CN107968501B - Motor rotor and permanent magnet motor - Google Patents

Motor rotor and permanent magnet motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107968501B
CN107968501B CN201711388521.9A CN201711388521A CN107968501B CN 107968501 B CN107968501 B CN 107968501B CN 201711388521 A CN201711388521 A CN 201711388521A CN 107968501 B CN107968501 B CN 107968501B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
motor
rotor
mounting groove
permanent
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CN201711388521.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107968501A (en
Inventor
董明珠
胡余生
陈彬
王敏
周博
肖勇
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Priority to CN201711388521.9A priority Critical patent/CN107968501B/en
Publication of CN107968501A publication Critical patent/CN107968501A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Abstract

The invention provides a motor rotor and a permanent magnet motor. The motor rotor comprises a rotor core (1), a first permanent magnet (2) and a second permanent magnet (3), wherein the first permanent magnet (2) and the second permanent magnet (3) are arranged in the rotor core (1), the first permanent magnet (2) is positioned at the center of a magnetic pole where the first permanent magnet (2) is positioned, the second permanent magnets (3) are arranged on two sides of the first permanent magnet (2), and the coercive force of the first permanent magnet (2) is lower than that of the second permanent magnet (3). According to the motor rotor, the magnetizing and demagnetizing difficulty can be effectively reduced, the magnetic adjusting range of the motor is increased, and the motor efficiency is improved.

Description

Motor rotor and permanent magnet motor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a motor rotor and a permanent magnet motor.
Background
The traditional permanent magnet motor provides magnetic flux by means of the permanent magnet, but the permanent magnet provides magnetic field fixing, and the internal magnetic field of the motor is difficult to adjust, so that the efficiency of the permanent magnet motor in high frequency and low frequency is difficult to achieve. And the highest operating frequency of the motor is limited under the condition of fixed power supply voltage. At present, most permanent magnet motors can only expand the operation range through weak magnetic control, but the weak magnetic control has the problems of increasing the copper loss of the motor, reducing the efficiency of the motor, limiting the speed regulation range and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the motor rotor and the permanent magnet motor, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of magnetizing and demagnetizing, increase the magnetizing range of the motor and improve the motor efficiency.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a motor rotor, which comprises a rotor core, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, wherein the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are arranged in the rotor core, the first permanent magnet is positioned at the center of a magnetic pole where the first permanent magnet is positioned, the second permanent magnets are arranged on two sides of the first permanent magnet, and the coercive force of the first permanent magnet is lower than that of the second permanent magnet.
Preferably, the first permanent magnets are arranged in a straight line shape, and the first permanent magnets are perpendicular to the d axis of the magnetic pole where the first permanent magnets are located.
Preferably, a third permanent magnet is further arranged in the rotor core, the third permanent magnet is located on one side, away from the first permanent magnet, of the second permanent magnet, and the coercive force of the first permanent magnet is lower than that of the third permanent magnet.
Preferably, the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are arranged in a V shape and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first permanent magnet relative to the d axis.
Preferably, the width-to-thickness ratio of the first permanent magnet of each magnetic pole is 1.9-4.6; and/or the width-to-thickness ratio of the second permanent magnet is 1.8-4; and/or the width-to-thickness ratio of the third permanent magnet is 2.8-5.5.
Preferably, the rotor core is provided with a first mounting groove, the first permanent magnet is mounted in the first mounting groove, and the minimum distance L between the inner side wall of the first mounting groove and the central axis of the motor rotor is 0.65-0.85R, wherein R is the radius of the outer circle of the rotor.
Preferably, the included angle theta 1 between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is 75 degrees plus pi/(6*p) to 75 degrees plus pi/(2*p); and/or the included angle theta 2 between the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet is 30 degrees plus pi/(6*p) to 30 degrees plus pi/(2*p); p is the pole pair number of the motor.
Preferably, the rotor core is provided with a first mounting groove, the first permanent magnet is mounted in the first mounting groove, and an included angle theta 3 between connecting lines of two outer vertexes of the first mounting groove far away from the rotor center and the rotor center is 0.10 pi/p-0.35 pi/p; p is the pole pair number of the motor.
Preferably, the rotor core is provided with a second mounting groove and a third mounting groove, the second permanent magnet is arranged in the second mounting groove, the third permanent magnet is arranged in the third mounting groove, the second mounting groove and the third mounting groove form a V-shaped groove, the intersection point of the second mounting groove and the third mounting groove on the first side of the first permanent magnet is a first intersection point under each magnetic pole, the intersection point of the second mounting groove and the third mounting groove on the second side of the first permanent magnet is a second intersection point, and an included angle theta 4 between a connecting line of the first intersection point and the rotor center and a connecting line of the second intersection point and the rotor center is 0.4 pi/p-0.7 pi/p; and/or the distance S between the first intersection point and the rotor center is 0.4×r to 0.8×r; p is the pole pair number of the motor, and R is the radius of the outer circle of the rotor.
Preferably, the rotor core is provided with a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove, the first permanent magnet is mounted in the first mounting groove, the second permanent magnet is mounted in the second mounting groove, and the minimum distance d between the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove is 0-2 x delta, wherein delta is a single-side air gap of the motor.
Preferably, between two adjacent magnetic poles, the distance between two adjacent third permanent magnets is 0.65-1.5 times of delta, wherein delta is a unilateral air gap of the motor.
Preferably, the rotor core is provided with a third mounting groove, the third permanent magnet is arranged in the third mounting groove, and a connecting rib is arranged between two adjacent magnetic poles and between two adjacent third mounting grooves.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a permanent magnet motor comprising a motor rotor as described above.
The motor rotor comprises a rotor core, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, wherein the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are arranged in the rotor core, the first permanent magnet is positioned at the center of a magnetic pole where the first permanent magnet is positioned, the second permanent magnets are arranged on two sides of the first permanent magnet, and the coercive force of the first permanent magnet is lower than that of the second permanent magnet. When the motor rotor runs at low frequency, the permanent magnet with low coercivity increases magnetism in the forward direction, so that the counter potential of the motor can be improved, and the low frequency efficiency of the motor can be improved; when the motor operates at high frequency, the permanent magnet with low coercivity is in reverse weak magnetism, the counter potential of the motor is reduced, and the high-frequency operation range of the motor is increased. The low-coercivity permanent magnet can reach different magnetizing states by controlling the magnetizing and demagnetizing current, multistage magnetization is achieved, magnetization of different degrees is achieved under different rotating speeds, the magnetization range of the motor is increased, and the motor can operate at an optimal efficiency point on a wider frequency. Because the first permanent magnet with lower coercive force is positioned at the center of the magnetic pole where the first permanent magnet is positioned, the magnetizing and demagnetizing difficulty of the motor can be reduced, and the magnetizing and demagnetizing current of the permanent magnet with lower coercive force can be greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural view of one magnetic pole of a motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the structural relationship of permanent magnets of one pole of a motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention with permanent magnets removed.
The reference numerals are expressed as:
1. A rotor core; 2. a first permanent magnet; 3. a second permanent magnet; 4. a third permanent magnet; 5. a first mounting groove; 6. a second mounting groove; 7. a third mounting groove; 8. and (5) connecting ribs.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 3 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a motor rotor includes a rotor core 1 and first and second permanent magnets 2 and 3 disposed in the rotor core 1, the first permanent magnet 2 is located at a pole center position of a pole where the first permanent magnet 2 is located, the second permanent magnets 3 are disposed at both sides of the first permanent magnet 2, and coercive force of the first permanent magnet 2 is lower than coercive force of the second permanent magnet 3.
When the motor rotor runs at low frequency, the permanent magnet with low coercive force positively magnetizes, so that the counter potential of the motor can be improved, and the low frequency efficiency of the motor can be improved; when the motor operates at high frequency, the permanent magnet with low coercive force is in reverse weak magnetic, so that the counter potential of the motor is reduced, and the high-frequency operation range of the motor is increased. The permanent magnet with lower coercive force can reach different magnetizing states by controlling the magnetizing and demagnetizing current, so that multistage magnetization is realized, magnetization of different degrees is realized at different rotating speeds, the magnetization range of the motor is increased, and the motor can run at an optimal efficiency point at a wider frequency. Because the first permanent magnet 2 with lower coercive force is positioned at the center of the magnetic pole where the first permanent magnet 2 is positioned, the magnetizing and demagnetizing difficulty of the motor can be reduced, and the magnetizing and demagnetizing current of the permanent magnet with lower coercive force can be greatly reduced.
Preferably, the first permanent magnet 2 is rectangular and is in a shape of a Chinese character 'i', and the first permanent magnet 2 is perpendicular to the d axis of the magnetic pole where the first permanent magnet 2 is located, so that the structural design of the first permanent magnet 2 is more reasonable, the volume occupation of the first permanent magnet 2in the radial direction of the rotor is reduced, the permanent magnet dosage of the second permanent magnet 3 with higher coercive force is increased, the torque and the power density of the motor are improved, the magnetizing and demagnetizing current of the motor during magnetic field adjustment is effectively reduced, the magnetizing and demagnetizing difficulty of the motor is reduced, and the real-time synchronous adjustment of the magnetic field inside the motor is realized.
Preferably, a third permanent magnet 4 is further arranged in the rotor core 1, the third permanent magnet 4 is located on one side of the second permanent magnet 3 away from the first permanent magnet 2, and the coercive force of the first permanent magnet 2 is lower than that of the third permanent magnet 4. The third permanent magnet 4 can be matched with the second permanent magnet 2, and the use amount of the high-coercivity permanent magnet is further increased by utilizing the characteristic that the coercivity is higher than that of the first permanent magnet 2, so that the torque and the power density of the motor are improved.
Preferably, the second permanent magnet 3 and the third permanent magnet 4 are arranged in a V shape and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first permanent magnet 2 relative to the d axis, so that the effective volume of the permanent magnet is increased more effectively, the consumption of the high-coercivity permanent magnet is increased, and the torque and the power density of the motor are improved. In addition, the two groups of permanent magnets with higher coercive force are distributed on two sides of the permanent magnet with lower coercive force in a V shape, so that the arrangement size of the permanent magnets can be increased; the permanent magnet with higher outer coercive force is larger in size, the magnetic field can be concentrated to the center of the magnetic pole, the sine degree of the air gap field of the motor is improved, and the torque pulsation of the motor is reduced.
Preferably, the width-to-thickness ratio of the first permanent magnet 2 of each magnetic pole is 1.9-4.6; and/or the width-to-thickness ratio of the second permanent magnet 3 is 1.8-4; and/or the width-to-thickness ratio of the third permanent magnet 4 is 2.8-5.5. The second permanent magnet 3 and the third permanent magnet 4 with higher coercive force are provided with proper width-thickness ratios, so that the dosage of the permanent magnets can be reduced under the condition of ensuring enough magnetic field intensity and anti-demagnetizing capability; the first permanent magnet 2 with lower coercive force is provided with a proper width-thickness ratio, so that the state of the low coercive force permanent magnet is not changed when the motor normally operates, and the working performance of a motor rotor is improved. Each permanent magnet here takes the axial direction of the rotor as the length direction, and in the section of the rotor perpendicular to the axial direction, the extending direction of the longer side of the permanent magnet is the width direction, and the extending direction of the shorter side is the thickness direction.
Preferably, the rotor core 1 is provided with a first mounting groove 5, the first permanent magnet 2 is mounted in the first mounting groove 5, and a minimum distance L between an inner sidewall of the first mounting groove 5 and a central axis of the motor rotor is 0.65 to 0.85R, where R is a radius of an outer circumference of the rotor. The minimum distance between the inner side wall of the first mounting groove 5 where the first permanent magnet 2 with lower coercive force is located and the central axis of the motor rotor is controlled, so that the magnetizing and demagnetizing difficulty can be reduced under the condition that the rotor meets the mechanical strength requirement.
Preferably, the included angle theta 1 between the first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3 is 75 degrees plus pi/(6*p) to 75 degrees plus pi/(2*p); and/or the included angle theta 2 between the second permanent magnet 3 and the third permanent magnet 4 is 30 degrees plus pi/(6*p) to 30 degrees plus pi/(2*p); p is the pole pair number of the motor. The included angle between the permanent magnet with lower coercivity and the adjacent permanent magnet with higher coercivity can influence the state of the permanent magnet with low coercivity in normal operation, the permanent magnet with lower coercivity can be easily demagnetized locally due to the fact that the angle is too small, and the arrangement space of the permanent magnet with higher coercivity can be reduced due to the fact that the angle is large. Therefore, the permanent magnets with higher coercive force can be effectively prevented from generating local demagnetization on the basis of ensuring the arrangement space of the permanent magnets with lower coercive force by proper angle setting, or the local demagnetization generated by the permanent magnets with lower coercive force is reduced. The permanent magnets with higher coercive force are provided with proper included angles, so that the effective volume of the permanent magnets can be effectively increased, and the magnetic density and the power density of the motor are increased.
Preferably, the included angle θ3 between the connecting line of the two outer vertexes of the first mounting groove 5 far from the rotor center and the rotor center is 0.10 pi/p to 0.35 pi/p; p is the pole pair number of the motor. In general, the first mounting groove 5 is a rectangular groove or a trapezoidal groove, and the two outer vertexes herein refer to vertexes located outside in two radial directions of the rectangular groove or the trapezoidal groove. Through selecting the proper central angle between the two outer vertexes of the permanent magnet groove with lower coercive force, the magnetic regulating capability of the motor can be set according to the requirement.
Preferably, the rotor core 1 is further provided with a second mounting groove 6 and a third mounting groove 7, the second permanent magnet 3 is arranged in the second mounting groove 6, the third permanent magnet 4 is arranged in the third mounting groove 7, the second mounting groove 6 and the third mounting groove 7 form a V-shaped groove, the intersection point of the second mounting groove 6 and the third mounting groove 7 positioned at the first side of the first permanent magnet 2 is a first intersection point under each magnetic pole, the intersection point of the second mounting groove 6 and the third mounting groove 7 positioned at the second side of the first permanent magnet 2 is a second intersection point, and an included angle theta 4 between a connecting line of the first intersection point and the rotor center and a connecting line of the second intersection point and the rotor center is 0.4 pi/p-0.7 pi/p; and/or the distance S between the first intersection point and the rotor center is 0.4×r to 0.8×r; p is the pole pair number of the motor, and R is the radius of the outer circle of the rotor.
Preferably, the rotor core 1 is provided with a first mounting slot 5 and a second mounting slot 6, the minimum distance d between the first mounting slot 5 and the second mounting slot 6 being 0-2 δ, wherein δ is the motor single-sided air gap. Because the minimum distance between the first mounting groove 5 and the second mounting groove 6 can influence the running state of the permanent magnet with lower coercivity, the proper d value can avoid the problem that the permanent magnet with higher coercivity has larger influence on the running state of the permanent magnet with lower coercivity and local demagnetization is avoided.
Preferably, between two adjacent magnetic poles, the distance between two adjacent third permanent magnets 4 is 0.65-1.5 times of delta, wherein delta is the unilateral air gap of the motor.
Preferably, a connecting rib 8 is provided between two adjacent magnetic poles and two adjacent third mounting grooves 7, so that the mechanical strength of the motor rotor can be enhanced.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the permanent magnet motor comprises a motor rotor, which is the motor rotor described above.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above advantageous ways can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.

Claims (12)

1. The motor rotor is characterized by comprising a rotor core (1) and a first permanent magnet (2) and a second permanent magnet (3) which are arranged in the rotor core (1), wherein the first permanent magnet (2) is positioned at the center of a magnetic pole where the first permanent magnet (2) is positioned, the second permanent magnets (3) are arranged on two sides of the first permanent magnet (2), and the coercive force of the first permanent magnet (2) is lower than that of the second permanent magnet (3);
a third permanent magnet (4) is also arranged in the rotor core (1);
The rotor core (1) is provided with a second mounting groove (6) and a third mounting groove (7), the second permanent magnet (3) is arranged in the second mounting groove (6), the third permanent magnet (4) is arranged in the third mounting groove (7), the second mounting groove (6) and the third mounting groove (7) form a V-shaped groove, under each magnetic pole, the intersection point of the second mounting groove (6) positioned at the first side of the first permanent magnet (2) and the third mounting groove (7) is a first intersection point, the intersection point of the second mounting groove (6) positioned at the second side of the first permanent magnet (2) and the third mounting groove (7) is a second intersection point, and an included angle theta 4 between a connecting line of the first intersection point and a rotor center and a connecting line of the second intersection point and the rotor center is 0.4 pi/p-0.7 pi/p; and/or, the distance S between the first intersection point and the rotor center is 0.4 to 0.8 r; p is the pole pair number of the motor, and R is the radius of the outer circle of the rotor.
2. The motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the first permanent magnet (2) is rectangular and the first permanent magnet (2) is perpendicular to the d-axis of the pole where the first permanent magnet (2) is located.
3. The electric motor rotor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the third permanent magnet (4) is located at a side of the second permanent magnet (3) remote from the first permanent magnet (2), the coercivity of the first permanent magnet (2) being lower than the coercivity of the third permanent magnet (4).
4. A motor rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that the second permanent magnets (3) and the third permanent magnets (4) are arranged in a V-shape and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first permanent magnets (2) with respect to the d-axis.
5. A motor rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that the aspect ratio of the first permanent magnet (2) of each pole is 1.9-4.6; and/or the width-to-thickness ratio of the second permanent magnet (3) is 1.8-4; and/or the width-to-thickness ratio of the third permanent magnet (4) is 2.8-5.5.
6. The motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor core (1) is provided with a first mounting groove (5), the first permanent magnet (2) is mounted in the first mounting groove (5), and the minimum distance L between the inner side wall of the first mounting groove (5) and the central axis of the motor rotor is 0.65-0.85R, wherein R is the rotor outer circle radius.
7. The electric motor rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that the angle θ1 between the first permanent magnet (2) and the second permanent magnet (3) is 75 ° +pi/(6*p) to 75 ° +pi/(2*p); and/or the included angle theta 2 between the second permanent magnet (3) and the third permanent magnet (4) is 30 degrees plus pi/(6*p) to 30 degrees plus pi/(2*p); p is the pole pair number of the motor.
8. The electric motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor core (1) is provided with a first mounting slot (5), the first permanent magnet (2) being mounted in the first mounting slot (5), the angle θ3 between the two outer vertices of the first mounting slot (5) remote from the rotor center and the line connecting the rotor center being 0.10-0.35 pi/p; p is the pole pair number of the motor.
9. The motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor core (1) is provided with a first mounting slot (5) and a second mounting slot (6), the first permanent magnet (2) is mounted in the first mounting slot (5), the second permanent magnet (3) is mounted in the second mounting slot (6), and the minimum distance d between the first mounting slot (5) and the second mounting slot (6) is 0-2 δ, wherein δ is a motor unilateral air gap.
10. A motor rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that between two adjacent poles the distance between two adjacent third permanent magnets (4) is 0.65-1.5 times δ, wherein δ is the motor single-sided air gap.
11. A motor rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotor core (1) is provided with a third mounting groove (7), the third permanent magnet (4) is arranged in the third mounting groove (7), and a connecting rib (8) is arranged between two adjacent third mounting grooves (7) between two adjacent magnetic poles.
12. A permanent magnet electric machine comprising a machine rotor, characterized in that the machine rotor is a machine rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
CN201711388521.9A 2017-12-21 2017-12-21 Motor rotor and permanent magnet motor Active CN107968501B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN107968501B true CN107968501B (en) 2024-04-23

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111030339B (en) * 2019-12-16 2022-01-28 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Electric motor rotor and alternating-pole electric motor
WO2021217671A1 (en) * 2020-04-30 2021-11-04 华为技术有限公司 Rotor, permanent magnet motor, motor driving system and vehicle
CN111463940B (en) * 2020-06-19 2020-11-06 宁波海特技术转移有限公司 Built-in magnet steel permanent magnet motor rotor, motor and vehicle
CN112072811B (en) * 2020-08-03 2022-03-08 东南大学 Embedded-permanent magnet reluctance type mixed magnetic pole type memory motor
CN114123572B (en) * 2021-11-12 2023-01-31 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Variable flux permanent magnet motor rotor and variable flux permanent magnet motor

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012023855A (en) * 2010-07-14 2012-02-02 Toyota Industries Corp Permanent magnet embedded rotor and rotary electric machine
CN103036323A (en) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-10 株式会社东芝 Permanent magnet and motor and generator using the same
CN205377491U (en) * 2015-12-29 2016-07-06 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 Electric motor rotor and permanent -magnet machine
CN207782525U (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-08-28 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Rotor and magneto

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012023855A (en) * 2010-07-14 2012-02-02 Toyota Industries Corp Permanent magnet embedded rotor and rotary electric machine
CN103036323A (en) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-10 株式会社东芝 Permanent magnet and motor and generator using the same
CN205377491U (en) * 2015-12-29 2016-07-06 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 Electric motor rotor and permanent -magnet machine
CN207782525U (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-08-28 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Rotor and magneto

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