CN107930364A - A kind of cleaning system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases - Google Patents
A kind of cleaning system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于废气净化技术领域,具体涉及一种针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统,包括依次管道连通的颗粒物过滤器、湿法氧化反应塔、光催化反应模块、风机和烟气排放装置;光催化反应模块为单个或多个并联设置的光催化反应器;光催化反应器包括无极紫外灯、石英套管和外筒体,无极紫外灯包括内电极、外电极和可变高压电源,外筒体的每个内壁上均匀固定有催化剂载玻片,催化剂载玻片上均匀涂覆有催化剂。本发明的有益效果是:采用三种处理方式协同净化,彻底分解废气;可调节可变高压电源,也可改变低气压混合气体,从而得到不同波长的紫外光,可降解不同的废气,不需使用活性炭吸附,净化效率高,成本低,使用简单。
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste gas purification, and specifically relates to a purification system for a mixture of microparticles and volatile organic gases, including a particulate filter, a wet oxidation reaction tower, a photocatalytic reaction module, a fan and flue gas connected in sequence Emission device; the photocatalytic reaction module is a single or multiple photocatalytic reactors arranged in parallel; the photocatalytic reactor includes an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, a quartz sleeve and an outer cylinder, and the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp includes an inner electrode, an outer electrode and a variable high voltage A power supply, each inner wall of the outer cylinder body is evenly fixed with a catalyst slide, and the catalyst slide is uniformly coated with a catalyst. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: three treatment methods are used for synergistic purification to completely decompose waste gas; variable high-voltage power supply can be adjusted, and low-pressure mixed gas can also be changed to obtain ultraviolet light of different wavelengths, which can degrade different waste gases without the need for Using activated carbon adsorption, high purification efficiency, low cost, easy to use.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于废气净化技术领域,具体涉及一种针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of waste gas purification, and in particular relates to a purification system for the mixture of microparticles and volatile organic gases.
背景技术Background technique
挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)是大气污染物中最主要污染物之一,很多VOCs自身毒性强,属于恶臭物质,对人体健康产生严重危害。VOCs物质还能与汽车和工厂排放的NOx等发生光化学烟雾形成臭氧和甲醛等,因此VOCs是形成二次有机气溶胶粒子和O3的重要前体物,是大气复合型污染和灰霾形成的关键。VOCs还能影响地球辐射平衡,降低大气能见度,严重危害人体健康和生态环境。Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the most important pollutants in the air. Many VOCs are highly toxic and are odorous substances, which pose serious hazards to human health. VOCs substances can also produce photochemical smog with NOx emitted by automobiles and factories to form ozone and formaldehyde. Therefore, VOCs are important precursors for the formation of secondary organic aerosol particles and O 3 , and are formed by atmospheric composite pollution and haze. The essential. VOCs can also affect the earth's radiation balance, reduce atmospheric visibility, and seriously endanger human health and the ecological environment.
有些行业,如石油行业、化工行业等,其在作业过程中会产生大量的废气,包括微粒(雾化颗粒)和挥发性有机气体(VOCs)。微粒通常采用干法(滤绵、滤板、滤纸等过滤器)和水洗法,而VOCs废气主要采用吸收法、等离子体技术、吸附-燃烧联合处理法等。公开号为203842462U的实用新型专利公开了“一种涂料生产的气体净化装置”,主要采用“液体吸收+过滤”的方法,上述专利的技术方案对颗粒物有较好的去除效果,但对VOCs没有很好的效果。Some industries, such as petroleum industry, chemical industry, etc., will produce a large amount of exhaust gas during operation, including particulates (atomized particles) and volatile organic gases (VOCs). Particulates usually adopt dry method (filter cotton, filter plate, filter paper and other filters) and water washing method, while VOCs exhaust gas mainly adopts absorption method, plasma technology, adsorption-combustion combined treatment method, etc. The utility model patent with the publication number 203842462U discloses "a gas purification device for coating production", which mainly adopts the method of "liquid absorption + filtration". The technical solution of the above patent has a good removal effect on particulate matter, but has no effect on VOCs. very good result.
另外,吸收法广泛用于治理石化行业等有机废气,由于废气中苯系物化学活性低,通常采用物理吸收法,技术的关键和难点在于吸收剂的选择;吸附法净化VOCs通常采用活性炭为吸附剂,净化效率高,但废弃的吸附剂需要再生或者作为危险废弃物特殊处理,带来了额外的处理费用;并且吸附剂的再生也十分麻烦困难。因此,针对上述单一方法的不足,开发一种操作简单、处理费用低、应用广泛的针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物废气治理工艺非常有必要。In addition, the absorption method is widely used to treat organic waste gas such as petrochemical industry. Due to the low chemical activity of benzene series in the waste gas, physical absorption method is usually used. The key and difficulty of the technology lies in the selection of absorbent; the adsorption method usually uses activated carbon as the adsorption method to purify VOCs. The purification efficiency is high, but the discarded adsorbent needs to be regenerated or specially treated as hazardous waste, which brings additional treatment costs; and the regeneration of the adsorbent is also very troublesome and difficult. Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned single method, it is very necessary to develop a waste gas treatment process for the mixture of fine particles and volatile organic gases, which is simple to operate, low in treatment cost, and widely used.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服现有技术存在的缺陷,提供一种采用三种处理方式协同净化,彻底分解废气,净化效率高,可调节可变高压电源,也可改变低气压混合气体,从而得到不同波长的紫外光,可降解不同的废气,能量利用率更高,废气处理效果好的针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, to provide a collaborative purification using three treatment methods, thoroughly decomposing waste gas, high purification efficiency, adjustable high-voltage power supply, and low-pressure mixed gas, so as to obtain different The ultraviolet light of the wavelength can degrade different exhaust gases, with higher energy utilization rate and better exhaust gas treatment effect. It is a purification system for the mixture of micro particles and volatile organic gases.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统,其包括依次管道连通的颗粒物过滤器、湿法氧化反应塔、光催化反应模块、风机和烟气排放装置;光催化反应模块为单个光催化反应器或多个并联设置的光催化反应器;光催化反应器包括无极紫外灯、石英套管和外筒体,无极紫外灯包括内电极、外电极和可变高压电源,内电极和外电极之间设有气体填充室,气体填充室内充有惰性气体与卤素气体的混合气体或惰性气体与汞蒸汽的混合气体,内电极和外电极一一对应地连接至可变高压电源的正负极;石英套管和外筒体从内向外依次套设于无极紫外灯上,石英套管的两端外部套设有管板,外筒体通过管板固定于石英套管上,一个管板上设有反应气进口,反应气进口管道连通湿法氧化反应塔的塔顶气相出口,湿法氧化反应塔的塔顶气相出口处设有除沫器,湿法氧化反应塔的气相进口位于塔底;另一个管板上设有反应气出口,反应气出口管道连通风机进口;外筒体、两个管板和石英套管之间构成催化反应腔;石英套管的两端内部固定有聚四氟乙烯多孔环,无极紫外灯的两端一一对应地穿设于两个聚四氟乙烯多孔环中;石英套管、两个聚四氟乙烯多孔环和无极紫外灯之间构成氮气室;石英套管的一端为氮气进口,石英套管的另一端为氮气出口,氮气进口和氮气出口分别通过各自的聚四氟乙烯多孔环上的通孔连通氮气室;外筒体为矩形筒体,外筒体的每个内壁上均匀固定有多个催化剂载玻片,催化剂载玻片上均匀涂覆有催化剂。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a purification system for the mixture of microparticles and volatile organic gases, which includes a particulate filter, a wet oxidation reaction tower, a photocatalytic reaction module, The fan and flue gas exhaust device; the photocatalytic reaction module is a single photocatalytic reactor or multiple photocatalytic reactors arranged in parallel; the photocatalytic reactor includes an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, a quartz sleeve and an outer cylinder, and the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp includes an inner electrode, outer electrode and variable high-voltage power supply, a gas-filled chamber is provided between the inner electrode and the outer electrode, the gas-filled chamber is filled with a mixture of inert gas and halogen gas or a mixture of inert gas and mercury vapor, the inner electrode and the outer electrode The electrodes are connected to the positive and negative poles of the variable high-voltage power supply in one-to-one correspondence; the quartz sleeve and the outer cylinder are sequentially sleeved on the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp from the inside to the outside, and the two ends of the quartz sleeve are sleeved with tube plates, and the outer cylinder The body is fixed on the quartz sleeve through a tube plate, and a reaction gas inlet is provided on one tube plate, and the reaction gas inlet pipe is connected to the gas phase outlet at the top of the wet oxidation reaction tower, and the gas phase outlet at the top of the wet oxidation reaction tower is provided with Demister, the gas phase inlet of the wet oxidation reaction tower is located at the bottom of the tower; there is a reaction gas outlet on the other tube plate, and the reaction gas outlet pipe is connected to the fan inlet; the outer cylinder body, the two tube plates and the quartz sleeve are formed Catalytic reaction chamber; the two ends of the quartz sleeve are fixed with polytetrafluoroethylene porous rings, and the two ends of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp are respectively inserted in the two polytetrafluoroethylene porous rings; the quartz sleeve, two polytetrafluoroethylene porous rings A nitrogen chamber is formed between the tetrafluoroethylene porous ring and the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp; one end of the quartz sleeve is a nitrogen inlet, and the other end of the quartz sleeve is a nitrogen outlet, and the nitrogen inlet and nitrogen outlet pass through their respective polytetrafluoroethylene porous rings. The through hole of the outer cylinder is connected to the nitrogen chamber; the outer cylinder is a rectangular cylinder, and each inner wall of the outer cylinder is evenly fixed with a plurality of catalyst slides, and the catalyst slides are evenly coated with catalysts.
本发明的净化系统工作时,打开风机,含有微粒和挥发性有机气体的废气由颗粒物过滤器进入,湿法氧化反应塔的气体进口位于塔底且位于最下端的。在气体的上升过程中,气体与上部喷淋的氧化剂水溶液进行错流反应,氧化反应生产无害物质,同时产生的废水进入塔底储存。经过湿法氧化反应塔吸收大部分VOCs的气体经过经除沫器除雾后,再由管道进入光催化反应模块进行有机废气的进一步氧化净化,有机废气在光催化反应模块产生的紫外线下直接分解或者被催化剂表面的活性自由基氧化,经过三级净化后的废气经由风机驱动,进入烟气排放装置排出。其中,烟气排放装置优选为烟囱。When the purification system of the present invention is working, the blower is turned on, and the waste gas containing particles and volatile organic gases enters through the particle filter, and the gas inlet of the wet oxidation reaction tower is located at the bottom and the lowest end of the tower. During the rising process of the gas, the gas reacts cross-flow with the oxidant aqueous solution sprayed on the upper part, the oxidation reaction produces harmless substances, and the waste water generated at the same time enters the bottom of the tower for storage. The gas that absorbs most of the VOCs through the wet oxidation reaction tower is demistered by the demister, and then enters the photocatalytic reaction module through the pipeline to further oxidize and purify the organic waste gas. The organic waste gas is directly decomposed under the ultraviolet rays generated by the photocatalytic reaction module. Or it is oxidized by active free radicals on the surface of the catalyst, and the exhaust gas after three-stage purification is driven by a fan and discharged into the flue gas discharge device. Among them, the flue gas discharge device is preferably a chimney.
本发明采用了过滤、湿法氧化设备的化学吸收氧化和UV光催化三种处理方式协同净化,可避免单一的过滤吸吸附法对微颗粒和VOCs的混合物进行彻底净化,单一的化学氧化无法对有机挥发性气体进行高效吸收,单一的UV光催化对高浓度有机挥发性气体的净化效果低等缺陷,能够将多种单独采用过滤、化学吸收氧化或UV光催化无法处理(或者需要大能耗)的废气彻底地分解,大大降低设备成本的投入,且其净化效率高、占地面积小,安装和操作简单、运行费用低,且可以根据废气流量和性质的波动组合其中的2个处理单元(例如湿法氧化+光催化或过滤+湿法氧化)使用。The present invention adopts three processing methods of filtration, chemical absorption oxidation of wet oxidation equipment and UV photocatalysis for synergistic purification, which can avoid the thorough purification of the mixture of microparticles and VOCs by a single filtration, absorption and adsorption method, and a single chemical oxidation cannot Efficient absorption of organic volatile gases, single UV photocatalysis has low purification effect on high-concentration organic volatile gases and other defects, and can treat a variety of single-use filtration, chemical absorption oxidation or UV photocatalysis (or require large energy consumption) ) completely decomposes the waste gas, which greatly reduces the investment in equipment cost, and has high purification efficiency, small footprint, simple installation and operation, and low operating costs, and two of the processing units can be combined according to the fluctuation of waste gas flow and properties (eg wet oxidation + photocatalysis or filtration + wet oxidation) are used.
另外,在光催化反应模块中的光催化反应器中,在经湿法氧化后的废气从反应气进口进入催化反应腔后,可变高压电源通电,采用介质阻挡放电激励发光,并采用放电电压和输入功率可调的可变高压电源激发双层介质之间的低气压混合气体(稀有气体-汞蒸汽或稀有气体-卤素)放电产生准分子紫外辐射,低气压混合气体被激发产生的准分子紫外光向石英套管外的催化反应腔中的挥发性有机废气进一步彻底地分解,分解形成的无害气体从反应气出口排出,并经由风机驱动,进入烟气排放装置排出,彻底地净化了挥发性有机气体,达到零污染排放。根据主要去除气态污染物分子的最大紫外吸收截面所对应的紫外线波长,本发明可调节可变高压电源,也可改变气体填充室中的低气压混合气体,波长λ可调范围在100~400nm之间,从而得到不同波长的紫外光(真空紫外VUV和UV),也可改变催化剂的种类,从而有针对性地降解不同组分、不同含量的废气,能量利用率更高,废气处理效果好,使污染物得到有效的净化,使用灵活方便。In addition, in the photocatalytic reactor in the photocatalytic reaction module, after the wet-oxidized waste gas enters the catalytic reaction chamber from the reaction gas inlet, the variable high-voltage power supply is energized, and the dielectric barrier discharge is used to stimulate light emission, and the discharge voltage is used to And the variable high-voltage power supply with adjustable input power excites the low-pressure mixed gas (rare gas-mercury vapor or rare gas-halogen) discharge between the double-layer medium to produce excimer ultraviolet radiation, and the low-pressure mixed gas is excited to produce excimer The ultraviolet light further thoroughly decomposes the volatile organic waste gas in the catalytic reaction chamber outside the quartz sleeve, and the harmless gas formed by the decomposition is discharged from the reaction gas outlet, driven by a fan, and discharged into the flue gas discharge device, which thoroughly purifies the Volatile organic gases, to achieve zero pollution emissions. According to the ultraviolet wavelength corresponding to the maximum ultraviolet absorption cross-section that mainly removes gaseous pollutant molecules, the present invention can adjust the variable high-voltage power supply, and can also change the low-pressure mixed gas in the gas-filled chamber. The adjustable range of wavelength λ is between 100-400nm In order to obtain different wavelengths of ultraviolet light (vacuum ultraviolet VUV and UV), the type of catalyst can also be changed, so as to degrade different components and different contents of exhaust gas in a targeted manner, with higher energy utilization rate and better exhaust gas treatment effect. The pollutants are effectively purified, and the use is flexible and convenient.
其中,氮气室可通过氮气进口和氮气出口不断地进出,可带走无极紫外灯的表面热量,同时避免了空气中O2对紫外光的吸收,提高光的利用率。Among them, the nitrogen chamber can continuously enter and exit through the nitrogen inlet and nitrogen outlet, which can take away the surface heat of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, and at the same time avoid the absorption of ultraviolet light by O2 in the air, and improve the utilization rate of light.
此外,催化剂长期使用会产生失效,本发明通过催化剂载玻片作为催化剂的载体,可以定期更换,使用方便。另外,外筒体为矩形筒体,方便催化剂载玻片固定,使用更为便利。In addition, long-term use of the catalyst will cause failure. The present invention uses the catalyst glass slide as the carrier of the catalyst, which can be replaced regularly and is convenient to use. In addition, the outer cylinder body is a rectangular cylinder body, which is convenient for fixing the catalyst glass slide and is more convenient to use.
具体地,石英套管外表面均匀涂覆有催化剂,进一步提高了催化效果。此外,当催化剂失效后,也可擦拭,并重新涂抹新的催化剂,使用方便。Specifically, the outer surface of the quartz sleeve is evenly coated with a catalyst, which further improves the catalytic effect. In addition, when the catalyst fails, it can also be wiped and reapplied with a new catalyst, which is convenient to use.
优选地,催化剂为纯TiO2、分子筛、活性氧化铝或或掺杂非金属元素的TiO2;进一步地优选,催化剂为掺杂石墨烯的TiO2。Preferably, the catalyst is pure TiO 2 , molecular sieve, activated alumina or TiO 2 doped with non-metal elements; more preferably, the catalyst is TiO 2 doped with graphene.
具体地,颗粒物过滤器的废气进口处设有导流器,导流器同心设置有多个固定环,任意相邻两个固定环之间通过多个圆周均布并呈辐射状布置的翅板分隔成多个扇形通道。该结构便于废气均匀分布并导流进入颗粒物过滤器的过滤通道中。Specifically, a deflector is provided at the exhaust gas inlet of the particle filter, and a plurality of fixed rings are concentrically arranged on the deflector, and a plurality of fins uniformly distributed around the circumference and arranged in a radial shape are passed between any two adjacent fixed rings. Divided into multiple fan-shaped channels. This structure facilitates the uniform distribution of exhaust gas and guides it into the filter channel of the particle filter.
进一步地,从颗粒物过滤器的进口往出口方向上,颗粒物过滤器的过滤通道内依次设置有第一级过滤材料、第二级过滤材料和第三级过滤材料,第一级过滤材料为多块平行设置的过滤板,任意相邻两个过滤板之间均设有间隙,每块过滤板上均布有过滤孔;从颗粒物过滤器的进口往出口方向上,过滤板的过滤孔的孔径递减,过滤板的过滤孔的密度递增;第二级过滤材料为玻璃棉,第三级过滤材料为多张层叠设置的滤纸。本发明的三级过滤材料可安装在可拆卸性的多孔支架上,滤料填充时保证气体通过时阻力尽可能低;另外,颗粒物过滤器的壳体一侧可设置多个便于安装三级过滤材料的安装孔,安装完毕后再用法兰盖密封;多级串联的过滤结构的过滤孔径和过滤缝隙宽度逐级递减,实现了对废气的分级过滤净化,增加了过滤面积,增强了过滤效果,进而提高了微颗粒的去除率。Further, in the direction from the inlet of the particulate filter to the outlet, a first-stage filter material, a second-stage filter material, and a third-stage filter material are sequentially arranged in the filter channel of the particulate filter, and the first-stage filter material is a plurality of pieces Filter plates arranged in parallel, there is a gap between any two adjacent filter plates, and each filter plate is evenly distributed with filter holes; from the inlet to the outlet of the particle filter, the pore diameter of the filter holes of the filter plate decreases , the density of the filter holes of the filter plate is increasing; the second-stage filter material is glass wool, and the third-stage filter material is a plurality of stacked filter papers. The three-stage filter material of the present invention can be installed on a detachable porous bracket, and the resistance when the filter material is filled ensures that the gas passes through as low as possible; in addition, one side of the shell of the particle filter can be provided with multiple filters for easy installation of three-stage filter The installation hole of the material is sealed with a flange cover after installation; the filter aperture and filter gap width of the multi-stage series filter structure are gradually reduced, which realizes the hierarchical filtration and purification of exhaust gas, increases the filter area, and enhances the filter effect. In turn, the removal rate of microparticles is improved.
进一步地,湿法氧化反应塔的pH调节剂进口管道连通至pH调节剂储罐,湿法氧化反应塔的氧化剂进口管道连通至氧化剂储槽,湿法氧化反应塔连通有自来水进口管;湿法氧化反应塔内从下往上依次安装除沫器和多个填料层,各填料层上方均设置有喷洒装置,各喷洒装置的进口均通过管道连通至循环泵,循环泵的进口管道连通至湿法氧化反应塔的塔底,湿法氧化反应塔的塔底连通有废水出口管,湿法氧化反应塔的气相进口位于下端的填料层的下方;氧化剂储槽中的氧化剂为氧化性较强的NaClO。湿法氧化反应塔可设置至少一组喷洒装置及除沫器,湿法氧化反应塔内设置喷头将氧化吸收液均匀喷洒在填料上,废气通过填料时,增大废气与氧化吸收液的接触面积,增加吸收效率。本发明的湿法氧化反应塔为非均相反应塔,塔内通过格栅等支撑件安装填料层,填料层中的填料优选为玻璃珠。废气中的有机气体从下往上通过填料塔时,与顶部喷淋的氧化剂错流接触,在填料表面进行非均相反应,从而实现VOCs的高效降解,降解后的气体通过塔顶部的除沫器去除水分后,进入下一个处理单元。喷淋的氧化剂通过循环泵按一定的流量通过喷洒装置往下喷,多次循环饱和后通过废水出口管排出,并从氧化剂储槽补充新鲜氧化剂过来。所采用的氧化剂为NaClO,处理效果好。必要时可以采用pH调节剂储罐调节湿法氧化反应塔内的酸碱度。Further, the pH regulator inlet pipeline of the wet oxidation reaction tower is connected to the pH regulator storage tank, the oxidant inlet pipeline of the wet oxidation reaction tower is connected to the oxidant storage tank, and the wet oxidation reaction tower is connected with a tap water inlet pipe; In the oxidation reaction tower, demisters and multiple packing layers are installed sequentially from bottom to top. Spraying devices are installed above each packing layer. The bottom of the oxidation reaction tower is connected to the bottom of the oxidation reaction tower with a waste water outlet pipe, and the gas phase inlet of the oxidation reaction tower is located below the packing layer at the lower end; NaClO. The wet oxidation reaction tower can be equipped with at least one set of spraying devices and demisters. The wet oxidation reaction tower is equipped with a nozzle to evenly spray the oxidation absorption liquid on the packing. When the waste gas passes through the packing, the contact area between the waste gas and the oxidation absorption liquid is increased. , to increase absorption efficiency. The wet oxidation reaction tower of the present invention is a heterogeneous reaction tower, and a packing layer is installed in the tower through supports such as grids, and the filler in the packing layer is preferably glass beads. When the organic gas in the exhaust gas passes through the packed tower from bottom to top, it contacts with the oxidant sprayed on the top in cross-flow, and undergoes a heterogeneous reaction on the surface of the packing, so as to realize the efficient degradation of VOCs. The degraded gas passes through the defoaming at the top of the tower. After the water is removed by the filter, it enters the next processing unit. The sprayed oxidant is sprayed down through the spraying device at a certain flow rate by the circulating pump, and is discharged through the waste water outlet pipe after being saturated for many times, and fresh oxidant is replenished from the oxidant storage tank. The oxidant used is NaClO, and the treatment effect is good. If necessary, the pH adjuster storage tank can be used to adjust the pH in the wet oxidation reaction tower.
进一步地,pH调节剂储罐为硫酸储罐或氢氧化钠储罐,可以进行酸碱调和。Further, the storage tank of the pH regulator is a sulfuric acid storage tank or a sodium hydroxide storage tank, which can be used for acid-base adjustment.
进一步地,在每一层填料层的上方,湿法氧化反应塔的侧壁上均开设有人孔,方便安装检修;湿法氧化反应塔的塔底向一侧凸起并连通有喷淋液收集箱,喷淋液收集箱的箱顶设有内伸至箱底的搅拌器和pH计,自来水进口管、pH调节剂储罐和氧化剂储槽均连通至喷淋液收集箱的箱顶,循环泵的进口管道连通于喷淋液收集箱的箱底,循环泵和喷洒装置的进口之间的管道中设有流量计。喷淋液收集箱的结构方便从上部安装搅拌器和pH计,安装方便,搅拌后浓度均匀;还可根据流量计流速调节循环泵,使喷洒装置的喷洒效果更好;还可针对pH计测得的pH值,通过pH调节剂储罐调节pH,反应效果更好。自来水进口管、pH调节剂储罐和氧化剂储槽均连通至喷淋液收集箱的箱顶,便于直接在喷淋液收集箱中混合均匀,混合液从箱底通过管道进入循环泵的进口进行循环。Further, above each layer of packing layer, manholes are provided on the side wall of the wet oxidation reaction tower to facilitate installation and maintenance; the bottom of the wet oxidation reaction tower protrudes to one side and is connected with a spray liquid collection The top of the spray liquid collection box is equipped with a stirrer and a pH meter extending to the bottom of the box. The tap water inlet pipe, pH regulator storage tank and oxidant storage tank are all connected to the top of the spray liquid collection box. The circulation pump The inlet pipeline is connected to the bottom of the spray liquid collection tank, and a flow meter is arranged in the pipeline between the circulation pump and the inlet of the spraying device. The structure of the spray liquid collection box is convenient to install the agitator and the pH meter from the upper part. The obtained pH value is adjusted through the pH regulator storage tank, and the reaction effect is better. The tap water inlet pipe, the pH regulator storage tank and the oxidant storage tank are all connected to the top of the spray liquid collection tank, which is convenient to mix evenly in the spray liquid collection tank directly, and the mixed liquid enters the inlet of the circulation pump through the pipeline from the bottom of the tank for circulation .
另一个可选地改进方案,光催化反应器全部或部分替换为光催化反应箱,光催化反应箱包括箱体,箱体中平行插设有多根UV灯管,箱体的一端进口连通湿法氧化反应塔的顶部气相出口,箱体的另一端出口连通风机进口;UV灯管为185nm-365nm的UV水银灯。UV灯管采购、安装、使用方便,光催化反应箱结构简单,操作方便。Another optional improvement is that the photocatalytic reactor is completely or partially replaced by a photocatalytic reaction box, the photocatalytic reaction box includes a box body, and a plurality of UV lamp tubes are inserted in parallel in the box body, and one end of the box body is connected to the wet room. The top gas phase outlet of the French oxidation reaction tower, and the outlet at the other end of the box is connected to the fan inlet; the UV lamp tube is a UV mercury lamp of 185nm-365nm. The UV lamp is easy to purchase, install and use, and the photocatalytic reaction box is simple in structure and easy to operate.
另一个可选地改进方案,氧化剂储槽中的氧化剂NaClO溶液替换为H2O2或Fe/H2O2溶液,湿法氧化反应塔的塔顶内部设有一排光解紫外灯,光解紫外灯位于除沫器下方,这样就构成了UV/H2O2、UV/Fe/H2O2体系。当氧化剂为H2O2溶液时,位于除沫器下方的光解紫外灯可以光分解氧化剂中的双氧水产生·O和·OH自由基,·O和·OH自由基在塔体内部与待降解废气分子碰撞碰撞并反应,提高目标分子的解离率,从而提高了湿法氧化反应塔中的氧化效率。Another optional improvement plan, the oxidant NaClO solution in the oxidant storage tank is replaced by H 2 O 2 or Fe/H 2 O 2 solution, a row of photolysis ultraviolet lamps is arranged inside the top of the wet oxidation reaction tower, and the photolysis The UV lamp is located below the demister, thus forming a UV/H 2 O 2 , UV/Fe/H 2 O 2 system. When the oxidant is H 2 O 2 solution, the photolysis UV lamp located under the demister can photodecompose the hydrogen peroxide in the oxidant to generate O and OH free radicals, and the O and OH free radicals are in the tower body to be degraded The exhaust gas molecules collide and react to increase the dissociation rate of the target molecules, thereby improving the oxidation efficiency in the wet oxidation reaction tower.
具体地,所有光催化反应器和/或光催化反应箱采用多组装置并联,以扩大废气处理量,每组之间留有间隙,多组统一安装在不锈钢外壳内构成一个整体的光催化反应模块。Specifically, all photocatalytic reactors and/or photocatalytic reaction boxes are connected in parallel with multiple sets of devices to expand the amount of waste gas treatment. There is a gap between each set, and multiple sets are uniformly installed in a stainless steel shell to form an integral photocatalytic reaction. module.
另外,单独采用本发明中的湿法氧化反应塔,对模拟化工有机废气进行实验研究。流程为:废气发生器或废气储气罐出来的废气经过气体混合器混合,再经过气体缓冲器进一步混合均匀后,在引风机作用下进入湿法氧化反应塔内进行降解,反应后的气体通过在线气体分析仪检测其浓度,降解达标后的气体通过排气管排出。In addition, the wet oxidation reaction tower in the present invention is used alone to carry out experimental research on simulated chemical industry organic waste gas. The process is: the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator or the exhaust gas storage tank is mixed through the gas mixer, and then further mixed evenly through the gas buffer, and then enters the wet oxidation reaction tower for degradation under the action of the induced draft fan, and the reacted gas passes through the The online gas analyzer detects its concentration, and the degraded gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe.
采用玻璃珠为填料的湿法氧化反应塔降解流动态模拟化工有机废气(含二甲苯废气),二甲苯初始浓度为300-1000mg/m3,气体流速为10-50m3/h,降解废气的方法和效果如下:The degradation flow dynamics of the wet oxidation reaction tower using glass beads as filler simulates chemical organic waste gas (including xylene waste gas). The initial concentration of xylene is 300-1000mg/m 3 and the gas flow rate is 10-50m 3 /h. The method and effect are as follows:
含二甲苯废气从废气发生器出气口流出,经过气体混合器和缓冲器混合后,进入湿法氧化反应塔。通过流量计控制气体流速为10-50m3/h,甲苯初始浓度为300-1000mg/m3,浓度稳定后,从氧化剂储槽里用泵将一定浓度为氧化剂从喷淋液收集箱顶部进入并与其他溶液混合搅拌后,通过循环泵打入塔顶并喷洒,与塔底流入的气体进行逆流接触,在填料表面进行非均相反应。The waste gas containing xylene flows out from the gas outlet of the waste gas generator, and after being mixed with the gas mixer and the buffer, it enters the wet oxidation reaction tower. The gas flow rate is controlled by a flow meter to be 10-50m 3 /h, and the initial concentration of toluene is 300-1000mg/m 3 . After mixing and stirring with other solutions, it is pumped into the top of the tower by a circulation pump and sprayed, and is in countercurrent contact with the gas flowing in from the bottom of the tower, and undergoes a heterogeneous reaction on the surface of the packing.
在线气体分析仪同步检测二甲苯的浓度,从而得到其去除效率。结果表明,采用甲苯初始浓度为500mg/m3,在UV/Fe/H2O2体系中,pH为3.5,气体流速为15m3/h,二甲苯去除率达85.3%,去除率高,反应效果好。The online gas analyzer simultaneously detects the concentration of xylene to obtain its removal efficiency. The results show that, with the initial concentration of toluene at 500mg/m 3 , in the UV/Fe/H 2 O 2 system, the pH is 3.5, the gas flow rate is 15m 3 /h, the removal rate of xylene is 85.3%, the removal rate is high, and the reaction The effect is good.
另外,单独采用本发明中的光催化反应器,对模拟化工有机废气进行实验研究。流程为:废气发生器或废气储气罐出来的废气经过气体混合器混合,再经过气体缓冲器进一步混合均匀后,在引风机作用下进入光催化反应器内进行降解,反应后的气体通过在线气体分析仪检测其浓度,降解达标后的气体通过排气管排出。In addition, the photocatalytic reactor in the present invention is used alone to conduct experimental research on simulated chemical industry organic waste gas. The process is: the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator or the exhaust gas storage tank is mixed through the gas mixer, and then further mixed evenly through the gas buffer, and then enters the photocatalytic reactor for degradation under the action of the induced draft fan, and the reacted gas passes through the online The gas analyzer detects its concentration, and the degraded gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe.
本方案降解流动态模拟化工有机废气(含二甲苯废气),二甲苯初始浓度为50-300mg/m3,气体流速为10-50m3/h,降解废气的方法和效果如下:The degradation flow of this scheme dynamically simulates chemical organic waste gas (including xylene waste gas). The initial concentration of xylene is 50-300mg/m 3 , and the gas flow rate is 10-50m 3 /h. The method and effect of degrading waste gas are as follows:
(1)采用KrBr、XeBr两种准分子灯作为光源,催化剂为TiO2,催化剂采用涂覆的方式。(1) Two kinds of excimer lamps, KrBr and XeBr, are used as light sources, the catalyst is TiO 2 , and the catalyst is coated.
(2)含二甲苯废气从废气发生器出气口流出,经过气体混合器和缓冲器混合后,进入光催化反应器。通过流量计控制气体流速为10-50m3/h,甲苯初始浓度为50-300mg/m3,浓度稳定后,打开准分子光源,进行光催化降解。(2) Exhaust gas containing xylene flows out from the outlet of the exhaust gas generator, mixes with the gas mixer and buffer, and then enters the photocatalytic reactor. The gas flow rate is controlled by a flow meter to be 10-50m 3 /h, and the initial concentration of toluene is 50-300mg/m 3 . After the concentration is stable, the excimer light source is turned on for photocatalytic degradation.
(3)在线气体分析仪同步检测二甲苯的浓度,从而得到其去除效率。结果表明,采用XeBr准分子灯,TiO2作为催化剂,二甲苯初始浓度为110mg/m3,气体流速为15m3/h,二甲苯去除率达72.5%,二甲苯去除率更高,反应效果更好。(3) The online gas analyzer detects the concentration of xylene synchronously, so as to obtain its removal efficiency. The results show that using XeBr excimer lamp, TiO 2 as catalyst, the initial concentration of xylene is 110mg/m 3 , the gas flow rate is 15m 3 /h, the removal rate of xylene is 72.5%, the removal rate of xylene is higher, and the reaction effect is better it is good.
为了提高光解效率,也可在气体中通入水蒸气,水分子在紫外光的作用下,分解成·O和·OH自由基,提高光解效果。In order to improve the photolysis efficiency, water vapor can also be introduced into the gas, and the water molecules will be decomposed into ·O and ·OH free radicals under the action of ultraviolet light to improve the photolysis effect.
另外,单独采用本发明中的光催化反应箱,对模拟化工有机废气进行实验研究。以14W的UV紫外灯为激发光源,通过合理的结构优化,设计成可操作性的小流量成套样机,用于模拟化工有机废气降解。废气流量为20-30m3/h,微颗粒物浓度为100mg/m3,VOCs浓度在81.2mg/m3,微颗粒和有机物均得到有效去除,组合装置颗粒物去除率超过85%,甲苯去除率超过50%,颗粒物和挥发性有机气体综合去除效果更好。In addition, the photocatalytic reaction box in the present invention is used alone to conduct experimental research on simulated chemical industry organic waste gas. Using a 14W UV lamp as the excitation light source, through reasonable structural optimization, an operable small-flow complete prototype is designed to simulate the degradation of chemical organic waste gas. The waste gas flow rate is 20-30m 3 /h, the particle concentration is 100mg/m 3 , and the VOCs concentration is 81.2mg/m 3 . The particles and organic matter are effectively removed. The particle removal rate of the combined device exceeds 85%, and the removal rate of toluene exceeds 50%, the comprehensive removal effect of particulate matter and volatile organic gases is better.
因此,本发明可以根据废气流量和性质的波动组合其中的2个处理单元(例如湿法氧化+光催化或多级过滤+湿法氧化)使用,颗粒物和挥发性有机气体综合去除效果更好。Therefore, the present invention can combine two of the treatment units (such as wet oxidation + photocatalysis or multi-stage filtration + wet oxidation) according to the fluctuation of the exhaust gas flow and properties, and the comprehensive removal effect of particulate matter and volatile organic gases is better.
本发明的一种针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统的有益效果是:The beneficial effect of a kind of purification system for the mixture of microparticles and volatile organic gases of the present invention is:
1.本发明采用了过滤、湿法氧化设备的化学吸收氧化和UV光催化三种处理方式协同净化,可避免单一的过滤吸吸附法对微颗粒和VOCs的混合物进行彻底净化,单一的化学氧化无法对有机挥发性气体进行高效吸收,单一的UV光催化对高浓度有机挥发性气体的净化效果低等缺陷,能够将多种单独采用过滤、化学吸收氧化或UV光催化无法处理(或者需要大能耗)的废气彻底地分解,大大降低设备成本的投入,且其净化效率高、占地面积小,安装和操作简单、运行费用低,且可以根据废气流量和性质的波动组合其中的2个处理单元(例如湿法氧化+光催化或过滤+湿法氧化)使用;1. The present invention adopts three treatment methods of filtration, chemical absorption oxidation and UV photocatalysis of wet oxidation equipment for synergistic purification, which can avoid the thorough purification of the mixture of microparticles and VOCs by a single filtration, absorption and adsorption method, and single chemical oxidation Inability to efficiently absorb organic volatile gases, single UV photocatalysis has low purification effect on high-concentration organic volatile gases, etc., and can treat a variety of single-use filtration, chemical absorption oxidation or UV photocatalysis (or require a large Energy consumption) exhaust gas can be completely decomposed, which greatly reduces the investment in equipment costs, and has high purification efficiency, small footprint, simple installation and operation, and low operating costs, and two of them can be combined according to the fluctuation of exhaust gas flow and properties Treatment unit (e.g. wet oxidation + photocatalysis or filtration + wet oxidation) use;
2.根据主要去除气态污染物分子的最大紫外吸收截面所对应的紫外线波长,本发明可调节可变高压电源,也可改变气体填充室中的低气压混合气体,波长λ可调范围在100~400nm之间,从而得到不同波长的紫外光(真空紫外VUV和UV),也可改变催化剂的种类,从而有针对性地降解不同组分、不同含量的废气,能量利用率更高,废气处理效果好,使污染物得到有效的净化,使用灵活方便;不需使用活性炭吸附,净化效率高,成本低,使用简单;2. According to the ultraviolet wavelength corresponding to the maximum ultraviolet absorption cross-section of gaseous pollutant molecules, the present invention can adjust the variable high-voltage power supply, and can also change the low-pressure mixed gas in the gas-filled chamber. The adjustable range of wavelength λ is from 100 to 400nm, so as to obtain different wavelengths of ultraviolet light (vacuum ultraviolet VUV and UV), and also change the type of catalyst, so as to degrade different components and different contents of exhaust gas in a targeted manner, with higher energy utilization rate and better exhaust gas treatment effect Good, the pollutants are effectively purified, and the use is flexible and convenient; no need to use activated carbon adsorption, the purification efficiency is high, the cost is low, and the use is simple;
3.氮气室可通过氮气进口和氮气出口不断地进出,可带走无极紫外灯的表面热量,同时避免了空气中O2对紫外光的吸收,提高光的利用率;3. The nitrogen chamber can continuously enter and exit through the nitrogen inlet and nitrogen outlet, which can take away the surface heat of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, and at the same time avoid the absorption of ultraviolet light by O2 in the air, and improve the utilization rate of light;
4.催化剂长期使用会产生失效,本发明通过催化剂载玻片作为催化剂的载体,可以定期更换,使用方便;4. The long-term use of the catalyst will cause failure. The present invention uses the catalyst glass slide as the carrier of the catalyst, which can be replaced regularly and is easy to use;
5.外筒体为矩形筒体,方便催化剂载玻片固定,使用更为便利。5. The outer cylinder is a rectangular cylinder, which is convenient for fixing the catalyst slide and is more convenient to use.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
图1是本发明的一种针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统的工艺流程图;Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a purification system for a mixture of microparticles and volatile organic gases of the present invention;
图2是本发明的一种针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统的打开侧盖后的颗粒物过滤器的主视图;Fig. 2 is a front view of the particle filter after opening the side cover of a purification system for a mixture of microparticles and volatile organic gases of the present invention;
图3是本发明的一种针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统的导流器的右视图;Fig. 3 is a right side view of a deflector of a purification system for a mixture of microparticles and volatile organic gases of the present invention;
图4是本发明的一种针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统的湿法氧化反应塔的湿法氧化工艺流程图;Fig. 4 is a wet oxidation process flow chart of the wet oxidation reaction tower of the purification system for the mixture of microparticles and volatile organic gases of the present invention;
图5是本发明的一种针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统的光催化反应器的全剖示意图;Fig. 5 is a kind of full sectional view of the photocatalytic reactor of the purification system of the mixture of microparticles and volatile organic gases of the present invention;
图6是本发明的一种针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统的光催化反应箱的全剖示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photocatalytic reaction box of a purification system for a mixture of microparticles and volatile organic gases according to the present invention.
其中:1.颗粒物过滤器,11.导流器,111.固定环,112.翅板,113.扇形通道,12.第一级过滤材料,13.第二级过滤材料,14.第三级过滤材料;2.湿法氧化反应塔,21.除沫器,22.填料层,23.喷洒装置,24.光解紫外灯,25.人孔,26.喷淋液收集箱,27.搅拌器,28.pH计,29.流量计;3.光催化反应模块,31.光催化反应器,311.无极紫外灯,3111.内电极,3112.外电极,3113.可变高压电源,3114.气体填充室,312.石英套管,313.外筒体,314.管板,3141.反应气进口,3142.反应气出口,315.催化反应腔,316.聚四氟乙烯多孔环,317.氮气室,318.催化剂载玻片,32.光催化反应箱,321.箱体,322.UV灯管;4.风机;5.烟气排放装置;6.pH调节剂储罐;7.氧化剂储槽;8.自来水进口管;9.循环泵;10.废水出口管。Among them: 1. particle filter, 11. deflector, 111. fixed ring, 112. fin plate, 113. fan-shaped channel, 12. first-stage filter material, 13. second-stage filter material, 14. third-stage Filter material; 2. wet oxidation reaction tower, 21. demister, 22. packing layer, 23. spraying device, 24. photolysis ultraviolet lamp, 25. manhole, 26. spray liquid collection box, 27. stirring Device, 28. pH meter, 29. Flow meter; 3. Photocatalytic reaction module, 31. Photocatalytic reactor, 311. Electrodeless ultraviolet lamp, 3111. Internal electrode, 3112. External electrode, 3113. Variable high voltage power supply, 3114 .gas-filled chamber, 312. quartz sleeve, 313. outer cylinder, 314. tube plate, 3141. reaction gas inlet, 3142. reaction gas outlet, 315. catalytic reaction chamber, 316. polytetrafluoroethylene porous ring, 317 .Nitrogen chamber, 318. Catalyst glass slide, 32. Photocatalytic reaction box, 321. Box body, 322. UV lamp; 4. Fan; 5. Flue gas discharge device; 6. pH regulator storage tank; 7. Oxidant storage tank; 8. Tap water inlet pipe; 9. Circulation pump; 10. Waste water outlet pipe.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
现在结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。这些附图均为简化的示意图,仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构,因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。The present invention is described in further detail now in conjunction with accompanying drawing. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so they only show the configurations related to the present invention.
如图1-图6所示的本发明的一种针对微颗粒和挥发性有机气体的混合物的净化系统的具体实施例,其包括依次管道连通的颗粒物过滤器1、湿法氧化反应塔2、光催化反应模块3、风机4和烟气排放装置5;光催化反应模块3为单个光催化反应器31或多个并联设置的光催化反应器31;光催化反应器31包括无极紫外灯311、石英套管312和外筒体313,无极紫外灯311包括内电极3111、外电极3112和可变高压电源3113,内电极3111和外电极3112之间设有气体填充室3114,气体填充室3114内充有惰性气体与卤素气体的混合气体或惰性气体与汞蒸汽的混合气体,内电极3111和外电极3112一一对应地连接至可变高压电源3113的正负极;石英套管312和外筒体313从内向外依次套设于无极紫外灯311上,石英套管312的两端外部套设有管板314,外筒体313通过管板314固定于石英套管312上,一个管板314上设有反应气进口3141,反应气进口3141管道连通湿法氧化反应塔2的塔顶气相出口,湿法氧化反应塔2的塔顶气相出口处设有除沫器21,湿法氧化反应塔2的气相进口位于塔底;另一个管板314上设有反应气出口3142,反应气出口3142管道连通风机4进口;外筒体313、两个管板314和石英套管312之间构成催化反应腔315;石英套管312的两端内部固定有聚四氟乙烯多孔环316,无极紫外灯311的两端一一对应地穿设于两个聚四氟乙烯多孔环316中;石英套管312、两个聚四氟乙烯多孔环316和无极紫外灯311之间构成氮气室317;石英套管312的一端为氮气进口,石英套管312的另一端为氮气出口,氮气进口和氮气出口分别通过各自的聚四氟乙烯多孔环316上的通孔连通氮气室317;外筒体313为矩形筒体,外筒体313的每个内壁上均匀固定有多个催化剂载玻片318,催化剂载玻片318上均匀涂覆有催化剂。As shown in Figures 1-6, a specific embodiment of a purification system for a mixture of microparticles and volatile organic gases of the present invention includes a particulate filter 1, a wet oxidation reaction tower 2, and a pipeline connected in sequence. Photocatalytic reaction module 3, fan 4 and flue gas discharge device 5; Photocatalytic reaction module 3 is the photocatalytic reactor 31 of single photocatalytic reactor 31 or a plurality of parallel settings; Photocatalytic reactor 31 comprises electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 311, Quartz sleeve 312 and outer cylinder 313, electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 311 includes inner electrode 3111, outer electrode 3112 and variable high-voltage power supply 3113, a gas-filled chamber 3114 is provided between the inner electrode 3111 and outer electrode 3112, and the gas-filled chamber 3114 Filled with a mixed gas of inert gas and halogen gas or a mixed gas of inert gas and mercury vapor, the inner electrode 3111 and the outer electrode 3112 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the variable high-voltage power supply 3113 in one-to-one correspondence; the quartz sleeve 312 and the outer cylinder The body 313 is sleeved on the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 311 sequentially from the inside to the outside. The two ends of the quartz sleeve 312 are sleeved with tube plates 314. The outer cylinder 313 is fixed on the quartz sleeve 312 through the tube plate 314. One tube plate 314 There is a reaction gas inlet 3141 on the top, and the reaction gas inlet 3141 pipeline is connected to the gas phase outlet at the top of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2, and the gas phase outlet at the top of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 is provided with a demister 21, and the wet oxidation reaction tower The gas phase inlet of 2 is located at the bottom of the tower; the other tube plate 314 is provided with a reaction gas outlet 3142, and the reaction gas outlet 3142 pipe is connected to the fan 4 inlet; the outer cylinder 313, the two tube plates 314 and the quartz sleeve 312 form a catalytic The reaction chamber 315; the two ends of the quartz sleeve 312 are fixed with polytetrafluoroethylene porous rings 316, and the two ends of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 311 are respectively inserted in the two polytetrafluoroethylene porous rings 316; the quartz sleeve 312. A nitrogen chamber 317 is formed between two polytetrafluoroethylene porous rings 316 and the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 311; one end of the quartz sleeve 312 is a nitrogen inlet, and the other end of the quartz sleeve 312 is a nitrogen outlet, and the nitrogen inlet and the nitrogen outlet are respectively The through holes on the respective polytetrafluoroethylene porous rings 316 communicate with the nitrogen chamber 317; the outer cylinder 313 is a rectangular cylinder, and each inner wall of the outer cylinder 313 is evenly fixed with a plurality of catalyst slides 318, and the catalyst is loaded The glass slide 318 is uniformly coated with catalyst.
本实施例的净化系统工作时,打开风机4,含有微粒和挥发性有机气体的废气由颗粒物过滤器1进入,湿法氧化反应塔2的气体进口位于塔底且位于最下端的。在气体的上升过程中,气体与上部喷淋的氧化剂水溶液进行错流反应,氧化反应生产无害物质,同时产生的废水进入塔底储存。经过湿法氧化反应塔2吸收大部分VOCs的气体经过经除沫器21除雾后,再由管道进入光催化反应模块3进行有机废气的进一步氧化净化,有机废气在光催化反应模块3产生的紫外线下直接分解或者被催化剂表面的活性自由基氧化,经过三级净化后的废气经由风机4驱动,进入烟气排放装置5排出。其中,烟气排放装置5优选为烟囱。When the purification system of this embodiment is working, the blower 4 is turned on, and the exhaust gas containing particles and volatile organic gases enters through the particle filter 1, and the gas inlet of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 is located at the bottom and the lowest end of the tower. During the rising process of the gas, the gas reacts cross-flow with the oxidant aqueous solution sprayed on the upper part, the oxidation reaction produces harmless substances, and the waste water generated at the same time enters the bottom of the tower for storage. The gas that absorbs most of the VOCs through the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 is demistered by the demister 21, and then enters the photocatalytic reaction module 3 through the pipeline to further oxidize and purify the organic waste gas. The organic waste gas generated in the photocatalytic reaction module 3 It is directly decomposed under ultraviolet light or oxidized by active free radicals on the surface of the catalyst, and the waste gas after three-stage purification is driven by the fan 4 and enters the flue gas discharge device 5 to be discharged. Among them, the flue gas discharge device 5 is preferably a chimney.
本实施例采用了过滤、湿法氧化设备的化学吸收氧化和UV光催化三种处理方式协同净化,可避免单一的过滤吸吸附法对微颗粒和VOCs的混合物进行彻底净化,单一的化学氧化无法对有机挥发性气体进行高效吸收,单一的UV光催化对高浓度有机挥发性气体的净化效果低等缺陷,能够将多种单独采用过滤、化学吸收氧化或UV光催化无法处理(或者需要大能耗)的废气彻底地分解,大大降低设备成本的投入,且其净化效率高、占地面积小,安装和操作简单、运行费用低,且可以根据废气流量和性质的波动组合其中的2个处理单元(例如湿法氧化+光催化或过滤+湿法氧化)使用。This embodiment adopts the collaborative purification of filtration, chemical absorption oxidation of wet oxidation equipment and UV photocatalysis, which can avoid the thorough purification of the mixture of microparticles and VOCs by a single filtration, absorption and adsorption method, and a single chemical oxidation cannot Efficient absorption of organic volatile gases, single UV photocatalysis has low purification effect on high-concentration organic volatile gases and other defects, and can treat a variety of single-use filtration, chemical absorption oxidation or UV photocatalysis (or require large energy) Consumption) exhaust gas can be completely decomposed, greatly reducing the investment in equipment costs, and it has high purification efficiency, small footprint, simple installation and operation, low operating costs, and can combine two of them according to the fluctuation of exhaust gas flow and properties Units (eg wet oxidation + photocatalysis or filtration + wet oxidation) are used.
另外,在光催化反应模块3中的光催化反应器31中,在经湿法氧化后的废气从反应气进口3141进入催化反应腔315后,可变高压电源3113通电,采用介质阻挡放电激励发光,并采用放电电压和输入功率可调的可变高压电源3113激发双层介质之间的低气压混合气体(稀有气体-汞蒸汽或稀有气体-卤素)放电产生准分子紫外辐射,低气压混合气体被激发产生的准分子紫外光向石英套管312外的催化反应腔315中的挥发性有机废气进一步彻底地分解,分解形成的无害气体从反应气出口3142排出,并经由风机4驱动,进入烟气排放装置5排出,彻底地净化了挥发性有机气体,达到零污染排放。根据主要去除气态污染物分子的最大紫外吸收截面所对应的紫外线波长,本实施例可调节可变高压电源3113,也可改变气体填充室3114中的低气压混合气体,波长λ可调范围在100~400nm之间,从而得到不同波长的紫外光(真空紫外VUV和UV),也可改变催化剂的种类,从而有针对性地降解不同组分、不同含量的废气,能量利用率更高,废气处理效果好,使污染物得到有效的净化,使用灵活方便。In addition, in the photocatalytic reactor 31 in the photocatalytic reaction module 3, after the waste gas after wet oxidation enters the catalytic reaction chamber 315 from the reaction gas inlet 3141, the variable high-voltage power supply 3113 is energized, and the dielectric barrier discharge is used to stimulate light emission. , and use the variable high-voltage power supply 3113 with adjustable discharge voltage and input power to excite the low-pressure mixed gas (rare gas-mercury vapor or rare gas-halogen) discharge between the double-layer medium to generate excimer ultraviolet radiation, and the low-pressure mixed gas Excited and generated excimer ultraviolet light further completely decomposes the volatile organic waste gas in the catalytic reaction chamber 315 outside the quartz sleeve 312, and the harmless gas formed by the decomposition is discharged from the reaction gas outlet 3142, driven by the fan 4, and enters the The flue gas discharge device 5 discharges the volatile organic gases thoroughly, and achieves zero pollution discharge. According to the ultraviolet wavelength corresponding to the maximum ultraviolet absorption cross-section that mainly removes gaseous pollutant molecules, this embodiment can adjust the variable high-voltage power supply 3113, and can also change the low-pressure mixed gas in the gas filling chamber 3114. The adjustable range of wavelength λ is 100 ~400nm, so as to obtain ultraviolet light of different wavelengths (vacuum ultraviolet VUV and UV), and also change the type of catalyst, so as to degrade different components and different contents of exhaust gas in a targeted manner, with higher energy utilization efficiency and exhaust gas treatment The effect is good, the pollutants are effectively purified, and the use is flexible and convenient.
其中,氮气室317可通过氮气进口和氮气出口不断地进出,可带走无极紫外灯311的表面热量,同时避免了空气中O2对紫外光的吸收,提高光的利用率。Among them, the nitrogen chamber 317 can continuously enter and exit through the nitrogen inlet and nitrogen outlet, which can take away the surface heat of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp 311, avoid the absorption of ultraviolet light by O2 in the air, and improve the utilization rate of light.
此外,催化剂长期使用会产生失效,本实施例通过催化剂载玻片318作为催化剂的载体,可以定期更换,使用方便。另外,外筒体313为矩形筒体,方便催化剂载玻片318固定,使用更为便利。In addition, the catalyst will become invalid after long-term use. In this embodiment, the catalyst slide glass 318 is used as the carrier of the catalyst, which can be replaced regularly and is convenient to use. In addition, the outer cylinder 313 is a rectangular cylinder, which is convenient for fixing the catalyst glass slide 318 and is more convenient to use.
具体地,石英套管312外表面均匀涂覆有催化剂,进一步提高了催化效果。此外,当催化剂失效后,也可擦拭,并重新涂抹新的催化剂,使用方便。Specifically, the outer surface of the quartz sleeve 312 is evenly coated with a catalyst, which further improves the catalytic effect. In addition, when the catalyst fails, it can also be wiped and reapplied with a new catalyst, which is convenient to use.
优选地,催化剂为纯TiO2、分子筛、活性氧化铝或或掺杂非金属元素的TiO2;进一步地优选,催化剂为掺杂石墨烯的TiO2。Preferably, the catalyst is pure TiO 2 , molecular sieve, activated alumina or TiO 2 doped with non-metal elements; more preferably, the catalyst is TiO 2 doped with graphene.
具体地,颗粒物过滤器1的废气进口处设有导流器11,导流器11同心设置有多个固定环111,任意相邻两个固定环111之间通过多个圆周均布并呈辐射状布置的翅板112分隔成多个扇形通道113。该结构便于废气均匀分布并导流进入颗粒物过滤器1的过滤通道中。Specifically, a deflector 11 is provided at the exhaust gas inlet of the particle filter 1, and the deflector 11 is concentrically provided with a plurality of fixed rings 111, and any two adjacent fixed rings 111 are uniformly distributed and radiated by multiple circumferences. The fins 112 arranged in a shape are divided into a plurality of fan-shaped channels 113 . This structure facilitates the uniform distribution of exhaust gas and guides it into the filter channel of the particle filter 1 .
进一步地,从颗粒物过滤器1的进口往出口方向上,颗粒物过滤器1的过滤通道内依次设置有第一级过滤材料12、第二级过滤材料13和第三级过滤材料14,第一级过滤材料12为多块平行设置的过滤板,任意相邻两个过滤板之间均设有间隙,每块过滤板上均布有过滤孔;从颗粒物过滤器1的进口往出口方向上,过滤板的过滤孔的孔径递减,过滤板的过滤孔的密度递增;第二级过滤材料13为玻璃棉,第三级过滤材料14为多张层叠设置的滤纸。本实施例的三级过滤材料可安装在可拆卸性的多孔支架上,滤料填充时保证气体通过时阻力尽可能低;另外如图2所示,颗粒物过滤器1的壳体一侧可设置多个便于安装三级过滤材料的安装孔,安装完毕后再用法兰盖密封;多级串联的过滤结构的过滤孔径和过滤缝隙宽度逐级递减,实现了对废气的分级过滤净化,增加了过滤面积,增强了过滤效果,进而提高了微颗粒的去除率。Further, in the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the particulate filter 1, a first-stage filter material 12, a second-stage filter material 13, and a third-stage filter material 14 are sequentially arranged in the filter channel of the particulate filter 1. The filter material 12 is a plurality of filter plates arranged in parallel, gaps are provided between any adjacent two filter plates, and filter holes are evenly distributed on each filter plate; The pore size of the filter holes of the plate decreases gradually, and the density of the filter holes of the filter plate increases; the second-stage filter material 13 is glass wool, and the third-stage filter material 14 is a plurality of stacked filter papers. The three-stage filter material of this embodiment can be installed on a detachable porous support, and the resistance when the filter material is filled ensures that the gas passes as low as possible; in addition, as shown in Figure 2, one side of the housing of the particle filter 1 can be provided Multiple installation holes for easy installation of three-stage filter materials, which are sealed with flange covers after installation; the filter aperture and filter gap width of the multi-stage series filter structure are gradually reduced, which realizes the hierarchical filtration and purification of exhaust gas and increases the filtration capacity. The area enhances the filtering effect, thereby improving the removal rate of micro particles.
进一步地,湿法氧化反应塔2的pH调节剂进口管道连通至pH调节剂储罐6,湿法氧化反应塔2的氧化剂进口管道连通至氧化剂储槽7,湿法氧化反应塔2连通有自来水进口管8;湿法氧化反应塔2内从下往上依次安装除沫器21和多个填料层22,各填料层22上方均设置有喷洒装置23,各喷洒装置23的进口均通过管道连通至循环泵9,循环泵9的进口管道连通至湿法氧化反应塔2的塔底,湿法氧化反应塔2的塔底连通有废水出口管10,湿法氧化反应塔2的气相进口位于下端的填料层22的下方;氧化剂储槽7中的氧化剂为氧化性较强的NaClO。湿法氧化反应塔2可设置至少一组喷洒装置23及除沫器21,湿法氧化反应塔2内设置喷头将氧化吸收液均匀喷洒在填料上,废气通过填料时,增大废气与氧化吸收液的接触面积,增加吸收效率。本实施例的湿法氧化反应塔2为非均相反应塔,塔内通过格栅等支撑件安装填料层22,填料层22中的填料优选为玻璃珠。废气中的有机气体从下往上通过填料塔时,与顶部喷淋的氧化剂错流接触,在填料表面进行非均相反应,从而实现VOCs的高效降解,降解后的气体通过塔顶部的除沫器21去除水分后,进入下一个处理单元。喷淋的氧化剂通过循环泵9按一定的流量通过喷洒装置23往下喷,多次循环饱和后通过废水出口管10排出,并从氧化剂储槽7补充新鲜氧化剂过来。所采用的氧化剂为NaClO,处理效果好。必要时可以采用pH调节剂储罐6调节湿法氧化反应塔2内的酸碱度。Further, the pH regulator inlet pipeline of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 is connected to the pH regulator storage tank 6, the oxidant inlet pipeline of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 is connected to the oxidant storage tank 7, and the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 is connected to tap water Inlet pipe 8; demisters 21 and multiple packing layers 22 are installed sequentially from bottom to top in wet oxidation reaction tower 2, and spraying devices 23 are arranged above each packing layer 22, and the inlets of each spraying device 23 are connected through pipelines To the circulating pump 9, the inlet pipe of the circulating pump 9 is connected to the bottom of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2, and the bottom of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 is connected to a waste water outlet pipe 10, and the gas phase inlet of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 is located at the lower end Below the packing layer 22; the oxidizing agent in the oxidizing agent storage tank 7 is NaClO with strong oxidizing property. The wet oxidation reaction tower 2 can be equipped with at least one set of spraying devices 23 and demisters 21. The wet oxidation reaction tower 2 is equipped with a nozzle to evenly spray the oxidation absorption liquid on the packing. When the waste gas passes through the packing, the waste gas and oxidation absorption are increased. The liquid contact area increases the absorption efficiency. The wet oxidation reaction tower 2 of this embodiment is a heterogeneous reaction tower, and a packing layer 22 is installed in the tower through supports such as grids, and the filler in the packing layer 22 is preferably glass beads. When the organic gas in the exhaust gas passes through the packed tower from bottom to top, it contacts with the oxidant sprayed on the top in cross-flow, and undergoes a heterogeneous reaction on the surface of the packing, so as to realize the efficient degradation of VOCs. The degraded gas passes through the defoaming at the top of the tower. After the water is removed by the device 21, it enters the next processing unit. The sprayed oxidant is sprayed down through the spraying device 23 at a certain flow rate by the circulation pump 9, and is discharged through the waste water outlet pipe 10 after being saturated for many times, and fresh oxidant is replenished from the oxidant storage tank 7. The oxidant used is NaClO, and the treatment effect is good. If necessary, the pH adjuster storage tank 6 can be used to adjust the pH in the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 .
进一步地,pH调节剂储罐6为硫酸储罐或氢氧化钠储罐,可以进行酸碱调和。Further, the pH adjuster storage tank 6 is a sulfuric acid storage tank or a sodium hydroxide storage tank, which can be used for acid-base adjustment.
进一步地,在每一层填料层22的上方,湿法氧化反应塔2的侧壁上均开设有人孔25,方便安装检修;湿法氧化反应塔2的塔底向一侧凸起并连通有喷淋液收集箱26,喷淋液收集箱26的箱顶设有内伸至箱底的搅拌器27和pH计28,自来水进口管8、pH调节剂储罐6和氧化剂储槽7均连通至喷淋液收集箱26的箱顶,循环泵9的进口管道连通于喷淋液收集箱26的箱底,循环泵9和喷洒装置23的进口之间的管道中设有流量计29。喷淋液收集箱26的结构方便从上部安装搅拌器27和pH计28,安装方便,搅拌后浓度均匀;还可根据流量计29流速调节循环泵9,使喷洒装置23的喷洒效果更好;还可针对pH计28测得的pH值,通过pH调节剂储罐6调节pH,反应效果更好。自来水进口管8、pH调节剂储罐6和氧化剂储槽7均连通至喷淋液收集箱26的箱顶,便于直接在喷淋液收集箱26中混合均匀,混合液从箱底通过管道进入循环泵9的进口进行循环。Further, above each packing layer 22, a manhole 25 is provided on the side wall of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 for easy installation and maintenance; the bottom of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 protrudes to one side and communicates with a The spray liquid collection box 26, the top of the spray liquid collection box 26 is provided with the agitator 27 and the pH meter 28 extending to the bottom of the case, and the tap water inlet pipe 8, the pH regulator storage tank 6 and the oxidant storage tank 7 are all connected to The top of the spray liquid collection box 26 and the inlet pipeline of the circulation pump 9 are connected to the bottom of the spray liquid collection box 26 , and a flow meter 29 is arranged in the pipeline between the circulation pump 9 and the inlet of the spraying device 23 . The structure of the spray liquid collection box 26 is convenient to install the agitator 27 and the pH meter 28 from the upper part, the installation is convenient, and the concentration is uniform after stirring; the circulating pump 9 can also be adjusted according to the flow rate of the flow meter 29, so that the spraying effect of the spraying device 23 is better; The pH value measured by the pH meter 28 can also be adjusted through the pH regulator storage tank 6, so that the reaction effect is better. The tap water inlet pipe 8, the pH regulator storage tank 6 and the oxidant storage tank 7 are all connected to the top of the spray liquid collection tank 26, which is convenient to mix evenly in the spray liquid collection tank 26 directly, and the mixed liquid enters the circulation through the pipeline from the bottom of the tank. The inlet of pump 9 is circulated.
另一个可选地改进方案,光催化反应器31全部或部分替换为光催化反应箱32,光催化反应箱32包括箱体321,箱体321中平行插设有多根UV灯管322,箱体321的一端进口连通湿法氧化反应塔2的顶部气相出口,箱体321的另一端出口连通风机4进口;UV灯管322为185nm-365nm的UV水银灯。UV灯管322采购、安装、使用方便,光催化反应箱32结构简单,操作方便。In another optional improvement, the photocatalytic reactor 31 is replaced in whole or in part by a photocatalytic reaction box 32, the photocatalytic reaction box 32 includes a box body 321, and a plurality of UV lamp tubes 322 are inserted in parallel in the box body 321, and the box body One end of the body 321 has an inlet connected to the top gas phase outlet of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2, and the other end of the box 321 has an outlet connected to the fan 4 inlet; the UV lamp 322 is a UV mercury lamp of 185nm-365nm. The UV lamp tube 322 is convenient to purchase, install and use, and the photocatalytic reaction box 32 is simple in structure and easy to operate.
另一个可选地改进方案,氧化剂储槽7中的氧化剂NaClO溶液替换为H2O2或Fe/H2O2溶液,湿法氧化反应塔2的塔顶内部设有一排光解紫外灯24,光解紫外灯24位于除沫器21下方,这样就构成了UV/H2O2、UV/Fe/H2O2体系。当氧化剂为H2O2溶液时,位于除沫器21下方的光解紫外灯24可以光分解氧化剂中的双氧水产生·O和·OH自由基,·O和·OH自由基在塔体内部与待降解废气分子碰撞碰撞并反应,提高目标分子的解离率,从而提高了湿法氧化反应塔2中的氧化效率。In another optional modification, the oxidant NaClO solution in the oxidant storage tank 7 is replaced by H2O2 or Fe/ H2O2 solution, and a row of photolysis ultraviolet lamps 24 is arranged inside the top of the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 , the photolytic ultraviolet lamp 24 is located below the demister 21, thus forming a UV/H 2 O 2 , UV/Fe/H 2 O 2 system. When the oxidizing agent is H 2 O 2 solution, the photolysis ultraviolet lamp 24 positioned under the demister 21 can photodecompose the hydrogen peroxide in the oxidizing agent to generate O and OH free radicals, and O and OH free radicals are in the tower body with The molecules of the waste gas to be degraded collide and react to increase the dissociation rate of target molecules, thereby increasing the oxidation efficiency in the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 .
具体地,所有光催化反应器31和/或光催化反应箱32采用多组装置并联,以扩大废气处理量,每组之间留有间隙,多组统一安装在不锈钢外壳内构成一个整体的光催化反应模块3。Specifically, all photocatalytic reactors 31 and/or photocatalytic reaction boxes 32 are connected in parallel with multiple sets of devices to expand the amount of waste gas treatment, with gaps between each set, and multiple sets are uniformly installed in a stainless steel shell to form an integral photo Catalytic Reaction Module 3.
另外,单独采用本发明中的湿法氧化反应塔2,对模拟化工有机废气进行实验研究。流程为:废气发生器或废气储气罐出来的废气经过气体混合器混合,再经过气体缓冲器进一步混合均匀后,在引风机作用下进入湿法氧化反应塔2内进行降解,反应后的气体通过在线气体分析仪检测其浓度,降解达标后的气体通过排气管排出。In addition, the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 of the present invention is used alone to conduct experimental research on simulated chemical organic waste gas. The process is: the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator or the exhaust gas storage tank is mixed by the gas mixer, and then further mixed evenly by the gas buffer, and then enters the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 for degradation under the action of the induced draft fan, and the reacted gas The concentration is detected by an online gas analyzer, and the degraded gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe.
采用玻璃珠为填料的湿法氧化反应塔2降解流动态模拟化工有机废气(含二甲苯废气),二甲苯初始浓度为300-1000mg/m3,气体流速为10-50m3/h,降解废气的方法和效果如下:Wet oxidation reaction tower 2 using glass beads as fillers dynamically simulates chemical organic waste gas (including xylene waste gas ) . The method and effect are as follows:
含二甲苯废气从废气发生器出气口流出,经过气体混合器和缓冲器混合后,进入湿法氧化反应塔2。通过流量计控制气体流速为10-50m3/h,甲苯初始浓度为300-1000mg/m3,浓度稳定后,从氧化剂储槽7里用泵将一定浓度为氧化剂从喷淋液收集箱26顶部进入并与其他溶液混合搅拌后,通过循环泵9打入塔顶并喷洒,与塔底流入的气体进行逆流接触,在填料表面进行非均相反应。The xylene-containing waste gas flows out from the gas outlet of the waste gas generator, and enters the wet oxidation reaction tower 2 after being mixed with a gas mixer and a buffer. The gas flow rate is controlled by a flow meter to be 10-50m 3 /h, and the initial concentration of toluene is 300-1000mg/m 3 . After the concentration is stable, use a pump to pump the oxidant with a certain concentration from the top of the spray liquid collection tank 26 from the oxidant storage tank 7. After entering and mixing with other solutions, it is pumped into the top of the tower through the circulation pump 9 and sprayed, and it is in countercurrent contact with the gas flowing in from the bottom of the tower, and a heterogeneous reaction occurs on the surface of the filler.
在线气体分析仪同步检测二甲苯的浓度,从而得到其去除效率。结果表明,采用甲苯初始浓度为500mg/m3,在UV/Fe/H2O2体系中,pH为3.5,气体流速为15m3/h,二甲苯去除率达85.3%,去除率高,反应效果好。The online gas analyzer simultaneously detects the concentration of xylene to obtain its removal efficiency. The results show that, with the initial concentration of toluene at 500mg/m 3 , in the UV/Fe/H 2 O 2 system, the pH is 3.5, the gas flow rate is 15m 3 /h, the removal rate of xylene is 85.3%, the removal rate is high, and the reaction The effect is good.
另外,单独采用本发明中的光催化反应器31,对模拟化工有机废气进行实验研究。流程为:废气发生器或废气储气罐出来的废气经过气体混合器混合,再经过气体缓冲器进一步混合均匀后,在引风机作用下进入光催化反应器31内进行降解,反应后的气体通过在线气体分析仪检测其浓度,降解达标后的气体通过排气管排出。In addition, the photocatalytic reactor 31 in the present invention is used alone to conduct experimental research on simulated chemical industry organic waste gas. The process is: the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generator or the exhaust gas storage tank is mixed through the gas mixer, and then further mixed evenly through the gas buffer, and then enters the photocatalytic reactor 31 for degradation under the action of the induced draft fan, and the reacted gas passes through the The online gas analyzer detects its concentration, and the degraded gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe.
本方案降解流动态模拟化工有机废气(含二甲苯废气),二甲苯初始浓度为50-300mg/m3,气体流速为10-50m3/h,降解废气的方法和效果如下:The degradation flow of this scheme dynamically simulates chemical organic waste gas (including xylene waste gas). The initial concentration of xylene is 50-300mg/m 3 , and the gas flow rate is 10-50m 3 /h. The method and effect of degrading waste gas are as follows:
(1)采用KrBr、XeBr两种准分子灯作为光源,催化剂为TiO2,催化剂采用涂覆的方式。(1) Two kinds of excimer lamps, KrBr and XeBr, are used as light sources, the catalyst is TiO 2 , and the catalyst is coated.
(2)含二甲苯废气从废气发生器出气口流出,经过气体混合器和缓冲器混合后,进入光催化反应器31。通过流量计控制气体流速为10-50m3/h,甲苯初始浓度为50-300mg/m3,浓度稳定后,打开准分子光源,进行光催化降解。(2) Waste gas containing xylene flows out from the gas outlet of the waste gas generator, and enters the photocatalytic reactor 31 after being mixed by the gas mixer and the buffer. The gas flow rate is controlled by a flow meter to be 10-50m 3 /h, and the initial concentration of toluene is 50-300mg/m 3 . After the concentration is stable, the excimer light source is turned on for photocatalytic degradation.
(3)在线气体分析仪同步检测二甲苯的浓度,从而得到其去除效率。结果表明,采用XeBr准分子灯,TiO2作为催化剂,二甲苯初始浓度为110mg/m3,气体流速为15m3/h,二甲苯去除率达72.5%,二甲苯去除率更高,反应效果更好。(3) The online gas analyzer detects the concentration of xylene synchronously, so as to obtain its removal efficiency. The results show that using XeBr excimer lamp, TiO 2 as catalyst, the initial concentration of xylene is 110mg/m 3 , the gas flow rate is 15m 3 /h, the removal rate of xylene is 72.5%, the removal rate of xylene is higher, and the reaction effect is better it is good.
为了提高光解效率,也可在气体中通入水蒸气,水分子在紫外光的作用下,分解成·O和·OH自由基,提高光解效果。In order to improve the photolysis efficiency, water vapor can also be introduced into the gas, and the water molecules will be decomposed into ·O and ·OH free radicals under the action of ultraviolet light to improve the photolysis effect.
另外,单独采用本发明中的光催化反应箱32,对模拟化工有机废气进行实验研究。以14W的UV紫外灯为激发光源,通过合理的结构优化,设计成可操作性的小流量成套样机,用于模拟化工有机废气降解。废气流量为20-30m3/h,微颗粒物浓度为100mg/m3,VOCs浓度在81.2mg/m3,微颗粒和有机物均得到有效去除,组合装置颗粒物去除率超过85%,甲苯去除率超过50%,颗粒物和挥发性有机气体综合去除效果更好。In addition, the photocatalytic reaction box 32 in the present invention is used alone to conduct experimental research on simulated chemical industry organic waste gas. Using a 14W UV lamp as the excitation light source, through reasonable structural optimization, an operable small-flow complete prototype is designed to simulate the degradation of chemical organic waste gas. The waste gas flow rate is 20-30m 3 /h, the particle concentration is 100mg/m 3 , and the VOCs concentration is 81.2mg/m 3 . The particles and organic matter are effectively removed. The particle removal rate of the combined device exceeds 85%, and the removal rate of toluene exceeds 50%, the comprehensive removal effect of particulate matter and volatile organic gases is better.
因此,本实施例可以根据废气流量和性质的波动组合其中的2个处理单元(例如湿法氧化+光催化或多级过滤+湿法氧化)使用,颗粒物和挥发性有机气体综合去除效果更好。Therefore, this embodiment can combine two of the treatment units (such as wet oxidation + photocatalysis or multi-stage filtration + wet oxidation) according to the fluctuation of the exhaust gas flow and properties, and the comprehensive removal effect of particulate matter and volatile organic gases is better. .
应当理解,以上所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。由本发明的精神所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. Obvious changes or variations derived from the spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. cleaning system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases, it is characterised in that:Including managing successively Particulate filter (1), wet oxidation reaction tower (2), light-catalyzed reaction module (3), wind turbine (4) and the flue gas emission of road connection Device (5);The light-catalyzed reaction module (3) is single photo catalysis reactor (31) or multiple light-catalyzed reactions being arranged in parallel Device (31);The photo catalysis reactor (31) includes electrodeless ultraviolet lamp (311), quartz socket tube (312) and outer barrel (313), institute Stating electrodeless ultraviolet lamp (311) includes interior electrode (3111), external electrode (3112) and variable high voltage supplies (3113), the interior electrode (3111) gas-filled chamber (3114) is equipped between external electrode (3112), the gas-filled chamber (3114) is interior filled with indifferent gas The mixed gas or inert gas of body and halogen gas and the mixed gas of mercuryvapour, the interior electrode (3111) and external electrode (3112) positive and negative anodes of variable high voltage supplies (3113) are connected to correspondingly;The quartz socket tube (312) and outer barrel (313) it is sheathed on successively from inside to outside on electrodeless ultraviolet lamp (311), the both ends outer cover of the quartz socket tube (312) is equipped with pipe Plate (314), the outer barrel (313) are fixed on quartz socket tube (312) by tube sheet (314), and a tube sheet (314) is equipped with Reaction gas inlet (3141), the top gaseous phase outlet of reaction gas inlet (3141) the pipeline connection wet oxidation reaction tower (2), The top gaseous phase exit of the wet oxidation reaction tower (2) is equipped with demister (21), the gas of the wet oxidation reaction tower (2) Phase import is located at bottom of towe;Another tube sheet (314) is equipped with reaction gas outlet (3142), and the reaction gas exports (3142) pipeline Connect wind turbine (4) import;Catalytic reaction is formed between the outer barrel (313), two tube sheets (314) and quartz socket tube (312) Chamber (315);Polytetrafluoroethylstephanoporate stephanoporate ring (316), the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp are fixed with inside the both ends of the quartz socket tube (312) (311) both ends are arranged in two polytetrafluoroethylstephanoporate stephanoporate rings (316) correspondingly;The quartz socket tube (312), two Nitrogen chamber (317) is formed between polytetrafluoroethylstephanoporate stephanoporate ring (316) and electrodeless ultraviolet lamp (311);The quartz socket tube (312) One end is nitrogen inlet, and the other end of the quartz socket tube (312) is nitrogen outlet, the nitrogen inlet and nitrogen outlet difference Nitrogen chamber (317) is connected by the through hole on respective polytetrafluoroethylstephanoporate stephanoporate ring (316);The outer barrel (313) is rectangle Cylinder, multiple catalyst glass slides (318) are uniformly fixed with each inner wall of the outer barrel (313), and the catalyst carries Uniformly catalyst is coated with slide (318).
- 2. a kind of cleaning system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that:Quartz socket tube (312) outer surface is uniformly coated with catalyst.
- 3. a kind of cleaning system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that:The catalyst is pure TiO2, molecular sieve, activated alumina or or doping nonmetalloid TiO2。
- 4. a kind of cleaning system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that:Air deflector (11) is equipped with the exhaust gas inlet of the particulate filter (1), the air deflector (11) is arranged concentrically There are multiple retainer rings (111), arrange by multiple circumference uniform distributions and radially between two retainer rings (111) of arbitrary neighborhood Wing plate (112) is separated into multiple sector channels (113).
- A kind of 5. purification system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases according to claim 1,2 or 4 System, it is characterised in that:On from the import of particulate filter (1) toward export direction, the filtering of the particulate filter (1) is led to It is disposed with first order filtering material (12), second level filtering material (13) and third level filtering material (14) in road, first Level filtering material (12) is the filter plate that polylith is arranged in parallel, and gap, every piece of mistake are equipped between two filter plates of arbitrary neighborhood Filter hole is evenly equipped with filter plate;On from the import of particulate filter (1) toward export direction, the hole of the filter hole of the filter plate Footpath is successively decreased, and the density of the filter hole of the filter plate is incremented by;Second level filtering material (13) is mineral wool, and third level material is more Open the filter paper being stacked.
- 6. a kind of cleaning system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that:The pH adjusting agent inlet pipeline of the wet oxidation reaction tower (2) is connected to pH adjusting agent storage tank (6), described wet The oxidant inlet pipeline of method oxidation reaction tower (2) is connected to oxidant storage tank (7), wet oxidation reaction tower (2) connection There is running water inlet pipe (8);Demister (21) and multiple fillers are installed successively from the bottom up in the wet oxidation reaction tower (2) Layer (22), each packing layer (22) top are both provided with flusher (23), and the import of each flusher (23) is connected by pipeline Circulating pump (9) is passed to, the inlet pipeline of the circulating pump (9) is connected to the bottom of towe of wet oxidation reaction tower (2), and wet oxidation is anti- The bottom of towe of tower (2) is answered to be communicated with wastewater outlet pipe (10), the gas phase import of the wet oxidation reaction tower (2) is located at filling out for lower end The lower section of the bed of material (22);Oxidant in the oxidant storage tank (7) is NaClO.
- 7. a kind of cleaning system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases according to claim 6, its It is characterized in that:The pH adjusting agent storage tank (6) is sulfuric acid storage tank or sodium hydroxide storage tank.
- 8. a kind of cleaning system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases according to claim 6 or 7, It is characterized in that:Manhole is offered on the top of each layer of packing layer (22), the side wall of the wet oxidation reaction tower (2) (25);The bottom of towe of the wet oxidation reaction tower (2) is raised to side and is communicated with spray liquid collecting box (26), the spray liquid The case top of collecting box (26) is equipped with the interior blender (27) and pH meter (28) for extending bottom, the running water inlet pipe (8), pH tune Section agent storage tank (6) and oxidant storage tank (7) are connected to the case top of spray liquid collecting box (26), the import of the circulating pump (9) Pipeline is communicated in the bottom of spray liquid collecting box (26), the pipeline between the circulating pump (9) and the import of flusher (23) In be equipped with flowmeter (29).
- 9. a kind of cleaning system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that:The photo catalysis reactor (31) completely or partially replaces with light-catalyzed reaction case (32), the light-catalyzed reaction Case (32) includes babinet (321), parallel in the babinet (321) to be inserted with more UV lamp pipes (322), the babinet (321) The top gas phase outlet of one end inlet communication wet oxidation reaction tower (2), the other end outlet wind turbine of the babinet (321) (4) import;The UV lamp pipe (322) is the UV mercury vapor lamps of 185nm-365nm.
- 10. a kind of cleaning system for microparticle and the mixture of volatile organic gases according to claim 6, its It is characterized in that:Oxidant NaClO solution in the oxidant storage tank (7) replaces with H2O2Or Fe/H2O2Solution, the wet method The tower top of oxidation reaction tower (2) is internally provided with row's photodissociation ultraviolet lamp (24), and the photodissociation ultraviolet lamp (24) is located at demister (21) lower section.
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| CN113198290A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-03 | 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心 | Device and method for purifying organic waste gas in space environment |
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| CN115193177A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-18 | 臧如贵 | Detachable water-gas-oil separation filter |
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Application publication date: 20180420 |