CN107974309A - 一种汽车用生物燃料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于燃料技术领域,特别涉及一种汽车用生物燃料,由以下重量份的原料制成:生物燃料80‑100份,添加剂0.1‑0.8份;所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:正庚醇20‑30份,丙二醇丁醚10‑20份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚5‑15份,N‑叔丁基丁烯酰胺3‑11份,2‑甲基咪唑1‑8份。本发明的汽车用生物燃料不容易产生积碳,能够有效防止积碳等沉积物的形成,能够有效保持汽车的行驶的稳定性,减少油耗,提升汽车加速能力,其它性能指标符合国五柴油的技术要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于燃料技术领域,特别涉及一种汽车用生物燃料。
背景技术
生物燃料(Biodiesel)是一种较为洁净的合成油,普遍用于拖拉机、卡车、船舶等。它是指以油料作物如大豆、油菜、棉、棕榈等,野生油料植物和工程微藻等水生植物油脂以及动物油脂、餐饮垃圾油等为原料油通过酯交换或热化学工艺制成的可代替石化柴油的再生性柴油燃料。
生物燃料是生物质能的一种,其在物理性质上与石化柴油接近,但化学组成不同。生物燃料是含氧量极高的复杂有机成分的混合物,这些混合物主要是一些分子量大的有机物,几乎包括所有种类的含氧有机物,如:酯、醚、醛、酮、酚、有机酸、醇等。
但是生物燃料燃使用时会产生易结胶、积碳等问题,多年以来始终困扰着业界技术人员。在发动机燃烧室内,生物燃料又比石油柴油更容易产生积碳,导致汽缸压缩比升高、燃烧环境持续恶化,造成燃烧不充分,造成发动机磨损严重、温度升高,车辆油耗快速增加,积碳造成进气阀燃油吸附和喷油嘴雾化不完全,从而造成发动机的动力损失。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种汽车用生物燃料,该生物燃料不容易产生积碳。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明提供一种汽车用生物燃料,由以下重量份的原料制成:生物燃料80-100份,添加剂0.1-0.8份。
本发明所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:正庚醇20-30份,丙二醇丁醚10-20份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚5-15份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺3-11份,2-甲基咪唑1-8份。
优选地,本发明所述的汽车用生物燃料,由以下重量份的原料制成:生物燃料85-95份,添加剂0.3-0.6份。
更优选地,本发明所述的汽车用生物燃料,由以下重量份的原料制成:生物燃料90份,添加剂0.5份。
优选地,本发明所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:正庚醇22-28份,丙二醇丁醚12-18份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚7-13份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺5-9份,2-甲基咪唑2-6份。
更优选地,本发明所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:正庚醇25份,丙二醇丁醚15份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚10份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺7份,2-甲基咪唑4份。
更优选地,本发明所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:正庚醇22份,丙二醇丁醚18份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚7份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺9份,2-甲基咪唑2份。
更优选地,本发明所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:正庚醇28份,丙二醇丁醚12份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚13份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺5份,2-甲基咪唑6份。
本发明所述的生物燃料的制备方法为:取植物油,升温至50-70℃,加入预先配制好的0.1mol/L的KOH甲醇溶液(KOH用量为油的%),再加入植物油体积1/5的甲醇,搅拌反应60min后冷却分层,上层为黄色澄清溶液,下层为红褐色甘油成分,取上层清洗液洗涤至pH值为7,再经蒸馏,即可得到生物燃料。
上述的植物油为棕榈油、菜籽油、棉籽油、大豆油、蓖麻油中的一种。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明的汽车用生物燃料不容易产生积碳,能够有效防止积碳等沉积物的形成,能够有效保持汽车的行驶的稳定性,减少油耗,提升汽车加速能力,其它性能指标符合国五柴油的技术要求。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。
实施例1
一种汽车用生物燃料,由以下重量份的原料制成(混合均匀即可):生物燃料80份,添加剂0.8份;所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成(混合均匀即可):正庚醇20份,丙二醇丁醚20份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚5份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺11份,2-甲基咪唑1份。
上述生物燃料的制备方法为:取菜籽油,升温至70℃,加入预先配制好的0.1mol/L的KOH甲醇溶液(KOH用量为油的%),再加入菜籽油体积1/5的甲醇,搅拌反应60min后冷却分层,上册为黄色澄清溶液,下层为红褐色甘油成分,取上层清洗液洗涤至pH值为7,再经蒸馏,即可得到生物燃料。
实施例2
一种汽车用生物燃料,由以下重量份的原料制成(混合均匀即可):生物燃料85份,添加剂0.6份;所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成(混合均匀即可):正庚醇22份,丙二醇丁醚18份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚7份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺9份,2-甲基咪唑2份。
上述生物燃料的制备方法为:取棉籽油,升温至65℃,加入预先配制好的0.1mol/L的KOH甲醇溶液(KOH用量为油的%),再加入棉籽油体积1/5的甲醇,搅拌反应60min后冷却分层,上册为黄色澄清溶液,下层为红褐色甘油成分,取上层清洗液洗涤至pH值为7,再经蒸馏,即可得到生物燃料。
实施例3
一种汽车用生物燃料,由以下重量份的原料制成(混合均匀即可):生物燃料90份,添加剂0.5份;所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成(混合均匀即可):正庚醇25份,丙二醇丁醚15份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚10份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺7份,2-甲基咪唑4份。
上述生物燃料的制备方法为:取大豆油,升温至60℃,加入预先配制好的0.1mol/L的KOH甲醇溶液(KOH用量为油的%),再加入大豆油体积1/5的甲醇,搅拌反应60min后冷却分层,上册为黄色澄清溶液,下层为红褐色甘油成分,取上层清洗液洗涤至pH值为7,再经蒸馏,即可得到生物燃料。
实施例4
一种汽车用生物燃料,由以下重量份的原料制成(混合均匀即可):生物燃料95份,添加剂0.3份;所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成(混合均匀即可):正庚醇28份,丙二醇丁醚12份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚13份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺5份,2-甲基咪唑6份。
上述生物燃料的制备方法为:取蓖麻油,升温至55℃,加入预先配制好的0.1mol/L的KOH甲醇溶液(KOH用量为油的%),再加入蓖麻油体积1/5的甲醇,搅拌反应60min后冷却分层,上册为黄色澄清溶液,下层为红褐色甘油成分,取上层清洗液洗涤至pH值为7,再经蒸馏,即可得到生物燃料。
实施例5
一种汽车用生物燃料,由以下重量份的原料制成(混合均匀即可):生物燃料100份,添加剂0.1份;所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成(混合均匀即可):正庚醇30份,丙二醇丁醚10份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚15份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺3份,2-甲基咪唑8份。
上述生物燃料的制备方法为:取棕榈油,升温至50℃,加入预先配制好的0.1mol/L的KOH甲醇溶液(KOH用量为油的%),再加入植物油体积1/5的甲醇,搅拌反应60min后冷却分层,上册为黄色澄清溶液,下层为红褐色甘油成分,取上层清洗液洗涤至pH值为7,再经蒸馏,即可得到生物燃料。
本发明的汽车用生物燃料产品性能指标见表1。
表1本发明的汽车用生物燃料性能指标
注:本发明的0#柴油技术要求为国五标准。
以本发明实施例3的生物燃料和添加剂的比例为基础,测试本发明不同添加剂组成,发动机积碳的情况,见表2。
表2不同添加剂的组成,发动机积碳情况
Claims (7)
1.一种汽车用生物燃料,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:生物燃料80-100份,添加剂0.1-0.8份;
所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:正庚醇20-30份,丙二醇丁醚10-20份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚5-15份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺3-11份,2-甲基咪唑1-8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车用生物燃料,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:生物燃料85-95份,添加剂0.3-0.6份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的汽车用生物燃料,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:生物燃料90份,添加剂0.5份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的汽车用生物燃料,其特征在于,所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:正庚醇22-28份,丙二醇丁醚12-18份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚7-13份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺5-9份,2-甲基咪唑2-6份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的汽车用生物燃料,其特征在于,所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:正庚醇25份,丙二醇丁醚15份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚10份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺7份,2-甲基咪唑4份。
6.根据权利要求4所述的汽车用生物燃料,其特征在于,所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:正庚醇22份,丙二醇丁醚18份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚7份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺9份,2-甲基咪唑2份。
7.根据权利要求4所述的汽车用生物燃料,其特征在于,所述的添加剂,由以下重量份的原料制成:正庚醇28份,丙二醇丁醚12份,烯丙基缩水甘油醚13份,N-叔丁基丁烯酰胺5份,2-甲基咪唑6份。
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CN101379165A (zh) * | 2006-02-03 | 2009-03-04 | 伊士曼化工公司 | 可用于生物柴油以及其它脂肪酸和酸酯组合物中的抗氧化剂组合物 |
CN104357101A (zh) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-02-18 | 金景达(北京)环保动力科技有限公司 | 一种高效稳定生物柴油复合燃料 |
CN106367132A (zh) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-01 | 广西东奇能源技术有限公司 | 增效减排甲醇燃料 |
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CN101379165A (zh) * | 2006-02-03 | 2009-03-04 | 伊士曼化工公司 | 可用于生物柴油以及其它脂肪酸和酸酯组合物中的抗氧化剂组合物 |
CN104357101A (zh) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-02-18 | 金景达(北京)环保动力科技有限公司 | 一种高效稳定生物柴油复合燃料 |
CN106367132A (zh) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-01 | 广西东奇能源技术有限公司 | 增效减排甲醇燃料 |
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