CN107947572A - A kind of series hybrid multiport DC/DC converters suitable for energy-storage units access - Google Patents
A kind of series hybrid multiport DC/DC converters suitable for energy-storage units access Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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Abstract
一种适用于储能单元接入的串联混合型多端口DC/DC变换器，包括单向升压DC/DC变换器、串联型双向DC/DC单元，所述单向升压DC/DC变换器包括电源U1、电感L1、开关管S1、二极管DO、电容CO；电源U1正极连接电感L1一端，电感L1另一端连接开关管S1漏极、串联型双向DC/DC单元一侧，电源U1负极连接开关管S1源极、电容CO一端，电容CO另一端连接二极管DO阴极，二极管DO阳极连接串联型双向DC/DC单元另一侧；所述串联型双向DC/DC单元为多个，多个串联型双向DC/DC单元串联或者并联。本发明通过改进双向DC/DC变换器的结构，提出了一种串联型双向DC/DC单元拓扑以及串联混合型MPC的构建思路和实现方案，实现了储能单元串联接入，具有结构简单、控制方便等优点。
A series hybrid multi-port DC/DC converter suitable for accessing energy storage units, including a unidirectional boost DC/DC converter and a series bidirectional DC/DC unit, the unidirectional boost DC/DC conversion The device includes a power supply U 1 , an inductor L 1 , a switch tube S 1 , a diode D O , and a capacitor C O ; the positive pole of the power supply U 1 is connected to one end of the inductor L 1 , and the other end of the inductor L 1 is connected to the drain of the switch tube S 1 . On one side of the /DC unit, the negative electrode of the power supply U1 is connected to the source of the switch tube S1, one end of the capacitor C O , the other end of the capacitor C O is connected to the cathode of the diode D O , and the anode of the diode D O is connected to the other side of the series bidirectional DC/DC unit; There are multiple serial bidirectional DC/DC units, and multiple serial bidirectional DC/DC units are connected in series or in parallel. By improving the structure of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the present invention proposes a series bidirectional DC/DC unit topology and a construction idea and implementation scheme of a series hybrid MPC, and realizes the series connection of energy storage units, which has a simple structure, Advantages such as convenient control.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种DC/DC变换器，具体说是一种适用于储能单元接入的串联混合型多端口DC/DC变换器。The invention relates to a DC/DC converter, in particular to a serial hybrid multi-port DC/DC converter suitable for connecting energy storage units.
背景技术Background technique
随着能源危机、温室效应以及大气污染等全球问题的日益严重，光伏发电、燃料电池发电等新能源发电技术得到了广泛的关注和快速发展，含储能单元的新能源发电系统能够平滑新能源微电源的发电出力，提高系统并网稳定性。现有的并联混合型多端口变换器方案中储能单元一般以并联的形式与升压DC/DC变换器或者直流母线相连，传统的并联式结构虽然能够解决微电源发电出力以及并网时系统稳定性的问题，但是由于并联式结构的原因使储能系统每次充电时都要进行两次电能转换，造成电能浪费及电能利用率低等问题，另外并联式结构还会增加系统设计成本以及控制器设计的复杂度。因此，改进现有并联式结构对于减少储能系统能量转换次数、提高系统能量利用率、降低系统设计成本及优化控制器设计具有重要意义。With the increasing global problems such as energy crisis, greenhouse effect and air pollution, new energy power generation technologies such as photovoltaic power generation and fuel cell power generation have received extensive attention and rapid development. New energy power generation systems including energy storage units can smooth new energy The power generation output of the micro power supply improves the grid-connected stability of the system. In the existing parallel hybrid multi-port converter scheme, the energy storage unit is generally connected in parallel with the step-up DC/DC converter or the DC bus. Although the traditional parallel structure can solve the problem of micro-power generation output and grid-connected system However, due to the parallel structure, the energy storage system needs to perform two electric energy conversions every time it is charged, resulting in waste of electric energy and low utilization of electric energy. In addition, the parallel structure will increase the system design cost and Complexity of controller design. Therefore, improving the existing parallel structure is of great significance to reduce the energy conversion times of the energy storage system, improve the energy utilization rate of the system, reduce the system design cost and optimize the controller design.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述现有技术的不足，本发明重点解决储能单元并联式结构造成的能量转换次数多，能量利用率低等问题，提出了一种适用于储能单元接入的串联混合型多端口DC/DC变换器。本发明通过改进双向DC/DC变换器的结构，提出了一种串联型双向DC/DC单元拓扑以及串联混合型MPC的构建思路和实现方案，实现了储能单元串联接入，具有结构简单、控制方便等优点，与传统并联混合型MPC相比，该方案能够显著的减少储能单元的能量转换次数，从而降低能量损耗，提高能量的利用率。Aiming at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention focuses on solving the problems of many energy conversion times and low energy utilization rate caused by the parallel structure of the energy storage unit, and proposes a series hybrid multi-port DC suitable for the access of the energy storage unit /DC converter. By improving the structure of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the present invention proposes a series bidirectional DC/DC unit topology and a construction idea and implementation scheme of a series hybrid MPC, and realizes the series connection of energy storage units, which has a simple structure, Compared with the traditional parallel hybrid MPC, this solution can significantly reduce the energy conversion times of the energy storage unit, thereby reducing energy loss and improving energy utilization.
本发明采取的技术方案为：The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
一种适用于储能单元接入的串联混合型多端口DC/DC变换器，包括单向升压DC/DC变换器、串联型双向DC/DC单元，所述单向升压DC/DC变换器包括电源U1、电感L1、开关管S1、二极管DO、电容CO；电源U1正极连接电感L1一端，电感L1另一端连接开关管 S1漏极、串联型双向DC/DC单元一侧，电源U1负极连接开关管S1源极、电容CO一端，电容CO另一端连接二极管DO阴极，二极管DO阳极连接串联型双向DC/DC单元另一侧；A series hybrid multi-port DC/DC converter suitable for accessing energy storage units, including a unidirectional boost DC/DC converter and a series bidirectional DC/DC unit, the unidirectional boost DC/DC conversion The device includes a power supply U 1 , an inductor L 1 , a switch tube S 1 , a diode D O , and a capacitor C O ; the positive pole of the power supply U 1 is connected to one end of the inductor L 1 , and the other end of the inductor L 1 is connected to the drain of the switch tube S 1 . On one side of the /DC unit, the negative electrode of the power supply U1 is connected to the source of the switch tube S1, one end of the capacitor C O , the other end of the capacitor C O is connected to the cathode of the diode D O , and the anode of the diode D O is connected to the other side of the series bidirectional DC/DC unit;
所述串联型双向DC/DC单元包括储能单元UB、开关管S2、开关管S3、二极管D1、二极管D2；The series-type bidirectional DC/DC unit includes an energy storage unit UB, a switching tube S 2 , a switching tube S 3 , a diode D 1 , and a diode D 2 ;
开关管S2漏极连接二极管D1阳极，二极管D1阴极连接开关管S3漏极，开关管S3源极连接二极管D2阴极，二极管D2阳极连接开关管S2源极，储能单元UB正极连接二极管 D1阴极，储能单元UB负极连接二极管D2阳极； The drain of switch tube S2 is connected to the anode of diode D1, the cathode of diode D1 is connected to the drain of switch tube S3, the source of switch tube S3 is connected to the cathode of diode D2 , and the anode of diode D2 is connected to the source of switch tube S2 for energy storage The anode of the unit U B is connected to the cathode of the diode D 1 , and the cathode of the energy storage unit U B is connected to the anode of the diode D 2 ;
所述串联型双向DC/DC单元为多个，多个串联型双向DC/DC单元串联或者并联。串联型双向DC/DC单元由三个开关管：开关管S2、开关管S3和两个二极管：二极管D1、二极管D2，分别构成双向DC/DC变换器的充电支路、放电支路及旁路；There are multiple serial bidirectional DC/DC units, and multiple serial bidirectional DC/DC units are connected in series or in parallel. The series bidirectional DC/DC unit consists of three switching tubes: switching tube S2, switching tube S3 and two diodes: diode D1 and diode D2 , which constitute the charging branch and discharging branch of the bidirectional DC/DC converter respectively. roads and bypasses;
当开关管S1、S2均关断时，二极管D1、D2导通，储能单元UB处于充电状态；When the switch tubes S 1 and S 2 are both turned off, the diodes D 1 and D 2 are turned on, and the energy storage unit UB is in a charging state;
当开关管S1、S2导通，二极管D1、D2关断，储能单元处于放电状态；When the switch tubes S 1 and S 2 are turned on, the diodes D 1 and D 2 are turned off, and the energy storage unit is in a discharge state;
当开关管S1、S2只有一个开关管导通时，储能单元被旁路，不参与电路中的能量转换；串联混合型MPC中，通过将多个串联型双向DC/DC单元分别进行串联或者并联后、再与单向升压DC/DC变换器进行串联，可以实现N(N≥1)个储能单元同时接入。When only one of the switch tubes S 1 and S 2 is turned on, the energy storage unit is bypassed and does not participate in the energy conversion in the circuit; in the series hybrid MPC, multiple series bidirectional DC/DC units are respectively After being connected in series or in parallel, and then connected in series with a unidirectional step-up DC/DC converter, N (N≥1) energy storage units can be simultaneously connected.
一种路灯照明系统，光伏电池连接单向升压DC/DC变换器，单向升压DC/DC变换器与串联型双向DC/DC单元连接，串联型双向DC/DC单元连接直流母线；A street lamp lighting system, a photovoltaic cell is connected to a unidirectional step-up DC/DC converter, the unidirectional step-up DC/DC converter is connected to a series-type bidirectional DC/DC unit, and the series-type bidirectional DC/DC unit is connected to a DC bus;
直流母线连接双向DC/AC变换器，双向DC/AC变换器连接交流电网；The DC bus is connected to the bidirectional DC/AC converter, and the bidirectional DC/AC converter is connected to the AC grid;
直流母线连接DC/AC变换器，DC/AC变换器连接交流负荷；The DC bus is connected to the DC/AC converter, and the DC/AC converter is connected to the AC load;
直流母线连接DC/DC变换器，DC/DC变换器连接直流负荷。The DC bus is connected to the DC/DC converter, and the DC/DC converter is connected to the DC load.
本发明一种适用于储能单元接入的串联混合型多端口DC/DC变换器，具有如下有益效果：The present invention is a series hybrid multi-port DC/DC converter suitable for energy storage unit access, which has the following beneficial effects:
1.本发明将储能单元以串联的形式接入到单向升压DC/DC变换器中，使储能单元通过串联型双向DC/DC单元和单向升压DC/DC变换器形成一个完整的电力电子系统，减少了变换器的设计成本，同时也可以减少控制器的设计难度，使集中控制更加简单。1. In the present invention, the energy storage unit is connected in series to the unidirectional step-up DC/DC converter, so that the energy storage unit forms a single step-up DC/DC converter through the series bidirectional DC/DC unit and the unidirectional step-up DC/DC converter. The complete power electronic system reduces the design cost of the converter, and also reduces the design difficulty of the controller, making centralized control easier.
2.串联型双向DC/DC单元可将储能单元与单向升压DC/DC变换器串联在一起。储能单元在充电过程中，电能可直接由单向升压DC/DC变换器转换到储能单元中，减少了能量由升压DC/DC变换器传给负载，再由负载将能量转换到储能单元中这一间接过程，因而减少了能量的转换次数，提高了能量的利用率。2. The series type bidirectional DC/DC unit can connect the energy storage unit and the unidirectional step-up DC/DC converter in series. During the charging process of the energy storage unit, the electric energy can be directly converted into the energy storage unit by the unidirectional step-up DC/DC converter, which reduces the energy transferred from the step-up DC/DC converter to the load, and then the load converts the energy to This indirect process in the energy storage unit reduces the number of energy conversions and improves energy utilization.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention will be further described:
图1是传统并联混合型MPC原理框图。Figure 1 is a block diagram of a traditional parallel hybrid MPC.
图2是本发明串联混合型MPC原理框图。Fig. 2 is a principle block diagram of the serial hybrid MPC of the present invention.
图3是本发明应用于Boost变换器中N个串联型双向DC/DC单元并联形成一串联混合型MPC原理图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to a Boost converter in which N series bidirectional DC/DC units are connected in parallel to form a series hybrid MPC.
图4时本发明应用于Boost变换器中N个串联型双向DC/DC单元串联形成一串联混合型MPC原理图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to a Boost converter in which N series bidirectional DC/DC units are connected in series to form a series hybrid MPC.
图5是本发明应用于Boost变换器中1个串联型双向DC/DC单元形成一MPC原理图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to a Boost converter to form an MPC with a serial bidirectional DC/DC unit.
图6是本发明所述单个串联型双向DC/DC单元电路图。Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a single serial bidirectional DC/DC unit according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
一种适用于储能单元接入的串联混合型多端口DC/DC变换器，包括单向升压DC/DC变换器、串联型双向DC/DC单元，所述单向升压DC/DC变换器包括电源U1、电感L1、开关管S1、二极管DO、电容CO；电源U1正极连接电感L1一端，电感L1另一端连接开关管 S1漏极、串联型双向DC/DC单元一侧，电源U1负极连接开关管S1源极、电容CO一端，电容CO另一端连接二极管DO阴极，二极管DO阳极连接串联型双向DC/DC单元另一侧；所述串联型双向DC/DC单元包括储能单元UB、开关管S2、开关管S3、二极管D1、二极管D2；A series hybrid multi-port DC/DC converter suitable for accessing energy storage units, including a unidirectional boost DC/DC converter and a series bidirectional DC/DC unit, the unidirectional boost DC/DC conversion The device includes a power supply U 1 , an inductor L 1 , a switch tube S 1 , a diode D O , and a capacitor C O ; the positive pole of the power supply U 1 is connected to one end of the inductor L 1 , and the other end of the inductor L 1 is connected to the drain of the switch tube S 1 . On one side of the /DC unit, the negative electrode of the power supply U1 is connected to the source of the switch tube S1, one end of the capacitor C O , the other end of the capacitor C O is connected to the cathode of the diode D O , and the anode of the diode D O is connected to the other side of the series bidirectional DC/DC unit; The series-type bidirectional DC/DC unit includes an energy storage unit UB, a switching tube S 2 , a switching tube S 3 , a diode D 1 , and a diode D 2 ;
开关管S2漏极连接二极管D1阳极，二极管D1阴极连接开关管S3漏极，开关管S3源极连接二极管D2阴极，二极管D2阳极连接开关管S2源极，储能单元UB正极连接二极管D1阴极，储能单元UB负极连接二极管D2阳极； The drain of switch tube S2 is connected to the anode of diode D1, the cathode of diode D1 is connected to the drain of switch tube S3, the source of switch tube S3 is connected to the cathode of diode D2 , and the anode of diode D2 is connected to the source of switch tube S2 for energy storage The anode of the unit U B is connected to the cathode of the diode D 1 , and the cathode of the energy storage unit U B is connected to the anode of the diode D 2 ;
所述串联型双向DC/DC单元为多个，多个串联型双向DC/DC单元串联或者并联。There are multiple serial bidirectional DC/DC units, and multiple serial bidirectional DC/DC units are connected in series or in parallel.
串联型双向DC/DC单元由三个开关管：开关管S2、开关管S3和两个二极管：二极管D1、二极管D2，分别构成双向DC/DC变换器的充电支路、放电支路及旁路；The series bidirectional DC/DC unit consists of three switching tubes: switching tube S2, switching tube S3 and two diodes: diode D1 and diode D2 , which constitute the charging branch and discharging branch of the bidirectional DC/DC converter respectively. roads and bypasses;
当开关管S1、S2均关断时，二极管D1、D2导通，储能单元UB处于充电状态；直流微电源给储能单元充电时，直接通过串联混合型MPC给储能单元充电，不需要转换为直流母线电压后再通过双向DC/DC变换器给储能单元充电，因而减少了中间级能量转换，提高了能量利用效率。When the switch tubes S 1 and S 2 are both turned off, the diodes D 1 and D 2 are turned on, and the energy storage unit UB is in the charging state; when the DC micro power supply charges the energy storage unit, it directly supplies the energy storage unit through the series hybrid MPC Unit charging does not need to be converted into a DC bus voltage and then charged to the energy storage unit through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, thus reducing intermediate-level energy conversion and improving energy utilization efficiency.
当开关管S1、S2导通，二极管D1、D2关断，储能单元处于放电状态；When the switch tubes S 1 and S 2 are turned on, the diodes D 1 and D 2 are turned off, and the energy storage unit is in a discharge state;
当开关管S1、S2只有一个开关管导通时，储能单元被旁路，不参与电路中的能量转换；串联混合型MPC中，通过将多个串联型双向DC/DC单元分别进行串联或者并联后、再与单向升压DC/DC变换器进行串联，可以实现N(N≥1)个储能单元同时接入。When only one of the switch tubes S 1 and S 2 is turned on, the energy storage unit is bypassed and does not participate in the energy conversion in the circuit; in the series hybrid MPC, multiple series bidirectional DC/DC units are respectively After being connected in series or in parallel, and then connected in series with a unidirectional step-up DC/DC converter, N (N≥1) energy storage units can be simultaneously connected.
一种路灯照明系统，光伏电池连接单向升压DC/DC变换器，单向升压DC/DC变换器与串联型双向DC/DC单元连接，串联型双向DC/DC单元连接直流母线；A street lamp lighting system, a photovoltaic cell is connected to a unidirectional step-up DC/DC converter, the unidirectional step-up DC/DC converter is connected to a series-type bidirectional DC/DC unit, and the series-type bidirectional DC/DC unit is connected to a DC bus;
直流母线连接双向DC/AC变换器，双向DC/AC变换器连接交流电网；The DC bus is connected to the bidirectional DC/AC converter, and the bidirectional DC/AC converter is connected to the AC grid;
直流母线连接DC/AC变换器，DC/AC变换器连接交流负荷；The DC bus is connected to the DC/AC converter, and the DC/AC converter is connected to the AC load;
直流母线连接DC/DC变换器，DC/DC变换器连接直流负荷。The DC bus is connected to the DC/DC converter, and the DC/DC converter is connected to the DC load.
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
图1和图2分别为传统并联混合型MPC原理框图以及本发明提出的串联混合型MPC原理框图，由图1可知储能单元与直流母线直接相连，与单向升压DC/DC变换器形成一种并联式结构，在储能单元充电过程中，直流微电源中的电能首先通过升压DC/DC变换器将电压升高至直流母线电压，再通过与直流母线并联的双向DC/DC变换器将冗余电能储存到储能单元中，因而直流微电源在给储能单元充电过程中要经过两次电能转换，电能转换次数多，造成电能浪费、电能利用率低等问题。根据以上问题本发明通过改进双向DC/DC变换器结构，提出一种串联混合型多端口MPC，如图2所示，该串联混合型MPC实现了单向升压DC/DC变换器与双向DC/DC变换器的串联，减少了直流微电源给储能单元充电过程中，电能转换为直流母线电压这一过程，从而减少了电能转换次数，提高了电能利用率。Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the principle block diagram of traditional parallel hybrid MPC and the principle block diagram of series hybrid MPC proposed by the present invention respectively. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the energy storage unit is directly connected with the DC bus, and forms a unidirectional step-up DC/DC converter. A parallel structure. During the charging process of the energy storage unit, the electric energy in the DC micro power supply first increases the voltage to the DC bus voltage through the step-up DC/DC converter, and then passes through the bidirectional DC/DC conversion in parallel with the DC bus. The inverter stores redundant electric energy in the energy storage unit, so the DC micro power supply needs to undergo two electric energy conversions in the process of charging the energy storage unit, and the number of electric energy conversions is too many, resulting in problems such as waste of electric energy and low utilization rate of electric energy. According to the above problems, the present invention proposes a series hybrid multi-port MPC by improving the structure of the bidirectional DC/DC converter. The series connection of the /DC converter reduces the process of converting electric energy into DC bus voltage during the charging process of the DC micro power supply to the energy storage unit, thereby reducing the number of electric energy conversions and improving the utilization rate of electric energy.
如图3所示为本发明应用于Boost变换器中N个串联型双向DC/DC单元并联形成一串联混合型MPC原理图，该串联型混合型MPC通过将N个串联型双向DC/DC单元并联之后再与Boost变换器串联，形成一个具有N+2个端口的串联混合型MPC，该串联混合型MPC可以同时实现N各储能单元和1个新能源微电源同时接入，各个储能单元之间可以单独工作，互不干扰。该串联混合型MPC不仅可以减少储能单元在充电过程中由于电能转换次数多，造成的电能浪费问题，而且将N个储能单元并联的形式极大提高了系统功率容量及系统并网稳定性。As shown in Figure 3, the present invention is applied to N series bidirectional DC/DC units in parallel in Boost converters to form a schematic diagram of a series hybrid MPC. The series hybrid MPC is connected by N series bidirectional DC/DC units After parallel connection, it is connected in series with the Boost converter to form a series hybrid MPC with N+2 ports. This series hybrid MPC can realize the simultaneous access of N energy storage units and 1 new energy micro power supply at the same time, and each energy storage Units can work independently without interfering with each other. The series hybrid MPC can not only reduce the waste of electric energy caused by the many times of electric energy conversion in the charging process of the energy storage unit, but also greatly improve the power capacity of the system and the stability of the grid connection by connecting N energy storage units in parallel. .
如图4所示为本发明应用于Boost变换器中N个串联型双向DC/DC单元串联形成一串联混合型MPC原理图，该串联混合型MPC通过将N个串联型双向DC/DC单元与Boost电路串联，形成一个具有N+2个端口的串联混合型MPC，N个储能单元可以同时或者单独进行充放电。As shown in Fig. 4, it is a schematic diagram of a serial hybrid MPC formed by connecting N serial bidirectional DC/DC units in series in a Boost converter in which the present invention is applied. The series hybrid MPC combines N serial bidirectional DC/DC units with Boost circuits are connected in series to form a series hybrid MPC with N+2 ports, and N energy storage units can be charged and discharged simultaneously or individually.
如图5所示为本发明应用于Boost变换器中1个串联型双向DC/DC单元形成一MPC原理图，该电路可分为三个工作模态：储能单元充电模态、储能单元放电模态及储能单元被旁路模态；As shown in Figure 5, the present invention is applied to a series bidirectional DC/DC unit in a Boost converter to form a schematic diagram of an MPC. The circuit can be divided into three working modes: energy storage unit charging mode, energy storage unit Discharging mode and energy storage unit bypassed mode;
模态一：开关S1、S2、S3均关断，此时二极管D1、D2、DO均导通，电源U1经过电感L 给储能单元UB充电，同时电容CO充电，为负载RL供电。Mode 1: Switches S 1 , S 2 , and S 3 are all turned off. At this time, diodes D 1 , D 2 , and D O are all turned on. The power supply U 1 charges the energy storage unit U B through the inductor L, and the capacitor C O Charging and supplying power to the load RL .
模态二：开关S1关断、S2、S3导通，二极管D1、D2关断、DO导通，储能单元处于放电状态，电源U1和UB同时给电容CO充电。Mode 2: Switch S 1 is turned off, S 2 and S 3 are turned on, diodes D 1 and D 2 are turned off, D O is turned on, the energy storage unit is in the discharge state, and power supply U 1 and U B simultaneously feed capacitor C O Charge.
模态三：该模态可以分为两种的工作情况：(1)开关S1关断、S2导通、S3关断(或 S2关断、S3导通)，二极管D1(或D2)导通、DO导通，此时储能单元处于被旁路状态，负载由电源U1单独供电；(2)开关S1导通、S2、S3均关断，二极管D1、D1、DO均关断，此时电感L充电，CO放电为负载供电，储能单元仍处于被旁路状态，不参与电路中的能量转换。Mode 3: This mode can be divided into two working conditions: (1) Switch S 1 is off, S 2 is on, S 3 is off (or S 2 is off, S 3 is on), diode D 1 (or D 2 ) is turned on, and D O is turned on. At this time, the energy storage unit is in the bypass state, and the load is powered by the power supply U 1 alone; (2) the switch S 1 is turned on, and both S 2 and S 3 are turned off. Diodes D 1 , D 1 , and D O are all turned off. At this time, the inductor L is charged, and C O is discharged to supply power to the load. The energy storage unit is still in a bypass state and does not participate in the energy conversion in the circuit.
综上所述，本发明通过串联型双向DC/DC单元实现了储能单元串联接入，提出了一种串联混合型MPC拓扑结构以及其构造方法，该串联混合型MPC有效的解决了传统储能单元通过双向DC/DC变换器并联式结构所带来的能量转换次数多，能量利用率低的问题。本发明适用于含储能单元的直流微电网中，上述实施范例仅仅是为了工作原理阐述简单而构建的串联混合型MPC，在实际应用中，可以根据实际情况对本方案稍作改进，达到优化效率和节约成本的目的。To sum up, the present invention realizes the series connection of energy storage units through series-type bidirectional DC/DC units, and proposes a series-hybrid MPC topology and its construction method. The series-hybrid MPC effectively solves the problem of traditional Energy units through the parallel structure of bidirectional DC/DC converters bring about many energy conversion times and low energy utilization. The present invention is applicable to DC microgrids with energy storage units. The above implementation example is only a series hybrid MPC constructed for the sake of simple description of the working principle. In practical applications, this scheme can be slightly improved according to the actual situation to achieve optimal efficiency. and cost saving purposes.
本发明的上述实施范例仅仅是为说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其他不同形式的变化和变动。这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。The above-mentioned implementation examples of the present invention are only examples for illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other variations and modifications in various forms can be made on the basis of the above description. All the implementation manners cannot be exhaustively listed here. All obvious changes or changes derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
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