CN107960197A - A kind of blade harvester - Google Patents

A kind of blade harvester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107960197A
CN107960197A CN201711446556.3A CN201711446556A CN107960197A CN 107960197 A CN107960197 A CN 107960197A CN 201711446556 A CN201711446556 A CN 201711446556A CN 107960197 A CN107960197 A CN 107960197A
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blade
leaf
transport air
clamping
leaves
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CN107960197B (en
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罗曜
谢志方
肖博强
贺耀华
王凯
陈厉新
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Hunan Province Farmers Agricultural Equipment Ltd By Share Ltd
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Hunan Province Farmers Agricultural Equipment Ltd By Share Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D46/00Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种叶片收割机,包括车体及安装在车体后端的储叶斗,车体前端设置有分行导流机构,分行导流机构用于将待收割植株按照规定间隔分隔成排;分行导流机构后方设置有夹持输送机构,夹持输送机构用于分隔成排后植株的夹紧及向后传输;夹持输送机构的传输方向上设置有切割机构,切割机构用于被夹紧植株的切割;切割机构上连接有摘叶机构,摘叶机构用于被切割植株上叶片的摘除;摘叶机构上连接叶片收集机构,叶片收集机构用于收集摘叶机构所摘除下来的叶片;叶片收集机构与储叶斗之间设置有用于叶片传输的运输风道。本发明能够有效实现桑叶的机械化采摘,降低桑农的劳动强度,提高工作效率。

The invention discloses a leaf harvester, which comprises a car body and a leaf storage bucket installed at the rear end of the car body. The front end of the car body is provided with a branch flow guide mechanism, which is used to separate the plants to be harvested into rows according to a specified interval. ; A clamping and conveying mechanism is provided behind the branch diversion mechanism, and the clamping and conveying mechanism is used for clamping and backward transmission of the plants separated into rows; a cutting mechanism is provided on the transmission direction of the clamping and conveying mechanism, and the cutting mechanism is used for Clamp the cutting of the plant; the cutting mechanism is connected with a leaf picking mechanism, which is used to remove the leaves on the cut plant; the leaf picking mechanism is connected with a leaf collecting mechanism, and the leaf collecting mechanism is used to collect the leaves removed by the leaf picking mechanism Blades; a transport air duct for blade transmission is set between the blade collecting mechanism and the leaf storage bucket. The invention can effectively realize the mechanized picking of mulberry leaves, reduce the labor intensity of mulberry farmers and improve work efficiency.

Description

一种叶片收割机A leaf harvester

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及农业机械领域,更具体地说,特别涉及一种叶片收割机。The present invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and more specifically relates to a blade harvester.

背景技术Background technique

桑叶是桑树的叶子,是蚕的主要食物。完整的桑叶长约15厘米,宽约10厘米,叶柄长约4厘米,叶片基部心脏形,顶端微尖,边缘有锯齿,叶脉密生白柔毛;老叶较厚暗绿色,嫩叶较薄,黄绿色,质脆易,握之扎手,气淡、味微苦涩。桑叶不仅具有疏散风热、清肺润燥、清肝明目的功效,而且对治疗感冒、肺热燥咳、头晕头痛、目赤昏花具有独特地疗效。近年来,更有人发现桑叶的芽头营养价值丰富,将桑叶的芽头做成了菜式,从而使桑叶有了食疗的价值而被大众喜爱。Mulberry leaves are the leaves of the mulberry tree, the main food for silkworms. The complete mulberry leaves are about 15 cm long, 10 cm wide, and the petiole is about 4 cm long. The base of the leaf is heart-shaped, the top is slightly pointed, the edge is serrated, and the veins are densely white and pubescent; the old leaves are thicker and dark green, and the young leaves are thinner. , yellow-green, crisp and easy to hold, light in breath, slightly bitter in taste. Mulberry leaves not only have the effects of evacuating wind-heat, clearing lungs and moistening dryness, clearing liver and improving eyesight, but also have unique curative effects on treating colds, lung heat and dry cough, dizziness, headache, red eyes and blurred vision. In recent years, some people have discovered that the buds of mulberry leaves are rich in nutritional value, and made the buds of mulberry leaves into dishes, so that the mulberry leaves have therapeutic value and are loved by the public.

中国是桑树种植大国,我国的农学家们在桑树良种的选育、桑树用肥、桑树病虫害的防治和桑园管理等方面,不断地深入研究并取得了丰硕的成果,目前经收集整理和新育成的桑品种已有千余个。如浙江和江苏有湖桑和火桑两个桑品种群,湖桑一般枝条粗长,叶形大,硬化迟,适应性强,多数属中生和晚生品种;火桑有红皮火桑和白皮火桑,其新梢嫩叶呈紫红色,均属早生品种。此外,四川有川南乐山嘉定桑,枝条长,叶稀叶质好;川东北的冠桑枝条细直,皮色青灰。山东有鲁桑,枝条粗短、节密、硬化早、耐寒。目前而言,中国虽然在桑树的种植方面取得了极大的发展,但是对于桑叶的采摘,由于我们目前还没有专门的用于桑叶的叶片收割机,导致我国的桑叶采摘仍然需要通过桑农手工采摘,如此,导致桑农的劳动强度极大,工作效率极低。China is a big country of mulberry planting. Our agronomists have made in-depth research and achieved fruitful results in the selection and breeding of mulberry varieties, mulberry fertilizer, mulberry pest control and mulberry garden management. More than a thousand mulberry varieties have been bred. For example, Zhejiang and Jiangsu have two groups of mulberry varieties, Humulus and Humulus. Humulus generally has thick and long branches, large leaves, late hardening, and strong adaptability. Most of them belong to middle-growing and late-growing varieties; Baipi fire mulberry, its new shoots and leaves are purple-red, all belong to early-growing varieties. In addition, in Sichuan, there is Leshan Jiading mulberry in southern Sichuan, with long branches and thin leaves and good quality leaves; the crown mulberry in northeastern Sichuan has thin and straight branches, and its skin color is blue-gray. There is Lusang in Shandong, with thick and short branches, dense knots, early hardening, and cold resistance. At present, although China has made great progress in the cultivation of mulberry trees, for the picking of mulberry leaves, because we currently do not have a special leaf harvester for mulberry leaves, the picking of mulberry leaves in our country still needs The mulberry farmers pick by hand, so that the labor intensity of the mulberry farmers is extremely high and the work efficiency is extremely low.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明要解决的技术问题为提供一种叶片收割机,该叶片收割机通过其结构设计,能够有效实现桑叶的机械化采摘,降低桑农的劳动强度,提高工作效率。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a leaf harvester. Through its structural design, the leaf harvester can effectively realize the mechanized picking of mulberry leaves, reduce the labor intensity of mulberry farmers, and improve work efficiency.

一种叶片收割机,包括车体及安装在所述车体后端的储叶斗,其中:A leaf harvester, including a car body and a leaf storage bucket installed at the rear end of the car body, wherein:

所述车体前端设置有分行导流机构,所述分行导流机构用于将待收割植株按照规定间隔分隔成排;The front end of the car body is provided with a branch diversion mechanism, and the branch diversion mechanism is used to separate the plants to be harvested into rows according to the specified interval;

所述分行导流机构后方设置有夹持输送机构,所述夹持输送机构用于分隔成排后植株的夹紧及向后传输;A clamping and conveying mechanism is arranged behind the branch diversion mechanism, and the clamping and conveying mechanism is used for clamping and backward transporting the plants separated into rows;

所述夹持输送机构的传输方向上设置有切割机构,所述切割机构用于被夹紧植株的切割;A cutting mechanism is provided in the transmission direction of the clamping and conveying mechanism, and the cutting mechanism is used for cutting the clamped plants;

所述切割机构上连接有摘叶机构,所述摘叶机构用于被切割植株上叶片的摘除;The cutting mechanism is connected with a leaf-picking mechanism, and the leaf-picking mechanism is used for removing leaves from the cut plants;

所述摘叶机构上连接叶片收集机构,所述叶片收集机构用于收集所述摘叶机构所摘除下来的叶片;The leaf picking mechanism is connected with a leaf collecting mechanism, and the leaf collecting mechanism is used to collect the leaves removed by the leaf picking mechanism;

所述叶片收集机构与所述储叶斗之间设置有运输风道,所述运输风道用于将所述叶片收集机构所收集的叶片传输至所述储叶斗内。A transport air duct is provided between the leaf collecting mechanism and the leaf storage bucket, and the transport air duct is used to transport the leaves collected by the leaf collection mechanism into the leaf storage bucket.

优选地,所述车体底部设置有驱动轮和转向轮,所述车体上方设置有驾驶室,所述驾驶室内设置有控制台。Preferably, the bottom of the vehicle body is provided with driving wheels and steering wheels, a cab is provided above the vehicle body, and a console is provided in the cab.

优选地,所述夹持输送机构包括夹持链条、星型拨盘、导流杆以及齿型输送带,所述夹持链条设置在所述分行导流机构后方,所述导流杆设置在所述夹持链条后方,所述星型拨盘设置在所述夹持链条与所述导流杆的连接处,所述齿型输送带前端与所述导流杆相连通,所述齿型输送带后端与所述车体外部相通。Preferably, the clamping conveying mechanism includes a clamping chain, a star dial, a guide rod and a toothed conveyor belt, the clamping chain is arranged behind the branch guide mechanism, and the guide rod is arranged at Behind the clamping chain, the star-shaped dial is set at the connection between the clamping chain and the guide rod, the front end of the toothed conveyor belt is connected with the guide rod, and the toothed conveyor belt The rear end of the conveyor belt communicates with the outside of the car body.

优选地,所述夹持链条为双层齿形夹持链条。Preferably, the clamping chain is a double-layer toothed clamping chain.

优选地,所述切割机构为升降式切割机构,所述升降式切割机构包括连接架、升降油缸、割台以及锯齿圆盘刀片,所述锯齿圆盘刀片设置在所述割台前端,所述连接架与所述升降油缸活动安装在所述割台与所述车体之间。Preferably, the cutting mechanism is an elevating cutting mechanism, and the elevating cutting mechanism includes a connecting frame, an elevating oil cylinder, a header and a serrated disc blade, and the serrated disc blade is arranged at the front end of the header, and the The connecting frame and the lifting oil cylinder are movably installed between the header and the vehicle body.

优选地,所述连接架为平行四边形连接架。Preferably, the connecting frame is a parallelogram connecting frame.

优选地,所述摘叶机构包括至少两组在竖直方向上相平行间隔布置的驱动辊与从动辊,每一组所述驱动辊与所述从动辊外均套设有独立的摘叶带,且相邻的所述摘叶带运行方向相反,所述摘叶带上设置有相间隔布置的钉齿。Preferably, the leaf-picking mechanism includes at least two groups of driving rollers and driven rollers arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the vertical direction, each group of the driving rollers and the driven rollers are sheathed with independent picking rollers. Leaf belts, and the adjacent leaf picking belts run in opposite directions, and the leaf picking belts are provided with nail teeth arranged at intervals.

优选地,所述叶片收集机构包括叶片收集拨轮、叶片输送带、滚轮,所述叶片收集拨轮与所述摘叶机构相连接,所述叶片输送带一端与所述叶片收集拨轮相连接,所述叶片输送带另一端与所述运输风道相连接,所述滚轮设置在所述叶片输送带下方。Preferably, the blade collection mechanism includes a blade collection dial, a blade conveyor belt, and a roller, the blade collection dial is connected to the leaf picking mechanism, and one end of the blade conveyor belt is connected to the blade collection dial , the other end of the blade conveyor belt is connected to the transport air duct, and the rollers are arranged under the blade conveyor belt.

优选地,所述运输风道包括沿所述车体轴线方向布置的主运输风道以及与所述主运输风道垂直相交的从运输风道,所述从运输风道与叶片收割机的收割宽度相匹配且与所述叶片收集机构相导通,所述主运输风道设置在所述从运输风道与所述储叶斗之间。Preferably, the transport air channel includes a main transport air channel arranged along the axis of the vehicle body and a secondary transport air channel vertically intersecting the main transport air channel, and the secondary transport air channel is connected to the blade harvester. The width matches and communicates with the blade collecting mechanism, and the main conveying air duct is arranged between the secondary conveying air duct and the leaf storage bucket.

本发明的有益效果是:本发明提供的叶片收割机通过分行导流机构将待收割植株按照规定间隔分隔成排,然后通过夹持输送机构将分隔成排后的植株夹紧并向后传输,切割机构将被夹紧植株进行切割从而使植株上部含有叶片的茎秆与根部分离,摘叶机构再对茎秆上的叶片进行摘除,叶片收集机构收集摘叶机构所摘除下来的叶片,最后运输风道将叶片收集机构所收集的叶片传输至储叶斗内进行存储,从而可以实现整个叶片摘除的机械自动化,降低了桑农的劳动强度,提高了工作效率。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the leaf harvester provided by the present invention divides the plants to be harvested into rows according to the specified interval through the branch flow guide mechanism, and then clamps the separated plants into rows through the clamping and conveying mechanism and transports them backwards. The cutting mechanism cuts the clamped plant so that the stalk containing the leaves on the upper part of the plant is separated from the root. The leaf picking mechanism removes the leaves on the stalk. The leaf collecting mechanism collects the leaves removed by the leaf picking mechanism and finally transports them The air duct transfers the leaves collected by the leaf collection mechanism to the leaf storage bucket for storage, so that the mechanical automation of the entire leaf removal can be realized, the labor intensity of the mulberry farmers is reduced, and the work efficiency is improved.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.

图1为本发明实施例所公开的叶片收割机的整体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of blade harvester disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例所公开的叶片收割机的左视图;Fig. 2 is the left side view of blade harvester disclosed by the embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例所公开的图2中的A处放大示意图;Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 2 disclosed by an embodiment of the present invention;

图4为本发明实施例所公开的叶片收割机的后视图;Fig. 4 is the rear view of the blade harvester disclosed by the embodiment of the present invention;

图5为本发明实施例所公开的叶片收割机的俯视图;Fig. 5 is the top view of blade harvester disclosed by the embodiment of the present invention;

图6为本发明实施例所公开的图5中的B处放大示意图;FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of B in FIG. 5 disclosed by an embodiment of the present invention;

图7为本发明实施例所公开的摘叶机构的放大示意图;Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the leaf-picking mechanism disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

图8为本发明实施例所公开的叶片收割机的叶片流动示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of blade flow of the blade harvester disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

附图标记:Reference signs:

车体1,驱动轮101,转向轮102,驾驶室103,控制台104;储叶斗2;分行导流机构3;夹持输送机构4,夹持链条401,星型拨盘402,导流杆403,齿型输送带404;切割机构5,连接架501,升降油缸502,割台503,锯齿圆盘刀片504;摘叶机构6,驱动辊601,从动辊602,摘叶带603,钉齿604;叶片收集机构7,叶片收集拨轮701,叶片输送带702,滚轮703;运输风道8,主运输风道801,从运输风道802。Car body 1, driving wheel 101, steering wheel 102, cab 103, console 104; leaf storage bucket 2; branch diversion mechanism 3; clamping conveying mechanism 4, clamping chain 401, star dial 402, diversion Rod 403, toothed conveyor belt 404; cutting mechanism 5, connecting frame 501, lifting cylinder 502, header 503, sawtooth disc blade 504; leaf picking mechanism 6, driving roller 601, driven roller 602, leaf picking belt 603, Nail teeth 604; blade collection mechanism 7, blade collection dial 701, blade conveyor belt 702, roller 703; transport air duct 8, main transport air duct 801, and slave transport air duct 802.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请中的技术方案,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of them.

基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本申请保护的范围。Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“前”、“后”、“底部”、“上方”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "front", "rear", "bottom", "above" etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for It is convenient to describe the present invention and simplify the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

参见图1至图8,图1至图8提供了本发明一种叶片收割机的具体实施例。如附图所示,本发明提供的该叶片收割机能够有效实现桑叶的机械化采摘,降低桑农的劳动强度,提高工作效率。该叶片收割机包括车体1,储叶斗2,分行导流机构3,夹持输送机构4,切割机构5,摘叶机构6,叶片收集机构7及运输风道8。Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, Fig. 1 to Fig. 8 provide a specific embodiment of a leaf harvester of the present invention. As shown in the accompanying drawings, the leaf harvester provided by the present invention can effectively realize the mechanized picking of mulberry leaves, reduce the labor intensity of mulberry farmers, and improve work efficiency. The blade harvester includes a car body 1, a leaf storage bucket 2, a branch flow guide mechanism 3, a clamping and conveying mechanism 4, a cutting mechanism 5, a leaf picking mechanism 6, a blade collecting mechanism 7 and a transport air duct 8.

本方案中,该叶片收割机包括车体1,车体1用于起主体支撑作用,同时用于叶片收割机所需动力的输出。具体地,本发明提供的车体1底部设置有驱动轮101和转向轮102,车体1上方设置有驾驶室103,驾驶室103内设置有控制台104。In this solution, the blade harvester includes a car body 1, and the car body 1 is used for supporting the main body and outputting power required by the blade harvester. Specifically, a driving wheel 101 and a steering wheel 102 are provided at the bottom of the car body 1 provided by the present invention, a driver's cab 103 is arranged above the car body 1 , and a console 104 is arranged in the driver's cab 103 .

实施过程中,驱动轮101用于控制车体1的运行,转向轮102用于控制车体1的转向,驾驶室103用于给操作人员提供操作空间,控制台104用于整个车辆行驶与收割工作的控制。During implementation, the driving wheel 101 is used to control the operation of the vehicle body 1, the steering wheel 102 is used to control the steering of the vehicle body 1, the cab 103 is used to provide an operating space for the operator, and the console 104 is used for driving and harvesting of the entire vehicle. work control.

车体1后端安装有储叶斗2,储叶斗2用于叶片的储存。A leaf storage bucket 2 is installed at the rear end of the vehicle body 1, and the leaf storage bucket 2 is used for storing blades.

车体1前端设置有分行导流机构3,分行导流机构3用于将待收割植株按照规定间隔分隔成排。具体地,本发明提供的分行导流机构3由两个横截面呈三角形的导流板构成,两个导流板之间设置有间隙,该间隙用于通过待收割植株。其中,车体1前端可以设置多组分行导流机构3,各组分行导流机构3之间的间距可以根据欲收割植株的排列情况进行调整,例如,可以每一排待收割植株对应一组分行导流机构3。The front end of the car body 1 is provided with a branch flow guide mechanism 3, and the branch flow guide mechanism 3 is used to separate the plants to be harvested into rows according to a prescribed interval. Specifically, the branch deflector mechanism 3 provided by the present invention is composed of two deflectors with a triangular cross section, and a gap is provided between the two deflectors, and the gap is used to pass through the plants to be harvested. Wherein, the front end of the car body 1 can be provided with multi-component row flow guide mechanisms 3, and the distance between each component row flow guide mechanism 3 can be adjusted according to the arrangement of plants to be harvested, for example, each row of plants to be harvested can correspond to a group Branch diversion mechanism 3.

分行导流机构3后方设置有夹持输送机构4,夹持输送机构4用于分隔成排后植株的夹紧及向后传输。具体地,本发明提供的夹持输送机构4包括夹持链条401、星型拨盘402、导流杆403以及齿型输送带404,夹持链条401设置在分行导流机构3后方,导流杆403设置在夹持链条401后方,星型拨盘402设置在夹持链条401与导流杆403的连接处,齿型输送带404前端与导流杆403相连通,齿型输送带404后端与车体1外部相通。A clamping and conveying mechanism 4 is arranged behind the branch diversion mechanism 3, and the clamping and conveying mechanism 4 is used for clamping and backward transmission of plants separated into rows. Specifically, the clamping conveying mechanism 4 provided by the present invention includes a clamping chain 401, a star dial 402, a flow guiding rod 403, and a toothed conveyor belt 404. The clamping chain 401 is arranged behind the branch flow guiding mechanism 3, and the flow guiding The rod 403 is arranged behind the clamping chain 401, the star dial 402 is arranged at the joint of the clamping chain 401 and the guide rod 403, the front end of the toothed conveyor belt 404 is connected with the guide rod 403, and the rear end of the toothed conveyor belt 404 The end communicates with the outside of the car body 1.

具体实施中,夹持链条401会夹紧已被分行导流机构3分隔成排的植株,同时夹持链条401自身会滚动从而伴随车体1的前行将分隔成排的植株同步向后传输,该过程中,切割机构5会将被夹持链条401夹紧的植株割断,从而使植株上部含有叶片的茎秆9与植株的根部相分离(切割机构5的切割刀片一般布置在夹持链条401下方),该过程中,夹持链条401会夹持茎秆9继续向后传输,摘叶机构6会及时摘除茎秆9上的叶片,星型拨盘402会将已摘除叶片的茎秆9拨向导流杆403,导流杆403进而将这些已摘除叶片的茎秆9导向齿型输送带404,齿型输送带404则可以将这些已摘除叶片的茎秆9输向车体1外部,这些已摘除叶片的茎秆9则可以均匀堆放在桑田中成为肥料。In a specific implementation, the clamping chain 401 will clamp the plants that have been separated into rows by the branch flow guide mechanism 3, and at the same time, the clamping chain 401 will roll itself so that the plants that are separated into rows will be synchronously transported backward along with the forward movement of the vehicle body 1. In this process, the cutting mechanism 5 will cut off the plant clamped by the clamping chain 401, so that the stem 9 containing the leaves on the top of the plant is separated from the root of the plant (the cutting blade of the cutting mechanism 5 is generally arranged on the clamping chain 401 bottom), during this process, the clamping chain 401 will clamp the stalk 9 and continue to transmit backwards, the leaf picking mechanism 6 will remove the leaves on the stalk 9 in time, and the star dial 402 will remove the stalk 9 with the leaves removed. Diverting the guide rod 403, the guide rod 403 then guides the stalks 9 whose leaves have been removed to the toothed conveyor belt 404, and the toothed conveyor belt 404 can transport the stalks 9 whose leaves have been removed to the outside of the car body 1, The stalks 9 from which the leaves have been removed can be evenly stacked in the mulberry field to become fertilizer.

本实施例中,为更好的实现植株的夹持,防止被夹持的植株侧倒,优选地,所述夹持链条401为双层齿形夹持链条。In this embodiment, in order to better realize the clamping of the plants and prevent the clamped plants from falling sideways, preferably, the clamping chain 401 is a double-layer toothed clamping chain.

夹持输送机构4的传输方向上设置有切割机构5,切割机构5用于被夹紧植株的切割。具体地,本实施例所提供的切割机构5为升降式切割机构,该升降式切割机构包括连接架501、升降油缸502、割台503以及锯齿圆盘刀片504,锯齿圆盘刀片504设置在割台503前端,连接架501与升降油缸502活动安装在割台503与车体1之间。A cutting mechanism 5 is provided in the conveying direction of the clamping and conveying mechanism 4, and the cutting mechanism 5 is used for cutting the clamped plants. Specifically, the cutting mechanism 5 provided in this embodiment is a lifting cutting mechanism, which includes a connecting frame 501, a lifting cylinder 502, a header 503, and a serrated disc blade 504, and the serrated disc blade 504 is arranged on the cutting edge. The front end of the platform 503, the connecting frame 501 and the lifting cylinder 502 are movably installed between the header 503 and the car body 1.

具体实施过程中,连接架501用于起连接支撑作用。升降油缸502用于驱动割台503上升与下降,从而调整植株的切割高度,锯齿圆盘刀片504用于植株的剪切,从而使植株的茎秆9与植株的根部相分离,本实施例提供的锯齿圆盘刀片504包括上下相间隔布置的上锯齿圆盘刀片与下锯齿圆盘刀片,其中,锯齿圆盘刀片504一般设置在上述夹持输送机构4的夹持链条401下方且靠前端的位置,从而保证茎秆9可以被顺利切割同时能被继续夹紧,设置在靠前端的位置可以保证给摘叶机构6预留足够的摘叶时间。In a specific implementation process, the connecting frame 501 is used for connecting and supporting. The lifting cylinder 502 is used to drive the header 503 to rise and fall, thereby adjusting the cutting height of the plant, and the serrated disc blade 504 is used to cut the plant, so that the stem 9 of the plant is separated from the root of the plant. This embodiment provides The serrated disc blade 504 includes an upper serrated disc blade and a lower serrated disc blade arranged at intervals up and down, wherein the serrated disc blade 504 is generally arranged below the clamping chain 401 of the clamping conveying mechanism 4 and near the front end. position, so as to ensure that the stalk 9 can be cut smoothly and can be continuously clamped, and being arranged at a position close to the front end can ensure that enough leaf picking time is reserved for the leaf picking mechanism 6 .

本实施例中,为进一步方便割台503的支撑与连接,同时方便其上升与下降的调整,优选地,连接架501为平行四边形连接架。In this embodiment, in order to further facilitate the support and connection of the header 503 and facilitate the adjustment of its rise and fall, preferably, the connecting frame 501 is a parallelogram connecting frame.

切割机构5上连接有摘叶机构6,摘叶机构6用于被切割植株上叶片的摘除。具体地,本实施例所提供的摘叶机构6包括至少两组在竖直方向上相平行间隔布置的驱动辊601与从动辊602,每一组驱动辊601与从动辊602外均套设有独立的摘叶带603,且相邻的摘叶带603运行方向相反,摘叶带603上设置有相间隔布置的钉齿604。The cutting mechanism 5 is connected with a leaf picking mechanism 6, and the leaf picking mechanism 6 is used for removing leaves on the cut plants. Specifically, the leaf-picking mechanism 6 provided in this embodiment includes at least two sets of driving rollers 601 and driven rollers 602 arranged in parallel and spaced intervals in the vertical direction, and each set of driving rollers 601 and driven rollers 602 are evenly sleeved. An independent leaf picking belt 603 is provided, and the adjacent leaf picking belts 603 run in opposite directions, and the leaf picking belts 603 are provided with nail teeth 604 arranged at intervals.

具体实施过程中,驱动辊601与外部动力机构相传动连接,驱动辊601旋转时,带动从动辊602与摘叶带603一起旋转,由于相邻的摘叶带603运行方向相反,操作中只需将两相邻的摘叶带603之间的间隙对准被上述夹持输送机构4的夹持链条401所夹紧的一排排茎秆9,摘叶带603传动过程中摘叶带603上含有的钉齿604便可以相错刮在茎秆9上,从而将茎秆9上的叶片刮落下来。具体地,可以通过调整相邻摘叶带603的间隙宽度与摘叶带603上钉齿604的密度来控制叶片摘除的干净程度。图7中箭头方向既为摘叶带603的运行方向。In the specific implementation process, the driving roller 601 is connected to the external power mechanism. When the driving roller 601 rotates, it drives the driven roller 602 to rotate with the leaf picking belt 603. Since the adjacent leaf picking belt 603 runs in the opposite direction, only It is necessary to align the gap between two adjacent leaf-picking belts 603 with the rows of stalks 9 clamped by the clamping chain 401 of the above-mentioned clamping and conveying mechanism 4. During the transmission process of the leaf-picking belts 603, the leaf-picking belts 603 The nail teeth 604 contained on the top can be staggered and scraped on the stalk 9, thereby scraping off the leaves on the stalk 9. Specifically, the cleanliness of leaf removal can be controlled by adjusting the gap width between adjacent leaf removal belts 603 and the density of nail teeth 604 on the leaf removal belts 603 . In Fig. 7, the direction of the arrow is the running direction of the leaf-picking belt 603.

摘叶机构6上连接叶片收集机构7,叶片收集机构7用于收集所述摘叶机构6所摘除下来的叶片。具体地,本实施例提供的叶片收集机构7包括叶片收集拨轮701、叶片输送带702、滚轮703,叶片收集拨轮701与摘叶机构6相连接,叶片输送带702一端与叶片收集拨轮701相连接,叶片输送带702另一端与运输风道8相连接,滚轮703设置在叶片输送带702下方。The leaf picking mechanism 6 is connected with a leaf collecting mechanism 7, and the leaf collecting mechanism 7 is used to collect the leaves removed by the leaf picking mechanism 6. Specifically, the blade collection mechanism 7 provided in this embodiment includes a blade collection dial 701, a blade conveyor belt 702, and a roller 703. The blade collection dial 701 is connected to the leaf picking mechanism 6, and one end of the blade conveyor belt 702 is connected to the blade collection dial 701, the other end of the blade conveyor belt 702 is connected to the transport air duct 8, and the roller 703 is arranged below the blade conveyor belt 702.

具体实施过程中,叶片收集拨轮701可以将摘叶机构6所摘除下来的叶片拨动至叶片输送带702上,滚轮703带动叶片输送带702旋转,叶片输送带702进而将其上方的叶片传输至运输风道8。During the specific implementation process, the blade collection dial 701 can move the blades removed by the leaf picking mechanism 6 onto the blade conveyor belt 702, and the roller 703 drives the blade conveyor belt 702 to rotate, and the blade conveyor belt 702 then transfers the blades above it. To the transport air duct 8.

叶片收集机构7与储叶斗2之间设置有运输风道8,运输风道8用于将叶片收集机构7所收集的叶片传输至储叶斗2内。具体地,本实施例提供的运输风道8包括沿车体1轴线方向布置的主运输风道801以及与主运输风道801垂直相交的从运输风道802,从运输风道802与叶片收割机的收割宽度相匹配且与叶片收集机构7相导通,主运输风道801设置在从运输风道802与储叶斗2之间。A transport air duct 8 is provided between the leaf collecting mechanism 7 and the leaf storage bucket 2 , and the transport air duct 8 is used to transport the leaves collected by the leaf collection mechanism 7 into the leaf storage bucket 2 . Specifically, the transport air duct 8 provided in this embodiment includes a main transport air duct 801 arranged along the axis direction of the vehicle body 1 and a slave transport air duct 802 perpendicularly intersecting the main transport air duct 801, and the slave transport air duct 802 and the blade harvest The harvesting width of the machine matches and communicates with the blade collection mechanism 7, and the main transport air duct 801 is arranged between the secondary transport air duct 802 and the leaf storage bucket 2.

如此,从运输风道802可以先将各个叶片收集机构7内的叶片进行初步收集汇总,然后主运输风道801再将这些汇总后的叶片传输至储叶斗2内。In this way, the blades in each blade collection mechanism 7 can be preliminarily collected and aggregated from the transport air duct 802 , and then the aggregated blades can be transferred to the leaf storage bucket 2 by the main transport air duct 801 .

本发明具体实施时的工作流程如下:Work process when the present invention is concretely implemented is as follows:

首先,启动叶片收割机行驶至待收割的桑田中,控制分行导流机构3对准桑叶植株排,调整割台503的高度至桑叶植株的合适切割高度,叶片收割机向前开进入收割状态,桑叶植株在经过分行导流机构3导流排布后,有序进入夹持输送机构4中,在夹持链条401的夹持作用下对植株进行夹紧,桑叶植株随夹持链条401的持续转动向后方运动(夹持链条401的转动速度一般与叶片收割机的行驶速度匹配);First, start the leaf harvester and drive to the mulberry field to be harvested, control the branch flow guide mechanism 3 to align with the row of mulberry leaves, adjust the height of the header 503 to the appropriate cutting height of the mulberry leaf plants, and then drive the leaf harvester forward to enter the harvesting state, the mulberry leaf plants enter the clamping and conveying mechanism 4 in an orderly manner after being diverted and arranged by the branch diversion mechanism 3, and the plants are clamped under the clamping action of the clamping chain 401, and the mulberry leaf plants follow the clamping action. The continuous rotation of the chain 401 moves backward (the rotation speed of the clamping chain 401 generally matches the driving speed of the blade harvester);

其次,被夹持的桑叶植株会经过夹持链条401下侧的锯齿圆盘刀片504,桑叶植株的茎秆9被锯齿圆盘刀片504高速旋转切割锯断,茎秆9与桑叶植株的根部相分离而被继续夹持传输进入摘叶机构6;带叶片的茎秆9进入摘叶机构6后,摘叶带603上的钉齿604夹持并错位向下刮擦茎秆9上的叶片使叶片从茎秆9上脱落;Secondly, the clamped mulberry leaf plant will pass through the sawtooth disc blade 504 on the lower side of the clamping chain 401, and the stalk 9 of the mulberry leaf plant will be cut off by the high-speed rotary cutting of the sawtooth disc blade 504. The roots are separated and continue to be clamped and transported into the leaf-removing mechanism 6; after the leaf-bearing stalk 9 enters the leaf-removing mechanism 6, the nail teeth 604 on the leaf-removing belt 603 clamp and displace to scrape downward on the stalk 9 The leaves of the leaves are detached from the stem 9;

最后,被摘除叶片的茎秆9继续在夹持链条401的持续转动下向后方运动,被摘除叶片的茎秆9在星型拨盘402的拨动下拨出夹持输送区,在导流杆403的弹力作用下被摘除叶片的茎秆9被强制压在齿型输送带404上,通过齿型输送带404向外侧转动直至被推出至车体1外侧铺放到田间。被摘叶机构6摘下的桑叶叶片在摘叶带603与钉齿604的带动下移动至叶片收集机构7区域,叶片收集拨轮701的旋转将叶片拨至叶片输送带702,叶片经叶片输送带702输送至运输风道8入口,叶片在风吸力作用下进入从运输风道802,最后在主运输风道801末端排出落入储叶斗2,从而完成叶片的收集工作。Finally, the stalk 9 of the removed blade continues to move backward under the continuous rotation of the clamping chain 401, and the stalk 9 of the removed blade is moved out of the clamping and conveying area under the toggle of the star dial 402. Under the action of the elastic force of the rod 403, the stalks 9 whose leaves have been removed are forced to press on the toothed conveyor belt 404, and rotate outwards through the toothed conveyor belt 404 until they are pushed out to the outside of the car body 1 and placed in the field. The mulberry leaves picked off by the leaf-picking mechanism 6 move to the area of the leaf collection mechanism 7 under the drive of the leaf-picking belt 603 and the nail teeth 604, and the rotation of the leaf collection dial 701 pushes the leaves to the blade conveyor belt 702, and the leaves pass through the blades. The conveyor belt 702 is transported to the entrance of the transport air channel 8, and the leaves enter the secondary transport air channel 802 under the action of wind suction, and finally are discharged at the end of the main transport air channel 801 and fall into the leaf storage bucket 2, thereby completing the collection of the leaves.

整体而言,本发明提供的叶片收割机通过分行导流机构3将待收割植株按照规定间隔分隔成排,然后通过夹持输送机构4将分隔成排后的植株夹紧并向后传输,切割机构5将被夹紧植株进行切割从而使植株上部含有叶片的茎秆与根部分离,摘叶机构6再对茎秆上的叶片进行摘除,叶片收集机构7收集摘叶机构所摘除下来的叶片,最后运输风道8将叶片收集机构所收集的叶片传输至储叶斗2内进行存储,从而可以实现整个叶片摘除的机械自动化,降低了桑农的劳动强度,提高了工作效率。On the whole, the blade harvester provided by the present invention divides the plants to be harvested into rows according to the specified intervals through the branch flow guide mechanism 3, and then clamps the separated plants into rows through the clamping and conveying mechanism 4 and transports them backwards, cutting Mechanism 5 cuts the clamped plant so that the stalk containing leaves on the upper part of the plant is separated from the root, the leaf removal mechanism 6 removes the leaves on the stalk, and the leaf collection mechanism 7 collects the leaves removed by the leaf removal mechanism. Finally, the transport air duct 8 transports the leaves collected by the leaf collection mechanism to the leaf storage bucket 2 for storage, so that the mechanical automation of the entire leaf removal can be realized, the labor intensity of the mulberry farmers is reduced, and the work efficiency is improved.

此外,本发明的桑叶收割机可以采用高地隙轮式车体,通过调整割台503高度,使得整机可以在桑园内行走,使用起来方便灵活;通过各机构之间的相互配合能够有效的完成桑叶的采摘及茎秆的收割铺放工作;摘叶机构6与叶片为软接触,可避免摘叶过程中造成的叶片损伤;风力叶片输送的运输风道8可避免机械运输过程中叶片与机具摩擦造成的叶片损失;夹持输送机构4能够自动完成对桑枝进行定位夹持,并一直保持茎秆9在切断后直立向后方移动,避免因茎秆9侧倒而引起的叶片不能脱落。此外,本叶片收割机无需多人操作,结构合理,自动化程度高,提高了桑叶的收割效率。In addition, the mulberry leaf harvester of the present invention can adopt a high-gap wheeled car body. By adjusting the height of the header 503, the whole machine can walk in the mulberry field, which is convenient and flexible to use; through the mutual cooperation between various mechanisms, it can effectively Complete the picking of mulberry leaves and the harvesting and laying of stems; the leaf picking mechanism 6 is in soft contact with the leaves, which can avoid damage to the leaves during the leaf picking process; The blade loss caused by the friction between the blade and the machine tool; the clamping and conveying mechanism 4 can automatically complete the positioning and clamping of the mulberry branch, and keep the stem 9 upright and move backward after cutting to avoid blade damage caused by the stem 9 falling sideways. Cannot fall off. In addition, the leaf harvester does not need to be operated by multiple people, has a reasonable structure and a high degree of automation, and improves the harvesting efficiency of mulberry leaves.

以上对本发明所提供的一种叶片收割机进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。The blade harvester provided by the present invention has been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

  1. A kind of 1. blade harvester, it is characterised in that the leaves storage bucket including car body and installed in the body rear end, wherein:
    The car body front end is provided with branch's deflector, branch's deflector be used for will plant be gathered according to the rules between It is in a row every separating;
    Branch's deflector rear is provided with gripping conveyor structure, and the gripping conveyor structure is used for plant after separating in a row Clamping and transmit backward;
    Cutting mechanism is provided with the transmission direction of the gripping conveyor structure, the cutting mechanism is used to be clamped cutting for plant Cut;
    Priming leaf mechanism is connected with the cutting mechanism, the priming leaf mechanism is used for the excision for being cut plant blade;
    Blade collecting mechanism is connected in the priming leaf mechanism, the blade collecting mechanism is extractd for collecting the priming leaf mechanism The blade to get off;
    Transport air passage is provided between the blade collecting mechanism and the leaves storage bucket, the transport air passage is used for the blade Blade collected by collecting mechanism is transmitted in the leaves storage bucket.
  2. 2. blade harvester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the vehicle bottom is provided with driving wheel and steering Wheel, the car body top are provided with driver's cabin, console are provided with the driver's cabin.
  3. 3. blade harvester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gripping conveyor structure include clamping chain, Star-like driver plate, diversion rod and flute profile conveyer belt, the clamping chain are arranged on branch's deflector rear, the water conservancy diversion Bar is arranged on the clamping chain rear, and the star-like driver plate is arranged on the junction of the clamping chain and the diversion rod, The flute profile conveyer belt front end is connected with the diversion rod, and the flute profile conveyer belt rear end outside the car body with communicating.
  4. 4. blade harvester according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the clamping chain is Double-layer tooth-type clamping chain Bar.
  5. 5. blade harvester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cutting mechanism is lift cutting mechanism, The lift cutting mechanism includes link, lifting cylinder, the ceding of Taiwan and serrated disks blade, and the serrated disks blade is set Put and be movably arranged in the ceding of Taiwan front end, the link and the lifting cylinder between the ceding of Taiwan and the car body.
  6. 6. blade harvester according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the link is parallelogram link.
  7. 7. blade harvester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the priming leaf mechanism includes at least two groups vertical Parallel spaced apart driven roller and driven voller on direction, driven roller described in each group outside the driven voller with being arranged with solely Vertical priming leaf band, and the adjacent priming leaf with traffic direction on the contrary, being provided with the spike-tooth separately arranged on the priming leaf band.
  8. 8. blade harvester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the blade collecting mechanism includes blade collection and dials Wheel, blade conveyer belt, roller, the blade collect thumb wheel and are connected with the priming leaf mechanism, described blade conveyer belt one end and The blade collects thumb wheel and is connected, and the blade conveyer belt other end is connected with the transport air passage, and the roller is set Below the blade conveyer belt.
  9. 9. blade harvester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transport air passage is included along the car body axis Direction arrangement main transport air passage and with it is described it is main transport air passage intersect vertically from transport air passage, it is described from transport air passage with The harvesting width of blade harvester matches and is conducted with the blade collecting mechanism, and the main transport air passage is arranged on described From between transport air passage and the leaves storage bucket.
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CN111296061A (en) * 2020-02-25 2020-06-19 六安正辉优产机电科技有限公司 Automatic leaf equipment of plucking in advance of high protein milk cow fodder is prepared to cross paper mulberry
CN111296059A (en) * 2020-02-25 2020-06-19 六安正辉优产机电科技有限公司 Pre-leaf-picking treatment mechanism applied to high-protein feed for large-scale breeding of dairy cows
CN112623639A (en) * 2019-09-29 2021-04-09 吴秀妹 Capillary wormwood herb separation and collection production line and method adopting cross material control principle
CN113317038A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-08-31 广西师范大学 Mulberry leaf combined picking machine
CN114451140A (en) * 2022-03-25 2022-05-10 覃厚衔 Blade picking mechanism and picking device thereof
CN114731838A (en) * 2022-03-25 2022-07-12 覃厚衔 Rail mounted blade picking device
CN115088478A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-23 石河子大学 A performance test bench for a flower and leaf picking device
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CN117441483A (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-01-26 江苏东机机电科技有限公司 Mulberry She Shouge machine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112623639A (en) * 2019-09-29 2021-04-09 吴秀妹 Capillary wormwood herb separation and collection production line and method adopting cross material control principle
CN111296061A (en) * 2020-02-25 2020-06-19 六安正辉优产机电科技有限公司 Automatic leaf equipment of plucking in advance of high protein milk cow fodder is prepared to cross paper mulberry
CN111296059A (en) * 2020-02-25 2020-06-19 六安正辉优产机电科技有限公司 Pre-leaf-picking treatment mechanism applied to high-protein feed for large-scale breeding of dairy cows
CN111296059B (en) * 2020-02-25 2021-09-17 合肥净龙环保科技有限公司 Pre-leaf-picking treatment mechanism applied to high-protein feed for large-scale breeding of dairy cows
CN113317038A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-08-31 广西师范大学 Mulberry leaf combined picking machine
CN114731838A (en) * 2022-03-25 2022-07-12 覃厚衔 Rail mounted blade picking device
CN114451140A (en) * 2022-03-25 2022-05-10 覃厚衔 Blade picking mechanism and picking device thereof
CN114731838B (en) * 2022-03-25 2023-10-17 覃厚衔 Rail type blade picking device
CN114451140B (en) * 2022-03-25 2023-10-20 覃厚衔 Leaf picking mechanism and picking device thereof
CN115088478A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-23 石河子大学 A performance test bench for a flower and leaf picking device
CN115486271A (en) * 2022-09-26 2022-12-20 湖南福格森装备科技有限公司 Agricultural all-terrain crawler conveyor with screening function
CN115486271B (en) * 2022-09-26 2023-12-22 湖南福格森装备科技有限公司 Agricultural all-terrain crawler conveyor with screening function
CN117441483A (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-01-26 江苏东机机电科技有限公司 Mulberry She Shouge machine

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