CN107947741A - A kind of wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixer and frequency mixing method - Google Patents
A kind of wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixer and frequency mixing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107947741A CN107947741A CN201711262000.9A CN201711262000A CN107947741A CN 107947741 A CN107947741 A CN 107947741A CN 201711262000 A CN201711262000 A CN 201711262000A CN 107947741 A CN107947741 A CN 107947741A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
- H03D7/00—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing
- H03D7/14—Balanced arrangements
- H03D7/1408—Balanced arrangements with diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/021—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of more than one type of element or means, e.g. BIMOS, composite devices such as IGBT
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixer, impulse generator produces switching pulse signal, the switching pulse signal changes balun by the microstrip line line of rabbet joint first, switching pulse signal is divided into equal in magnitude, phase differs two pulse signals of 180 degree, then two pulse signal loadings in Gating diode circuit, Gating diode circuit is made of the Schottky sampling diode pair being placed on co-planar waveguide, switch of the pulse signal equivalent to control sampling diode pair, as long as impulse amplitude is more than the conducting voltage of sampling diode, sample diode pair conducting, open Gating diode circuit, the radiofrequency signal of input is sampled；Signal after sampling is amplified by the IF amplifier circuit of rear class, is then exported to digital circuits section and is handled.The present invention has the advantages that uniformity is good, integrated level is high, cost is low, reliability is high, is easy to be integrated into one piece of printed board with other radio frequencies and control circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave regime, more particularly to a kind of wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixer, further relates to a kind of wide band radio-frequency
Sample frequency mixing method.
Background technology
Microwave signal, is become the intermediate-freuqncy signal of lower frequency by broadband sampling frequency mixer, while keeps the width of microwave signal
Degree information and phase information are not lost, thus are had been widely used in the frequency conversion system of low local oscillator.Broadband sampling technology
In various systems such as vector network analyzer, ultra-wideband communications receiver, sampling oscilloscope, microwave counter, phaselocked loop devices
In be all very important technology.
Existing broadband sampling frequency mixer uses the method that Microwave Hybrid integrates, and passes through micro strip, gold thread gold in cavity
Net connects together bare chip, film resistor etc., forms broadband sampling mixer module, then passes through the external electricity of feedthrough capacitor
Source controls the work of sampler, and input/output signal realizes signal communication by connector and the external world.
Above-mentioned existing broadband sampling frequency mixer has the shortcomings that uniformity is poor, complicated, of high cost, reliability is low etc.,
And it is unfavorable for being integrated together with other parts circuit.Traditional broadband sampling device is generally realized in hydrid integrated circuit, is needed
Microstrip circuit and bare chip etc. are used, there is complicated, of high cost, reliability is low etc., and is unfavorable for and other portions
Parallel circuit is integrated together.
The content of the invention
To solve deficiency of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixer and frequency mixing method,
Broadband sampling mixting circuit is realized by certain structure in printed board, to overcome lacking for existing broadband sampling frequency mixer
Fall into, relative to traditional hydrid integrated circuit, the present invention is with uniformity is good, integrated level is high, cost is low, reliability is high, is easy to
The advantages that being integrated into other radio frequencies and control circuit in one piece of printed board.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of wide band radio-frequency samples frequency mixer, including：Produce the impulse generator of pulse signal, transmission pulse signal it is micro-
Band line-line of rabbet joint conversion balun and Schottky diode Gating diode circuit；
Impulse generator produces switching pulse signal, which changes balun by microstrip line-line of rabbet joint first,
Switching pulse signal is divided into two pulse signals of phase difference 180 degree equal in magnitude, then two pulse signals are loaded
In Gating diode circuit, Gating diode circuit is made of the Schottky sampling diode pair being placed on co-planar waveguide, pulse
Signal, as long as impulse amplitude is more than the conducting voltage of sampling diode, samples two equivalent to the switch of control sampling diode pair
Pole pipe opens Gating diode circuit, the radiofrequency signal of input is sampled to conducting；Signal after sampling is amplified by the intermediate frequency of rear class
Circuit is amplified, and is then exported to digital circuits section and is handled.
Alternatively, the impulse generator includes：Radio-frequency transformer, promote inductance, RC filter circuits, high resistant transmission line and
Step-recovery diode；
The local oscillation signal of input is subjected to impedance conversion by radio-frequency transformer, then is promoted through inductance, by RC filtered electricals
Road and high resistant line are added on step-recovery diode, and high resistant line prevents high fdrequency component from returning to local oscillator input terminal equivalent to inductance；
Step-recovery diode produces harmonic component, harmonic frequency covering 2MHz-6GHz.
Alternatively, in the Gating diode circuit, radiofrequency signal enters co-planar waveguide from rf inputs, and direction of an electric field refers to
To the ground on both sides, it is added separately on sampling diode, samples the same phase of diode voltage constant amplitude；
During the switching pulse signal that impulse generator produces is from microstrip lines to the line of rabbet joint, to the signal of open circuit line end transmission
After line reflection of opening a way, reflected signal has 180 ° of phase shifts, is just added with to the signal for sampling the transmission of diode direction is same,
The backward sampling diode transmission of synthesis, produces constant amplitude reverse voltage on two diodes；Microstrip line-line of rabbet joint changes balun by arteries and veins
Rush generator generation non-equilibrium sampling pulse conversion in a pair constant amplitude, anti-phase equalizing pulse, equalizing pulse transmitted along the line of rabbet joint,
Finally it is added on sampling diode.
Alternatively, at the sampling diode, the sampled signal of pulse signal diode switch in order to control, radiofrequency signal
Only when diode switch turn on just through over sampling diode reach sampling bridge circuit output, utilize pulse signal completion pair
The sampling process of radiofrequency signal.
Alternatively, the signal transmitted on the line of rabbet joint is transmitted with strange modular form, the microwave signal being added on co-planar waveguide
Transmitted with even modular form, both patterns are mutually isolated.
The invention also provides a kind of wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixing method, passes through impulse generator and produces switching pulse letter
Number, which changes balun by microstrip line-line of rabbet joint first, and switching pulse signal is divided into equal in magnitude, phase
Two pulse signals of 180 degree are differed, then two pulse signals are loaded in Gating diode circuit, Gating diode circuit is by putting
Schottky sampling diode pair composition on co-planar waveguide, pulse signal are opened equivalent to control sampling diode pair
Close, as long as impulse amplitude is more than the conducting voltage of sampling diode, sampling diode pair conducting, opens Gating diode circuit, right
The radiofrequency signal sampling of input；Signal after sampling is amplified by the IF amplifier circuit of rear class, is then exported to digital electricity
Road part is handled.
Alternatively, the impulse generator includes：Radio-frequency transformer, promote inductance, RC filter circuits, high resistant transmission line and
Step-recovery diode；
The local oscillation signal of input is subjected to impedance conversion by radio-frequency transformer, then is promoted through inductance, by RC filtered electricals
Road and high resistant line are added on step-recovery diode, and high resistant line prevents high fdrequency component from returning to local oscillator input terminal equivalent to inductance；
Step-recovery diode produces harmonic component, harmonic frequency covering 2MHz-6GHz.
Alternatively, in the Gating diode circuit, radiofrequency signal enters co-planar waveguide from rf inputs, and direction of an electric field refers to
To the ground on both sides, it is added separately on sampling diode, samples the same phase of diode voltage constant amplitude；
During the switching pulse signal that impulse generator produces is from microstrip lines to the line of rabbet joint, to the signal of open circuit line end transmission
After line reflection of opening a way, reflected signal has 180 ° of phase shifts, is just added with to the signal for sampling the transmission of diode direction is same,
The backward sampling diode transmission of synthesis, produces constant amplitude reverse voltage on two diodes；Microstrip line-line of rabbet joint changes balun by arteries and veins
Rush generator generation non-equilibrium sampling pulse conversion in a pair constant amplitude, anti-phase equalizing pulse, equalizing pulse transmitted along the line of rabbet joint,
Finally it is added on sampling diode.
Alternatively, at the sampling diode, the sampled signal of pulse signal diode switch in order to control, radiofrequency signal
Only when diode switch turn on just through over sampling diode reach sampling bridge circuit output, utilize pulse signal completion pair
The sampling process of radiofrequency signal.
Alternatively, the signal transmitted on the line of rabbet joint is transmitted with strange modular form, the microwave signal being added on co-planar waveguide
Transmitted with even modular form, both patterns are mutually isolated.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) impulse generator can produce the more preferable impulse waveform of amplitude higher, phase noise；
(2) microstrip-slot line balun insertion loss smaller, bandwidth is wider, can reduce the reflection of microwave pulse signal, is more conducive to
Transmission；
(3) the intermediate-freuqncy signal amplitude that sampling mixing produces is high, and signal degree of purity is good, it is easier to processing of circuit below；
(4) integrated circuit can be integrated in one piece of printed board, and small, cost is low.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram that a kind of wide band radio-frequency of the present invention samples frequency mixer；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the impulse generator of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure diagram of the Gating diode circuit of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Existing broadband sampling frequency mixer uses the method that Microwave Hybrid integrates, and passes through micro strip, gold thread gold in cavity
Net connects together bare chip, film resistor etc., forms broadband sampling mixer module, then passes through the external electricity of feedthrough capacitor
Source controls the work of sampler, and input/output signal realizes signal communication by connector and the external world, has that uniformity is poor, structure is multiple
Miscellaneous, the of high cost, shortcoming such as reliability is low, and be unfavorable for being integrated together with other parts circuit.
The present invention realizes broadband sampling mixting circuit in printed board by certain structure, to overcome existing broadband
Sample frequency mixer the defects of, relative to traditional hydrid integrated circuit, circuit of the invention have uniformity is good, integrated level is high,
Cost is low, reliability is high, the advantages that being easy to be integrated into one piece of printed board with other radio frequencies and control circuit.
As shown in Figure 1, the sampling frequency mixer of the present invention includes：Produce the impulse generator of pulse signal, transmission pulse letter
Number microstrip line-line of rabbet joint conversion balun and Schottky diode Gating diode circuit.
Impulse generator produces extremely narrow switching pulse signal, which contains abundant harmonic wave, therefore, should
Extremely narrow switching pulse signal changes balun by microstrip line-line of rabbet joint first, and switching pulse signal is divided into equal in magnitude, phase phase
Two pulse signals of poor 180 degree, then load two pulse signals in Gating diode circuit, Gating diode circuit is by being placed on
On co-planar waveguide a Schottky sampling diode pair composition, pulse signal equivalent to control diode pair switch, as long as
Impulse amplitude is more than the conducting voltage of sampling diode, and diode pair conducting, can open Gating diode circuit, input is penetrated
Frequency sample of signal；Signal after sampling is amplified by IF amplifier circuit below, then export to digital circuits section into
Row processing.
Impulse generator provides impulse waveform for broadband sampling frequency mixer, and step-recovery diode is generally used in the generation of pulse
(SRD) realize.Since under the action of sinusoidal signal, step-recovery diode can be presented in the different spy of general-purpose diode
Property.To general-purpose diode, turned on when positive, cut-off (only minimum reverse saturation current) when reverse, and step recovers two
Pole pipe is not ended immediately in voltage reversal, and continues to have very big reverse current to flow through, and is just jumped rapidly until a certain moment
It is changed into ending, so forming a very narrow step pulse waveform at its both ends.
As shown in Fig. 2, the part of impulse generator includes：Radio-frequency transformer, promote inductance L, match circuit RC, height
Transmission line and SRD pipes (step-recovery diode) are hindered, the low local oscillation signals of the 50MHz of input are subjected to impedance conversion by transformer
(transformer is in back of circuit board), then promoted through inductance, it is added to by RC filter circuits and high resistant line on step-recovery diode,
High resistant line plays the role of preventing high fdrequency component from returning to local oscillator input terminal, step-recovery diode produces rich equivalent to inductance
Rich harmonic component, harmonic frequency covering 2MHz-6GHz, the pulse amplitude of generation is high, and phase noise is good, while circuit energy
Prevent pulse signal from returning to local oscillator input terminal, improve the isolation of local oscillator and radio frequency intermediate frequency.
The structure of Gating diode circuit is as shown in figure 3, radiofrequency signal enters co-planar waveguide, direction of an electric field from rf inputs
The ground on both sides is directed toward, is added separately on sampling diode, its same phase of voltage constant amplitude.The pulse signal that impulse generator produces is under
The microstrip lines in face are anti-through open-circuit line to the ripple of open-circuit line (1/4 wavelength line of rabbet joint open-circuit line) end transmission into the line of rabbet joint above
After penetrating, back wave has 180 ° of phase shifts, just synthesizes backward sampling two with being added with the ripple to the transmission of sampling diode direction
Pole pipe is transmitted, and constant amplitude reverse voltage is produced on two diodes.So step is just recovered two by microstrip line-line of rabbet joint conversion balun
Non-equilibrium sampling pulse conversion constant amplitude, the anti-phase equalizing pulse in a pair that pole pipe produces, they are transmitted along the line of rabbet joint, are finally added to
Sample on diode.
As shown in figure 3, at sampling diode, the sampled signal of pulse signal approximation diode switch in order to control, and penetrate
Frequency signal only could reach following sampling bridge circuit through over sampling diode when switch conduction and export, and so make use of
Pulse signal completes the sampling process to radiofrequency signal.
The signal transmitted on the line of rabbet joint is transmitted with strange modular form, and the microwave signal being added on co-planar waveguide is with even modular form
Transmission, both patterns are mutually isolated, thus the isolation of local oscillator port and prevention at radio-frequency port can be made high.
Microstrip line-line of rabbet joint conversion balun, using microstrip line and line of rabbet joint transformational structure, due to 1/4 wavelength line of rabbet joint open-circuit line
Use so that microstrip-slot line balun has the insertion loss and standing-wave ratio of very little, is more conducive to the transmission of microwave pulse signal.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wide band radio-frequency samples frequency mixer, it is characterised in that including：Produce impulse generator, the transmission arteries and veins of pulse signal
Rush the microstrip line-line of rabbet joint conversion balun and Schottky diode Gating diode circuit of signal；
Impulse generator produces switching pulse signal, which changes balun by the microstrip line-line of rabbet joint first, opening
Two pulse signals that pulse signal is divided into phase difference 180 degree equal in magnitude are closed, then two pulse signal loadings are being taken
Sample door pipe circuit, Gating diode circuit are made of the Schottky sampling diode pair being placed on co-planar waveguide, pulse signal
Equivalent to the switch of control sampling diode pair, as long as impulse amplitude is more than the conducting voltage of sampling diode, diode is sampled
To conducting, Gating diode circuit is opened, the radiofrequency signal of input is sampled；Signal after sampling by rear class IF amplifier circuit
It is amplified, then exports to digital circuits section and handled.
2. a kind of wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the impulse generator includes：
Radio-frequency transformer, promote inductance, RC filter circuits, high resistant transmission line and step-recovery diode；
The local oscillation signal of input is subjected to impedance conversion by radio-frequency transformer, then is promoted through inductance, by RC filter circuits and
High resistant line is added on step-recovery diode, and high resistant line prevents high fdrequency component from returning to local oscillator input terminal equivalent to inductance；
Step-recovery diode produces harmonic component, harmonic frequency covering 2MHz-6GHz.
A kind of 3. wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the Gating diode circuit,
Radiofrequency signal enters co-planar waveguide from rf inputs, and direction of an electric field is directed toward the ground on both sides, is added separately on sampling diode, takes
The same phase of sample diode voltage constant amplitude；
During the switching pulse signal that impulse generator produces is from microstrip lines to the line of rabbet joint, the signal transmitted to open circuit line end is through opening
After route reflection, reflected signal has 180 ° of phase shifts, is just synthesized with the signal to the transmission of sampling diode direction with being added
Backward sampling diode transmission, produces constant amplitude reverse voltage on two diodes；Microstrip line-line of rabbet joint conversion balun sends out pulse
Constant amplitude, anti-phase equalizing pulse, equalizing pulse are transmitted along the line of rabbet joint in a pair for the non-equilibrium sampling pulse conversion that raw device produces, finally
It is added on sampling diode.
A kind of 4. wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that at the sampling diode,
The sampled signal of pulse signal diode switch in order to control, radiofrequency signal only when diode switch turn on ability through over sampling
Diode reaches sampling bridge circuit output, and the sampling process to radiofrequency signal is completed using pulse signal.
A kind of 5. wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixer as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the letter transmitted on the line of rabbet joint
Number transmitted with strange modular form, the microwave signal being added on co-planar waveguide transmitted with even modular form, both patterns are mutually isolated.
6. a kind of wide band radio-frequency samples frequency mixing method, it is characterised in that produces switching pulse signal by impulse generator, this is opened
Close pulse signal and balun is changed by microstrip line-line of rabbet joint first, switching pulse signal is divided into equal in magnitude, phase difference 180
Two pulse signals of degree, then load two pulse signals coplanar by being placed in Gating diode circuit, Gating diode circuit
Schottky sampling diode pair composition in waveguide, pulse signal sample the switch of diode pair equivalent to control, as long as
Impulse amplitude is more than the conducting voltage of sampling diode, and sampling diode pair conducting, opens Gating diode circuit, input is penetrated
Frequency sample of signal；Signal after sampling is amplified by the IF amplifier circuit of rear class, then export to digital circuits section into
Row processing.
A kind of 7. wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixing method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the impulse generator bag
Include：Radio-frequency transformer, promote inductance, RC filter circuits, high resistant transmission line and step-recovery diode；
The local oscillation signal of input is subjected to impedance conversion by radio-frequency transformer, then is promoted through inductance, by RC filter circuits and
High resistant line is added on step-recovery diode, and high resistant line prevents high fdrequency component from returning to local oscillator input terminal equivalent to inductance；
Step-recovery diode produces harmonic component, harmonic frequency covering 2MHz-6GHz.
A kind of 8. wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixing method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the Gating diode circuit
In, radiofrequency signal enters co-planar waveguide from rf inputs, and direction of an electric field is directed toward the ground on both sides, is added separately to sampling diode
On, sample the same phase of diode voltage constant amplitude；
During the switching pulse signal that impulse generator produces is from microstrip lines to the line of rabbet joint, the signal transmitted to open circuit line end is through opening
After route reflection, reflected signal has 180 ° of phase shifts, is just synthesized with the signal to the transmission of sampling diode direction with being added
Backward sampling diode transmission, produces constant amplitude reverse voltage on two diodes；Microstrip line-line of rabbet joint conversion balun sends out pulse
Constant amplitude, anti-phase equalizing pulse, equalizing pulse are transmitted along the line of rabbet joint in a pair for the non-equilibrium sampling pulse conversion that raw device produces, finally
It is added on sampling diode.
9. a kind of wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixing method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that in the sampling diode
Place, the sampled signal of pulse signal diode switch in order to control, radiofrequency signal only just process when diode switch turn on
Sample diode and reach sampling bridge circuit output, the sampling process to radiofrequency signal is completed using pulse signal.
10. a kind of wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixing method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that transmitted on the line of rabbet joint
Signal transmitted with strange modular form, the microwave signal being added on co-planar waveguide is transmitted with even modular form, both patterns mutually every
From.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711262000.9A CN107947741A (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | A kind of wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixer and frequency mixing method |
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| CN201711262000.9A CN107947741A (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | A kind of wide band radio-frequency sampling frequency mixer and frequency mixing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110133389A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of tangential near field electrical field test probe in broadband suitable for GPS frequency range |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06283935A (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1994-10-07 | Shimada Phys & Chem Ind Co Ltd | Frequency converter |
| CN107040216A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-08-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | A kind of wide band radio-frequency samples frequency mixer |
-
2017
- 2017-12-04 CN CN201711262000.9A patent/CN107947741A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06283935A (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1994-10-07 | Shimada Phys & Chem Ind Co Ltd | Frequency converter |
| CN107040216A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-08-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | A kind of wide band radio-frequency samples frequency mixer |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110133389A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of tangential near field electrical field test probe in broadband suitable for GPS frequency range |
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Application publication date: 20180420 |