CN107937894A - A kind of surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials - Google Patents
A kind of surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN107937894A CN107937894A CN201711149380.5A CN201711149380A CN107937894A CN 107937894 A CN107937894 A CN 107937894A CN 201711149380 A CN201711149380 A CN 201711149380A CN 107937894 A CN107937894 A CN 107937894A
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- aluminum alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
- C23C22/361—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates containing titanium, zirconium or hafnium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
- C23C2222/20—Use of solutions containing silanes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials, include the following steps：（1）Surface preparation,（2）Laser treatment,（3）Passivation Treatment,（4）Dry solidification processing.The present invention to the surface passivation treatment method of aluminum alloy materials reasonably improve and optimizate, effectively increase the surface passivation effect to aluminum alloy materials, it has been obviously improved the characteristic such as corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting of aluminum alloy materials, the comprehensive performance of aluminum alloy materials is improved, has and promotes and applies meaning well.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of processing metallic materials, and in particular to a kind of surface treatment side of aluminum alloy materials
Method.
Background technology
Application of the aluminum alloy materials in the fields such as daily life, building decoration, industrial and agricultural production is more and more extensive, becomes
One of essential raw material in modern people's life production.Since aluminium is more active, its surface is handled more
It is important.Typically in aluminium and the surface treatment last layer chemical passivation coating of alloy, i.e., processing is passivated to aluminium and alloy, with
The performance such as strengthen its anti-corrosion, decoration, use.The passivating solution for aluminum alloy surface is substantially with trivalent chromium, six currently on the market
Valency chromium, or it is rare earth modified formed with reference to strong oxidizer, the above two are heavy metal, and generally existing problem of environmental pollution, after
Although person's environmental pollution improves to some extent, but cannot thoroughly solve.And with design, production requirement continuous improvement,
The treatment effect of existing deactivating process for the treatment of can not keep up with demand, be improved there is an urgent need for further.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for it is existing the problem of, there is provided a kind of surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials, includes the following steps：
（1）Surface preparation：
Grinding process first is carried out to the surface of aluminum alloy materials with sand paper, then with deionized water to its surface washing one time, most
After put it into drying box taken out after 1 ~ 1.5h of drying process it is spare；
（2）Laser treatment：
By step（1）Aluminum alloy materials after processing are put into progress laser scanning radiation treatment in laser treatment instrument, after the completion of
It is drawn off spare；
（3）Passivation Treatment：
By step（2）Aluminum alloy materials after processing, which are put into passivating solution, is passivated processing, and during which heating keeps passivating solution
Temperature be 65 ~ 70 DEG C, while be continuously applied ultrasonication, taken out after 45 ~ 50min spare；The passivating solution by weighing as follows
Measure the material composition of part：7 ~ 9 parts of fluorine zirconic acids, 5 ~ 8 parts of fluotitanic acids, 6 ~ 12 parts of phosphoric acid, 2 ~ 4 parts of tartaric acid, 5 ~ 7 parts of ammonium hydroxide, 1 ~ 2 part
Octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 ~ 2.5 parts of neopelexes, 4 ~ 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 6 ~ 8 parts of silane coupling agents, 3 ~ 5
Part nanometer inorganic filler, 5 ~ 9 parts of bacteria celluloses, 210 ~ 230 parts of water；
（4）Dry solidification processing：
By step（3）Aluminum alloy materials after processing are put into after dry solidification in insulating box handles 30 ~ 40min and are taken out.
Further, step（1）Described in grinding process be that first aluminum alloy material surface is beaten with 300 mesh sand paper
Mill, then polishes aluminum alloy material surface with 500 mesh sand paper.
Further, step（2）Described in laser scanning radiation treatment when to control the wavelength of laser be 1.07 ~ 1.10 μ
M, pulsewidth are 270 ~ 280ns, and single pulse energy is 4 ~ 7J/cm2, focal point spot diameter is 0.20 ~ 0.25mm, is scanned mobile
Speed is 30 ~ 38 m/min.
Further, step（3）Described in ultrasonication when to control the frequency of ultrasonic wave be 80 ~ 90kHz.
Further, step（3）Described in silane coupling agent for silane coupling agent kh550, silane coupling agent kh560,
Any one in silane coupling agent kh570.
Further, step（3）Described in nanometer inorganic filler for nano silicon dioxide, nano-titanium dioxide, nanometer
Any one in titanium nitride, the particle diameter of the nanometer inorganic filler is 20 ~ 100nm.
Further, step（4）Described in dry solidification processing when keep insulating box in temperature be 90 ~ 95 DEG C, phase
It is 40 ~ 45% to humidity.
The present invention changes the method for existing aluminum alloy surface processing, so that the use quality of aluminium alloy is effectively improved,
Wherein first aluminum alloy materials are carried out with surface polishing cleaning treatment, the impurity on surface is eliminated, is established for follow-up reaction treatment
Basis, has then carried out laser treatment to it, carries out radiation treatment to aluminum alloy materials using the laser of low energy, improves
The activity of aluminum alloy material surface tissue, and its surface roughness is moderately added, the effect of follow-up Passivation Treatment is enhanced, is connect
And aluminum alloy materials are passivated with processing, the passivating solution prepared using uniqueness is passivated processing, wherein using fluorine zirconic acid, fluorine
Metatitanic acid instead of traditional chromic salts as main reaction film forming component, generation passivating film can be reacted with aluminum alloy surface, at the same time
The harm to environment is reduced again, be with the addition of phosphoric acid and is substituted common nitric acid or sulfuric acid former as hydrionic main offer, its
Phosphating reaction generation phosphating coat can occur with aluminium alloy again, with the compound protection energy improved jointly to aluminum alloy materials of passivating film
Power, the silane coupling agent of addition can form the further composite lifting passivation effect of silane film, the octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether of addition,
Bond strength between neopelex and polyvinyl alcohol and enhancing composite passivation film and alloy matrix aluminum, the nanometer of addition
Inorganic filler improves compactness, rotproofness, wearability of composite passivation film etc., and the bacteria cellulose of addition has to be glued well
Knot, chelating properties, it can promote the intermembranous fusion of heterogeneity, sprawl, and can lift the knot in composite passivation film between each component
Intensity is closed, so as to improve the effect of passivation.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：
The present invention to the surface passivation treatment method of aluminum alloy materials reasonably improve and optimizate, and effectively increases and aluminium is closed
The surface passivation effect of golden material, hence it is evident that improve the characteristic such as corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting of aluminum alloy materials, improve aluminum alloy materials
Comprehensive performance, have well promote and apply meaning.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials, includes the following steps：
（1）Surface preparation：
Grinding process first is carried out to the surface of aluminum alloy materials with sand paper, then with deionized water to its surface washing one time, most
After put it into drying box taken out after drying process 1h it is spare；
（2）Laser treatment：
By step（1）Aluminum alloy materials after processing are put into progress laser scanning radiation treatment in laser treatment instrument, after the completion of
It is drawn off spare；
（3）Passivation Treatment：
By step（2）Aluminum alloy materials after processing, which are put into passivating solution, is passivated processing, and during which heating keeps passivating solution
Temperature be 65 DEG C, while be continuously applied ultrasonication, taken out after 45min spare；The passivating solution is by following parts by weight
Material composition：7 parts of fluorine zirconic acids, 5 parts of fluotitanic acids, 6 parts of phosphoric acid, 2 parts of tartaric acid, 5 parts of ammonium hydroxide, 1 part of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether,
1.5 parts of neopelexes, 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 6 parts of silane coupling agents, 3 parts of nanometer inorganic fillers, 5 parts of bacterial fibers
Element, 210 parts of water；
（4）Dry solidification processing：
By step（3）Aluminum alloy materials after processing are put into insulating box and are taken out after dry solidification processing 30min.
Further, step（1）Described in grinding process be that first aluminum alloy material surface is beaten with 300 mesh sand paper
Mill, then polishes aluminum alloy material surface with 500 mesh sand paper.
Further, step（2）Described in laser scanning radiation treatment when to control the wavelength of laser be 1.07 ~ 1.10 μ
M, pulsewidth 270ns, single pulse energy are 4 ~ 5J/cm2, focal point spot diameter is 0.20 ~ 0.21mm, scans mobile speed
For 30m/min.
Further, step（3）Described in ultrasonication when to control the frequency of ultrasonic wave be 80kHz.
Further, step（3）Described in silane coupling agent be silane coupling agent kh550.
Further, step（3）Described in nanometer inorganic filler be nano silicon dioxide, the nanometer inorganic filler
Particle diameter is 20 ~ 100nm.
Further, step（4）Described in dry solidification processing when keep insulating box in temperature be 90 DEG C, it is relatively wet
Spend for 40 ~ 45%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials, includes the following steps：
（1）Surface preparation：
Grinding process first is carried out to the surface of aluminum alloy materials with sand paper, then with deionized water to its surface washing one time, most
After put it into drying box taken out after drying process 1.2h it is spare；
（2）Laser treatment：
By step（1）Aluminum alloy materials after processing are put into progress laser scanning radiation treatment in laser treatment instrument, after the completion of
It is drawn off spare；
（3）Passivation Treatment：
By step（2）Aluminum alloy materials after processing, which are put into passivating solution, is passivated processing, and during which heating keeps passivating solution
Temperature be 68 DEG C, while be continuously applied ultrasonication, taken out after 47min spare；The passivating solution is by following parts by weight
Material composition：8 parts of fluorine zirconic acids, 7 parts of fluotitanic acids, 9 parts of phosphoric acid, 3 parts of tartaric acid, 6 parts of ammonium hydroxide, 1.5 parts of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether,
2 parts of neopelexes, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 7 parts of silane coupling agents, 4 parts of nanometer inorganic fillers, 8 parts of bacteria celluloses,
220 parts of water；
（4）Dry solidification processing：
By step（3）Aluminum alloy materials after processing are put into insulating box and are taken out after dry solidification processing 35min.
Further, step（1）Described in grinding process be that first aluminum alloy material surface is beaten with 300 mesh sand paper
Mill, then polishes aluminum alloy material surface with 500 mesh sand paper.
Further, step（2）Described in laser scanning radiation treatment when to control the wavelength of laser be 1.07 ~ 1.10 μ
M, pulsewidth 275ns, single pulse energy are 5 ~ 6J/cm2, focal point spot diameter is 0.22 ~ 0.23mm, scans mobile speed
For 35 m/min.
Further, step（3）Described in ultrasonication when to control the frequency of ultrasonic wave be 85kHz.
Further, step（3）Described in silane coupling agent be silane coupling agent kh560.
Further, step（3）Described in nanometer inorganic filler be nano-titanium dioxide, the nanometer inorganic filler
Particle diameter is 20 ~ 100nm.
Further, step（4）Described in dry solidification processing when keep insulating box in temperature be 94 DEG C, it is relatively wet
Spend for 40 ~ 45%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials, includes the following steps：
（1）Surface preparation：
Grinding process first is carried out to the surface of aluminum alloy materials with sand paper, then with deionized water to its surface washing one time, most
After put it into drying box taken out after drying process 1.5h it is spare；
（2）Laser treatment：
By step（1）Aluminum alloy materials after processing are put into progress laser scanning radiation treatment in laser treatment instrument, after the completion of
It is drawn off spare；
（3）Passivation Treatment：
By step（2）Aluminum alloy materials after processing, which are put into passivating solution, is passivated processing, and during which heating keeps passivating solution
Temperature be 70 DEG C, while be continuously applied ultrasonication, taken out after 50min spare；The passivating solution is by following parts by weight
Material composition：9 parts of fluorine zirconic acids, 8 parts of fluotitanic acids, 12 parts of phosphoric acid, 4 parts of tartaric acid, 7 parts of ammonium hydroxide, 2 parts of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether,
2.5 parts of neopelexes, 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 8 parts of silane coupling agents, 5 parts of nanometer inorganic fillers, 9 parts of bacterial fibers
Element, 230 parts of water；
（4）Dry solidification processing：
By step（3）Aluminum alloy materials after processing are put into insulating box and are taken out after dry solidification processing 40min.
Further, step（1）Described in grinding process be that first aluminum alloy material surface is beaten with 300 mesh sand paper
Mill, then polishes aluminum alloy material surface with 500 mesh sand paper.
Further, step（2）Described in laser scanning radiation treatment when to control the wavelength of laser be 1.07 ~ 1.10 μ
M, pulsewidth 280ns, single pulse energy are 6 ~ 7J/cm2, focal point spot diameter is 0.24 ~ 0.25mm, scans mobile speed
For 38 m/min.
Further, step（3）Described in ultrasonication when to control the frequency of ultrasonic wave be 90kHz.
Further, step（3）Described in silane coupling agent be silane coupling agent kh570.
Further, step（3）Described in nanometer inorganic filler be Nano titanium nitride, of the nanometer inorganic filler
A diameter of 20 ~ the 100nm of grain.
Further, step（4）Described in dry solidification processing when keep insulating box in temperature be 95 DEG C, it is relatively wet
Spend for 40 ~ 45%.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 compared with Example 2, saves step（2）Laser processing operation, method and step in addition are homogeneous
Together.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example 2 compared with Example 2, saves step（3）Bacteria cellulose component in Passivation Treatment in passivating solution,
Method and step all same in addition.
Control group
The surface passivation treatment method of existing aluminum alloy materials.
In order to contrast effect of the present invention, select with a collection of manufactured aluminum alloy materials as experimental subjects, respectively with above-mentioned
Embodiment 2, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, the corresponding method of control group are passivated processing, after the completion of to each group processing
Aluminum alloy materials afterwards are tested for the property, and specific correction data is as shown in table 1 below：
Table 1
| Average anti-white rust duration（h） | |
| Embodiment 2 | 615 |
| Comparative example 1 | 543 |
| Comparative example 2 | 570 |
| Control group | 491 |
Note：Average anti-white rust duration described in upper table 1 is tested with reference to GB/T 10125-1997.
Processing method of the present invention can be obviously improved the Passivation Treatment effect to aluminum alloy materials it can be seen from upper table 1,
Its corrosion resistant characteristic has been obviously improved, has had and promotes and applies meaning well.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
（1）Surface preparation：
Grinding process first is carried out to the surface of aluminum alloy materials with sand paper, then with deionized water to its surface washing one time, most
After put it into drying box taken out after 1 ~ 1.5h of drying process it is spare；
（2）Laser treatment：
By step（1）Aluminum alloy materials after processing are put into progress laser scanning radiation treatment in laser treatment instrument, after the completion of
It is drawn off spare；
（3）Passivation Treatment：
By step（2）Aluminum alloy materials after processing, which are put into passivating solution, is passivated processing, and during which heating keeps passivating solution
Temperature be 65 ~ 70 DEG C, while be continuously applied ultrasonication, taken out after 45 ~ 50min spare；The passivating solution by weighing as follows
Measure the material composition of part：7 ~ 9 parts of fluorine zirconic acids, 5 ~ 8 parts of fluotitanic acids, 6 ~ 12 parts of phosphoric acid, 2 ~ 4 parts of tartaric acid, 5 ~ 7 parts of ammonium hydroxide, 1 ~ 2 part
Octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 ~ 2.5 parts of neopelexes, 4 ~ 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 6 ~ 8 parts of silane coupling agents, 3 ~ 5
Part nanometer inorganic filler, 5 ~ 9 parts of bacteria celluloses, 210 ~ 230 parts of water；
（4）Dry solidification processing：
By step（3）Aluminum alloy materials after processing are put into after dry solidification in insulating box handles 30 ~ 40min and are taken out.
A kind of 2. surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Middle institute
The grinding process stated is first to be polished with 300 mesh sand paper aluminum alloy material surface, then with 500 mesh sand paper to aluminium alloy material
Polish on material surface.
A kind of 3. surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Middle institute
The wavelength that laser is controlled during the laser scanning radiation treatment stated is 1.07 ~ 1.10 μm, and pulsewidth is 270 ~ 280ns, single pulse energy
For 4 ~ 7J/cm2, focal point spot diameter is 0.20 ~ 0.25mm, and it is 30 ~ 38 m/min to scan mobile speed.
A kind of 4. surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Middle institute
The frequency that ultrasonic wave is controlled during the ultrasonication stated is 80 ~ 90kHz.
A kind of 5. surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Middle institute
The silane coupling agent stated is any one in silane coupling agent kh550, silane coupling agent kh560, silane coupling agent kh570.
A kind of 6. surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Middle institute
The nanometer inorganic filler stated is nano silicon dioxide, nano-titanium dioxide, any one in Nano titanium nitride, the nanometer nothing
The particle diameter of machine filler is 20 ~ 100nm.
A kind of 7. surface treatment method of aluminum alloy materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（4）Middle institute
It is 90 ~ 95 DEG C that the temperature in insulating box is kept during the dry solidification processing stated, and relative humidity is 40 ~ 45%.
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| CN109371358A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-02-22 | 宁波英科特精工机械股份有限公司 | A kind of metal product surface treatment process |
| CN109868465A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-06-11 | 安徽唯楚新材料有限公司 | A kind of aluminium sheet passivating solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN114345669A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-15 | 厦门安晟鑫金属有限公司 | Processing method of penetrating clamp for photovoltaic bracket |
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| CN114345669A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-15 | 厦门安晟鑫金属有限公司 | Processing method of penetrating clamp for photovoltaic bracket |
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Application publication date: 20180420 |