CN107964428A - 一种乙醇柴油 - Google Patents

一种乙醇柴油 Download PDF

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CN107964428A
CN107964428A CN201711200608.9A CN201711200608A CN107964428A CN 107964428 A CN107964428 A CN 107964428A CN 201711200608 A CN201711200608 A CN 201711200608A CN 107964428 A CN107964428 A CN 107964428A
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ethanol
diesel fuel
ethyl acetate
emulsifying agent
diesel oil
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蒙呈星
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Guangxi Fengtai Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Guangxi Fengtai Energy Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/12—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the cetane number
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/18—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes use of detergents or dispersants for purposes not provided for in groups C10L10/02 - C10L10/16
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
    • C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10L1/1826—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms poly-hydroxy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种乙醇柴油，按重量百分比计，其组成为：乙醇10‑15％；乳化剂5‑8％，由司盘80和吐温80按2：3的重量比组成；乙酸乙酯3‑6％；余量为0#柴油。本发明通过合理设计各组分的配比，特别是将亲油性乳化剂和亲水性乳化剂按特殊配比复配成乳化剂，再以乙酸乙酯为助溶剂，使柴油和乙醇等组分之间充分乳化，从而使所得成品的相离温度达‑1至‑2℃，同时具有较好的燃烧效率(十六烷值达60以上)。

Description

一种乙醇柴油
技术领域
本发明涉及机动车使用的燃料柴油，具体涉及一种乙醇柴油。
背景技术
柴油是重型运输机械、农用机械和工程机械的主要燃料，但是由于柴油机碳烟和NOx排放较高，柴油机的发展受到越来越严格的环保法规的制约。设计和使用清洁燃料是降低柴油机碳烟和NOx排放的有效技术措施之一。
近年来，可再生清洁能源的开发利用越来越受到重视，国内外对乙醇柴油应用进行了大量研究，主要体现在乙醇柴油的使用特性、燃烧特性、燃油经济性和排放特性，在供油时间与乙醇含量变化对发动机性能的交互影响方面也进行了一些研究。研究中发现，燃用乙醇与柴油混合构成的乙醇柴油，会出现低温相分离等不稳定现象，影响乙醇柴油的使用，而这极大的制约了乙醇柴油的推广。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种相分离温度较低且燃烧效率较好的乙醇柴油。
本发明所述的乙醇柴油，按重量百分比计，其组成为：
乙醇10-15％；
乳化剂5-8％，由司盘80和吐温80按2：3的重量比组成；
乙酸乙酯3-6％；
余量为0#柴油。
上述技术方案中各组分的重量百分比优选为：
乙醇10-12％；
乳化剂6-8％；
乙酸乙酯4-5％；
余量为0#柴油。
上述技术方案中最佳的各组分的重量百分比为：
乙醇10％；
乳化剂6％；
乙酸乙酯4％；
余量为0#柴油。
本发明所述乙醇柴油的制备方法与现有技术相同，具体可以按以下方法进行制备：将乙醇、0#柴油、乳化剂和乙酸乙酯依次加入到反应釜中，搅拌30-40min，过滤，即得。
与现有技术相比，本发明的特点在于：合理设计各组分的配比，特别是将亲油性乳化剂和亲水性乳化剂按特殊配比复配成乳化剂，再以乙酸乙酯为助溶剂，使柴油和乙醇等组分之间充分乳化，从而使所得成品具有很好的稳定性(相离温度为-2至-1℃)，同时具有较好的燃烧效率(十六烷值达60以上)。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详述,以更好地理解本发明的内容,但本发明并不限于以下实施例。
以下各实施例中所述的百分比均为重量百分比。
以下各实施例所述乙醇柴油的制备方法为：将乙醇、0#柴油、乳化剂和乙酸乙酯依次加入到反应釜中，搅拌30min，过滤，即得。
实施例1
乙醇10％；
乳化剂6％，由司盘80和吐温80按2：3的重量比组成；
乙酸乙酯4％；
余量为0#柴油。
实施例2
乙醇12％；
乳化剂5％，由司盘80和吐温80按2：3的重量比组成；
乙酸乙酯6％；
余量为0#柴油。
实施例3
乙醇15％；
乳化剂8％，由司盘80和吐温80按2：3的重量比组成；
乙酸乙酯5％；
余量为0#柴油。
实施例4
乙醇10％；
乳化剂7％，由司盘80和吐温80按2：3的重量比组成；
乙酸乙酯3％；
余量为0#柴油。
用目测法对按上述实施例1-4所述方法制得的乙醇柴油的稳定性进行测试，以相分离温度作为乙醇柴油稳定性的评价指标。
具体评价方法为：
将制备好的乙醇柴油密封后放入恒温试验箱内考核其相分离温度。相分离现象可由目测判定。使用单侧平行光源入射试样，观察者从垂直于入射光的方向观测，观测距离不大于10cm；具有良好稳定性的乙醇柴油是澄清透明的均匀体系，如果出现浑浊或试管底部出现可观测聚合物现象，便可认为乙醇柴油体系发生相分离。结果如下述表1所示：
表1：
取按上述实施例1-4所述方法制得的乙醇柴油在常温下(10-30℃)条件下，置于具塞试管里可以保持稳定状态，不发生相分离时间均可达90天以上，说明按本发明所述配方制得的乙醇柴油的稳定性良好。
对按上述实施例1-4所述方法制得的乙醇柴油的十六烷值进行测定(GB/T386-2010)，结果如下述表2所示：
表2

Claims (3)

1.一种乙醇柴油，其特征在于：按重量百分比计，其组成为：
乙醇10-15％；
乳化剂5-8％，由司盘80和吐温80按2：3的重量比组成；
乙酸乙酯3-6％；
余量为0#柴油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的乙醇柴油，其特征在于：各组分的重量百分比为：
乙醇10-12％；
乳化剂6-8％；
乙酸乙酯4-5％；
余量为0#柴油。
3.根据权利要求1所述的乙醇柴油，其特征在于：各组分的重量百分比为：
乙醇10％；
乳化剂6％；
乙酸乙酯4％；
余量为0#柴油。
CN201711200608.9A 2017-11-24 2017-11-24 一种乙醇柴油 Pending CN107964428A (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1884451A (zh) * 2006-07-11 2006-12-27 广东工业大学 一种乙醇柴油混合燃料
CN103509615A (zh) * 2012-06-14 2014-01-15 刘粤荣 一种调合燃料油的添加剂及其制备方法
CN103540366A (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-29 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种提高乙醇柴油存储稳定性的助溶剂及含该助溶剂的乙醇柴油
CN103571547A (zh) * 2012-07-31 2014-02-12 青岛嘉能节能环保技术有限公司 一种制备乙醇-柴油混合燃料的方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1884451A (zh) * 2006-07-11 2006-12-27 广东工业大学 一种乙醇柴油混合燃料
CN103509615A (zh) * 2012-06-14 2014-01-15 刘粤荣 一种调合燃料油的添加剂及其制备方法
CN103571547A (zh) * 2012-07-31 2014-02-12 青岛嘉能节能环保技术有限公司 一种制备乙醇-柴油混合燃料的方法
CN103540366A (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-29 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种提高乙醇柴油存储稳定性的助溶剂及含该助溶剂的乙醇柴油

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