloy shape section bar.
In the present invention, the temperature of the ingot casting heating is preferably 500~530 DEG C, more preferably 510~520 DEG C, optimal
Elect 515 DEG C as.In the present invention, the temperature of preferred control ingot casting end to end is more excellent no more than 40 DEG C in the ingot casting heating process
Choosing is no more than 5~35 DEG C, and more preferably less than 10~30 DEG C, more preferably no more than 15~25 DEG C, are most preferably not more than 20 DEG C.
In the present invention, the heating-up temperature of mould is preferably 450~460 DEG C in the extrusion process, more preferably 452~
458 DEG C, be most preferably 454~456 DEG C.
In the present invention, the temperature of extrusion cylinder is 450~460 DEG C in the extrusion process, more preferably 452~458 DEG C,
Most preferably 454~456 DEG C.In the present invention, the tension of the excessive aluminium alloy extrusions that can make to be prepared of the temperature of extrusion cylinder
Intensity decreases, crack under the action of frictional force.
In the present invention, the speed of the extruding axis is 0.8~2mm/s, and more preferably 1~1.8mm/s, is most preferably
1.2~1.6mm/s.In the present invention, extruding the excessive velocities of axis can increase the additional tension suffered by Surface of profile, easily
Crack.
In the present invention, the type of cooling in the extrusion process is preferably water cooling or air-cooled, more preferably air-cooled.This hair
The bright extruding aluminium alloy extrusions that can make to be prepared that carried out by the way of air-cooled has more preferable dimensional accuracy.
In the present invention, the ingot casting heating in the extrusion process is come out of the stove is preferably more than 60s to the extrusion cylinder time, more excellent
Choosing is no more than 55s, is most preferably not more than 50s.
In the present invention, surface quality testing preferably is carried out to obtained extruded product after the completion of extruding, finds product table
Face is coarse and orange peel, is mingled with and answers timely processing when surface defect.
In the present invention, the method for the straightening is preferably that heat is rectified, i.e., the cushion block processed in extruder outlet with graphite bar
The section bar of extrusion is corrected, the cushion block of the machining graphite is the mould consistent with aluminium alloy extrusions shape, is prepared
Aluminium alloy extrusions can be bonded and be placed in graphite pad mould.In the present invention, it is described heat rectify can further correct it is crowded
The shape of aluminium alloy extrusions after pressure, further improves the dimensional accuracy for the aluminium alloy extrusions being prepared.In the present invention, institute
The extensibility stated during straightening is preferably 1.0~2.0%, and more preferably 1.2~1.8%, it is most preferably 1.4~1.6%；Institute
State extensibility and cross senior general and cause that the section bar that is prepared produces line position tolerance and dimensional accuracy is exceeded.In the present invention, it is described
The aluminium alloy extrusions that the setting of the strong method of heat and extensibility can make to be prepared has good dimensional accuracy, and morpheme is public
Difference can reach high-precision level or even superelevation the essence level of common section bar standard.
Present invention preferably employs the extrusion process described in above-mentioned technical proposal and straightening technique, the present invention passes through to extruding work
The control of skill and straightening technique can obtain the aluminium alloy extrusions of preferable dimensional accuracy.
In the present invention, preferably ensure sawing platform during the sawing totally without aluminium skimmings, material lift frame up personnel's gloves it is clean,
Frame up by root material lift.In the present invention, it is described frame up during preferred cushioning material between layers, have interval between material and material,
Overall neat clean, water quenching material wants wiped clean surface moisture.In the present invention, discovery is largely studied by inventor, is sawed
If sawing length is unreasonable when cutting can cause contracting tail；The length that cuts of section bar head end is preferably 1.5~2.5 during the sawing
Rice, more preferably 2 meters；The length that cuts of the section bar tail end is preferably 2~4 meters, more preferably 2.5~3.5 meters, is most preferably
3 meters.
In the present invention, the temperature of the timeliness is preferably 170~180 DEG C, more preferably 172~178 DEG C, is most preferably
175℃；When the time of the timeliness is preferably 7~9 small, more preferably 7.5~8.5 it is small when, be most preferably 8 it is small when.The present invention
It is preferred that using the aging technique described in above-mentioned technical proposal, it can further stablize the mechanical property for the aluminium alloy extrusions being prepared
Energy.In the present invention, after being kept the temperature in the ag(e)ing process, preferably come out of the stove air-cooled.
By strictly controlling extrusion temperature and extrusion speed in extrusion process, 6063 aluminium for making to be prepared close the present invention
Metal type material obtains preferable mechanical property, such as yield strength, tensile strength and elongation after fracture.6063 aluminium provided by the invention closes
The expressing technique of metal type material is particularly suitable for preparing all-aluminium body section bar complex-shaped, that cavity is more.
Embodiment
The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this area is common
Technical staff it is improved or retouching all other example, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared by the following method：
Aluminium alloy cast ingot is heated, is extruded, straightening, sawing and timeliness, obtain aluminium alloy extrusions.
The component of the aluminium alloy cast ingot is：The silicon of 0.42wt%；The magnesium of 0.45wt%；The copper of 0.03wt%；
The zinc of 0.04wt%；The manganese of 0.05wt%；The titanium of 0.02wt%；The chromium of 0.03wt%；The iron of 0.2wt%；The vanadium of 0.03wt%；
The sodium of 0.007wt%；Impurity 0.03wt%；Surplus is aluminium.
The temperature of the heating is 515 DEG C, controls ingot casting head and tail temperature difference to be no more than 40 DEG C in heating process.
The heating-up temperature of mould is 455 DEG C in the extrusion process, and the temperature of extrusion cylinder is 455 DEG C in extrusion process, is squeezed
Pressure speed is 1.5mm/s, comes out of the stove after ingot casting heating and is no more than 60s to the time for entering extrusion cylinder；What the extrusion process used
The type of cooling is air-cooled.
The method of the straightening be processed in the outlet of extruder with graphite bar with the aluminium alloy extrusions shape that obtains in advance
Just as mould pad block the section bar of extrusion is corrected, the extensibility during the straightening be 1.5%.
Section bar head end when cutting saw cuts length as 2 meters, and section bar tail end cuts length as 3 meters.
The temperature of the timeliness is 175 DEG C, when the time of the timeliness is 8 small, is come out of the stove after insulation air-cooled.
Embodiment 2
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared by the following method：
Aluminium alloy cast ingot is heated, is extruded, straightening, sawing and timeliness, obtain aluminium alloy extrusions.
The component of the aluminium alloy cast ingot is：The silicon of 0.39wt%；The magnesium of 0.4wt%；The copper of 0.03wt%；0.04wt%
Zinc；The manganese of 0.02wt%；The titanium of 0.02wt%；The chromium of 0.03wt%；The iron of 0.15wt%；The vanadium of 0.03wt%；
The sodium of 0.007wt%；Impurity 0.03wt%；Surplus is aluminium.
The temperature of the heating is 500 DEG C, controls ingot casting head and tail temperature difference to be no more than 35 DEG C in heating process.
The heating-up temperature of mould is 450 DEG C in the extrusion process, and the temperature of extrusion cylinder is 450 DEG C in extrusion process, is squeezed
Pressure speed is 0.8mm/s, comes out of the stove after ingot casting heating and is no more than 50s to the time for entering extrusion cylinder；What the extrusion process used
The type of cooling is air-cooled.
The method of the aligning be processed in the outlet of extruder with graphite bar with the aluminium alloy extrusions shape that obtains in advance
Just as mould pad block the section bar of extrusion is corrected, the extensibility during the straightening be 1%.
Section bar head end when cutting saw cuts length as 2 meters, and section bar tail end cuts length as 3 meters.
The temperature of the actual effect is 175 DEG C, when the time of the timeliness is 8 small.
Embodiment 3
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared by the following method：
Aluminium alloy cast ingot is heated, is extruded, straightening, sawing and timeliness, obtain aluminium alloy extrusions.
The component of the aluminium alloy cast ingot is：The silicon of 0.45wt%；The magnesium of 0.51wt%；The copper of 0.03wt%；
The zinc of 0.04wt%；The manganese of 0.08wt%；The titanium of 0.02wt%；The chromium of 0.03wt%；The iron of 0.25wt%；0.03wt%'s
Vanadium；The sodium of 0.007wt%；Impurity 0.03wt%；Surplus is aluminium.
The temperature of the heating is 530 DEG C, controls ingot casting head and tail temperature difference to be no more than 30 DEG C in heating process.
The heating-up temperature of mould is 460 DEG C in the extrusion process, and the temperature of extrusion cylinder is 460 DEG C in extrusion process, is squeezed
Pressure speed is 2mm/s, comes out of the stove after ingot casting heating and is no more than 55s to the time for entering extrusion cylinder；The extrusion process uses cold
But mode is air-cooled.
The method of the aligning be processed in the outlet of extruder with graphite bar with the aluminium alloy extrusions shape that obtains in advance
Just as mould pad block the section bar of extrusion is corrected, the extensibility during the straightening be 2%.
Section bar head end when cutting saw cuts length as 2 meters, and section bar tail end cuts length as 3 meters.
The temperature of the actual effect is 175 DEG C, when the time of the timeliness is 8 small.
Comparative example 1
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared in method according to embodiment 1, and difference lies in the extrusion process with embodiment 1
The temperature of middle extrusion cylinder is 430 DEG C.
Comparative example 2
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared in method according to embodiment 1, and difference lies in the extrusion process with embodiment 1
The temperature of middle extrusion cylinder is 480 DEG C.
Comparative example 3
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared in method according to embodiment 1, and difference lies in the extrusion process with embodiment 1
In extrusion speed be 0.6mm/s.
Comparative example 4
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared in method according to embodiment 1, and difference lies in the extrusion process with embodiment 1
In extrusion speed be 2.2mm/s.
Embodiment 4
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared in method according to embodiment 1, and difference lies in the extrusion process with embodiment 1
The middle type of cooling used is water cooling.
Embodiment 5
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared in method according to embodiment 1, and difference lies in the mistake of the straightening with embodiment 1
Graphite cushion block is not used in journey, is directly aligned.
Embodiment 6
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared in method according to embodiment 1, and difference lies in the mistake of the straightening with embodiment 1
Extensibility in journey is 0.5%.
Embodiment 7
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared in method according to embodiment 1, and difference lies in the mistake of the straightening with embodiment 1
Extensibility in journey is 2.5%.
Embodiment 8
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared in method according to embodiment 1, and difference lies in the ingot casting heating with embodiment 1
Temperature be 480 DEG C.
Embodiment 9
Aluminium alloy extrusions is prepared in method according to embodiment 1, and difference lies in the ingot casting heating with embodiment 1
Temperature be 550 DEG C.
Embodiment 10
The dimensional accuracy for the aluminium alloy extrusions that the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 is prepared can reach GB/T6892-2015
《General industry aluminium and aluminum alloy extrusion section bar》High-precision level or superelevation essence level；What other embodiment and comparative example were prepared
The defects of micro-crack or pitted skin occurs in aluminium alloy section surface.Understand, extrusion temperature is excessive, and extrusion speed is too fast, can
Surface of profile is caused the surface quality defects such as micro-crack or pitted skin occur.
According to GB/T6892-2015《General industry aluminium and aluminum alloy extrusion section bar》Standard, detects the embodiment of the present invention
The mechanical property for the aluminium alloy extrusions being prepared with comparative example, testing result are as shown in table 1.
The mechanical property for the aluminium alloy extrusions that 1 embodiment of the present invention of table and comparative example are prepared
| Mechanical property | Yield strength/Mpa | Tensile strength/Mpa | Elongation percentage |
| Embodiment 1 | 220 | 240 | 10% |
| Embodiment 2 | 200 | 220 | 10% |
| Embodiment 3 | 215 | 250 | 11% |
| Embodiment 4 | 230 | 255 | 10% |
| Embodiment 5 | 220 | 235 | 10% |
| Embodiment 6 | 215 | 235 | 10% |
| Embodiment 7 | 225 | 240 | 10% |
| Embodiment 8 | 175 | 210 | 11% |
| Embodiment 9 | 225 | 250 | 8% |
| Comparative example 1 | 170 | 200 | 10% |
| Comparative example 2 | 210 | 240 | 10% |
| Comparative example 3 | 170 | 190 | 10% |
| Comparative example 4 | 220 | 235 | 8% |
As seen from the above embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions extrusion processes, including：By aluminium alloy
Ingot casting is heated, extruded, straightening, sawing and timeliness, obtain aluminium alloy extrusions；The temperature of extrusion cylinder is in the extrusion process
450~460 DEG C；The speed that axis is extruded in the extrusion process is 0.8~2mm/s.The present invention is by strictly controlling extrusion process
In extrusion temperature and extrusion speed, 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions that are prepared is obtained preferable mechanical property, such as surrender strong
Degree, tensile strength and elongation after fracture.The extrusion process of 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions provided by the invention is particularly suitable for preparing shape
The all-aluminium body section bar that shape is complicated, cavity is more.
Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill of the art
For personnel, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of 6063 aluminium alloy extrusions extrusion processes, including：
Aluminium alloy cast ingot is heated, is extruded, straightening, sawing and timeliness, obtain aluminium alloy extrusions；
The temperature of extrusion cylinder is 450~460 DEG C in the extrusion process；
The speed that axis is extruded in the extrusion process is 0.8~2mm/s.
2. extrusion process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the component of the aluminium alloy cast ingot is：
The silicon of 0.39~0.45wt%；
The magnesium of 0.4~0.51wt%；
The copper of 0.01~0.05wt%；
The zinc of 0.02~0.06wt%；
The manganese of 0.02~0.08wt%；
The titanium of 0.01~0.03wt%；
The chromium of 0.01~0.05wt%；
The iron of 0.15~0.25wt%；
The vanadium of 0.01~0.05wt%；
The sodium of 0.005~0.009wt%；
Surplus is aluminium.
3. extrusion process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature of the heating is 500~530 DEG C.
4. extrusion process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that aluminium alloy cast ingot is warm end to end in the heating process
Difference is no more than 40 DEG C.
5. extrusion process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the heating-up temperature of mould is in the extrusion process
450~460 DEG C.
6. extrusion process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature of extrusion cylinder is 454 in the extrusion process
~456 DEG C.
7. extrusion process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the extrusion process extrusion speed for 1~
1.8mm/s。
8. extrusion process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the type of cooling in the extrusion process for water cooling or
It is air-cooled.
9. extrusion process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that come out of the stove after the ingot casting heating to the time of extrusion cylinder
No more than 60s.
10. extrusion process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the extensibility during the straightening is 1~2%.
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| CN109207816A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-15 | 永臻科技（常州）有限公司 | A kind of 6063 aluminum alloy materials for the production of solar energy aluminium frame |
| CN111318588A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-23 | 上海友升铝业有限公司 | Method for improving multi-head threshold beam profile degree qualification rate |
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| CN107983792B (en) | 2019-12-10 |
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