CN107966614A - A kind of circuit and its application - Google Patents

A kind of circuit and its application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107966614A
CN107966614A CN201711110824.4A CN201711110824A CN107966614A CN 107966614 A CN107966614 A CN 107966614A CN 201711110824 A CN201711110824 A CN 201711110824A CN 107966614 A CN107966614 A CN 107966614A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
circuit
power supply
power supplys
tie point
electrical appliance
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CN201711110824.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张庄禹
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN201711110824.4A priority Critical patent/CN107966614A/en
Publication of CN107966614A publication Critical patent/CN107966614A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of circuit, including two power supplys, two single-pole single-throw switch (SPST)s and two electrical appliances, two power supplys, a single-pole single-throw switch (SPST), two electrical appliances and a single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) is sequentially connected in series, two power supplys are connected the opposite polarity of a pole, short circuit between the tie point of two power supplys and the tie point of two electrical appliances.The present invention can energy-saving safe guarantee really electric appliance autonomous working, reduce common portion current strength, give local electrical appliance boosting.

Description

A kind of circuit and its application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit, particularly one kind can complete that work is independent of each other, to reduce common portion electric at the same time Intensity of flow, the circuit to the boosting of local electrical appliance.
Background technology
For the work that can be independent of each other using electric appliance, existing method is that they are connected in parallel or are respectively put into In two circuits.The former can cause the electrical appliance current strength on circuit main line is excessive to add dangerous and thermal losses；The latter Can cause has most of parts to leave unused not in two circuits works, adds thermal losses.
In order to which to the electrical appliance boosting in DC circuit, existing method is to use DC boosting transformer.It is but this Instrument itself is sufficiently expensive, and principle is complicated, dangerous not low.
The overload work of electrical appliance in order to prevent, existing method are to use fusible link, air switch or earth leakage protective device. But these devices can only prevent the summation of the current strength of all electrical appliance entirety to be no more than some limiting value, can only protect The overall electrical appliance with main line of circuit, local electrical appliance still have the risk being burned by overload.And existing device exists Open circuit has delay during overload.
In order to measure the resistance value of resistance and the available voltage of power supply, existing method is directly carried out using various instrument Measurement.But the numerical value measured in this way can be inaccurate because of the internal resistance of various instrument, even if part instrument measurement is accurate But it is affected by magnetic fields it is big, overload capacity is poor (such as electrodynamic type meter), or even the scale of some instrument is uneven, influences reading.
In order to expand the range of ammeter temporarily, existing method is by a resistance and the ammeter serial or parallel connection, that is, is changed Fill this ammeter；Or by adjusting the zeroing knob range extension of ammeter lower end.The former can make it that the data of measurement are not true Data, it is necessary to further calculate, and the resistance value of fixed value resistance may be variant with the resistance value of calibration；The latter is easily damaged ammeter And simply more one or two of the scale division value of widened range.
The leakage of information passed in order to prevent using fax, existing method are carried out from outside, and this method does not have Preventing for substance is carried out from electricity itself, the information passed using fax still has compromised risk.
In order to allow electrical appliance to be differed in each instantaneous partial pressure, not this technology now.
In order to manufacture an equivalent AC power, existing method when no AC power, only DC power supply It is that two DC power supplies are connected in parallel, controls them to be respectively connected to circuit with single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT).But since hilted broadsword is double The plug-in strip of throw switch is rotating around a bit, therefore manufactured equivalent AC supply frequency is too small.
A kind of in conclusion equal Shortcomings of the solution of various circuits, and without device or method in the prior art It can solve the above problems at the same time.
The content of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of circuit, can energy-saving safe electric appliance of guaranteeing really it is only Vertical work, reduces common portion current strength, boosts to local electrical appliance.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Including two power supplys, two single-pole single-throw switch (SPST)s With two electrical appliances, described two power supplys, a single-pole single-throw switch (SPST), two electrical appliances and a single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) are successively Concatenation, two power supplys are connected the opposite polarity of a pole, short circuit between the tie point of two power supplys and the tie point of two electrical appliances； Then when two single-pole single-throw switch (SPST)s are closed at, the work of two electrical appliances is independent of each other.
The electrical appliance replaces with each electricity consumption of the electrical appliance, then the tie point both sides of two power supplys of several concatenations The work of device is independent of each other.
Electrical appliance is accessed between the tie point of the tie point of described two power supplys and two electrical appliances, then two concatenated The work of electrical appliance influences each other.
The present invention also provides a kind of resistance measuring circuit using foregoing circuit, concatenates and treats between the two poles of the earth of a power supply Measuring resistance and slide rheostat R1, R1 both ends a potentiometer in parallel, concatenated between the two poles of the earth of another power supply galvanometer and Slide rheostat R2, sensitive electric current is accessed between the tie point and slide rheostat R1 and the tie point of galvanometer of two power supplys Meter, adjusts slide rheostat R first2Slide head make it that the registration of sensitive galvanometer G is 0 μ A, record ammeter A and electricity at this time The registration for pressing Table V is I1With U1；Mobile slide rheostat R1Slide head, adjust slide rheostat R2Slide head cause it is sensitive The registration of galvanometer G is 0 μ A again, and the registration of ammeter A and voltmeter V are I to record at this time2With U2, then the resistance value of circuit under test R0=(U2-U1)÷(I1-I2)。
The present invention also provides a kind of overload protective device using foregoing circuit, the tie points of two power supplys pass through concatenation one Number electromagnet coil connects another pole of one of power supply with slide rheostat, as protection circuit；Another power supply it is another One pole connects No. two electromagnet coils or permanent magnet and conductor, and as operating circuit, described No. two electromagnet or permanent magnet exist Moved under the action of the No.1 electromagnet, and then No.1 electromagnet coil is contacted with moving-conductor；Operating circuit cannot normal work When making, No.1 electromagnet no longer attracts No. two electromagnet or permanent magnet, and conductor departs from No.1 electromagnetism iron wire under the action of the spring Circle；Described two power supplys are DC power supply, are AC power or are one DC power supply of an AC power, an exchange DC power supply connects protective loop during one DC power supply of power supply.
The present invention also provides a kind of increasing apparatus using foregoing circuit, the tie point of two power supplys and two electrical appliances A slide rheostat is accessed between tie point, controls the boosting of electrical appliance.
The present invention also provides a kind of device of the DC power supply AC power using foregoing circuit, including a resistance Disk, there is the mutually independent resistance of even number on the resistance disk, and the resistance value of two neighboring resistance is different, is spaced resistance Two resistances are identical, and resistance disk rotates under motor driving, the tie point of two DC power supplies and one of direct current Each resistance of resistance disk is connected between another pole in source one by one so that produced between the tie point and resistance disk of two DC power supplies Raw alternating current.
The present invention also provides a kind of fax using foregoing circuit to pass information leakage preventing circuit, passs at 2 points of information in fax Between and connect a DC power supply circuit, can prevent that the information using electric current transmission is compromised.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The multiple electrical appliances provided using the present invention, which are worked at the same time, does not influence mutually the dangerous reduction section of current strength reduction The method of material saving can be effectively reduced the size of current strength；
The method for the voltage that the accurate measurement resistance provided using the present invention is provided with power supply can accurately measure resistance The voltage provided with power supply；
The overload protective device made using the present invention can soon the open circuit in overload, the overload used in experiment be indicated Lamp does not work all the time, most can complete open circuit at 0.03 second or so soon；
The total voltage at electrical appliance both ends can be brought up to power supply and carried by the DC power supply increasing apparatus made using the present invention Nearly twice of the voltage of confession；
The summation of the two values for the instantaneous transformation of the instantaneous potential device of AC power made using the present invention is equal to power supply Twice of the voltage of offer；
The range of ammeter can be expanded to original by the apparatus and method of the expansion ammeter range provided using the present invention Twice or so, while do not change measurement accuracy；
The apparatus and method with DC power supply AC power provided using the present invention can make a maximum of about of 100Hz's Alternating current, its frequency depend on the number of ports of the rotating speed and resistance disk of the motor used；
The method of the leakage of information for preventing from passing by fax provided using the present invention can be effective in anti-eavesdrop experiment Ground prevents the leakage for the information passed by fax.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the basic circuit diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the expanded circuit figure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is two different circuits being simultaneously operable；
Fig. 4 is that two circuits are combined into a big circuit in DC power supply；
Fig. 5 is that two circuits are combined into a big circuit in the mains supply；
Fig. 6 is that two circuits are combined into a big circuit in home circuit；
Fig. 7 is the method figure for the voltage that accurate measurement resistance is provided with power supply；
Fig. 8 is DC power supply Single electromagnet overload protective device；
Fig. 9 is AC power DC constant current power supply Single electromagnet overload protective device；
Figure 10 is AC power AC constant-current source Single electromagnet overload protective device；
Figure 11 is the DC constant current power supply Single electromagnet overload protective device in home circuit；
Figure 12 is the AC constant-current source Single electromagnet overload protective device in home circuit；
Figure 13 is double electromagnet overload protective device；
Figure 14 is the double electromagnet overload protective device in home circuit；
Figure 15 is DC power supply increasing apparatus；
Figure 16 is the instantaneous potential device in AC power；
Figure 17 is the instantaneous potential device in home circuit；
Figure 18 be expand have the DC ammeter of negative quantity journey, sensitive galvanometer range device；
Figure 19 is the device for the range for expanding the DC meter for having negative quantity journey；
Figure 20 is the method figure for expanding AC and DC ammeter and sensitive galvanometer range under the auxiliary of DC power supply；
Figure 21 is the method figure for expanding AC and DC ammeter and sensitive galvanometer range under the auxiliary of AC power；
Figure 22 is the device of two dc power supply AC power；
Figure 23 is the existing schematic diagram that information is passed by fax；
Figure 24 is the method figure of leakage of information for preventing from passing by fax.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and the present invention includes but are not limited to following implementations Example.
The present invention, by marking-up counterclockwise mother since the lower left corner of this primary Ioops, remembers this using the circuit of a rectangle Four endpoints of rectangular-shaped loops are respectively c, f, e, b, then remember that p is that a bit (being overlapped not with c, f), a between point c, f is point at 2 points B, a bit (being overlapped for 2 points not with b, e) between e.Ap is connected, accesses DC power supply E at 2 points between c, p1, wherein direction point p For power supply E1Cathode；Access DC power supply E at 2 points between f, p2, wherein that direction point p is power supply E2Anode.In point b, c Between access single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) S1；Single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) S is accessed between point e, f2.Electrical appliance P is accessed between point b, a1, point E, electrical appliance P is accessed between a2。
After being barricaded as above-mentioned circuit, closure switch S1, note is at this time I by the current strength in the apcb of circuit1Ampere；It is disconnected Switch S1, closure switch S2, note is at this time I by the current strength in the apfe of circuit2Ampere；It is closed at switch S1、S2, note Equal by the current strength of conducting wire pc, cb, ba at this time is I1', it is equal by the current strength of conducting wire pf, fe, ea at this time to be I2', the current strength by conducting wire ap is I.According to above-mentioned notation, there are following phenomenon：
I1=I1'；I2=I2'；I=| I1-I2|=| I1'-I2'|；
Then when not having electrical appliance on conducting wire ap (common portion of circuit apcb and circuit apfe), it is closed at switching S1、S2Electrical appliance P afterwards1、P2Work be independent of each other, and pass through on conducting wire ap (common portion of circuit apcb and circuit apfe) The current strength (hereafter be referred to as close current strength) that acts actual to conducting wire ap be electric current by conducting wire pc, cb, ba The absolute value of the difference of intensity and the current strength for passing through conducting wire pf, fe, ea.What is passed through at this time on conducting wire ap is bidirectional current.
In above-mentioned circuit, (common portion of circuit apcb and circuit apfe) the one new use of access on conducting wire ap Electric appliance P3, then still remain：Conjunction current strength by conducting wire ap be by the current strength of conducting wire pc, cb, ba with by leading The absolute value of the difference of the current strength of line pf, fe, ea, but electrical appliance P at this time1、P2Work influence each other, but lead at this time What is passed through on line ap is still bidirectional current.Remember electrical appliance P at this time1、P2、P3The voltage at both ends is respectively U1、U2、U3, power supply E1、E2 Available voltage is UE1、UE2, exist：UE1=U1+U3；UE2=| U2-U3|；Then (circuit apcb and circuit apfe on conducting wire ap Common portion) electrical appliance virtual voltage be equal to any circuit in (circuit apcb or circuit apfe) power supply provide electricity The absolute value of the difference of the total voltage of the electrical appliance of pressure and non-common parts；
In upper circuit, by the current strength of conducting wire pc, cb, ba with being referred to as by the current strength of conducting wire pf, fe, ea Point current strength, then produce in the circuit where the power supply of larger point current strength and remove conducting wire ap (circuit apcb and circuit The common portion of apfe) the sum of outer all electrical appliance voltages are less than the voltage that the power supply provides, it is strong to produce less point of electric current All electrical appliance voltages in circuit where the power supply of degree in addition to conducting wire ap (common portion of circuit apcb and circuit apfe) The sum of be more than the power supply provide voltage；
The device of various uses can be made using foregoing circuit and its property, the method for providing various different purposes：
Using conducting wire ap in the foregoing circuit common portion of circuit apfe (circuit apcb with) pass through be bidirectional current this One property is with when not having electrical appliance on conducting wire ap, being closed at switch S1、S2Electrical appliance P afterwards1、P2Work be independent of each other this One property, which can provide multiple electrical appliances and work at the same time, not to be influenced mutually and current strength reduces dangerous reduce and saves material The method for the voltage that method and accurate measurement resistance are provided with power supply；
Utilize the conjunction current strength passed through on conducting wire ap in foregoing circuit (common portion of circuit apcb and circuit apfe) Equal to the absolute value of point current strength by conducting wire pc, cb, ba and the difference for dividing current strength by conducting wire pf, fe, ea this One property, can make overload protective device, provide the method for the leakage of information for preventing passing by fax, expand the dress of ammeter range Put and method, the apparatus and method with DC power supply AC power；
Using removing conducting wire ap (circuit apcb in the circuit where the power supply that larger point current strength is produced in foregoing circuit With the common portion of circuit apfe) the sum of outer all electrical appliance voltages are less than the voltage that the power supply provides, produce less point All electricity consumptions in circuit where the power supply of current strength in addition to conducting wire ap (common portion of circuit apcb and circuit apfe) The sum of device voltage is more than the voltage that the power supply provides, and conducting wire ap on the common portion of circuit apfe (circuit apcb and) electricity consumption The virtual voltage of device is equal to voltage and the non-common parts that the power supply of (circuit apcb or circuit apfe) in any circuit provides This property of the absolute value of the difference of the total voltage of electrical appliance, can make DC power supply increasing apparatus and the instantaneous transformation of AC power Device.
Referring to Fig. 1, this is basic circuit of the invention；Fig. 2 is the extension of the basic circuit of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 3, there is the circuit of two normal works, remember circuit a in Fig. 31p1The current strength passed through in cb is I1, return Road a2p2The current strength passed through in fe is I2.The two circuits are first combined into a big circuit, referring to Fig. 4.Then in Fig. 4, because For no electrical appliance on conducting wire ap, therefore the work of all electrical appliances on the apcb of circuit and all electrical appliances on the apfe of circuit is mutual Do not influence and normal partial pressure, the current strength I passed through on conducting wire ap compares I1、I2In it is at least one it is small (I=| I1-I2|), because There is micro resistance for conducting wire, conductor has larger resistance, therefore current strength is small, the heat that must be produced by Joule-Lenz's law Few, thermal losses is few, efficient, reduces danger, while also save material.This is also applied to alternating current circuit In, referring to Fig. 5, wherein should be at the same time by A to B or at the same time by B to A by the current direction of two AC powers.This should also Use in home circuit, referring to Fig. 6.
In order to accurately measure resistance R0Resistance value and power supply E voltage, designing measuring circuit is referring to Fig. 7.Variable resistance will be slided Device R1Slide head P push optional position, adjust slide rheostat R2Slide head make it that the registration of sensitive galvanometer G is 0 μ A, The registration of ammeter A and voltmeter V are I to record at this time1With U1；Slide rheostat R is moved again1Slide head P, adjust slide Rheostat R2Slide head make it that the registration of sensitive galvanometer G is 0 μ A again, the record registration of ammeter A and voltmeter V at this time For I2With U2, then have at this time：
UE=U1+R0I1——①
UE=U2+R0I2——②
Because U1、U2、I1、I2Be known quantity, can be considered constant, have 1., 2. two formula, solve：
R0=(U2-U1)÷(I1-I2)；UE=(U2I1-U1I2)÷(I1-I2)
Wherein power supply E1、E2Also it can be AC power respectively, answer one to flow to node by the current direction of two power supplys P, an outflow node p.
DC power supply Single electromagnet overload protective device is designed, referring to Fig. 8.P is a conductive contact, T be a N poles to the right Permanent magnet, S are an electromagnet, and d is a fixed point, Q be one be connected with permanent magnet T can be around the fixed point rotating conductors of d.Closure Switch S1、S2, (it can manually cause conductor Q with electric shock p-contact as conductor Q and electric shock p-contact or utilize spring N), electricity Source E1The circuit bcdpQa at place is operating circuit, power supply E2The circuit apfge at place (also may be used for protection circuit in protection circuit To access some electrical appliances).Wherein protect the power supply E in circuit2For constant-current source.Protect to slide beforehand through adjusting in circuit and become The equal current strength that resistance value in resistance device R access circuits to pass through in conducting wire pf, fg, ge, ea is I, remembers operating circuit In each electrical appliance normal work when the current strength that passes through be I ', can be at most I by the current strength of operating circuit1(work as I’≥I1When just have the risk for burning out electrical appliance)；Then by adjusting resistance value I≤I in slide rheostat R access circuits1。 There is I ' when operating circuit works normally<I1, at this time electromagnet S attract permanent magnet T；When operating circuit irregular working (is used Electric appliance has the risk being burned) when, then I ' >=I1>=I, at this moment electromagnet S will not attract or repel permanent magnet T, then conductor at this time Q will rotate counterclockwise such that conductor Q leaves contact p so as to cut off operating circuit, because of the electromagnetism iron resistance on conducting wire ap around fixed point p It is minimum, therefore operating circuit is with protecting the partial pressure of circuit to be independent of each other with work.A weight G can be connected in permanent magnet T left ends To realize more insurance, faster open circuit.
Permanent magnet T is readily modified as an iron plate, because iron plate is magnetized for a long time when circuit works normally, and permanent magnet T has identical effect.
Design communication power supply DC constant current power supply Single electromagnet overload protective device, referring to Fig. 9.P is a conductive contact, and T is one The permanent magnet of a N poles to the right, S are an electromagnet, and d is a fixed point, Q be one be connected with permanent magnet T can be around fixed point d rotations Conductor.Closure switch S1、S2, (can be manually so that conductor Q and electric shock p-contact or profit as conductor Q and electric shock p-contact With spring N), power supply E1The circuit bcdpQa at place is operating circuit, power supply E2The circuit apfge at place is protection circuit (protection Some electrical appliances can also be accessed in circuit).Wherein protect the power supply E in circuit2For constant-current source.Then protect and lead in advance in circuit The resistance value in slide rheostat R access circuits is overregulated so that the current strength passed through in conducting wire pf, fg, ge, ea is equal is I, remember the current strength passed through during each electrical appliance normal work in operating circuit be I ', at most can be strong by the electric current of operating circuit Spend for I1(i.e. I ' >=I1When just have the risk for burning out electrical appliance)；The resistance value then accessed by adjusting slide rheostat R in circuit makes Obtain I≤I1.There is I ' when operating circuit works normally<I1, at this time electromagnet S attract permanent magnet T always；When operating circuit not just Often during work (i.e. electrical appliance has the risk being burned), then I ' >=I1>=I, at this moment electromagnet S there is a flash will not attract or arrange eventually Denounce permanent magnet T, then conductor Q will rotate counterclockwise such that conductor Q leaves contact p so as to cut off operating circuit around fixed point d at this time.Cause Electromagnetism iron resistance on conducting wire ap is minimum, therefore operating circuit is with protecting the partial pressure of circuit to be independent of each other with work.Can be in permanent magnetism Body T left ends connect a weight G to realize more insurance, faster open circuit.Similarly design communication capable AC constant-current source list Electromagnet overload protective device, referring to Figure 10, wherein should by A to B or at the same time at the same time by the current directions of two AC powers By B to A.Apply in home circuit referring to Figure 11 and Figure 12.
Double electromagnet overload protective device is designed, referring to Figure 13.P is a conductive contact, and d is one group of roller, and Q is one and electricity The conductor that can be moved along roller d of magnet T connections.Closure switch S1、S2, (hand can be passed through as conductor Q and electric shock p-contact It is dynamic to cause conductor Q with electric shock p-contact or utilize spring N1、N2), power supply E1The circuit abcp at place is operating circuit, power supply E2Institute Circuit aefgTp be protection circuit (protection circuit in can also access some electrical appliances), T is one protected in circuit Electromagnet, S are operating circuits and protect an electromagnet of the common portion (conducting wire ap) of circuit, wherein spring N2Elasticity not Can be too strong.Cause in protection circuit beforehand through the resistance value adjusted in slide rheostat R access circuits in conducting wire ae, ef, fg, gp The equal current strength passed through is I, and it is I ', at most to remember the current strength passed through during each electrical appliance normal work in operating circuit Can be I by the current strength of operating circuit1(i.e. I ' >=I1When just have the risk for burning out electrical appliance)；Then become by adjusting to slide Resistance value in resistance device R access circuits causes I≤0.5I1.If by the current direction of two power supplys at the same time by A to B or at the same time by B To A, then the direction of the N poles of electromagnet T is identical with the N extreme directions of electromagnet S during normal work all the time, then when operating circuit is normal There is I ' during work<I1, at this time electromagnet S attract electromagnet T；Work as I ' >=0.5I1During >=I, electromagnet T will attract electromagnet S；When During operating circuit irregular working (i.e. electrical appliance has the risk being burned), then I ' >=I1>=2I, the then magnetism of electromagnet S at this time Disappear or the N poles of N poles and electromagnet T will be on the contrary, at this moment electromagnet T will not attract or repel electromagnet S, then at this time conductor Q by edge Roller d to left movement so that conductor Q leaves contact p so as to cut off operating circuit (conducting wire gf is scalable).
Because the electromagnetism iron resistance on conducting wire ap is minimum, therefore the partial pressure of operating circuit and protection circuit is independent of each other with work, A weight G can also be connected in permanent magnet T left ends to realize more insurance, faster open circuit.Protect the power supply E in circuit2 For constant-current source.Wherein, whether DC power supply or AC power, pass through two power supply E1、E2Current direction should at the same time by A to B or at the same time by B to A.Apply in home circuit referring to Figure 14.
DC power supply increasing apparatus is designed, referring to Figure 15.Remember power supply E1、E2The voltage of offer is respectively UE1、UE2, electrical appliance P1、P2、P3The voltage at both ends is respectively UP1、UP2、UP3, remember and pass through electrical appliance P1Current strength be I1, pass through electrical appliance P2Electricity Intensity of flow is I2, pass through electrical appliance P3Current strength be I.Closure switch S1、S2、S3, work as I1>I2When, electric current is closed in conducting wire ab The direction of intensity is by a to b, then has：UP1+UP3=UE1；UP2-UP3=UE2；UP2=UE1+UE2-UP1；Then electrical appliance P at this time2 The voltage U at both endsP2Than power supply E2The voltage U of offerE2It is much bigger, therefore this can be utilized to boost to electrical appliance.Can electrical appliance P3(i.e. For slide rheostat) to control electrical appliance P2Partial pressure.
Instantaneous potential device in design communication power supply, referring to Figure 16.Wherein pass through the current direction of two AC powers Should be at the same time by A to B or at the same time by B to A.The conjunction sense of current that then conducting wire ab passes through at this time is changing, therefore is remembered Power supply E1、E2The voltage of offer is respectively UE1、UE2, electrical appliance P1、P2、P3The voltage at both ends is respectively UP1、UP2、UP3, note passes through Electrical appliance P1Current strength be I1, pass through electrical appliance P2Current strength be I2, pass through electrical appliance P3Current strength be I；Then Only UP3It is invariable, UP1、UP2Alternately change, remember that the two magnitudes of voltage alternately changed are respectively Ua、Ub, then Ua+Ub =U1+U2.Can be with electrical appliance P3(be slide rheostat) is to control electrical appliance P1、P2Instantaneous partial pressure.Design in home circuit Instantaneous potential device, referring to Figure 17.
Design expands the device of the range for the DC meter for having negative quantity journey referring to Figure 18, Figure 19.What is be in closed circuit opens Before pass, the m ends of the device as shown in Figure 18, Figure 19 can be connected on the negative terminal of ammeter, its n end is connected on electric current On the positive terminal of table, by adjust the resistance box R ' in slide rheostat R or Figure 19 in Figure 18 access circuit resistance value with So that the pointer of ammeter refers on the minimum scale of its negative quantity journey ,-I is denoted as, the switch in primary circuit is reclosed at this time, remembers this When ammeter A registration be I ', then be that (I+I ') pacifies by the real current strength in primary circuit.For sensitive galvanometer G Same method can also be used.Similarly, the m ends of device as shown in figure 19 can be connected on the negative terminal of voltmeter, Its n end is connected on the positive terminal of voltmeter, the resistance value that circuit is accessed by adjusting the resistance box R ' in Figure 19 (slides variable resistance Device resistance value is too small) so that the pointer of voltmeter refers on the minimum scale of its negative quantity journey ,-U is denoted as, recloses primary circuit at this time In switch, the registration of note voltmeter at this time be U ', then the virtual voltage at the electrical appliance both ends of voltmeter measurement is (U+U ') volt.
Design expands the method figure of DC ammeter and direct current sensitive galvanometer range, referring to Figure 20.Remember direct current in figure Flow table A, A1Registration be respectively I, I1, then it is I '=I+I by the current strength passed through in the circuit where power supply E1.With Referring to Figure 21, then pass through two AC powers E, E at this time on sensitive galvanometer with exchanging to alternating current ammeter ' current direction should Should be at the same time by A to B or at the same time by B to A.Remember alternating current Table A, A in figure1Registration be respectively I, I1, then by where power supply E Circuit in the current strength that passes through be I '=I+I1.Applying on sensitive galvanometer has identical way.
The device of two dc power supply AC power is designed, referring to Figure 22.Closure switch S1、S2, at this time in the apcb of circuit Electric motor normal working drives the pointer rotation on the resistance disk R in the apfe of circuit.In wherein resistance disk R, the odd numbers such as 1,3,5,7 The resistance value at place is all mutually R1；2nd, the resistance value at the even numbers such as 4,6,8 is all mutually R2(make R1<R2).Remember power supply E1、E2The electricity of offer Pressure is respectively UE1、UE2, the Coil resistance of motor M is r so that passes through the current strength I=U of conducting wire apE1÷(r+R’)-UE2 ÷R2=UE2÷R1-UE1÷ (r+R '), i.e. 2UE1÷ (r+R ')=UE2÷R2+UE2÷R1.This on conducting wire ap equivalent to having passed through friendship Galvanic electricity, rotating speed of its frequency depending on motor M and the small resistor number in resistance disk R.It is required that：There must be idol in resistance disk R Several small resistors.
Referring to Figure 23, this figure is the existing schematic diagram that information is passed by fax.Design prevents the information passed by fax The method figure of leakage, referring to Figure 24.When passing through electric current at A to transmission information at B, one can be placed at A and between B Detector verifies its current strength I and frequency.Therefore, this mode is improved, a DC power supply circuit is accessed beside it and (is utilized AC power can then calculate this numerical value), the current strength that note passes through this primary Ioops is I '.Then at this time in the conducting wire between AB Current strength be (I-I ') A, but information is still normally transmitted, the current strength that detector is verified at this time and actual transfer information Current strength it is different.This can prevent compromised (such as anti-eavesdrop etc.) using the information of electric current transmission.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of increasing apparatus, including two power supplys, two single-pole single-throw switch (SPST)s and two electrical appliances, it is characterised in that：It is described Two power supplys, a single-pole single-throw switch (SPST), two electrical appliances and a single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) be sequentially connected in series, two power supplys are connected The opposite polarity of one pole, short circuit between the tie point of two power supplys and the tie point of two electrical appliances；The tie point of two power supplys A slide rheostat is accessed between the tie point of two electrical appliances, controls the boosting of electrical appliance.
A kind of 2. resistance measuring circuit using circuit described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Between the two poles of the earth of a power supply Testing resistance and slide rheostat R1, R1 both ends a potentiometer in parallel are concatenated, electricity is concatenated between the two poles of the earth of another power supply Flowmeter and slide rheostat R2, access spirit between the tie point and slide rheostat R1 and the tie point of galvanometer of two power supplys Quick galvanometer, adjusts slide rheostat R first2Slide head make it that the registration of sensitive galvanometer G is 0 μ A, record electric current at this time The registration of Table A and voltmeter V are I1With U1；Mobile slide rheostat R1Slide head, adjust slide rheostat R2Slide head make The registration for obtaining sensitive galvanometer G is 0 μ A again, and the registration of ammeter A and voltmeter V are I to record at this time2With U2, then circuit under test Resistance value R0=(U2-U1)÷(I1-I2)。
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Application publication date: 20180427