CN107903063A - 利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法 - Google Patents

利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107903063A
CN107903063A CN201711068080.4A CN201711068080A CN107903063A CN 107903063 A CN107903063 A CN 107903063A CN 201711068080 A CN201711068080 A CN 201711068080A CN 107903063 A CN107903063 A CN 107903063A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
particle diameter
mass ratio
carbon material
graphene
subway
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201711068080.4A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
闵洁
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Datong Xincheng New Material Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Datong Xincheng New Material Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Datong Xincheng New Material Co Ltd filed Critical Datong Xincheng New Material Co Ltd
Priority to CN201711068080.4A priority Critical patent/CN107903063A/zh
Publication of CN107903063A publication Critical patent/CN107903063A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/52Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
    • C04B35/528Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite obtained from carbonaceous particles with or without other non-organic components
    • C04B35/532Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite obtained from carbonaceous particles with or without other non-organic components containing a carbonisable binder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/38Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles for collecting current from conductor rails
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/51Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
    • C04B41/5127Cu, e.g. Cu-CuO eutectic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/88Metals
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26Rail vehicles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/42Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
    • C04B2235/422Carbon
    • C04B2235/425Graphite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208Fibers
    • C04B2235/5216Inorganic
    • C04B2235/524Non-oxidic, e.g. borides, carbides, silicides or nitrides
    • C04B2235/5248Carbon, e.g. graphite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5427Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof millimeter or submillimeter sized, i.e. larger than 0,1 mm
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6562Heating rate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6567Treatment time
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/77Density
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于新型炭材料技术领域,提供了利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,包括以下步骤:1、选用原料并进行配比,原料包括重量比为60~65%的煅后石油焦,重量比为15~20%的沥青焦,重量比为15~20%的特种石墨粉、重量比为5~10%的碳纤维、重量比为3~5%的石墨烯;2、混捏:先干混,然后加入与原料的质量比为25:75~30:70的粘结剂进行湿混得到糊料;3、轧片、磨粉、螺旋挤压成型;4、焙烧:在氮气电炉中进行热处理;5、浸金属:预热处理后装入密封浸渍罐中进行抽真空,当真空度为0.00Mpa时,注入高温铜水并进行加压浸渍处理;6、机械加工和粘结组装。本发明生产的产品理化性能指标好,可应用于地铁领域。

Description

利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法
技术领域
本发明属于新型炭材料技术领域,具体涉及一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展,轨道交通在国民经济中起着愈来愈得要的作用。地铁轨道供电,就是在列车行走的两条路轨以外,再加上带电的铁轨。这条带电铁轨通常设于两轨之间或其中一轨的外侧。列车的集电装置在带电路轨上接触并滑行,把电力传到列车上。这种集电装置在英语称为“shoe”,中译为“集电靴、受流靴、受流器等”。轨道供电系统的电压较接触网系统为小,接触网一般能提供25000伏特或以上的交流电。
目前地铁受流器大多使用铁质、铜质滑块,主要成分是铜、铁、硅和锌等,只是利用其较好的导电性能,但其与三轨摩擦系数较大,由于铁、铜块制造工艺不复杂,多由小型企业生产,内部成分变化较大,使其产品有质量不稳定,安全性、可靠性不理想,使用寿命短等缺点,为了提高受流器滑块的安全性、可靠性、耐磨性,提高使用寿命,降低运营成本,急需要提出一利利用浸金属碳材料制备地铁受流器滑块的方法。
发明内容
为适应地铁轨道施工领域的实际发展需求,本发明克服现有技术存在的不足,所要解决的技术问题为提出一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案为:一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,包括以下步骤:
S101、选用原料并进行配比:所述原料包括骨料和粉料,所述骨料包括沥青焦和煅后石油焦,所述粉料包括石墨烯、特种石墨粉和碳纤维,按重量百分含量计,所述原料中,煅后石油焦的重量比为60~65%,沥青焦的重量比为15~20%、特种石墨粉的重量比为15~20%、碳纤维的重量比为5~10%、石墨烯的重量比为3~5%;所述骨料选用的煅后石油焦的粒径质量配比为:0.33mm m≤粒径<0.45m的质量比为5~15wt%;0.10mm≤粒径<0.33mm 的质量比为15~25wt%;0.07mm≤粒径<0.10mm的质量比为25~30wt%;0<粒径<0.07mm的质量比为40~45wt%;所述骨料选用的沥青焦的粒径质量配比为:0.5mm<粒径≤2mm的质量为55~60%;粒径≤0.5mm的质量比为40~45%;所述粉料选用的石墨烯的拉伸模量≤1.01TPa,极限强度≤116Gpa;
S102、混捏:配比完成后将原料放入混捏锅中进行干混,干混完成后加入粘结剂进行湿混得到糊料,加入的粘结剂与原料的质量比为25:75~30:70;
S103、轧片、磨粉、螺旋挤压成型:将糊料放置在轧片机中进行轧片,轧片晾干之后用雷蒙磨制成2mm颗粒后,通过管道送入螺旋挤压机预热缸内按最高180℃进行预热处理,之后螺旋挤压得到生坯制品;
S104、焙烧:将生坯制品在隔绝空气的条件下,在氮气电炉中进行热处理,得到焙烧品;
S105、浸金属:将焙烧品放入石墨槽中进行预热处理后装入密封浸渍罐中进行抽真空,当真空度为0.00Mpa时,向浸渍罐中注入高温铜水,并进行加压浸渍处理,得到浸金属碳材料;
S106、机械加工和粘结组装。
所述原料中,沥青焦的真密度≥2.0g/cm3、灰份<0.5%、挥发份<0.8%;煅后石油焦的真密度≥2.13g/cm3,灰分≤0.20%,挥发份≤0.25%,硫含量≤0.40%,石墨烯的拉伸模量≤1.01TPa,极限强度≤116Gpa;特种石墨粉的体积密度≥1.75g/cm3,电阻率≤6.0μΩm,抗折强度≥28Mpa,抗压强度≥32Mpa,气孔率≤12%,灰分≤0.10%,热膨胀系数≤2*10-6/℃;碳纤维体积密度≥1.85g/cm3
所述骨料选用的煅后石油焦的粒径质量配比为:0.33mm m≤粒径<0.45m的质量比为5wt%;0.10mm≤粒径<0.33mm 的质量比为15wt%;0.07mm≤粒径<0.10mm的质量比为30wt%;0<粒径<0.07mm的质量比为40wt%;所述骨料选用的沥青焦的粒径质量配比为:0.5mm<粒径≤2mm的质量为57%;粒径≤0.5mm的质量比为43%。
所述粉料中,特种石墨粉的粒径为0.5mm~1mm,碳纤维的粒径为0.1mm~0.5mm。
所述步骤S102的具体工艺为:配比完成后将原料放入混捏锅中进行干混,搅拌速率为45r/min,搅拌35min,温度为170℃;然后将加热到220℃的粘结剂通过沥青管道注入到混捏锅中与干混完成的原料进行充分搅拌,由此得到糊料;其中,加入的粘结剂为中温煤沥青,所述中温煤沥青的软化点为83-86℃,结焦值为≥58%,灰分≤0.25%,喹啉不溶物≤0.30%,加入的中温煤沥青与原料的质量比为:28: 72。
所述步骤S104中,热处理过程的具体步骤为:将生坯制品以升温速率1.1~2.1℃/h从150℃升温到550℃温度;然后以升温速率0.7~1.1℃/h从550℃升温到900℃;最后以升温速率1.1~1.5℃/h从900℃升温到1400℃,热处理过程的升温过程通过温度报警仪进行控制,所述温度报警仪的误差在5℃以内。
所述步骤S105中,预热温度为1300℃,预热时间为4h,所述加压浸渍处理的压力为0.5Mpa,加压浸渍处理的时间为5~10min,增重率为5~7%。
所述步骤S106具体工艺为:将得到的浸金属碳材料按需求进行机械加工后,在密封条件下在其四周均匀涂抹导电胶,然后将其与托架贴合在一起并用夹具固定后进行加热固化处理,所述加热固化处理的具体步骤为:将用夹具固定的浸金属碳材料与托架在常温下放入烘箱; 第一次调节烘箱温度至20℃-80℃,保温30分钟~70分钟; 第二次调节烘箱温度至80℃~130℃,保温20分钟~60分钟;第三次调节烘箱温度至130℃~150℃,保温180分钟,以使浸金属碳材料与托架结合成一体。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果:本发明提出的一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,采用石墨烯、特种石墨粉和碳纤维为粉料生产碳材料,并在生产出的碳材料中加入铜质材料,显著提高了受流器滑块材料的导电性、导热性及摩擦、磨损性、耐腐蚀性等,本发明制备方法生产周期短,同时产品成品率有了大幅提高。
此外,本发明使用新技术工艺制备浸金属碳材料,即为将烧结碳材料初坯装入密封浸渍罐中经过抽真空,注入高温铜水,加压浸渍处理,得到浸金属碳材料,从而增加碳材料的体积密度,提高机械强度、耐腐蚀性和氧化性。
经过本发明的制备方法得到的地铁用受流器滑块,其体积密度≤3.0g/cm3,电阻率为≤12μΩ•m,抗折强度为≥70Mpa,肖氏硬度为≥70HS,耐磨性能≤15 mm/万km,对导线的磨损≤0.015mm2/万弓架次,具有非常好的的理化性能指标。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合具体实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例;基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,包括以下步骤:
1、选用原料并进行配比。
本发明实施例中,选用的原料包括骨料和粉料,所述骨料包括沥青焦和煅后石油焦,所述粉料包括石墨烯、特种石墨粉和碳纤维,按重量百分含量计,所述原料中,煅后石油焦的重量比为60~65%,沥青焦的重量比为15~20%、特种石墨粉的重量比为15~20%、碳纤维的重量比为5~10%、石墨烯的重量比为3~5%。
发明人经过多次实验,得到所述骨料优选选用的煅后石油焦的粒径质量配比为:0.33mm m≤粒径<0.45m的质量比为5~15wt%;0.10mm≤粒径<0.33mm 的质量比为15~25wt%;0.07mm≤粒径<0.10mm的质量比为25~30wt%;0<粒径<0.07mm的质量比为40~45wt%;所述骨料选用的沥青焦的粒径质量配比为:0.5mm<粒径≤2mm的质量为55~60%;粒径≤0.5mm的质量比为40~45%;所述粉料选用的石墨烯的拉伸模量≤1.01TPa,极限强度≤116Gpa。
优选地,所述骨料选用的煅后石油焦所述骨料选用的煅后石油焦的粒径质量配比为:0.33mm m≤粒径<0.45m的质量比为5wt%;0.10mm≤粒径<0.33mm的质量比为15wt%;0.07mm≤粒径<0.10mm的质量比为30wt%;0<粒径<0.07mm的质量比为40wt%;所述骨料选用的沥青焦的粒径质量配比为:0.5mm<粒径≤2mm的质量为57%;粒径≤0.5mm的质量比为43%。
优选地,所述粉料中,特种石墨粉的粒径为0.5mm~1mm,碳纤维的粒径为0.1mm~0.5mm。
此外,所述原料中,选用的沥青焦的真密度≥2.0g/cm3、灰份<0.5%、挥发份<0.8%;煅后石油焦的真密度≥2.13g/cm3,灰分≤0.20%,挥发份≤0.25%,硫含量≤0.40%,石墨烯的拉伸模量≤1.01TPa,极限强度≤116Gpa;特种石墨粉的体积密度≥1.75g/cm3,电阻率≤6.0μΩm,抗折强度≥28Mpa,抗压强度≥32Mpa,气孔率≤12%,灰分≤0.10%,热膨胀系数≤2*10-6/℃;碳纤维体积密度≥1.85g/cm3
此外,本发明实施例中,选用原料并进行配比的步骤还可以包括对选用的块料煅后石油焦和沥青焦进行破碎、磨粉、筛分和按上述粒径质量比进行配比的步骤。
2、混捏。
本发明实施例中,混捏为干混和湿混,配比完成后的原料首先放入混捏锅中进行干混,搅拌速率为45r/min,搅拌35min,温度为170℃;然后将加热到220℃的粘结剂通过沥青管道注入到混捏锅中与干混完成的原料进行充分搅拌,由此得到糊料,这是湿混;其中,加入的粘结剂与原料的质量比为25:75~30:70。
优选地,加入的粘结剂为中温煤沥青,湿混加入的中温煤沥青与原料的质量比为28: 72。所述中温煤沥青的软化点为83-86℃,结焦值为≥58%,灰分≤0.25%,喹啉不溶物≤0.30%。
3、轧片、磨粉、螺旋挤压成型。
将糊料放置在轧片机中进行轧片,轧片晾干之后用雷蒙磨制成2mm颗粒后,通过管道送入螺旋挤压机预热缸内按最高180℃进行预热处理,之后螺旋挤压得到生坯制品,所述的生坯制品体积密度≥1.77g/cm3
4、焙烧。
将生坯制品在隔绝空气的条件下,在氮气电炉中进行热处理,得到焙烧品;
其中,热处理过程的具体步骤为:将生坯制品以升温速率1.1~2.1℃/h从150℃升温到550℃温度;然后以升温速率0.7~1.1℃/h从550℃升温到900℃;最后以升温速率1.1~1.5℃/h从900℃升温到1400℃,热处理过程的升温过程通过温度报警仪进行控制,所述温度报警仪的误差在5℃以内,以保证产品内外结构没有裂纹。
5、浸金属。
浸金属是将焙烧得到的碳材料初坯放入石墨槽中进行预热处理,其中,预热温度为1300℃,预热时间为4h;预热完成后将碳材料初坯装入密封浸渍罐中,将浸渍罐抽真空,当真空度为0.00Mpa时,向浸渍罐中注入高温铜水,接着向浸渍罐加压,进行加压浸渍处理,得到浸渍碳材料,其中,所述加压浸渍处理的压力为0.5Mpa,加压浸渍处理的时间为5~10min,其增重率为5~7%。
6、机械加工和粘结组装。
将得到的浸金属碳材料按需求(例如按客户型号接口图)进行机械加工后,在密封条件下在其四周均匀涂抹导电胶,然后将其与托架贴合在一起并用夹具固定后进行加热固化处理,所述加热固化处理的具体步骤可以为:将用夹具固定的浸金属碳材料与托架在常温下放入烘箱; 第一次调节烘箱温度至20℃~80℃,保温30分钟~70分钟; 第二次调节烘箱温度至80℃~130℃,保温20分钟~60分钟;第三次调节烘箱温度至130℃~150℃,保温180分钟,以使浸金属碳材料与托架结合成一体。
经过上述工艺技术得到的地铁用受流器滑块,其体积密度≤3.0g/cm3,电阻率为≤12μΩ·m,抗折强度为≥70Mpa,肖氏硬度为≥70HS,耐磨性能≤15 mm/万km,对导线的磨损≤0.015mm2/万弓架次,具有非常好的的理化性能指标。
上面对本发明的实施例作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施例,在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。

Claims (8)

1.利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S101、选用原料并进行配比,所述原料包括骨料和粉料,所述骨料包括沥青焦和煅后石油焦,所述粉料包括石墨烯、特种石墨粉和碳纤维,按重量百分含量计,所述原料中,煅后石油焦的重量比为60~65%,沥青焦的重量比为15~20%、特种石墨粉的重量比为15~20%、碳纤维的重量比为5~10%、石墨烯的重量比为3~5%;所述骨料选用的煅后石油焦的粒径质量配比为:0.33mm m≤粒径<0.45m的质量比为5~15wt%;0.10mm≤粒径<0.33mm 的质量比为15~25wt%;0.07mm≤粒径<0.10mm的质量比为25~30wt%;0<粒径<0.07mm的质量比为40~45wt%;所述骨料选用的沥青焦的粒径质量配比为:0.5mm<粒径≤2mm的质量为55~60%;粒径≤0.5mm的质量比为40~45%;所述粉料选用的石墨烯的拉伸模量≤1.01TPa,极限强度≤116Gpa;
S102、混捏:配比完成后将原料放入混捏锅中进行干混,干混完成后加入粘结剂进行湿混得到糊料,加入的粘结剂与原料的质量比为25:75~30:70;
S103、轧片、磨粉、螺旋挤压成型:将糊料放置在轧片机中进行轧片,轧片晾干之后用雷蒙磨制成2mm颗粒后,通过管道送入螺旋挤压机预热缸内按最高180℃进行预热处理,之后螺旋挤压得到生坯制品;
S104、焙烧:将生坯制品在隔绝空气的条件下,在氮气电炉中进行热处理,得到焙烧品;
S105、浸金属:将焙烧品放入石墨槽中进行预热处理后装入密封浸渍罐中进行抽真空,当真空度为0.00Mpa时,向浸渍罐中注入高温铜水,并进行加压浸渍处理,得到浸金属碳材料;
S106、机械加工和粘结组装。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,其特征在于,所述原料中,沥青焦的真密度≥2.0g/cm3、灰份<0.5%、挥发份<0.8%;煅后石油焦的真密度≥2.13g/cm3,灰分≤0.20%,挥发份≤0.25%,硫含量≤0.40%,石墨烯的拉伸模量≤1.01TPa,极限强度≤116Gpa;特种石墨粉的体积密度≥1.75g/cm3,电阻率≤6.0μΩm,抗折强度≥28Mpa,抗压强度≥32Mpa,气孔率≤12%,灰分≤0.10%,热膨胀系数≤2*10-6/℃;碳纤维体积密度≥1.85g/cm3
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,其特征在于,所述骨料选用的煅后石油焦的粒径质量配比为:0.33mm m≤粒径<0.45m的质量比为5wt%;0.10mm≤粒径<0.33mm 的质量比为15wt%;0.07mm≤粒径<0.10mm的质量比为30wt%;0<粒径<0.07mm的质量比为40wt%;所述骨料选用的沥青焦的粒径质量配比为:0.5mm<粒径≤2mm的质量为57%;粒径≤0.15mm的质量比为43%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,其特征在于,所述粉料中,特种石墨粉的粒径为0.5mm~1mm,碳纤维的粒径为0.1mm~0.5mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S102的具体工艺为:配比完成后将原料放入混捏锅中进行干混,搅拌速率为45r/min,搅拌35min,温度为170℃;然后将加热到220℃的粘结剂通过沥青管道注入到混捏锅中与干混完成的原料进行充分搅拌,由此得到糊料;其中,加入的粘结剂为中温煤沥青,所述中温煤沥青的软化点为83-86℃,结焦值为≥58%,灰分≤0.25%,喹啉不溶物≤0.30%,加入的中温煤沥青与原料的质量比为:28: 72。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S104中,热处理过程的具体步骤为:将生坯制品以升温速率1.1~2.1℃/h从150℃升温到550℃温度;然后以升温速率0.7~1.1℃/h从550℃升温到900℃;最后以升温速率1.1~1.5℃/h从900℃升温到1400℃,热处理过程的升温过程通过温度报警仪进行控制,所述温度报警仪的误差在5℃以内。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S105中,预热温度为1300℃,预热时间为4h,所述加压浸渍处理的压力为0.5Mpa,加压浸渍处理的时间为5~10min,增重率为5~7%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S106具体工艺为:将得到的浸金属碳材料按需求进行机械加工后,在密封条件下在其四周均匀涂抹导电胶,然后将其与托架贴合在一起并用夹具固定后进行加热固化处理,所述加热固化处理的具体步骤为:将用夹具固定的浸金属碳材料与托架在常温下放入烘箱; 第一次调节烘箱温度至20℃-80℃,保温30分钟~70分钟; 第二次调节烘箱温度至80℃~130℃,保温20分钟~60分钟;第三次调节烘箱温度至130℃~150℃,保温180分钟,以使浸金属碳材料与托架结合成一体。
CN201711068080.4A 2017-11-03 2017-11-03 利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法 Pending CN107903063A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711068080.4A CN107903063A (zh) 2017-11-03 2017-11-03 利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711068080.4A CN107903063A (zh) 2017-11-03 2017-11-03 利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107903063A true CN107903063A (zh) 2018-04-13

Family

ID=61843360

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201711068080.4A Pending CN107903063A (zh) 2017-11-03 2017-11-03 利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107903063A (zh)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108585860A (zh) * 2018-05-08 2018-09-28 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 一种铜基复合材料受电弓滑板的制备工艺
CN108794008A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-11-13 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 一种地铁用纯碳滑条及其制备方法
CN109265171A (zh) * 2018-12-03 2019-01-25 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 一种地铁用纯碳滑条及其制备方法
CN110981482A (zh) * 2019-11-22 2020-04-10 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 一种地铁用浸金属受流器材料的制备方法
CN111348914A (zh) * 2018-12-24 2020-06-30 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 碳质成型体的制备方法、碳质成型体及烹饪器具

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05306167A (ja) * 1992-05-01 1993-11-19 Nippon Steel Corp 短繊維強化c/cコンポジットの製造方法
CN102898143A (zh) * 2012-09-04 2013-01-30 天津锦美碳材科技发展有限公司 一种用于装配电力机车受电弓的炭滑板的制备方法
CN104649700A (zh) * 2013-11-18 2015-05-27 苏州东南电碳科技有限公司 一种受电弓碳滑板及其制造方法
CN106032328A (zh) * 2015-03-18 2016-10-19 苏州东南电碳科技有限公司 一种用于制备机车牵引电机用碳刷的材料

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05306167A (ja) * 1992-05-01 1993-11-19 Nippon Steel Corp 短繊維強化c/cコンポジットの製造方法
CN102898143A (zh) * 2012-09-04 2013-01-30 天津锦美碳材科技发展有限公司 一种用于装配电力机车受电弓的炭滑板的制备方法
CN104649700A (zh) * 2013-11-18 2015-05-27 苏州东南电碳科技有限公司 一种受电弓碳滑板及其制造方法
CN106032328A (zh) * 2015-03-18 2016-10-19 苏州东南电碳科技有限公司 一种用于制备机车牵引电机用碳刷的材料

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108585860A (zh) * 2018-05-08 2018-09-28 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 一种铜基复合材料受电弓滑板的制备工艺
CN108794008A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-11-13 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 一种地铁用纯碳滑条及其制备方法
CN109265171A (zh) * 2018-12-03 2019-01-25 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 一种地铁用纯碳滑条及其制备方法
CN111348914A (zh) * 2018-12-24 2020-06-30 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 碳质成型体的制备方法、碳质成型体及烹饪器具
CN110981482A (zh) * 2019-11-22 2020-04-10 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 一种地铁用浸金属受流器材料的制备方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN107903063A (zh) 利用石墨烯浸金属碳材料制备地铁用受流器滑块的方法
CN107857591B (zh) 一种利用纳米碳粉制备受电弓浸金属碳滑条材料的方法
CN107021772B (zh) 一种碳纤维增强受电弓碳滑板的制备方法
CN106699181B (zh) 一种利用氧化石墨烯制备受电弓碳滑条材料的制备方法
CN107879741B (zh) 一种受电弓纯碳滑条材料的制备方法
CN102034561B (zh) 轨道车辆用炭基滑块材料及其制备方法
CN103159495B (zh) 一种碳纤维增强受电弓碳滑板材料及其制造方法
CN107602125A (zh) 一种细颗粒、高密度、高纯度石墨材料的制备方法
CN102363526A (zh) 直径650mm超高功率石墨电极及其生产方法
CN105237006B (zh) 一种矿热炉用石墨炉衬的制备方法
CN110511050A (zh) 一种多晶硅铸锭炉用碳纤维石墨材料及其制备方法
CN108358638A (zh) 一种浸金属碳滑板制备工艺
CN108384981B (zh) 一种铜基碳滑条的制备方法及其铜基碳滑条材料
CN106698414A (zh) 一种制备特种石墨材料的原料组合物和方法
CN104529452A (zh) 氧化石墨烯质焙烧型电接触材料及其制备方法
CN107311686A (zh) 一种石墨电极的新型制备工艺
CN105671357A (zh) 一种铜基受电弓滑板材料及其制备方法
CN115108833B (zh) 一种连铸石墨材料及其制备方法
CN105130436A (zh) 一种高电阻率炭黑基电化石墨电刷材料制备方法
CN109265171A (zh) 一种地铁用纯碳滑条及其制备方法
CN108409326A (zh) 一种碳基复合材料滑板的制备方法
CN100595340C (zh) 一种铝用炭素阳极混捏成型方法
CN110981482A (zh) 一种地铁用浸金属受流器材料的制备方法
CN105088280A (zh) 铝用阳极碳素预热、间断混捏的成型生产工艺
CN108515170A (zh) 一种新型高性能受电弓材料的制备工艺

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20180413

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication