CN107903518A - 一种eps板材及其加工工艺 - Google Patents

一种eps板材及其加工工艺 Download PDF

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CN107903518A
CN107903518A CN201710980237.4A CN201710980237A CN107903518A CN 107903518 A CN107903518 A CN 107903518A CN 201710980237 A CN201710980237 A CN 201710980237A CN 107903518 A CN107903518 A CN 107903518A
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parts
sheet material
eps sheet
polystyrene
ceramic glaze
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汪锋
王龙珑
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Anhui Yong Feng protection Polytron Technologies Inc
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HEFEI LANGSHENG NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种EPS板材及其加工工艺，涉及高分子材料技术领域。本发明由以下原料制成：聚苯乙烯、木薯淀粉、环氧树脂、溶剂、陶瓷釉料、木质纤维粉、阻燃协效剂、改性海泡石、发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂，本发明EPS板材的保温性能好，隔音效果好，本发明EPS板材的加工工艺简单，原料中以聚苯乙烯为基体料，加入陶瓷釉料、木质纤维粉，相当于对聚苯乙烯泡沫板进行改性处理，使得聚苯乙烯泡沫板在具备已有的隔热保温功能的前提下，还能达到防火效果，降低了隔热保温材料成本，实现节能减排的目的。

Description

一种EPS板材及其加工工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域，具体涉及一种EPS板材及其加工工艺。
背景技术
聚苯乙烯泡沫(EPS)是指由苯乙烯单体经自由基加聚反应合成的聚合物，它是一种无色透明的热塑性塑料，具有高于100℃的玻璃转化温度。普通聚苯乙烯树脂属无定形高分子聚合物，聚苯乙烯大分子链的侧基为苯环，大体积侧基为苯环的无规排列决定了聚苯乙烯的物理化学性质，如透明度高、刚度大、玻璃化温度高、性脆等。可发性聚苯乙烯为在普通聚苯乙烯中浸渍低沸点的物理发泡剂制成，加工过程中受热发泡，专用于制作泡沫塑料产品，例如聚苯乙烯泡沫板材，其有微细闭孔的结构特点，主要用于建筑墙体、屋面保温，复合板保温，冷库、空调、车辆、船舶的保温隔热，地板采暖，装潢雕刻等。
现有技术中，聚苯乙烯泡沫板材的具有不错的抗拉强度、抗弯强度、尺寸稳定性、抗冲击性，但是其保温和隔音性能不是很好，不能适用于需要保温或者隔音的场合，限制了其应用范围。
发明内容
针对现有技术不足，本发明提供一种EPS板材及其加工工艺。
为实现以上目的，本发明的技术方案通过以下技术方案予以实现：
一种EPS板材，所述EPS板材由以下重量份的原料制成：聚苯乙烯70-95份、木薯淀粉10-20份、环氧树脂15-26份、溶剂10-25份、陶瓷釉料20-35份、木质纤维粉12-26份、阻燃协效剂2-8份、改性海泡石20-35份、发泡剂5-10份、泡沫稳定剂3-7份。
优选的，所述EPS板材由以下重量份的原料制成：聚苯乙烯75-90份、木薯淀粉13-17份、环氧树脂19-23份、溶剂15-21份、陶瓷釉料26-31份、木质纤维粉17-22份、阻燃协效剂3-6份、改性海泡石24-30份、发泡剂7-9份、泡沫稳定剂4-6份。
优选的，所述改性海泡石的改性过程为：将海泡石粉碎后制得海泡石粉，将海泡石粉、浓度为1-1.5mol/L的盐酸溶液一起加入60-70℃的恒温水浴中并搅拌3-6h，搅拌结束后过滤，用去离子水洗涤2-4次，置于100-110℃干燥箱中干燥1-2h后得到酸化海泡石；将偶联剂溶于乙醇溶液中混合均匀后制得质量分数为10-15％的偶联剂溶液，将酸化海泡石溶于偶联剂溶液中，磁力搅拌1.5-2.5h后，取出后置于80-90℃干燥箱干燥2-3h，得到改性海泡石。
优选的，所述陶瓷釉料为陶瓷釉料经过1280-1400℃下烧成的高温陶瓷釉料。
优选的，所述溶剂为甲苯、环己酮、四氢呋喃中的至少一种。
优选的，所述发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺、三氯氟甲烷、二氯二氟甲烷、环戊烷、异戊烷中的至少一种。
优选的，所述泡沫稳定剂为聚二甲基硅油、聚硅氧烷、硅油L-580、泡沫稳定剂L-5309、泡沫稳定剂L-5333中的一种。
优选的，所述阻燃协效剂选自硼酸锌、三氧化二锑、聚磷酸铵、季戊四醇、三聚氰胺、六溴十二烷、十溴二苯乙烷中的一种。
一种EPS板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照原料重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将聚苯乙烯、木薯淀粉、环氧树脂、溶剂、陶瓷釉料、木质纤维粉、改性海泡石、泡沫稳定剂依次加入开炼机中进行混炼，得到混炼料；
S3、将混炼料、发泡剂置于一阶平行双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融混炼并挤出成增强料；
S4、将步骤S3制备的增强料与阻燃协效剂置于二阶平行双螺杆挤出机进行熔融混炼挤出成预制料；
S5、将步骤S4制备的预制料冷却定型、干燥后进行裁切，即可。
优选的，所述一阶平行双螺杆挤出机和二阶平行双螺杆挤出机挤出压力均为15-20MPa，温度为190-270℃。
本发明提供一种EPS板材及其加工工艺，与现有技术相比优点在于：
本发明EPS板材的保温性能好，隔音效果好，本发明EPS板材的加工工艺简单，原料中以聚苯乙烯为基体料，加入陶瓷釉料、木质纤维粉，相当于对聚苯乙烯泡沫板进行改性处理，使得聚苯乙烯泡沫板在具备已有的隔热保温功能的前提下，还能达到防火效果，降低了隔热保温材料成本，实现节能减排的目的；
本发明EPS板材的原材料中，加入份海泡石是经过改性后的海泡石，海泡石是一种具有层链状结构黏土矿物，具有较大的比表面积和独特的大小不一的孔道，经过酸化以及偶联剂改性处理后，海泡石的表面呈现亲油性，而且层间距增大，聚苯乙烯插层进入海泡石中，形成了界面相容性较好的剥离型复合材料，当声波入射到复合材料时会引起海泡石中孔道的空气压缩，空气的粘滞性以及空气与孔道之间的导热作用可导致声能衰减，而且孔道可形成吸音通道，声音在长距离的孔道中传播时会越来越弱，从而有效提高板材的隔音性能。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
本实施例EPS板材由以下重量份的原料制成：聚苯乙烯70份、木薯淀粉10份、环氧树脂15份、甲苯10份、陶瓷釉料20份、木质纤维粉12份、硼酸锌2份、改性海泡石20份、偶氮二甲酰胺5份、聚二甲基硅油3份；
其中，改性海泡石的改性过程为：将海泡石粉碎后制得海泡石粉，将海泡石粉、浓度为1mol/L的盐酸溶液一起加入60℃的恒温水浴中并搅拌3h，搅拌结束后过滤，用去离子水洗涤2次，置于100℃干燥箱中干燥1h后得到酸化海泡石；将偶联剂溶于乙醇溶液中混合均匀后制得质量分数为10％的偶联剂溶液，将酸化海泡石溶于偶联剂溶液中，磁力搅拌1.5h后，取出后置于80℃干燥箱干燥2h，得到改性海泡石；陶瓷釉料为陶瓷釉料经过1280℃下烧成的高温陶瓷釉料；
本实施例EPS板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照原料重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将聚苯乙烯、木薯淀粉、环氧树脂、溶剂、陶瓷釉料、木质纤维粉、改性海泡石、泡沫稳定剂依次加入开炼机中进行混炼，得到混炼料；
S3、将混炼料、发泡剂置于一阶平行双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融混炼并挤出成增强料；
S4、将步骤S3制备的增强料与阻燃协效剂置于二阶平行双螺杆挤出机进行熔融混炼挤出成预制料；
S5、将步骤S4制备的预制料冷却定型、干燥后进行裁切，即可。
其中，一阶平行双螺杆挤出机和二阶平行双螺杆挤出机挤出压力均为15MPa，温度为190℃。
实施例2：
本实施例EPS板材由以下重量份的原料制成：聚苯乙烯95份、木薯淀粉20份、环氧树脂26份、四氢呋喃25份、陶瓷釉料35份、木质纤维粉26份、三氧化二锑8份、改性海泡石35份、三氯氟甲烷10份、聚硅氧烷7份；
其中，改性海泡石的改性过程为：将海泡石粉碎后制得海泡石粉，将海泡石粉、浓度为1.5mol/L的盐酸溶液一起加入70℃的恒温水浴中并搅拌6h，搅拌结束后过滤，用去离子水洗涤4次，置于110℃干燥箱中干燥2h后得到酸化海泡石；将偶联剂溶于乙醇溶液中混合均匀后制得质量分数为15％的偶联剂溶液，将酸化海泡石溶于偶联剂溶液中，磁力搅拌2.5h后，取出后置于90℃干燥箱干燥3h，得到改性海泡石；陶瓷釉料为陶瓷釉料经过1400℃下烧成的高温陶瓷釉料；
本实施例EPS板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照原料重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将聚苯乙烯、木薯淀粉、环氧树脂、溶剂、陶瓷釉料、木质纤维粉、改性海泡石、泡沫稳定剂依次加入开炼机中进行混炼，得到混炼料；
S3、将混炼料、发泡剂置于一阶平行双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融混炼并挤出成增强料；
S4、将步骤S3制备的增强料与阻燃协效剂置于二阶平行双螺杆挤出机进行熔融混炼挤出成预制料；
S5、将步骤S4制备的预制料冷却定型、干燥后进行裁切，即可。
其中，一阶平行双螺杆挤出机和二阶平行双螺杆挤出机挤出压力均为20MPa，温度为270℃。
实施例3：
本实施例EPS板材由以下重量份的原料制成：聚苯乙烯83份、木薯淀粉15份、环氧树脂20份、环己酮17份、陶瓷釉料27份、木质纤维粉19份、聚磷酸铵5份、改性海泡石28份、二氯二氟甲烷7份、硅油L-580稳定剂5份；
其中，改性海泡石的改性过程为：将海泡石粉碎后制得海泡石粉，将海泡石粉、浓度为1.3mol/L的盐酸溶液一起加入65℃的恒温水浴中并搅拌4.5h，搅拌结束后过滤，用去离子水洗涤3次，置于105℃干燥箱中干燥1.5h后得到酸化海泡石；将偶联剂溶于乙醇溶液中混合均匀后制得质量分数为13％的偶联剂溶液，将酸化海泡石溶于偶联剂溶液中，磁力搅拌2h后，取出后置于85℃干燥箱干燥2.5h，得到改性海泡石；陶瓷釉料为陶瓷釉料经过1340℃下烧成的高温陶瓷釉料；
本实施例EPS板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照原料重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将聚苯乙烯、木薯淀粉、环氧树脂、环己酮、陶瓷釉料、木质纤维粉、改性海泡石、硅油L-580依次加入开炼机中进行混炼，得到混炼料；
S3、将混炼料、二氯二氟甲烷置于一阶平行双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融混炼并挤出成增强料；
S4、将步骤S3制备的增强料与聚磷酸铵置于二阶平行双螺杆挤出机进行熔融混炼挤出成预制料；
S5、将步骤S4制备的预制料冷却定型、干燥后进行裁切，即可。
其中，一阶平行双螺杆挤出机和二阶平行双螺杆挤出机挤出压力均为18MPa，温度为230℃。
实施例4：
本实施例EPS板材由以下重量份的原料制成：聚苯乙烯75份、木薯淀粉13份、环氧树脂19份、环己酮15份、陶瓷釉料26份、木质纤维粉17份、十溴二苯乙烷3份、改性海泡石24份、环戊烷7份、L-5309泡沫稳定剂4份；
其中，改性海泡石的改性过程为：将海泡石粉碎后制得海泡石粉，将海泡石粉、浓度为1.2mol/L的盐酸溶液一起加入62℃的恒温水浴中并搅拌4h，搅拌结束后过滤，用去离子水洗涤3次，置于102℃干燥箱中干燥1.3h后得到酸化海泡石；将偶联剂溶于乙醇溶液中混合均匀后制得质量分数为12％的偶联剂溶液，将酸化海泡石溶于偶联剂溶液中，磁力搅拌1.8h后，取出后置于83℃干燥箱干燥2.3h，得到改性海泡石；陶瓷釉料为陶瓷釉料经过1300℃下烧成的高温陶瓷釉料；
本实施例EPS板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照原料重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将聚苯乙烯、木薯淀粉、环氧树脂、溶剂、陶瓷釉料、木质纤维粉、改性海泡石、泡沫稳定剂依次加入开炼机中进行混炼，得到混炼料；
S3、将混炼料、发泡剂置于一阶平行双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融混炼并挤出成增强料；
S4、将步骤S3制备的增强料与阻燃协效剂置于二阶平行双螺杆挤出机进行熔融混炼挤出成预制料；
S5、将步骤S4制备的预制料冷却定型、干燥后进行裁切，即可。
其中，一阶平行双螺杆挤出机和二阶平行双螺杆挤出机挤出压力均为16MPa，温度为200℃。
实施例5：
本实施例EPS板材由以下重量份的原料制成：聚苯乙烯90份、木薯淀粉17份、环氧树脂23份、溶剂21份、陶瓷釉料31份、木质纤维粉22份、六溴十二烷6份、改性海泡石30份、异戊烷9份、L-5333泡沫稳定剂6份；
其中，改性海泡石的改性过程为：将海泡石粉碎后制得海泡石粉，将海泡石粉、浓度为1.4mol/L的盐酸溶液一起加入67℃的恒温水浴中并搅拌5h，搅拌结束后过滤，用去离子水洗涤4次，置于108℃干燥箱中干燥1.7h后得到酸化海泡石；将偶联剂溶于乙醇溶液中混合均匀后制得质量分数为14％的偶联剂溶液，将酸化海泡石溶于偶联剂溶液中，磁力搅拌2.3h后，取出后置于88℃干燥箱干燥2.6h，得到改性海泡石；陶瓷釉料为陶瓷釉料经过1380℃下烧成的高温陶瓷釉料；
本实施例EPS板材的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照原料重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将聚苯乙烯、木薯淀粉、环氧树脂、溶剂、陶瓷釉料、木质纤维粉、改性海泡石、泡沫稳定剂依次加入开炼机中进行混炼，得到混炼料；
S3、将混炼料、发泡剂置于一阶平行双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融混炼并挤出成增强料；
S4、将步骤S3制备的增强料与阻燃协效剂置于二阶平行双螺杆挤出机进行熔融混炼挤出成预制料；
S5、将步骤S4制备的预制料冷却定型、干燥后进行裁切，即可。
其中，一阶平行双螺杆挤出机和二阶平行双螺杆挤出机挤出压力均为19MPa，温度为250℃。
需要说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种EPS板材，其特征在于，所述EPS板材由以下重量份的原料制成：聚苯乙烯70-95份、木薯淀粉10-20份、环氧树脂15-26份、溶剂10-25份、陶瓷釉料20-35份、木质纤维粉12-26份、阻燃协效剂2-8份、改性海泡石20-35份、发泡剂5-10份、泡沫稳定剂3-7份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的EPS板材，其特征在于，所述EPS板材由以下重量份的原料制成：聚苯乙烯75-90份、木薯淀粉13-17份、环氧树脂19-23份、溶剂15-21份、陶瓷釉料26-31份、木质纤维粉17-22份、阻燃协效剂3-6份、改性海泡石24-30份、发泡剂7-9份、泡沫稳定剂4-6份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的EPS板材，其特征在于，所述改性海泡石的改性过程为：将海泡石粉碎后制得海泡石粉，将海泡石粉、浓度为1-1.5mol/L的盐酸溶液一起加入60-70℃的恒温水浴中并搅拌3-6h，搅拌结束后过滤，用去离子水洗涤2-4次，置于100-110℃干燥箱中干燥1-2h后得到酸化海泡石；将偶联剂溶于乙醇溶液中混合均匀后制得质量分数为10-15％的偶联剂溶液，将酸化海泡石溶于偶联剂溶液中，磁力搅拌1.5-2.5h后，取出后置于80-90℃干燥箱干燥2-3h，得到改性海泡石。
4.根据权利要求1所述的EPS板材，其特征在于：所述陶瓷釉料为陶瓷釉料经过1280-1400℃下烧成的高温陶瓷釉料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的EPS板材，其特征在于：所述溶剂为甲苯、环己酮、四氢呋喃中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的EPS板材，其特征在于：所述发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺、三氯氟甲烷、二氯二氟甲烷、环戊烷、异戊烷中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的EPS板材，其特征在于：所述泡沫稳定剂为聚二甲基硅油、聚硅氧烷、硅油L-580、泡沫稳定剂L-5309、泡沫稳定剂L-5333中的一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的EPS板材，其特征在于：所述阻燃协效剂选自硼酸锌、三氧化二锑、聚磷酸铵、季戊四醇、三聚氰胺、六溴十二烷、十溴二苯乙烷中的一种。
9.一种如权利要求1-8任一所述EPS板材的加工工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照原料重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将聚苯乙烯、木薯淀粉、环氧树脂、溶剂、陶瓷釉料、木质纤维粉、改性海泡石、泡沫稳定剂依次加入开炼机中进行混炼，得到混炼料；
S3、将混炼料、发泡剂置于一阶平行双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融混炼并挤出成增强料；
S4、将步骤S3制备的增强料与阻燃协效剂置于二阶平行双螺杆挤出机进行熔融混炼挤出成预制料；
S5、将步骤S4制备的预制料冷却定型、干燥后进行裁切，即可。
10.根据权利要求9所述的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述一阶平行双螺杆挤出机和二阶平行双螺杆挤出机挤出压力均为15-20MPa，温度为190-270℃。
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CN108912405A (zh) * 2018-04-25 2018-11-30 曾冬梅 一种隔音抗菌聚苯乙烯板材及制备方法
CN109233126A (zh) * 2018-07-05 2019-01-18 何亚龙 一种聚苯乙烯阻燃发泡板材及制备方法
CN109553886A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2019-04-02 广讯检测（广东）有限公司 一种仿釉阻燃pvc发泡墙板及其制备方法
CN109553887A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2019-04-02 广讯检测（广东）有限公司 一种仿釉阻燃pvc地板及其制备方法
CN109575474A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2019-04-05 广讯检测（广东）有限公司 一种仿釉阻燃pvc塑钢瓦及其制备方法
CN109535606A (zh) * 2018-12-05 2019-03-29 广讯检测（广东）有限公司 一种仿釉阻燃塑钢墙板及其制备方法
CN110776700A (zh) * 2019-11-12 2020-02-11 徐州飞云泡沫制品有限责任公司 一种隔音型a级防火聚苯板及其制备方法
CN111635557A (zh) * 2020-06-17 2020-09-08 北京联飞翔科技股份有限公司 一种发泡材料添加剂及其制备方法与应用

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