CN107937846B - Preparation method of aluminum alloy conduit with good bending property - Google Patents

Preparation method of aluminum alloy conduit with good bending property Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107937846B
CN107937846B CN201711484708.9A CN201711484708A CN107937846B CN 107937846 B CN107937846 B CN 107937846B CN 201711484708 A CN201711484708 A CN 201711484708A CN 107937846 B CN107937846 B CN 107937846B
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annealing
furnace
charging
temperature
aluminum alloy
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CN107937846A (en
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曾九生
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Southwest Aluminum Group Co Ltd
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Southwest Aluminum Group Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum alloy conduit with good bending property, which comprises the following steps: heating, extruding, straightening, etching and washing, rolling, reducing and annealing, drawing, straightening, cleaning, detecting and annealing a finished product of the hollow ingot in sequence to obtain an aluminum alloy conduit; the finished product annealing method comprises the following steps: (1) the temperature of the empty furnace is set to 480-500 ℃, heat preservation is carried out after the preset temperature is reached, and then the furnace is dried; (2) after the oven is finished, quickly charging in a hot furnace to finish charging; (3) setting the furnace temperature to 430-450 ℃ after charging, and carrying out annealing treatment; (4) rapidly discharging the furnace after the annealing treatment is finished, and carrying out air cooling; the time from the completion of charging to the discharging is less than or equal to 65 min. The invention adopts a high-temperature short-time rapid heating and cooling annealing process, so that crystal grains can be effectively refined, the annealing process can obtain the guide pipe with smaller surface grain size, and the generation of orange peel in the subsequent bending process of the aluminum alloy is avoided.

Description

Preparation method of aluminum alloy conduit with good bending property
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a preparation method of an aluminum alloy conduit with good bending property.
Background
LF2 alloy thin wall pipe, the oil circuit pipe of wide application in aviation aircraft. At present, the problems of the LF2 alloy thin-walled tube mainly include the problems of size precision, surface quality (surface scratch, channel pulling, pressing and dent), bending test orange peel, flaring air-tight test air leakage and the like.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for improvement of the production process of LF2 duct to improve its quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing an aluminum alloy catheter with good bending performance, and the aluminum alloy catheter prepared by the method provided by the present invention has no orange peel in the bending process.
The invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum alloy conduit with good bending property, which comprises the following steps:
heating, extruding, straightening, etching and washing, rolling, reducing and annealing, drawing, straightening, cleaning, detecting and annealing a finished product of the hollow ingot in sequence to obtain an aluminum alloy conduit;
the finished product annealing method comprises the following steps:
(1) the temperature of the empty furnace is set to 480-500 ℃, heat preservation is carried out after the preset temperature is reached, and then the furnace is dried;
(2) after the oven is finished, quickly charging in a hot furnace to finish charging;
(3) setting the furnace temperature to 430-450 ℃ after charging, and carrying out annealing treatment;
(4) rapidly discharging the furnace after the annealing treatment is finished, and carrying out air cooling;
the time from the completion of charging to the discharging is less than or equal to 65 min.
In the present invention, the method for producing the hollow ingot is preferably:
and (4) turning and boring the solid ingot to obtain the hollow ingot.
In the present invention, the solid ingot preferably has the following composition:
0-0.40 wt% silicon;
0-0.40 wt% iron;
0 to 0.10 wt% of copper;
0.15 to 0.40 wt% manganese;
2.0 to 2.5 wt% of magnesium;
0 to 0.15 wt% of titanium;
the total mass content of iron and silicon is not more than 0.6 percent;
the balance being aluminum.
In the invention, the mass content of the silicon is preferably 0.15-0.35%, and more preferably 0.2-0.3%; the mass content of the iron is preferably 0.15-0.35%, and more preferably 0.2-0.3%; the mass content of the copper is preferably 0.02-0.08%, and more preferably 0.04-0.06%; the mass content of the manganese is preferably 0.2-0.35%, and more preferably 0.25-0.3%; the mass content of the magnesium is preferably 2.1-2.4%, and more preferably 2.2-2.3%; the mass content of the titanium is preferably 0.02 to 0.12%, more preferably 0.04 to 0.1%, and most preferably 0.06 to 0.08%. In the present invention, the total mass content of iron and silicon is preferably 0 to 0.6%, more preferably 0.2 to 0.5%, and most preferably 0.3 to 0.4%.
In the invention, the hollow ingot is formed by boring a solid ingot through a lathe tool. The method for boring the lathe leather is not particularly limited, and the lathe leather boring method known by the person skilled in the art can be used for machining.
In the invention, the roughness of the outer surface of the hollow ingot is preferably less than or equal to Ra12.5, more preferably Ra6.3-12.5, more preferably Ra3.2-6.3, and most preferably Ra1.6-3.2. In the present invention, the deviation of the outer diameter of the hollow ingot is preferably ± 0.5 to ± 1.5mm, more preferably ± 0.8 to ± 1.2mm, and most preferably ± 1 mm. In the present invention, the deviation of the inner diameter of the hollow ingot is preferably ± 0.5 to ± 1mm, more preferably ± 0.6 to ± 0.9mm, and most preferably ± 0.7 to ± 0.8 mm. In the present invention, the length deviation of the hollow ingot is preferably ± 4 to ± 8mm, more preferably ± 5 to ± 7mm, and most preferably ± 6 mm.
In the invention, the cutting slope of the hollow ingot is preferably less than or equal to 2 mm; the wall thickness difference of the hollow ingots is preferably less than or equal to 2 mm; the bending degree of the hollow ingot is preferably 0.4-0.6 mm. In the invention, the cutting slope of the hollow ingot is preferably less than or equal to 1.5mm, more preferably 0-1.2 mm, more preferably 0.2-1 mm, more preferably 0.4-0.8 mm, and most preferably 0.5-0.6 mm. In the invention, the wall thickness difference of the hollow ingots is preferably less than or equal to 0.75mm, more preferably 0-0.7 mm, more preferably 0.1-0.6 mm, more preferably 0.2-0.5 mm, and most preferably 0.3-0.4 mm. In the invention, the bending degree of the hollow ingot is preferably 0.4-0.6 mm, and more preferably 0.5 mm; the curvature refers to a curvature per 500mm length.
In the invention, the hollow ingot is preferably heated in an induction heating furnace, and the hollow ingot is preferably heated at a temperature of 450-520 ℃, more preferably at a temperature of 460-500 ℃, and most preferably at a temperature of 470-490 ℃.
In the invention, the length of the hollow ingot in the extrusion process is less than or equal to 350mm, preferably 50-300 mm, more preferably 100-250 mm, more preferably 150-250 mm, and most preferably 200 mm. In the invention, the length of the perforation needle in the extrusion process is preferably 200-850 mm, more preferably 250-800 mm, more preferably 300-750 mm, more preferably 350-700 mm, more preferably 400-650 mm, more preferably 450-600 mm, more preferably 500-550 mm, and most preferably 240mm, 630mm, 730mm or 830 mm.
In the invention, the outer diameter of the hollow ingot in the extrusion process is preferably 30-32 mm, and more preferably 31 mm; the inner diameter of the hollow ingot is preferably 24-26 mm, and more preferably 25 mm; the wall thickness of the hollow ingot is preferably 2.5-4 mm, and more preferably 3-3.5 mm. In the invention, the diameter of the perforating needle in the extrusion process is preferably 24-26 mm, and more preferably 25 mm.
According to the invention, the perforation needle with the length in the technical scheme can obviously reduce the wall thickness difference of the prepared aluminum alloy catheter, and further improve the dimensional accuracy of the prepared aluminum alloy catheter.
In the invention, the extrusion method is preferably non-lubricated extrusion, the perforation needles with the length in the technical scheme are used for the non-lubricated extrusion, and the extrusion method provided by the invention can avoid the defects of peeling, sinking and the like of the inner wall of the prepared aluminum alloy conduit and improve the quality of the inner surface of the aluminum alloy conduit.
In the invention, the extrusion speed in the extrusion process is preferably 1-2.5 m/min, more preferably 1.3-2.2 m/min, more preferably 1.5-2 m/min, and most preferably 1.6-1.8 m/min; the extrusion temperature in the extrusion process is preferably 440-460 ℃, more preferably 445-455 ℃, and most preferably 450 ℃; the extrusion ratio in the extrusion process is preferably 15-45, more preferably 20-40, more preferably 25-35, and most preferably 30.
In the invention, the pulling and straightening function is to eliminate bending in the extrusion process and facilitate core bar threading in the subsequent rolling process, and the stretching rate in the pulling and straightening process is preferably 0.5-2.0%, more preferably 0.8-1.6%, more preferably 1-1.4%, and most preferably 1.2-1.3%.
In the invention, the etching and washing function is to remove slight scratches, aluminum scraps, burrs and the like generated in the extrusion process of the pipe blank, the etching and washing method is preferably acid-base washing, and the specific method of the etching and washing is preferably as follows:
blowing off the aluminum scraps in the pulled and straightened aluminum alloy pipe by using compressed air, and sequentially carrying out clear water washing, acid washing, cold water washing (a neutralization tank), alkali washing, cold water washing (a neutralization tank), acid washing and clear water washing.
In the invention, before rolling, whether the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe blank after being etched meet the requirements is preferably checked, if the pipe blank has obvious defects such as peeling, scratching and the like, the materials which do not meet the requirements are finally rolled in a concentrated mode, and are bundled separately and noted. The tube blank with serious defects should be timely picked out and cut to be discarded. In the invention, waste materials (such as size over-tolerance, internal and external surface defects and the like) generated in the rolling adjustment and the rolling process are preferably cut off in time, and are not allowed to be mixed into qualified materials in normal production. In the present invention, the lubricating oil is preferably required to be clean and free from dirt such as sand and metal chips during the rolling. The lubricating oil circulation system should have a sound filtration device.
In the invention, the rolling method is preferably a two-roller periodic cold rolling tube method, and the feeding amount in the rolling process is preferably not more than 3.0mm, more preferably 0-3 mm, more preferably 0.5-2.5 mm, and most preferably 1-2 mm. In the invention, the tolerance of the outer diameter of the pipe obtained after rolling is preferably +/-0.5 mm to +/-1.5 mm, more preferably +/-0.8 mm to +/-1.2 mm, and most preferably +/-1 mm; the wall thickness tolerance of the tube obtained after rolling is preferably +/-0.05 mm-0.1 mm, more preferably +/-0.06 mm-0.08 mm, and most preferably +/-0.07 mm; the average wall thickness tolerance of the tube obtained after rolling is preferably from +0.02 to-0.01 mm, more preferably from +0.01 to-0.005 mm. In the present invention, the surface of the pipe obtained after the rolling is preferably free from defects such as scratches, metal or nonmetal indentation, cracks, burrs, waves, hole pattern gnawing, and the like.
In the invention, the reducing annealing can release the stress of the rolled product, increase the ductility and toughness of the rolled product and facilitate the subsequent drawing. In the invention, the temperature of the reducing annealing is preferably 195-205 ℃, more preferably 198-202 ℃, and most preferably 200 ℃; the time for reducing annealing is preferably 0.5 to 1.5 hours, more preferably 0.8 to 1.2 hours, and most preferably 1 hour.
In the invention, the drawing function is reducing, elliptical waves in the rolling process are eliminated, and the tolerance of the outer diameter of the finished conduit is accurately controlled; the drawing method is preferably empty drawing, and the reduction per pass in the drawing process is preferably not more than 3mm, more preferably 0.5-2.5 mm, more preferably 1-2 mm, and most preferably 1.5 mm. In the invention, the surface of the pipe obtained after drawing preferably has no defects such as scratches, cracks, peeling, pressed objects, ridges, jumping rings, overlong hollow drawing sections and the like. In the invention, the tolerance of the outer diameter of the tube after drawing is preferably controlled to be-0.15-0 mm, more preferably-0.12-0 mm, more preferably-0.1-0 mm, and most preferably-0.05-0 mm.
In the invention, slow drawing is preferred, and straightening is carried out as much as possible (especially, the straightening treatment is not carried out on the finished product of the catheter blank with the outer diameter being more than or equal to 50mm in the follow-up process); the pipe blank with the outer diameter less than or equal to 12mm is preferably bundled in the drawing process, and the diameter of each bundle is preferably not more than 100 mm.
In the invention, when the drawing debugging production is carried out, preferably, if the pipe is stuck or the outer diameter is out of tolerance, the pipe is picked out in time. And (3) frequently performing sampling inspection in the drawing process, picking out unqualified materials in the sampling inspection process, and never allowing the unqualified materials to be mixed into qualified materials in normal production. After the whole batch of materials is produced, the unqualified materials are intensively cut to be waste. In the present invention, the drawing is preferably performed by using a special tool and die. And (3) drawing the guide pipe into a mould (comprising a mould, a core head and the like) and implementing special management.
In the present invention, the straightening functions to eliminate the bending. In the present invention, the straightening method is preferably roll straightening (roll straightening) or stretch straightening, and more preferably roll straightening. In the straightening process, the roller type straightening roller is preferably smooth in surface and free of damage, and dirt such as metal chips and the like is avoided. In the invention, the dirt, metal and damage on the surface of the roller are found to be treated in time, the surface of the pipe straightened by the roller is preferably smooth and clean, and the defects of scratch, bruise, indentation, metal indentation, serious spiral mark and the like are avoided.
In the present invention, the cleaning (finish washing) is used for cleaning the lubricant on the inner and outer surfaces of the guide tube during the drawing process, the cleaning method is preferably to perform hot water washing and then kerosene washing, and the cleaning method is preferably:
before cleaning, blowing the aluminum scraps in the pipe by using compressed air; cleaning the pipe in hot water, lifting up and down, and the cleaning time is moderate; after the hot water is cleaned, the pipe is placed in a kerosene tank for cleaning, and the pipe is lifted up and down to clean the oil stains on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe, and the cleaning time is not limited.
In the present invention, the inspection (product pre-inspection) is used to inspect the outer diameter, wall thickness and surface quality of the catheter, and rejects are selected and discarded.
In the invention, the finished product annealing method comprises the following steps:
(1) the temperature of the empty furnace is set to 480-500 ℃, heat preservation is carried out after the preset temperature is reached, and then the furnace is dried;
(2) after the oven is finished, quickly charging in a hot furnace to finish charging;
(3) setting the furnace temperature to 430-450 ℃ after charging, and carrying out annealing treatment;
(4) rapidly discharging the furnace after the annealing treatment is finished, and carrying out air cooling;
the time from the completion of charging to the discharging is less than or equal to 65 min.
Through a great deal of research by the inventor, the guide pipe with the grain size of 1 grade has no orange peel in a bending test, and the guide pipe with the grain size of 2 grade has slight orange peel, which indicates that the grain size grade is an important influence factor of the orange peel in the bending of the guide pipe. The orange peel is generated by bending deformation of the conduit, which is generally related to the larger grain size of the material, and the coarse grains are easy to generate uneven deformation and texture when being bent, so that the orange peel phenomenon appears on the surface.
By adopting the finished product annealing method in the technical scheme, the method can improve the surface grain size of the aluminum alloy conduit while ensuring that the performance of the prepared aluminum alloy conduit meets the requirement, and avoids the phenomenon of orange peel on the curved surface of the aluminum alloy conduit in the later bending process. The invention adopts the high-temperature short-time rapid heating and cooling annealing process, the metal temperature of the pipe can be rapidly raised to be higher than the recrystallization temperature by the charging of the hot furnace, and the metal can finish the recrystallization process after the short-time heat preservation. And the steel is quickly cooled after being discharged from the furnace, so that the growth of crystal grains can be effectively prevented. The heating and cooling speed is increased, and the crystal grains can be effectively refined. The invention adopts a high-temperature and short-time annealing process, can inhibit the growth speed of crystal grains and has the function of refining the crystal grains. The annealing method provided by the invention can be used for preparing the guide pipe with smaller surface grain size, so that the orange peel generated in the bending process of the guide pipe is avoided.
In the present invention, the finish annealing is preferably performed in a 1.5T annealing furnace. In the invention, the heat preservation time in the step (1) is preferably 10-30 min, more preferably 15-25 min, and most preferably 20 min; the heat preservation time in the step (3) is preferably 10-30 min, more preferably 15-25 min, and most preferably 20 min. In the present invention, the oven door is preferably closed immediately after the hot oven is charged. In the invention, the air cooling method is preferably to turn on a fan for quick cooling.
In the invention, the height of the annealing charging basket in the finished product annealing process is preferably 200-350 mm; more preferably 250-300 mm; the charging quantity of the annealing charging basket is preferably a conduit with the outer diameter being more than phi 20mm, and the basket can be filled; the diameter of phi 20mm is more than or equal to that of phi 10mm, and the charging height of each basket preferably does not exceed that of a half basket; the outer diameter is less than or equal to phi 10mm, and the loading height of each basket is preferably not more than 100 mm. When the basket is used for loading, the tubular products are preferably uniformly laid. By adopting the annealing charging basket and the furnace loading amount, good ventilation can be ensured, and annealing is more sufficient.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a high-temperature short-time rapid heating and cooling annealing process, the metal temperature of the pipe can be rapidly raised to be higher than the recrystallization temperature by the hot furnace charging, and the metal can complete the recrystallization process after the short-time heat preservation. And the steel is quickly cooled after being discharged from the furnace, so that the growth of crystal grains can be effectively prevented. The annealing process can obtain the guide pipe with smaller surface grain size, and avoids the generation of orange peel in the subsequent bending process of the aluminum alloy.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other examples, which may be modified or appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the examples given herein, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Turning and boring the solid ingot to obtain a hollow ingot; the solid ingot comprises the following components: 0.06 wt% silicon; 0.16 wt% iron; 0.02 wt% copper; 0.31 wt% manganese; 2.48 wt% magnesium; 0.01 wt% titanium; the total mass content of iron and silicon is 0.22 percent; the balance being aluminum.
The cutting slope of the hollow ingot is 1.5 mm; the wall thickness difference of the hollow ingot is 1.6 mm; the bending degree of the hollow ingot is 0.5 mm; the deviation of the outer diameter of the hollow ingot is-1 mm; the deviation of the inner diameter of the hollow ingot is +0.5 mm; the length deviation of the hollow ingot is +6 mm; the roughness of the outer surface of the hollow ingot is less than or equal to Ra12.5, and the roughness of the inner surface of the hollow ingot is less than or equal to Ra6.3.
Heating the hollow ingot at 480 ℃, and then extruding the hollow ingot on a 2500T extruder to obtain a conduit blank; the extrusion is non-lubrication extrusion, and the length of the perforation needle in the extrusion process is 830 mm; the length of the hollow ingot in the extrusion process is 350mm, the inner diameter of the hollow ingot is 90mm, the outer diameter of the hollow ingot is 98mm, and the thickness of the hollow ingot is 4 mm; the extrusion speed in the extrusion process is 1.5m/min, the extrusion temperature is 450 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 33.42.
Performing withdrawal and straightening on the catheter blank obtained after extrusion, wherein the stretching rate in the withdrawal and straightening process is 1.5%;
and (3) carrying out etching and washing on the product after the withdrawal and straightening, wherein the etching and washing method comprises the following steps:
blowing off the aluminum scraps in the pulled and straightened pipe by using compressed air, and sequentially carrying out clear water washing, acid washing, cold water washing (a neutralization tank), alkali washing, cold water washing (a neutralization tank), acid washing and clear water washing.
Rolling the product after the etching, wherein the rolling method is a two-roller periodic cold-rolled tube method, and the feeding amount in the rolling process is 2.5 mm; the tolerance of the outer diameter of the pipe obtained after rolling is +1 mm; the tolerance of the wall thickness of the pipe obtained after rolling is-0.07 mm; the average wall thickness tolerance of the tube obtained after rolling is-0.01 mm.
And (3) reducing annealing the rolled product, wherein the temperature of the reducing annealing is 200 ℃, and the time of the reducing annealing is 1 hour.
And drawing the product after reducing annealing, wherein the drawing method is empty drawing, and the reducing amount of each pass in the empty drawing process is 2.5 mm.
And straightening the drawn product by using a roller straightening method.
Cleaning the straightened product, wherein the cleaning method comprises the following steps:
before cleaning, blowing the aluminum scraps in the pipe by using compressed air; cleaning the pipe in hot water, lifting up and down, and the cleaning time is moderate; after the hot water is cleaned, the pipe is placed in a kerosene tank for cleaning, and the pipe is lifted up and down to clean the oil stains on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe, and the cleaning time is not limited.
Detecting the quality of the outer wall, the wall thickness and the surface of the cleaned product;
annealing the qualified product to obtain an aluminum alloy conduit; the finished product annealing method comprises the following steps:
the method is carried out in a 1.5T annealing furnace, the temperature of the empty furnace is 480-490 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10min after reaching the temperature; after the oven is finished, rapidly heating the oven for charging; and immediately closing the furnace door after the charging is finished, changing the furnace temperature to 430-440 ℃, preserving the heat for 15min after the temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature for no more than 65min from the closing of the furnace door to the end of the heat preservation. And after the heat preservation is finished, rapidly discharging from the furnace, and turning on a fan for rapid cooling.
According to the GB/T228 metal material room temperature tensile test method and GB/T3246.2 low magnification organization test method for wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy products, the tensile strength and the surface grain size of the aluminum alloy conduit prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention are detected, and the detection result is that the tensile strength is 220-225 MPa and the grain size is grade 1. The aluminum alloy catheter prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention has no orange peel in the subsequent bending process.
Example 2
An aluminum alloy catheter was prepared according to the method of example 1; the difference from example 1 is that, in extrusion on a 600T extruder, the length of the perforation needle is 240 mm; the length of hollow spindle is 200mm in the extrusion process, and the internal diameter of hollow spindle is 25mm, and the external diameter is 31mm, and thickness is 3 mm.
The annealing is carried out in a 1.5T annealing furnace, the temperature of the empty furnace is 485-495 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 15min after reaching the temperature; after the oven is finished, rapidly heating the oven for charging; and immediately closing the furnace door after the charging is finished, changing the furnace temperature to 435-445 ℃, preserving the heat for 25min after the temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature for no more than 65min from the closing of the furnace door to the end of the heat preservation. And after the heat preservation is finished, rapidly discharging from the furnace, and turning on a fan for rapid cooling.
According to the method of the technical scheme, the tensile strength and the surface grain size of the aluminum alloy conduit prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention are detected, and the detection result shows that the tensile strength is 210-216 MPa and the grain size is grade 1. The aluminum alloy conduit prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention has no orange peel in the subsequent bending process.
Example 3
An aluminum alloy catheter was prepared according to the method of example 1; the method is different from the embodiment 1 in that the method is carried out in a 1.5T annealing furnace, the temperature of the empty furnace is constant at 490-500 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 30min after reaching the temperature; after the oven is finished, rapidly heating the oven for charging; and immediately closing the furnace door after the charging is finished, changing the furnace temperature to 440-450 ℃, preserving the heat for 30min after the temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature for no more than 65min from the closing of the furnace door to the end of the heat preservation. And after the heat preservation is finished, rapidly discharging from the furnace, and turning on a fan for rapid cooling.
According to the method of the technical scheme, the tensile strength and the surface grain size of the aluminum alloy conduit prepared in the embodiment 3 of the invention are detected, and the detection result shows that the tensile strength is 200-212 MPa and the grain size is grade 1. The aluminum alloy conduit prepared in the embodiment 3 of the invention has no orange peel in the subsequent bending process.
Comparative example 1
An aluminum alloy catheter was prepared according to the method of example 1; the difference from the example 1 is that the method for annealing the finished product is as follows:
and (4) charging in a cooling furnace, raising the temperature along with the furnace, preserving the heat after the temperature reaches 380 ℃, taking out the material from the furnace and air cooling after the heat is preserved for 1.5 h.
According to the method of the technical scheme, the tensile strength and the surface grain size of the aluminum alloy conduit prepared in comparative example 1 are detected, and the detection result shows that the tensile strength is 222-225 MPa and the grain size is 4-grade. The aluminum alloy catheter prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention showed orange peel during the subsequent bending process.
Comparative example 2
An aluminum alloy catheter was prepared according to the method of example 1; the method is different from the embodiment 1 in that the method is carried out in a 1.5T annealing furnace, the temperature of the empty furnace is set to be 460-470 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 30min after reaching the temperature; after the oven is finished, rapidly heating the oven for charging; and immediately closing the furnace door after the charging is finished, changing the furnace temperature to 400-420 ℃, preserving the heat for 30min after the temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature for no more than 65min from the closing of the furnace door to the end of the heat preservation. And after the heat preservation is finished, rapidly discharging from the furnace, and turning on a fan for rapid cooling.
According to the method of the technical scheme, the tensile strength and the surface grain size of the aluminum alloy conduit prepared in comparative example 2 are detected, and the detection result shows that the tensile strength is 218-224 MPa and the grain size is 2 grade. The aluminum alloy catheter prepared in comparative example 2 of the present invention showed a slight orange peel during the subsequent bending process.
Comparative example 3
An aluminum alloy catheter was prepared according to the method of example 1; the method is different from the embodiment 1 in that the method is carried out in a 1.5T annealing furnace, the temperature of the empty furnace is set to be 510-520 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 30min after the temperature is reached; after the oven is finished, rapidly heating the oven for charging; and immediately closing the furnace door after the charging is finished, changing the furnace temperature to 460-470 ℃, preserving the heat for 30min after the temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature for no more than 65min from the closing of the furnace door to the end of the heat preservation. And after the heat preservation is finished, rapidly discharging from the furnace, and turning on a fan for rapid cooling.
According to the method of the technical scheme, the tensile strength and the surface grain size of the aluminum alloy conduit prepared in comparative example 3 are detected, and the detection result shows that the tensile strength is 200-210 MPa and the grain size is 3-4 grade. The aluminum alloy catheter prepared in comparative example 3 of the present invention showed orange peel during the subsequent bending process.
From the above embodiments, the present invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy conduit with good bending performance, including: heating, extruding, straightening, etching and washing, rolling, reducing and annealing, drawing, straightening, cleaning, detecting and annealing a finished product of the hollow ingot in sequence to obtain an aluminum alloy conduit; the finished product annealing method comprises the following steps: (1) the temperature of the empty furnace is set to 480-500 ℃, heat preservation is carried out after the preset temperature is reached, and then the furnace is dried; (2) after the oven is finished, quickly charging in a hot furnace to finish charging; (3) setting the furnace temperature to 430-450 ℃ after charging, and carrying out annealing treatment; (4) rapidly discharging the furnace after the annealing treatment is finished, and carrying out air cooling; the time from the completion of charging to the discharging is less than or equal to 65 min. The invention adopts a high-temperature short-time rapid heating and cooling annealing process, so that crystal grains can be effectively refined, the annealing process can obtain the guide pipe with smaller surface grain size, and the generation of orange peel in the subsequent bending process of the aluminum alloy is avoided.
While only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of an aluminum alloy conduit with good bending property comprises the following steps:
heating, extruding, straightening, etching and washing, rolling, reducing and annealing, drawing, straightening, cleaning, detecting and annealing a finished product of the hollow ingot in sequence to obtain an aluminum alloy conduit;
the finished product annealing method comprises the following steps:
(1) the temperature of the empty furnace is set to 480-500 ℃, heat preservation is carried out after the preset temperature is reached, and then the furnace is dried;
(2) after the oven is finished, quickly charging in a hot furnace to finish charging;
(3) setting the furnace temperature to 430-450 ℃ after charging, and carrying out annealing treatment;
(4) rapidly discharging the furnace after the annealing treatment is finished, and carrying out air cooling;
the preparation method of the hollow ingot comprises the following steps:
turning and boring the solid ingot to obtain a hollow ingot;
the solid ingot comprises the following components: 0.06 wt% silicon; 0.16 wt% iron; 0.02 wt% copper; 0.31 wt% manganese; 2.48 wt% magnesium; 0.01 wt% titanium; the total mass content of iron and silicon is 0.22 percent; the balance being aluminum;
the time from the completion of charging to the discharging is less than or equal to 65 min;
the air cooling method is to start a fan to cool quickly;
the temperature of the reducing annealing is 195-205 ℃;
the time of reducing annealing is 0.5-1.5 hours.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the holding time in the step (1) is 10 to 30 min.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the holding time in the step (3) is 10-30 min.
4. The method set forth in claim 1 wherein said step (2) of furnace charging is immediately followed by closing the furnace door.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the height of the annealing basket used in the final annealing process is 200mm to 350 mm.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the annealing basket is charged by:
the guide pipe with the outer diameter larger than phi 20mm is filled with the basket;
the phi 20mm is more than or equal to the conduit with the outer diameter larger than phi 10mm, and the charging height of each basket does not exceed half basket;
the outer diameter of the conduit is less than or equal to phi 10mm, and the charging height of each basket does not exceed 100 mm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the rolling process is a two roll cyclic cold rolled tube process, and wherein the amount of material fed during rolling is no greater than 3.0 mm.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion speed in the extrusion process is 1.0-2.5 m/min;
the extrusion temperature in the extrusion process is 440-460 ℃;
the extrusion ratio in the extrusion process is 15-45.
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