CN107941353A - A kind of mensuration based on the associated coherence vortex topological charge of two-photon - Google Patents
A kind of mensuration based on the associated coherence vortex topological charge of two-photon Download PDFInfo
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- PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N (1s,3r,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e,18s,19r,20r,21s,25r,27r,30r,31r,33s,35r,37s,38r)-3-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6r)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-19,25,27,30,31,33,35,37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-4,6,8,10 Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2.O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method based on the associated coherence vortex topological charge of two-photon.The measuring method based on the associated coherence vortex topological charge of two-photon includes the following steps：Produce incoherent entangled photon pairs；The entangled photon pairs are divided into i photons and s photons by beam splitter；Control computer makes to obtain vortex phase by the s photons of spatial light modulator, and optical signal then is coupled to single mode optical fiber, spot measurement is carried out with avalanche diode；Control computer makes to obtain specific amplitude and phase by the i photons of spatial light modulator, and optical signal then is coupled to single mode optical fiber, spot measurement is carried out with avalanche diode；Optical signal measured by two-way is associated and calculates and is recorded with computer；By varying the transmission coefficient of the spatial light modulator of light path where i photons, the maximum in output relating value is found；I photon transmission coefficients corresponding to the maximum are exactly the vortex topology charge values of s photons.The present invention, as light source, measures the topological charge of coherence vortex in single photon level, has the advantages that measurement result is accurate, measurement range is big using incoherent entangled photon pairs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring coherent vortex topological charge based on two-photon correlation, and belongs to the field of quantum sensing.
Technical Field
The vortex beam is a special optical field with a spiral phase wavefront and the phase distribution function of the optical field is exp (il theta), and each photon of the optical field carries a specific orbital angular momentumWhere l is called the topological charge and θ is the azimuth. For partially coherent light with poor coherence, there is generally no optical vortex with zero intensity, but there is a coherent vortex with zero spectral coherence or mutual coherence function. The topological charge of the coherent vortex has important application prospect in optical tweezers, laser communication and quantum cryptography systems. Orbital angular momentum state | l of photon&With completeness, orthogonality and infinite dimensions, which has been demonstrated as an effective degree of freedom for application as high-dimensional hilbert space quantum information (see academic papers Franke-Arnold S, allen L, padgett m.advances in optical and regular expression. Laser Photon Rev 2008 2.
Two-photon entanglement means that two photons are not in a localized form, and when one of the photons is changed, the other photon is correspondingly changed under any condition. Entangled bifocal wavelets, which are quantum morphological coherent functions, can be used to reflect coherent vortices in the two-photon entangled state (see academic paper Li-garg Wang et al, ABCD law of two-mode Gaussian-oriented light fields in optical Communications 284 (2011) 5860-5865). Two-photon correlation imaging is a novel imaging mechanism which utilizes quantum entanglement characteristic of a light source to obtain diffraction images of an object in a light path without the object. Such correlated imaging, also known as ghost imaging, is now widely used in the fields of distributed image processing, distributed perception and communications.
The current methods for measuring the topological charge of the optical vortex mainly comprise the following steps: interferometry and diffraction. When the coherence of the light source is reduced, the interference method cannot accurately judge the topological charge value. When the light source topological charge value is large, the resolving power of the diffraction method is reduced. In addition, the above two methods employ pseudo-thermal laser as a light source. The improvement of the accuracy of the measurement signal is seriously restricted by the thermal noise of the light source, so that the vortex topological information of the light source is difficult to accurately identify on the single photon level.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a two-photon correlation-based coherent vortex topological charge measuring method aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme. A two-photon correlation-based measurement method of coherent vortex topological charge comprises the following steps:
(1) Generating incoherent entangled photon pairs;
(2) Splitting the entangled photon pair into i photons and s photons by a beam splitter;
(3) Controlling a computer to enable s photons passing through the spatial light modulator to obtain a vortex phase, then coupling an optical signal to a single-mode optical fiber, and carrying out single-point measurement by using an avalanche diode;
(4) Controlling a computer to enable i photons passing through the spatial light modulator to obtain specific amplitude and phase, then coupling an optical signal to a single-mode optical fiber, and carrying out single-point measurement by using an avalanche diode;
(5) Performing correlation calculation on the two paths of measured optical signals and recording the correlation calculation by using a computer;
(6) By changing the transmission coefficient l of the spatial light modulator on the light path where the i photon is located, the transmission coefficient corresponding to the maximum value in the output values is the vortex topological charge value of the s photon.
The incoherent entangled photon pair used in the present invention is generated by a dual mode laser.
The method has the beneficial effect that the vortex light beam can be measured on the single photon level. The measurement result is visual, and the measurement range is large.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram used in one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, which are illustrative of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for one embodiment of the present invention. It includes: a dual-mode correlation laser 1; a beam splitter 2; a first band-pass filter 3; a first spatial light modulator 4; a first computer 5; a second band-pass filter 6; a second spatial light modulator 7; a second computer 8; a first lens 9; a first single mode optical fiber 10; a first avalanche photodiode 11; a second lens 12; a second single mode optical fiber 13; a second avalanche photodiode 14; a correlation counter 15; a third computer 16.
Referring to fig. 1, the working steps of a two-photon correlation-based measurement method of coherent vortex topological charge are as follows:
1. the dual-mode correlation laser 1 generates a Gaussian entangled two-photon pair; the wave function of the gaussian entangled photon pair is:
ψ in (x 1 ,y 1 ；x 2 ,y 2 )＝G 0 exp[-2(x 1 2 +y 1 2 )/σ s 2 ]δ(x 1 -x 2 )δ(y 1 -y 2 )
wherein G is 0 Is a constant number, x 1 ，y 1 Is the transverse coordinate, x, of one of the entangled photons 2 ，y 2 Is the transverse coordinate, σ, of another entangled photon s Represents the laser output spot radius; the Gaussian entangled photon pair is split into two photons by the beam splitter 2, and the two photons respectively enter a transmission light path s and a reflection light path i of the beam splitter 2; the photons entering the beam splitter 2 transmission path s are called s-photons, the photons entering the beam splitter 2 transmission path i are called i-photons;
2. the s photons enter a first spatial light modulator 4 after passing through a first band-pass filter 3; the distance between the beam splitter 2 and the first spatial light modulator 4 is q 1 (ii) a The first spatial light modulator 4 is connected with the first computer 5, and enables s photons emitted from the first spatial light modulator to obtain a vortex phase with a topological charge of m under the control of the first computer 5;
3. the i photons enter a second spatial light modulator 7 after passing through a second band-pass filter 6; the distance between the beam splitter 2 and the first spatial light modulator 4 is q 1 And q is 1 ＞q 2 (ii) a The second spatial light modulator 7 is connected with a second computer 8, and enables i photons emitted from the second spatial light modulator to obtain specific amplitude and phase under the control of the second computer 8; the transmission function of the second spatial light modulator 7 is:
where l is the transmission coefficient, p is a non-negative integer, v x Is the x-component, v, of the transverse coordinate of the transmission function y Is the y-component of the transverse coordinate of the transmission function, λ is the wavelength of the incoherent entangled photon pair, H a () Indicates that hermitian polynomial a is the corresponding order;
4. s photons exiting the first spatial light modulator 4 are coupled into a first single mode fiber 10 through a first lens 9 and received by a first avalanche photodiode 11; z is a radical of 1 Is the distance from the first spatial light modulator 4 to the first lens 9 and satisfies q 2 -q 1 ＝z 1 ；
5. I photons exiting the second spatial light modulator 7 are coupled into a second single mode fiber 13 through a second lens 12 and received by a second avalanche photodiode 14;
6. the output signals of the first avalanche photodiode 11 and the second avalanche photodiode 14 enter the associated counter 15 and are recorded by the third computer 16;
7. changing the coefficient l of the transmission function of the second spatial light modulator 7 by means of the second computer 8 and recording the output value of the correlation counter 15; when the correlation counter 15 obtains the maximum output signal, the transmission coefficient l taken by the second spatial light modulator 7 is the vortex topological charge value m of s photons;
8. the output value of the correlation counter 15 is the first order correlation signal of i photons to s photons:
where n and m are non-negative integers, δ () is the dirac function, l is the transmission coefficient of the second spatial light modulator 7, and m is the vortex topological charge value of the s photons.
Claims (4)
1. A two-photon correlation-based measurement method of coherent vortex topological charge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) The incoherent entangled photon pair is split into two photons by the beam splitter 2, and the two photons respectively enter a transmission light path s and a reflection light path i of the beam splitter 2; the photons entering the beam splitter 2 transmission path s are called s-photons, the photons entering the beam splitter 2 transmission path i are called i-photons;
(2) The s photons enter a first spatial light modulator 4 after passing through a first band-pass filter 3; the distance between the beam splitter 2 and the first spatial light modulator 4 is q 1 (ii) a The first spatial light modulator 4 is connected with the first computer 5, and enables s photons emitted from the first spatial light modulator to obtain a vortex phase with a topological charge of m under the control of the first computer 5;
(3) The i photons enter a second spatial light modulator 7 after passing through a second band-pass filter 6; the distance between the beam splitter 2 and the first spatial light modulator 4 is q 2 And q is 1 ＞q 2 (ii) a The second spatial light modulator 7 is connected with a second computer 8, and enables i photons emitted from the second spatial light modulator to obtain specific amplitude and phase under the control of the second computer 8;
(4) S photons exiting the first spatial light modulator 4 are coupled into a first single mode fiber 10 through a first lens 9 and received by a first avalanche photodiode 11; z is a radical of 1 Is the distance from the first spatial light modulator 4 to the first lens 9 and satisfies q 2 -q 1 ＝z 1 ；
(5) I photons exiting the second spatial light modulator 7 are coupled into a second single mode fiber 13 through a second lens 12 and received by a second avalanche photodiode 14;
(6) The output signals of said first avalanche photodiode 11 and said second avalanche photodiode 14 enter into a correlated counter 15 and are recorded by a third computer 16;
(7) Changing the coefficient l of the transmission function of the second spatial light modulator 7 by means of the second computer 8 and recording the output value of the correlation counter 15; when the associated counter 15 obtains the maximum output signal, the transmission coefficient l taken by the second spatial light modulator 7 is the vortex topological charge value m of s photons.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the incoherent entangled photon pair is generated by a dual-mode correlation laser with a wave function of:
ψ in (x 1 ,y 1 ；x 2 ,y 2 )＝G 0 exp[-2(x 1 2 +y 1 2 )/σ s 2 ]δ(x 1 -x 2 )δ(y 1 -y 2 )
wherein G is 0 Is a constant number, x 1 ，y 1 Is the transverse coordinate, x, of one of the entangled photons 2 ，y 2 Is the transverse coordinate, σ, of another entangled photon s Representing the spot radius of the laser output beam.
3. The two-photon correlation-based measurement method of the coherent vortex topological charge according to claim 1, wherein the transmission function of the second spatial light modulator 7 is as follows:
where l is the transmission coefficient of said second spatial light modulator 7, j is an imaginary unit, p is a non-negative integer, v x Is the x-component, v, of the transverse coordinate of the transmission function y Is the y-component of the transverse coordinate of the transmission function, λ is the wavelength of the incoherent entangled photon pair, H a () Expressing hermite polynomials, wherein the following table a indicates the order.
4. The measurement method of coherent vortex topological charge based on two-photon correlation according to claim 1, characterized in that the output value of said correlation counter 15 is a first order correlation signal of i photon and s photon:
where n and p are non-negative integers, δ () is the dirac function, l is the transmission coefficient of the second spatial light modulator 7, and m is the vortex topological charge value of the s photons.
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