CN107910849A - Overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit - Google Patents

Overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107910849A
CN107910849A CN201711315409.2A CN201711315409A CN107910849A CN 107910849 A CN107910849 A CN 107910849A CN 201711315409 A CN201711315409 A CN 201711315409A CN 107910849 A CN107910849 A CN 107910849A
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China
Prior art keywords
power
resistance
switch
protection circuit
connection
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Granted
Application number
CN201711315409.2A
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CN107910849B (en
Inventor
蒋建兵
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Shenzhen Phoenix Communication Technology Ltd By Share Ltd
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Shenzhen Phoenix Communication Technology Ltd By Share Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H11/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
    • H02H11/002Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection
    • H02H11/003Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection using a field effect transistor as protecting element in one of the supply lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/24Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit, including first switch, reverse-connection protection circuit, second switch, overvoltage crowbar and power down is counter fills protection circuit;The reverse-connection protection circuit is used for the on or off for controlling the first switch, when preventing input power error-polarity connection, circuit output reversed polarity power supply;Control terminal of the overvoltage crowbar respectively with input power and the second switch is connected, and the overvoltage crowbar prevents the input power when being high pressure, circuit output high voltage power supply;The power down is anti-when filling protection circuit and preventing the input power power down, and the power supply of circuit output end is instead filled to input terminal.So that when electronic product accesses power supply.It is positive and negative to misplug without causing to damage to electronic product.In addition, will not or power down excessive because of input voltage and electronic product is damaged, can preferably by electronic product using process damageability reduce.

Description

Overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of power supplies, more particularly to a kind of overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit.
Background technology
Electronic product may be linked into high voltage power supply due to the reversal connection of power supply or by electronic product in use, and So that electronic product is burnt out;Or since power down damages electronic product.In veneer application, direct veneer is connected to external electricity In source, if protected without detection accordingly, it is likely that the spoilage of electronic product can be increased because of artificial access mistake.
In the prior art, the detection for realizing circuit by using corresponding integration module controls, or is adopted by Chip Microcomputer A/D Detection protection is realized in sample control, and the method circuit structure is complicated, and each integration module function is single, realizes a variety of protections More of high cost, power consumption is big, and response is not in time.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this reason, the present invention One purpose is to propose a kind of overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit.
To achieve the above object, overvoltage according to embodiments of the present invention, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit, it is described over-pressed, anti- Connect and power-down protection circuit includes:
First switch, the input terminal of the first switch and the reference ground of input power connect;
Reverse-connection protection circuit, the reverse-connection protection circuit respectively with input power, reference ground and the first switch Control terminal connects, and the reverse-connection protection circuit is used for the on or off for controlling the first switch, prevents input power pole During property reversal connection, circuit output reversed polarity power supply;
Second switch, the input terminal of the second switch are connected with the output terminal of the first switch;
Overvoltage crowbar, the overvoltage crowbar respectively with input power, reference ground and the second switch Control terminal connects, and the overvoltage crowbar prevents the input power when being high pressure, circuit output high voltage power supply;
Power down is counter to fill protection circuit, the power down is counter fill protection circuit respectively with input power, reference ground and described the The control terminals connection of two switches, the power down is anti-when filling protection circuit and preventing the input power power down, the electricity of circuit output end Source is instead filled to input terminal.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the reverse-connection protection circuit includes resistance R2, resistance R8 and diode D7;
One end of the resistance R2 is connected with the input power, the other end of the resistance R2 and the one of the resistance R8 End connection, the other end of the resistance R8 is connected with the control terminal of the first switch, the cathode of the diode D7 with it is described Described one end connection of resistance R8, the anode of the diode D7 are connected with reference ground.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the overvoltage crowbar includes:
Over-voltage detection circuit, the over-voltage detection circuit are used for when the level of the input power is high pressure, and output is closed Disconnected control level, ends the second switch;
Turning circuit, when the level that the turning circuit is used for the input power is normal, exports conduction level, makes institute State second switch conducting.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the over-voltage detection circuit includes:
Diode D1, resistance R10, resistance R9 and triode Q5;
The cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the input power, the anode of the diode D1 and the resistance R10 One end connection, the resistance R10 other ends are connected with the base stage of the triode Q5, the emitter and ginseng of the triode Q5 Connect with examining, the collector of the triode Q5 is connected with the control terminal of the second switch.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the diode D1 is zener diode.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the turning circuit includes:Resistance R3, resistance R4 and diode D5;
One end of the resistance R3 is connected with the input power, the other end of the resistance R3 and the one of the resistance R4 End connection, the other end of the resistance R4 is connected with the control terminal of the second switch, the cathode of the diode D5 with it is described Described one end connection of resistance R3, the anode of the diode D5 are connected with reference ground.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the anti-protection circuit that fills of the power down includes diode D21, resistance R1 and resistance R5;
The anode of the diode D21 is connected with the control terminal of the second switch, the cathode of the diode D21 and institute One end connection of resistance R1 is stated, the other end of the resistance R1 is connected with the input power, one end of the resistance R5 and institute The cathode connection of diode D21 is stated, the other end of the resistance R5 is connected with reference ground.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the first switch and second switch are respectively N-MOS transistors.
Overvoltage, reversal connection and the power-down protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, overvoltage, reversal connection and the power down protection Circuit controls the on or off of the first switch by reverse-connection protection circuit, when preventing input power error-polarity connection, electricity Road exports reversed polarity power supply, so as to strengthen the reliability to out-put supply, when preventing input power error-polarity connection, exports reversely electricity Back-end circuit is damaged in source;When by overvoltage crowbar, to prevent the input power be high pressure, circuit output high voltage power supply, prevents When only input power is high-voltage electricity, output high voltage power supply damages back-end circuit;Prevented by the anti-protection circuit that fills of the power down During the input power power down, the power supply of circuit output end is anti-to be filled to input terminal, prevents rear end from depositing the anti-filling of energy power supply, by described in Overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit and front-end circuit damage.So that when electronic product accesses power supply.Positive and negative misplug and Electronic product will not be caused to damage.In addition, will not or power down excessive because of input voltage and electronic product is damaged, can be preferably Electronic product is reduced using the damageability of process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit structure diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of over-pressed, reversal connection provided in an embodiment of the present invention and power-down protection circuit;
Fig. 3 is the input terminal filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing knot of over-pressed, reversal connection provided in an embodiment of the present invention and power-down protection circuit Structure schematic diagram.
Reference numeral:
First switch 10;
Reverse-connection protection circuit 20;
Overvoltage crowbar 30;
Power down is counter to fill protection circuit 40;
Second switch 50.
The embodiments will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings for the realization, the function and the advantages of the object of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention program, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention Attached drawing, is clearly and completely described the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention.Unless otherwise defined, it is used herein All technical and scientific terms are identical with the normally understood implication of those skilled in the art for belonging to the present invention.Herein Used term is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment in the description of the invention, it is not intended that in limitation originally Invention.
Referenced herein " embodiment " is it is meant that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described can wrap in conjunction with the embodiments Containing at least one embodiment of the present invention.Each position in the description occur the phrase might not each mean it is identical Embodiment, nor the independent or alternative embodiment with other embodiments mutual exclusion.Those skilled in the art explicitly and Implicitly understand, embodiment described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
Refering to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit structure diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including:First switch 10, reverse connecting protection electricity Road 20, second switch 50, overvoltage crowbar 30 and counter fill of power down protect circuit 40;The input terminal of the first switch 10 with it is defeated Enter the reference ground connection of power supply;The reverse-connection protection circuit 20 respectively with input power and the control terminal of the first switch 10 Connection, the reverse-connection protection circuit 20 are used for the on or off for controlling the first switch 10, prevent input power polarity During reversal connection, circuit output reversed polarity power supply;The input terminal of the second switch 50 is connected with the output terminal of the first switch 10; Control terminal of the overvoltage crowbar 30 respectively with input power and the second switch 50 is connected, the overvoltage protection electricity Road 30 prevents the input power when being high pressure, circuit output high voltage power supply;The power down is counter fill protection circuit 40 respectively with it is defeated Enter the control terminal connection of power supply, reference ground and the second switch 50, the power down is counter fill protection circuit 40 prevent it is described defeated When entering power supply power-fail, the power supply of circuit output end is instead filled to input terminal.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the first switch 10 and second switch 50 are respectively N-MOS Transistor.
Specifically, with continued reference to Fig. 1, since the reverse-connection protection circuit 20 is connected with input power, when the input electricity During source polarity reversal connection, the reverse-connection protection circuit 20 exports reversed polarity level, and the reversed polarity level is applied to described first and opens Close in 10 control terminal, since the first switch 10 is positive level conducting switch.At this time, the first switch 10 is in cut-off State, reversal connection power supply do not export.
It is described when the input power is high-voltage electricity due to being connected with input power for the overvoltage crowbar 30 Overvoltage crowbar 30 exports low level, and the low level is applied in the control terminal of the second switch 50, due to described the Two switches 50 are positive level conducting switch.At this time, the second switch 50 is in cut-off state.High voltage power supply does not export.
Protection circuit 40 is filled since the power down is counter to be connected with input power, reference ground, when the input power power down, 50 control terminal of second switch fills protection 40 repid discharge of circuit by the way that the power down is counter so that the second switch 50 is quick Cut-off, prevents output current is counter from filling.
Overvoltage, reversal connection and the power-down protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention control institute by reverse-connection protection circuit 20 The on or off of first switch 10 is stated, when preventing input power error-polarity connection, circuit output reversed polarity power supply, so as to strengthen To the reliability of out-put supply, when preventing input power error-polarity connection, output reverse electrical source damages back-end circuit;Pass through overvoltage Protection circuit 30 is when to prevent the input power be high pressure, circuit output high voltage power supply, defeated when to prevent input power be high-voltage electricity Go out high voltage power supply to damage back-end circuit;By the power down it is counter fill protection circuit 40 prevent the input power power down when, electricity The power supply of road output terminal is instead filled to input terminal, prevents rear end from depositing preventing for energy power supply, by automatic anti-overvoltage, reversal connection and the power down It is anti-to fill protection circuit 40 and front-end circuit damage.So that when electronic product accesses power supply.It is positive and negative to misplug without to electricity Sub- product causes to damage.In addition, will not or power down excessive because of input voltage and electronic product is damaged, preferably electronics can be produced Product are reduced using the damageability of process.
Refering to Fig. 2;Fig. 2 is overvoltage, reversal connection and the circuit structure signal of power-down protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the reverse-connection protection circuit 20 include resistance R2, resistance R8 and Diode D7;One end of the resistance R2 is connected with the input power, and the other end of the resistance R2 is with the resistance R8's One end connects, and the other end of the resistance R8 is connected with the control terminal of the first switch 10, the cathode of the diode D7 and Described one end connection of the resistance R8, the anode of the diode D7 are connected with reference ground.
Specifically, with continued reference to Fig. 2, input power positive-negative connected is staggered the time, input power by resistance R2 and diode D7, and The control terminal of the first switch is connected to by resistance R8.In an embodiment of the invention, the first switch is N-MOS Transistor.At this time, since the control terminal of the first switch is non-positive level, the first switch is in cut-off state, antipole Property power supply does not export.When input power is normally accesses, input power passes through resistance by resistance R2 and diode D7 R8 is connected to the control terminal of the first switch.In an embodiment of the invention, the first switch is N-MOS transistors. At this time, since the control terminal of the first switch is positive level, the turn-on condition of the first switch, the first switch are met It is in the conduction state, so that bio-occlusion subsequent conditioning circuit out-put supply.
In the present embodiment, reverse-connection protection circuit 20 is realized by resistance R2, resistance R8 and diode D7, circuit realizes letter It is single, reliably;The first switch is ended or conducting automatically according to input power output control level, reaction in time and cost compared with It is low.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the overvoltage crowbar 30 includes:Over-voltage detection circuit and Turning circuit, the over-voltage detection circuit are used for when the level of the input power is high pressure, and output shut-off control level, makes The second switch 50 ends;When the level that the turning circuit is used for the input power is normal, conduction level is exported, is made The second switch 50 turns on.
The over-voltage detection circuit includes:Diode D1, resistance R10, resistance R9 and triode Q5;The diode D1's Cathode is connected with the input power, and the anode of the diode D1 is connected with one end of the resistance R10, the resistance R10 The other end is connected with the base stage of the triode Q5, and the emitter of the triode Q5 is connected with reference ground, the triode Q5 Collector be connected with the control terminal of the second switch 50.
In an embodiment of the invention, the triode Q5 is NPN type triode.The diode D1 is two pole of voltage stabilizing Pipe.
The turning circuit includes:Resistance R3, resistance R4 and diode D5;One end of the resistance R3 and the input electricity Source connects, and the other end of the resistance R3 is connected with one end of the resistance R4, the other end of the resistance R4 and described second The control terminal connection of switch 50, the cathode of the diode D5 are connected with described one end of the resistance R3, the diode D5 Anode be connected with reference ground.
Specifically, with continued reference to Fig. 2, automatic overvoltage is realized using diode D1, resistance R9, resistance R10 and triode Q5 Protection, when control source voltage is more than the diode D1 snow pressure-resistant numerical value of spring, the diode D1 conductings, so that described three Turned between pole pipe Q5 collectors and emitter.At this time, triode Q5 collectors export low voltage level to the second switch 50 Control terminal;In an embodiment of the invention, the first switch is N-MOS transistors.So as to so that the second switch 50 cut-offs, reach automatic overvoltage protection, and high voltage level does not export.When input power is normal voltage, diode D1 is in Cut-off state, is not turned between triode Q5 collectors and emitter, and the over-voltage detection circuit does not export.At this time, input Power supply continues to provide conduction level to the control terminal of the second switch 50 by resistance R3, resistance R4 and diode D5, described Second switch 50 is in the conduction state, when being inputted so as to fulfill normal voltage, continues as subsequent conditioning circuit power supply.
In the embodiment of the present invention, over-voltage detection circuit is realized by diode D1, resistance R10, resistance R9 and triode Q5, Whether automatic detection input power is over-pressed, and when input power is over-pressed, second switch 50 ends during output control level, prevents High voltage power supply goes out.Circuit structure is simple, and reliable, reaction is in time and cost is relatively low.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the power down it is counter fill protection circuit 40 include diode D21, Resistance R1 and resistance R5;The anode of the diode D21 is connected with the control terminal of the second switch 50, the diode D21 Cathode be connected with one end of the resistance R1, the other end of the resistance R1 is connected with the input power, the resistance R5 One end be connected with the cathode of the diode D21, the other end of the resistance R5 is connected with reference ground.
Specifically, with continued reference to Fig. 2, in one implementation of the present invention, since the second switch 50 is N-MOS type crystal Pipe Q3, when N-MOS transistor npn npns Q3 is turned on, the grid source electrode of N-MOS transistor npn npns Q3 conductings has deposit electric energy, when power supply is defeated After entering power down, the parasitic electric energy Vgs of N-MOS switching tubes Q3 is released rapidly by the diode D21 and resistance R5;So that The N-MOS switching tubes quick closedown, avoids destruction of the excessive residual voltage to front-end circuit in back-end circuit, realizes the fast of circuit Speed heat plugs.
Fig. 3 is the input terminal filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing knot of over-pressed, reversal connection provided in an embodiment of the present invention and power-down protection circuit Structure schematic diagram.
It these are only the embodiment of the present invention, the scope of the claims of the present invention be not intended to limit, although with reference to the foregoing embodiments The present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art comes, it still can be to foregoing each specific real Apply the technical solution described in mode to modify, or equivalence replacement is carried out to which part technical characteristic.It is every to utilize this The equivalent structure that description of the invention and accompanying drawing content are done, is directly or indirectly used in other related technical areas, similarly Within scope of patent protection of the present invention.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms is not Necessarily refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any One or more embodiments or example in combine in an appropriate manner.
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, those of ordinary skill in the art are not departing from the principle of the present invention and objective In the case of above-described embodiment can be changed within the scope of the invention, change, replace and modification.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit, it is characterised in that overvoltage, reversal connection and the power-down protection circuit include:
First switch, the input terminal of the first switch and the reference ground of input power connect;
Reverse-connection protection circuit, the reverse-connection protection circuit control with input power, reference ground and the first switch respectively End connection, the reverse-connection protection circuit are used for the on or off for controlling the first switch, prevent that input power polarity is anti- When connecing, circuit output reversed polarity power supply;
Second switch, the input terminal of the second switch are connected with the output terminal of the first switch;
Overvoltage crowbar, the overvoltage crowbar control with input power, reference ground and the second switch respectively End connection, the overvoltage crowbar prevents the input power when being high pressure, circuit output high voltage power supply;
Power down is counter to fill protection circuit, and the anti-protection circuit that fills of the power down is opened with input power, reference ground and described second respectively The control terminal connection of pass, the power down is anti-when filling protection circuit and preventing the input power power down, and the power supply of circuit output end is anti- Fill to input terminal.
2. overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the reverse-connection protection circuit Including resistance R2, resistance R8 and diode D7;
One end of the resistance R2 is connected with the input power, and the other end of the resistance R2 and one end of the resistance R8 connect Connect, the other end of the resistance R8 is connected with the control terminal of the first switch, cathode and the resistance of the diode D7 Described one end connection of R8, the anode of the diode D7 are connected with reference ground.
3. overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the overvoltage crowbar Including:
Over-voltage detection circuit, the over-voltage detection circuit are used for when the level of the input power is high pressure, output shut-off control Level processed, ends the second switch;
Turning circuit, the turning circuit be used for the level of the input power for it is normal when, export conduction level, make described the Two switch conductions.
4. overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the over-voltage detection circuit Including:
Diode D1, resistance R10, resistance R9 and triode Q5;
The cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the input power, the anode of the diode D1 and the one of the resistance R10 End connection, the resistance R10 other ends are connected with the base stage of the triode Q5, the emitter and reference ground of the triode Q5 Connection, the collector of the triode Q5 are connected with the control terminal of the second switch.
5. overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the diode D1 is steady Press diode.
6. overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the turning circuit includes: Resistance R3, resistance R4 and diode D5;
One end of the resistance R3 is connected with the input power, and the other end of the resistance R3 and one end of the resistance R4 connect Connect, the other end of the resistance R4 is connected with the control terminal of the second switch, cathode and the resistance of the diode D5 Described one end connection of R3, the anode of the diode D5 are connected with reference ground.
7. overvoltage, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the power down is counter to fill protection Circuit includes diode D21, resistance R1 and resistance R5;
The anode of the diode D21 is connected with the control terminal of the second switch, cathode and the electricity of the diode D21 One end connection of R1 is hindered, the other end of the resistance R1 is connected with the input power, one end of the resistance R5 and described two The cathode connection of pole pipe D21, the other end of the resistance R5 are connected with reference ground.
8. overvoltage according to claim 1, reversal connection and power-down protection circuit, it is characterised in that the first switch and the Two switches are respectively N-MOS transistors.
CN201711315409.2A 2017-12-12 2017-12-12 Overvoltage, reverse connection and power failure protection circuit Active CN107910849B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN110165740A (en) * 2019-06-03 2019-08-23 重庆斯微奇电子技术有限公司 A kind of battery protecting circuit and power supply unit
CN110165740B (en) * 2019-06-03 2020-08-25 重庆斯微奇电子技术有限公司 Battery protection circuit and power supply device

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