CN107893413B - Method for treating dust source by solidification method - Google Patents
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- CN107893413B CN107893413B CN201711091871.9A CN201711091871A CN107893413B CN 107893413 B CN107893413 B CN 107893413B CN 201711091871 A CN201711091871 A CN 201711091871A CN 107893413 B CN107893413 B CN 107893413B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling a sand source by a solidification method, belongs to the field of sand source protection and control, and aims to solve the problems of waste of control materials and inconvenience for reclamation in the existing method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) compacting: covering a layer of loess on the surface of the sand dust source to be treated, and rolling, wherein the compaction degree is more than 0.65; (2) micro-sprinkling irrigation: adopting a micro-sprinkling irrigation system to simulate the rainfall intensity of heavy rain, leading the water content of the soil body to be treated to reach 18-24% of the solid limit water content, and (3) placing: and (4) airing at high temperature, and drying the surface soil body into a standard mud shell. The invention can not only protect the sand source at the lower part of the soil body from raising sand, but also prevent the sand blown by the wind from occurring on the soil surface, and rapidly treat the artificial sand source and the natural sand source.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sand source protection and treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating a sand source by a solidification method.
Background
A large amount of granular artificial accumulation bodies exist in an existing industrial solid waste storage yard, an industrial waste liquid storage, a tailing storage dam body and a storage area, and become sand sources polluting the environment under the action of wind power. The traditional method, namely the general method of dam surface slope protection, such as laying geomembrane, dry stone slope protection, grout stone slope protection, broken stone slope protection, turf slope protection and the like, has huge cost, is difficult to construct and has certain limitation, and finally, the effective repair of the damaged national soil is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for controlling a dust source by a solidification method, which solves the problems of waste of treatment materials and inconvenience for reclamation in the existing method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
as a first embodiment of the present invention, a method for treating a dust source by a solidification method includes the steps of:
(1) compacting: covering a layer of loess on the surface of the sand dust source to be treated, and rolling, wherein the compaction degree is more than 0.65;
(2) micro-sprinkling irrigation: a micro-sprinkling irrigation system is adopted to simulate the rainfall intensity of heavy rain, so that the water content of the soil body to be treated reaches the solid limit water content of 18-24 percent,
(3) placing: and (4) airing at high temperature, and drying the surface soil body into a standard mud shell.
As another embodiment of the present invention, a method for treating a dust source by a solidification method includes the steps of:
(1) sowing: spreading grass seeds on the surface of the soil body to be treated;
(2) micro-sprinkling irrigation: a micro-sprinkling irrigation system is adopted to simulate the rainfall intensity of heavy rain, so that the water content of the soil body to be treated reaches 18-24% of the solid limit water content;
(3) placing: placing at high temperature while waiting for the grass seeds to sprout; the treated soil body forms a standard mud shell, and after the standard mud shell is formed for a period of time, reticulate crazing cracks appear and are destroyed to form cracks, and the cracks are favorable for the growth of grass.
Further, the rainfall intensity of the simulated heavy rain in the micro-sprinkling irrigation step is 28.9mm/12h, and the rainfall time is 6 h.
Furthermore, the infiltration depth of the rainwater in the soil layer in the micro-sprinkling irrigation step is 4.0-6.0 cm.
Further, in the placing step, the mud shells are dried in the sun for 3-5 days at the temperature of more than 20 ℃ and are standard.
Further, the standard mud shell parameters are determined as follows: the thickness of the mud shell is 16.0-24.9 mm, and the hardness of the mud shell is 6.0-14.7 kg/cm3The volume weight is 1176kg/m3～1470kg/m3. (certain stability and wind resistance under the combined action of self gravity and friction force between the self gravity and the surrounding soil body, and the surface of the mud shell cannot be damaged under the action of 8-grade wind.)
In order to save construction cost and improve applicability, the invention adopts a method of covering soil on the surface of a dust source or the surface, simulating artificial rainfall by adopting a micro-sprinkling irrigation system to ensure that the surface layer of a soil body reaches a solid limit water content, and then dehydrating and drying to form a standard mud shell to prevent and control the dust source.
The invention can be directly carried out on the surface of a sand dust source, or can be carried out on a soil surface with a certain thickness laid on the surface of the sand dust source, a soil body is firstly rolled to reach a certain compaction degree, artificial rainfall is simulated by a micro-sprinkling irrigation technology, the rainfall intensity and the rainfall duration required by the soil body are determined through tests, so that the soil body reaches a solid limit water content state, then under a certain environmental condition, moisture and gas in the soil body are dissipated and pores are reduced after a certain period of time, and the soil body structure is tightly dried on the soil surface to form a solidified thin-shell integral standard mud shell.
The soil body is changed into a standard mud shell with certain quality and thickness by the water through the drying process, the soil body can protect the lower layer soil body from erosion of running water and wind and rain while not playing a role of raising dust, and a protective layer is formed on the surface of the soil body to play a role of preventing and controlling a dust source. The method can be applied to the protection treatment of large-area soil bodies of artificial sand sources such as industrial solid waste storage yards, industrial waste liquid storehouses, tailing reservoir dam bodies and the like, and can also be applied to the treatment of certain natural sand source areas.
In the operation process, the artificial rainfall intensity is firstly controlled, the proper rainfall intensity is selected, and different sand sources have different solid limit water content due to different compaction degrees, which is a control factor for generating the mud shell at the initial stage.
The controllability of the mud shell is that when the mud shell has too large cracks or the mud shell is broken, the mud shell can be enabled to contain water again through a micro-sprinkling irrigation system (namely the process of artificial rainfall), so that the damaged mud shell reaches the solid limit water content, the mud shell is placed for 3 to 5 days under the condition of long-time high temperature (more than 20 ℃), soil is formed again to form the standard mud shell, and the mud shell can be repaired repeatedly in a circulating manner.
The method is mainly used for preventing and controlling the raised sand on the surfaces of artificial sand sources such as industrial solid waste storage yards, industrial waste liquid reservoirs, tailing reservoirs and the like, can also be used for treating natural sand sources, and is a simple, environment-friendly, easy to operate and control, economical and durable sand source prevention and control method.
The other embodiment of the invention aims at the turf protection slope which is a common method in slope management, but the turf protection slope is not easy to survive in soil and the purpose of slope protection cannot be achieved due to the difficulty in survival of the turfgrass in winter and spring. This problem is solved by combining turf with turf to form a turf grass symbiont.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a clay shell in a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a clay shell in a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
In the embodiment, the soil on the surface layer of the dust source is covered with water, the soil body contains water through a micro-sprinkling irrigation system, and the water content of the mud shell which can be formed by different soil samples can be determined through experiments, and the water content is called as the solid limit water content.
According to the test, different mud shell thicknesses can be manufactured under different rain intensities and test conditions, the required mud shell thickness can be determined according to the maximum wind level to be resisted by a required field and the minimum weight capable of being blown up by the wind level, and the required mud shell thickness can be determined as the standard mud shell required by a treatment area. The standard mud shell has certain hardness, thickness, mass and volume, and has certain stability and wind resistance under the combined action of self gravity and friction between the standard mud shell and the surrounding soil body. Under the action of wind power, the dried and solidified standard mud shell can protect other soil bodies and prevent wind power from forming sand raising.
Example 1
Compacting: the treated soil body is rolled to reach a certain compaction degree, and the compaction degree is more than 0.65 determined by tests;
micro-sprinkling irrigation: adopting micro-sprinkling irrigation technology to simulate artificial rainfall on the surface of the treated soil body, and simulating different rainfall intensities by controlling the water spraying amount and the sprinkling irrigation time; the simulated raininess can be medium rain or heavy rain, different rainfalls need different rainfall durations to enable the water content of the soil body to reach the solid limit water content, for example, the simulated heavy rain (18.9mm/12h) rainfalls for 6h, the solid limit water content of the soil body is generally 18-24%, and the infiltration depth of the rainwater in the soil layer is 4.0-6.0 cm;
placing: the rainwater is kept for a certain time under certain conditions, and the required time for keeping the rainwater at different infiltration depths is different. Drying the soil body on the surface layer for 3 to 5 days at the temperature of more than 20 ℃, wherein the highest temperature in summer is generally 40 ℃, drying the soil body on the surface layer into a mud shell, forming a standard mud shell 3 on the soil body 5 of the sand dust source by referring to the structure of the mud shell on the surface of the sand dust source in figure 1, and generating a shell seam 2 after a period of time, wherein the size of the crack seam is 8.0 to 30.0cm, and the width of the crack seam is about 0.2 to 2.0 mm.
And (3) detection: detecting whether the hardness, thickness, volume, mass and wind resistance of the mud shell reach the standard, and determining standard mud shell parameters as follows: the thickness of the mud shell is 4 mm to 24.9mm, and the hardness of the mud shell is 6.0 kg/cm to 14.7kg/cm3The volume weight (gamma = ρ g) was 1176kg/m3～1470kg/m3。
Repairing: if the standard mud shell is damaged, the process can be repeated again for repairing, parameters required for forming the standard mud shell are controlled, the rainfall intensity is 28.9mm/12h of heavy rain, the rainfall duration is 6h, the water content of the soil body reaches 18% -24%, and the standard mud shell can be formed again after the soil body is placed for 3-5 days.
The mud shell formed by the method forms an integral body on the surface of the dam slope, and the surface of the dam slope has some irregular cracks after being exposed to high temperature, but the surface is basically smooth, so that the mud shell can resist the erosion of wind and rain.
Example 2
Sowing: spreading grass seeds suitable for growth on the surface of a soil body to be treated;
micro-sprinkling irrigation: the rainfall intensity of heavy rain is simulated by adopting a micro-sprinkling irrigation system for 28.9mm/12h, and the water content of the soil body to be treated reaches the solid limit water content, generally 18-24% after 6h of artificial rainfall;
placing: drying in the sun at a temperature higher than 20 deg.C for 3-5 days, wherein the highest temperature in summer is 40 deg.C, the surface soil body is dried into mud shell, and waiting for the grass seed to sprout;
referring to the structure of the mud shell on the surface of the sand dust source in FIG. 2, a standard mud shell 3 is formed on a sand dust source soil body 5, after a period of time, the standard mud shell has reticulate crack damage and a shell seam 2, the size of the crack block is 8.0-30.0 cm, and the width of the crack is about 0.2-2.0 mm. The cracks facilitate the growth of the grass. Grass grows on the standard mud hulls and in the seams between the hulls.
Forming: the method comprises the following steps of (1) forming a standard mud shell on the soil body to be treated, observing the growth condition of grass, and if the grass lacks moisture, spraying water by using a micro-sprinkling irrigation system, wherein the mud shell can be damaged in the process, but the rainfall intensity required for forming the mud shell can be noticed during sprinkling irrigation, the rainfall lasts for a while, the water content of the soil body is monitored to reach the solid limit water content, and the mud shell can be formed again after a period of time passes after the sprinkling irrigation is finished;
and (3) detection: detecting the hardness, thickness and wind resistance of the mud hulls, and observing the percentage of the mud hulls and the grass; the standard mud shell parameters were determined as: the thickness of the mud shell is 4 mm to 24.9mm, and the hardness of the mud shell is 6.0 kg/cm to 14.7kg/cm3The volume weight (gamma = ρ g) was 1176kg/m3～1470kg/m3。
Repairing: if the standard mud shell is damaged due to the growth of grass or other reasons, the micro-sprinkling irrigation system can be used for enabling the soil body to be treated to be dried and formed into the standard mud shell again.
The roots of the herbaceous plants have the effect of fixing soil, the mud hulls can prevent and control a sand dust source at the initial stage of operation and prevent the dam body material at the bottom layer from generating wind and sand, the method is used in places where the grass is not easy to survive, the mud hulls provide soil for the growth of the grass, and the roots of the grass can play a role of fixing the mud hulls during the growth and change process of the grass. Early stage grass may play a role in fixing the mud shell, while the root system of later stage grass continues to grow and possibly destroy the mud shell structure, and different proportions of shell grass represent different surface conditions and different effects of preventing and treating sand sources. Grass is used to prevent and control sand sources in summer and autumn, and mud hulls are used to prevent and control sand sources in winter and spring. The different proportions of grass on the mud shell are divided into 5 types: (1) only mud shells (no grass); the finger grass does not sprout and is mainly acted by mud shells; (2) grass (coverage is less than or equal to 20%); the grass is just germinated or withered in winter, and is mainly solidified by mud shells; (3) grass (20% < coverage ≦ 50%); the coverage rate of spring and autumn festival grass is high, and the mud shell and the grass play a role in solidification; (4) grass (50% < coverage ≦ 60%); after the dactylicapnos grow for many years, perennial shrubs have a large proportion and play a role in surface solidification; (5) grass (60% < coverage < 85%), meaning the grass and wood grow vigorously in summer and the grass plays a major role in solidification. Through years of maintenance, the curing effect can be better when the category (4) is used.
Claims (2)
1. A method for treating a dust source by a solidification method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) compacting: covering a layer of loess on the surface of the sand dust source to be treated, and rolling, wherein the compaction degree is more than 0.65;
(2) micro-sprinkling irrigation: simulating the rainfall intensity of heavy rain by adopting a micro-sprinkling irrigation system to ensure that the water content of the soil body to be treated reaches 18-24% of the solid limit water content, wherein the rainfall intensity of heavy rain is simulated to be 28.9mm/12h in the micro-sprinkling irrigation step, and the rainfall time is 6 h; the infiltration depth of rainwater in the soil layer is 4.0-6.0 cm;
(3) placing: drying in the sun at high temperature, and drying the surface soil body into a standard mud shell; drying in the sun at a temperature higher than 20 deg.C for 3-5 days to form standard mud shell; the standard mud shell parameters are determined as follows: the thickness of the mud shell is 16.0-24.9 mm, and the hardness of the mud shell is 6.0-14.7 kg/cm3The volume weight is 1176kg/m3～1470kg/m3。
2. A method for treating a dust source by a solidification method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) sowing: spreading grass seeds on the surface of the soil body to be treated;
(2) micro-sprinkling irrigation: a micro-sprinkling irrigation system is adopted to simulate the rainfall intensity of heavy rain, so that the water content of the soil body to be treated reaches 18-24% of the solid limit water content; the rainfall intensity of heavy rain is simulated to be 28.9mm/12h in the micro-sprinkling irrigation step, and the rainfall time is 6 h; the infiltration depth of rainwater in the soil layer is 4.0-6.0 cm;
(3) placing: placing at high temperature while waiting for the grass seeds to sprout; forming standard mud shells on the treated soil body, and generating reticulate crazing cracks to destroy and form cracks after the standard mud shells are formed for a period of time, wherein the cracks are favorable for the growth of grass; in the placing step, the mud shell is aired for 3 to 5 days at the temperature of more than 20 ℃ to form a standard mud shell; the standard mud shell parameters are determined as follows: the thickness of the mud shell is 16.0-24.9 mm, and the hardness of the mud shell is 6.0-14.7 kg/cm3The volume weight is 1176kg/m3～1470kg/m3。
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1408960A (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2003-04-09 | 刘明宜 | Method for controlling sand storm |
| CN103806455A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-21 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Unsaturated sandy soil side slope low-carbon restoration and greening stabilization method |
| CN107237314A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-10-10 | 大连久鼎祥瑞特种工程技术研究院有限公司 | Change desert soil structure and the chemical method of ecological environment |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1408960A (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2003-04-09 | 刘明宜 | Method for controlling sand storm |
| CN103806455A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-21 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Unsaturated sandy soil side slope low-carbon restoration and greening stabilization method |
| CN107237314A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-10-10 | 大连久鼎祥瑞特种工程技术研究院有限公司 | Change desert soil structure and the chemical method of ecological environment |
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