CN107911114A - A kind of broadband phase-looked loop of constant loop bandwidth - Google Patents

A kind of broadband phase-looked loop of constant loop bandwidth Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107911114A
CN107911114A CN201711126350.2A CN201711126350A CN107911114A CN 107911114 A CN107911114 A CN 107911114A CN 201711126350 A CN201711126350 A CN 201711126350A CN 107911114 A CN107911114 A CN 107911114A
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China
Prior art keywords
loop
controlled oscillator
voltage controlled
frequency
switch
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CN107911114B (en
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张吉利
李宇
杨家琪
闫旭
林福江
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03LAUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/16Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/18Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop using a frequency divider or counter in the loop
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03LAUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/099Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the controlled oscillator of the loop
    • H03L7/0991Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the controlled oscillator of the loop the oscillator being a digital oscillator, e.g. composed of a fixed oscillator followed by a variable frequency divider
    • H03L7/0992Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the controlled oscillator of the loop the oscillator being a digital oscillator, e.g. composed of a fixed oscillator followed by a variable frequency divider comprising a counter or a frequency divider
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03LAUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/099Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the controlled oscillator of the loop
    • H03L7/0995Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the controlled oscillator of the loop the oscillator comprising a ring oscillator

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  • Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of broadband phase-looked loop of constant loop bandwidth, including charge pump phase lock loop (1) and digital auto-calibration circuits (2).Charge pump phase lock loop (1) includes phase frequency detector (3), programmable charge pump (4), loop filter (5), voltage controlled oscillator (6), feedback divider (7), first switch (8) and second switch (9).Digital auto-calibration circuits (2) include frequency detector (10), timing control unit (11), PLL loop bandwidth calibration circuit (12), pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration circuit (13) and voltage controlled oscillator control voltage generation circuit (14).By the present invention in that it can quickly measure the frequency of voltage controlled oscillator and the frequency calibration for voltage controlled oscillator and the calibration of PLL loop bandwidth with the mode that leggy detects, digital auto-calibration circuits can effectively ensure stabilization of the phaselocked loop in wide frequency ranges inner ring road bandwidth, and effectively overcome the influence of the factors such as technique, voltage, temperature.

Description

A kind of broadband phase-looked loop of constant loop bandwidth
Technical field
The present invention relates to PHASE-LOCKED LOOP PLL TECHNIQUE field, and in particular to a kind of broadband phase-looked loop of constant loop bandwidth.
Background technology
PHASE-LOCKED LOOP PLL TECHNIQUE is widely used in integrated circuits as the clock source or transceiver system in digital circuit In local oscillation signal.For different applications, such as microprocessor, data converter, chip interface, phase-locked loop circuit is proposed Different requirements, such as working frequency.It is clearly time-consuming consumption wealth to design each phaselocked loop for different applied customizations, because The phase-locked loop circuit in this design broadband is necessary.
The mode that when voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) designs coarse adjustment and fine tuning would generally be used to combine realizes broadband output, As shown in Figure 1, relatively low VCO gain is obtained at the same time to reduce its susceptibility to noise.One traditional charge pump phase lock loop As shown in Fig. 2, its open-loop gain can be expressed as:
Wherein ICPIt is the gain of charge pump, LF (s) is the impedance of loop filter, KVCOIt is the gain of VCO, N is phaselocked loop Clock Multiplier Factor.The bandwidth and I of closed loopCP、KVCOIt is proportional with N, it is expressed as:
From formula (2) as can be seen that the Circuit Parameter's Influence in Design of PLL the size of loop bandwidth.For single For frequency, the loop bandwidth that can want by adjusting these gain of parameter ensures the performance such as system stability and shake. Then, the design comparison of wide reference frequency output phaselocked loop is difficult, is primarily due to the gain of VCO with working frequency, technique, The Parameters variation such as voltage and temperature.The change of loop bandwidth directly affects the performance of phaselocked loop, such as locking time, phase noise Deng.
The present invention proposes a kind of broadband phase-looked loop of constant loop bandwidth.Frequency detector measures the working frequency of VCO, For pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration and PLL loop bandwidth calibration.Circuit and knot are calibrated by using pressuring controlling oscillator frequency The voltage controlled oscillator of coarse adjustment and fine tuning mode is closed, phaselocked loop can shake while wide reference frequency output is obtained by voltage-controlled The input tuning voltage for swinging device is limited to certain scope, reduces change in gain of the voltage controlled oscillator on single tuning curve. The gain size of the tuning curve of PLL loop bandwidth calibration circuit On-wafer measurements voltage controlled oscillator work, and accordingly adjustment can The output circuit size of programmed charges pump, ensures that PLL loop bandwidth is constant.
The content of the invention
In order to solve in wide output area charge pump phase lock loop, due to working frequency, technique, voltage and temperature (PVT) Loop bandwidth caused by influence changes, and the present invention provides a kind of broadband phase-looked loop of constant loop bandwidth.It has calibration electricity Route digital circuit, calibration speed is fast, calibration accuracy is high, anti-PVT influence the features such as.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of broadband phase-looked loop of constant loop bandwidth, including charge pump phase lock loop With digital auto-calibration circuits;Charge pump phase lock loop is responsible for producing frequency output signal;Digital auto-calibration circuits are responsible for The loop bandwidth of charge pump phase lock loop is calibrated, ensures that it can be worked normally in wide frequency ranges.Charge pump phase lock loop is by reflecting Frequency phase discriminator, programmable charge pump, loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator, feedback divider, first switch and second switch.Its In, first switch is responsible for realizing open loop and the closed loop states of cycle of phase-locked loop, and together decides on voltage controlled oscillator with second switch Control the source of voltage;First switch and second switch working status are on the contrary, second switch disconnects when i.e. first switch closes, instead It is as the same;Voltage controlled oscillator produces more tuning curve coverage goal frequency bands by the way of coarse adjustment and fine tuning are combined, and With less gain.Digital auto-calibration circuits include frequency detector, timing control unit, PLL loop bandwidth school Quasi- circuit, pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration circuit and voltage controlled oscillator control voltage generation circuit.Frequency detector passes through to pressure The counting of the edge change of the multipath output signals and its reverse signal of oscillator is controlled, measures the frequency values N of voltage controlled oscillatorcnt。 Pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration circuit utilizes the output N of frequency detectorcntSelect the working band of voltage controlled oscillator.By making Obtained with pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration circuit with the voltage controlled oscillator for combining coarse adjustment and fine tuning mode, charge pump phase lock loop While wide reference frequency output, the input tuning voltage of voltage controlled oscillator can be limited to certain scope, reduced voltage-controlled Change in gain of the oscillator on single tuning curve.After pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration circuit work is completed, phaselocked loop Loop bandwidth calibration circuit utilizes the output N of frequency detectorcntThe gain of the tuning curve of On-wafer measurements voltage controlled oscillator work Size, and the output circuit size of programmable charge pump is accordingly adjusted, ensure charge pump phase lock loop in wide operating frequency range Loop bandwidth is constant.Timing control unit produces frequency detector, cycle of phase-locked loop calibration, voltage controlled oscillator calibration circuit, the Sequential needed for one switch and second switch.Voltage controlled oscillator control voltage generation circuit is produced to be calibrated in pressuring controlling oscillator frequency The required voltage VDD/2 and required voltage V in PLL loop bandwidth calibration circuit work in circuit workHAnd VL.Complete In the digital auto-calibration circuit course of work, first switch disconnects, and second switch closure, charge pump phase lock loop is in open loop at this time The control voltage that voltage controlled oscillator control voltage generation circuit produces is connected to the voltage of voltage controlled oscillator by state, second switch Control terminal.After digital auto-calibration circuits complete calibration, first switch closure, second switch disconnects, at this time charge pump Phaselocked loop is in closed loop states, and the control voltage that loop filter produces is connected to the voltage control of voltage controlled oscillator by first switch End processed.
The principle of the present invention is:
Before phaselocked loop Closed loop operation, second switch connects the voltage that voltage controlled oscillator control voltage generation circuit produces To the control voltage end of voltage controlled oscillator.The multipath output signals and its reverse signal of frequency detector detection voltage controlled oscillator Edge changes, its work schedule is as shown in Figure 3.With frequency detecting time kTREFExemplified by, frequency detector detects total Edge, which becomes, turns to Ncnt.In other words, the frequency detecting time is equal to NcntThe delay T of voltage controlled oscillator elementary cell againunit.Can To be expressed as:
(Ncnt-1)·Tunit< kTREF≤Ncnt·Tunit (4)
Or
Ncnt·Tunit≤k·TREF< (Ncnt+1)·Tunit (5)
Wherein TREFIt is the cycle of reference clock.The sign of inequality in formula (4) (5) is by reference signal and VCO output signals Therebetween caused by the irrelevance of start edge.The VCO frequency detected can be expressed as:
Or
Wherein fVCO=1/ (2MTunit)。
The frequency values that pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration circuit in digital calibration circuit is obtained using frequency detector are looked into The alignment frequency sub-band nearest from target frequency is the working band of voltage controlled oscillator.Work having selected voltage controlled oscillator Optimal sub-band after, voltage controlled oscillator control voltage generation circuit produces voltage VHAnd VL, respectively in both control voltages Lower frequency detection circuit obtains the working frequency f of voltage controlled oscillatorHAnd fL.PLL loop bandwidth in digital calibration circuit Calibrate the gain of circuit counting voltage controlled oscillator:
After accurate voltage controlled oscillator gain is obtained, PLL loop bandwidth calibration circuit readjusts programmable electricity The gain of lotus pump, to compensate due to the change of loop bandwidth caused by voltage controlled oscillator change in gain and frequency dividing ratio change, that is, is adjusted Whole ICPEnsure that formula (1), the value of (2) do not change.
The present invention compared with prior art the advantages of and good effect be:
1st, the present invention ensure that the loop bandwidth of phaselocked loop is kept not while broadband output area phaselocked loop is realized Become;
2nd, the frequency detection circuit that the present invention uses can quickly measure the working frequency of voltage controlled oscillator, can be adapted for Inductance capacitance type voltage controlled oscillator and ring oscillator;
3rd, digital auto-calibration circuits of the invention have the characteristics that calibration accuracy is high, error is small;
4th, phaselocked loop of the invention can provide high performance output signal, and on whole working frequency inner retaining ring road Stablize.
Brief description of the drawings
The tuning curve schematic diagram for the voltage controlled oscillator that Fig. 1 is realized using the mode that coarse adjustment and fine tuning combine and its gain;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of basic phase-locked loop frequency integrator;
Fig. 3 is frequency detector working timing figure proposed by the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the broadband phase-looked loop structure diagram of constant loop bandwidth proposed by the present invention.
Reference numeral implication is in figure:1 is charge pump phase lock loop, and 2 be digital auto-calibration circuits, and 3 be frequency and phase discrimination Device, 4 be programmable charge pump, and 5 be loop filter, and 6 be voltage controlled oscillator, and 7 be feedback divider, and 8 be first switch, and 9 are Second switch, 10 be frequency detector, and 11 be timing control unit, and 12 calibrate circuit for PLL loop bandwidth, and 13 be voltage-controlled Oscillator frequency calibrates circuit, and 14 control voltage generation circuit for voltage controlled oscillator.
Embodiment
Detailed description of the present invention embodiment referring to the drawings.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of broadband phase-looked loop of constant loop bandwidth, including charge pump phase lock loop 1 and digital automatic Circuit 2 is calibrated, charge pump phase lock loop 1 is responsible for producing frequency output signal;Digital auto-calibration circuits 2 are responsible for calibration charge pump The loop bandwidth of phaselocked loop 1, ensures that it can be worked normally in wide frequency ranges.Charge pump phase lock loop 1 includes frequency and phase discrimination Device 3, programmable charge pump 4, loop filter 5, voltage controlled oscillator 6, feedback divider 7, first switch 8 and second switch 9, it is real Existing rate-adaptive pacemaker.Wherein, first switch 8 is responsible for realizing open loop and the closed loop states of cycle of phase-locked loop, and common with second switch 9 Determine that voltage controlled oscillator 6 controls the source of voltage;First switch 8 and 9 working status of second switch are on the contrary, i.e. first switch 8 is closed Second switch 9 disconnects during conjunction, and vice versa;Voltage controlled oscillator produces more tunings by the way of coarse adjustment and fine tuning are combined Curve coverage goal frequency band, and there is less gain.Digital auto-calibration circuits 2 include frequency detector 10, sequential Control unit 11, PLL loop bandwidth calibration circuit 12, pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration circuit 13 and voltage controlled oscillator control Voltage generation circuit 14.Frequency detector 10 is become by the edge of the multipath output signals to voltage controlled oscillator and its reverse signal The counting of change, the frequency values N for the voltage controlled oscillator 6 that measurement output detectscnt.Pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration circuit 13 utilizes The output N of frequency detector 10cntSelect the working band of voltage controlled oscillator 6.Circuit is calibrated by using pressuring controlling oscillator frequency 13 and the voltage controlled oscillator 6 of coarse adjustment and fine tuning mode is combined, charge pump phase lock loop 1 is obtaining the same of wide reference frequency output When, the input tuning voltage of voltage controlled oscillator can be limited to certain scope, it is bent in single tuning to reduce voltage controlled oscillator Change in gain on line.After the pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration work of circuit 13 is completed, PLL loop bandwidth calibration circuit 12 utilize the output N of frequency detector 10cntThe gain size of the tuning curve of On-wafer measurements voltage controlled oscillator work, and accordingly The output circuit size of programmable charge pump is adjusted, ensures that charge pump phase lock loop 1 is permanent in wide operating frequency range inner ring road bandwidth It is fixed.Timing control unit 11 produces frequency detector 10, cycle of phase-locked loop calibration 12, voltage controlled oscillator calibration circuit 13, first Sequential needed for switch 8 and second switch 9.Voltage controlled oscillator control voltage generation circuit 14 is produced in pressuring controlling oscillator frequency school The required voltage VDD/2 and required voltage V in PLL loop bandwidth calibration circuit 12 works during quasi- circuit 13 worksHWith VL.In digital 2 course of work of auto-calibration circuits, first switch 8 disconnects, and second switch 9 closes, at this time charge pump lock phase Ring 1 is in open loop situations, and the control voltage that voltage controlled oscillator control voltage generation circuit 14 produces is connected to pressure by second switch 9 Control the voltage controling end of oscillator 6.After digital auto-calibration circuits 2 complete calibration, first switch 8 closes, and second opens Close 9 to disconnect, charge pump phase lock loop 1 is in closed loop states at this time, and the control voltage that first switch 8 produces loop filter 5 connects It is connected to the voltage controling end of voltage controlled oscillator 6.
Fig. 4 is an example of specific implementation circuit proposed by the present invention, and charge pump phase lock loop is responsible for producing rate-adaptive pacemaker Signal;Digital auto-calibration circuits are responsible for calibrating the loop bandwidth of charge pump phase lock loop, ensure it in wide frequency ranges all Can normal work.
What the present invention was not disclosed in detail partly belongs to techniques known.
Although the illustrative embodiment of the present invention is described above, in order to the technology of the art Personnel understand the present invention, it should be apparent that the invention is not restricted to the scope of embodiment, to the common skill of the art For art personnel, if various change appended claim limit and definite the spirit and scope of the present invention in, these Change is it will be apparent that all utilize the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the row of protection.

Claims (1)

  1. A kind of 1. broadband phase-looked loop of constant loop bandwidth, it is characterised in that:Including charge pump phase lock loop (1) and digital automatic Calibrate circuit (2);Charge pump phase lock loop (1) is used to produce frequency output signal;Digital auto-calibration circuits (2) are responsible for calibration The loop bandwidth of charge pump phase lock loop (1), ensures that it can be worked normally in wide reference frequency output;Charge pump phase lock loop (1) phase frequency detector (3), programmable charge pump (4), loop filter (5), voltage controlled oscillator (6), feedback divider are included (7), first switch (8) and second switch (9), wherein, first switch (8) is responsible for realizing the open loop of cycle of phase-locked loop and loop-like State, and with second switch (9) together decide on voltage controlled oscillator (6) control voltage source;First switch (8) and second switch (9) working status is on the contrary, second switch (9) disconnects when i.e. first switch (8) closes, and vice versa;Voltage controlled oscillator is using thick The mode that reconciliation fine tuning is combined, produces more tuning curve coverage goal frequency bands, and have less gain;It is digital from Dynamic calibration circuit (2) include frequency detector (10), timing control unit (11), PLL loop bandwidth calibration circuit (12), Pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration circuit (13) and voltage controlled oscillator control voltage generation circuit (14), frequency detector (10) pass through The counting of the edge change of multipath output signals and its reverse signal to voltage controlled oscillator, the frequency of measurement voltage controlled oscillator (6) Rate value Ncnt, pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration circuit (13) utilize frequency detector (10) output NcntSelect voltage controlled oscillator (6) working band, by using pressuring controlling oscillator frequency calibration circuit (13) and combines the voltage-controlled of coarse adjustment and fine tuning mode Oscillator (6), charge pump phase lock loop (1), can be by the input tune of voltage controlled oscillator while wide reference frequency output is obtained Humorous limiting voltage is in certain scope, change in gain of the reduction voltage controlled oscillator on single tuning curve, in voltage controlled oscillator After frequency calibration circuit (12) work is completed, PLL loop bandwidth calibration circuit (12) is defeated using frequency detector (10) Go out NcntThe gain size of the tuning curve of On-wafer measurements voltage controlled oscillator work, and accordingly adjust the output of programmable charge pump Circuit size, ensures that charge pump phase lock loop (1) is constant in wide operating frequency range inner ring road bandwidth, timing control unit (11) production Raw frequency detector (10), cycle of phase-locked loop calibration (12), voltage controlled oscillator calibration circuit (13), first switch (8) and second The sequential needed for (9) is switched, voltage controlled oscillator control voltage generation circuit (14) is produced calibrates circuit in pressuring controlling oscillator frequency (12) the required voltage VDD/2 and required voltage V in PLL loop bandwidth calibration circuit (12) work in workingHAnd VL, In digital auto-calibration circuits (2) course of work, first switch (8) disconnects, second switch (9) closure, at this time charge pump Phaselocked loop (1) is in open loop situations, the control electricity that second switch (9) produces voltage controlled oscillator control voltage generation circuit (14) Pressure is connected to the voltage controling end of voltage controlled oscillator (6), and after digital auto-calibration circuits (2) complete calibration, first opens (8) closure is closed, second switch (9) disconnects, and charge pump phase lock loop (1) is in closed loop states at this time, and first switch (8) filters loop The control voltage that ripple device (5) produces is connected to the voltage controling end of voltage controlled oscillator (6).
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CN110798207A (en) * 2019-09-29 2020-02-14 浙江大学 Phase-locked loop bandwidth expanding circuit
CN113225071A (en) * 2021-07-07 2021-08-06 成都爱旗科技有限公司 Phase calibration method, phase-locked loop circuit and electronic equipment
CN113644912A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-11-12 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 Phase-locked loop circuit and control method thereof
CN114401001A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-26 北京力通通信有限公司 Phase-locked loop rapid phase locking method
CN114531152A (en) * 2022-01-04 2022-05-24 珠海横琴精韵科技有限公司 Phase-locked loop

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110798207A (en) * 2019-09-29 2020-02-14 浙江大学 Phase-locked loop bandwidth expanding circuit
CN113225071A (en) * 2021-07-07 2021-08-06 成都爱旗科技有限公司 Phase calibration method, phase-locked loop circuit and electronic equipment
CN113644912A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-11-12 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 Phase-locked loop circuit and control method thereof
CN113644912B (en) * 2021-07-27 2024-04-16 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 Phase-locked loop circuit and control method thereof
CN114401001A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-26 北京力通通信有限公司 Phase-locked loop rapid phase locking method
CN114531152A (en) * 2022-01-04 2022-05-24 珠海横琴精韵科技有限公司 Phase-locked loop
CN114531152B (en) * 2022-01-04 2023-11-07 珠海横琴精韵科技有限公司 phase locked loop

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Patentee before: University of Science and Technology of China

CP02 Change in the address of a patent holder