CN107893178B - Preparation method of high-quality aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-quality aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN107893178B CN107893178B CN201711219300.9A CN201711219300A CN107893178B CN 107893178 B CN107893178 B CN 107893178B CN 201711219300 A CN201711219300 A CN 201711219300A CN 107893178 B CN107893178 B CN 107893178B
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-quality aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod, belonging to the preparation of a refiner. Adopts a frequency conversion induction furnace and a medium frequency induction furnace which are matched to produce the Al-Ti-B alloy, refines the aluminum liquid before feeding and adds a mixture of fluoride salt and a diffusant as TiAl in the alloying process3And TiB2Nucleating agent of particle, TiAl formed after alloying3And TiB2The particles are fine and are distributed more uniformly, and TiAl is eliminated3Particle formation into rods and TiB2Particle aggregation, and the dispersing agent is added into the fluorine salt mixture to effectively control TiAl3And TiB2The aggregation of particles and the mechanical stirring in the alloying process effectively prevent TiAl3And TiB2Particle growth and improvement of the separation and purification effect of fluoride salt slag and alloy, and through inspection and analysis, TiAl in the product produced by the method3And TiB2Small particle, even and dispersed distribution and extremely low slag content, and effectively solves the problem of TiAl of the continuous casting and rolling aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod in the current market3Big mass point, TiB2The particle is gathered, and the slag inclusion is serious, so that the refining capability in the aluminum alloy is poor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rods, and relates to a preparation method of a high-quality aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod.
Background
The thinning treatment of the aluminum and the aluminum alloy can reduce the alloy segregation and improve the mechanical property of the alloy. It has been proposed by sweden since 1969 that the use of a feeder to continuously feed a wire-like refiner into the launder of the melt outside the furnace, and the in-line addition of grain refiner has been widely used. The Al-Ti-B alloy rod is the grain refiner which is most widely applied in the Al industry in the world at present. But the continuous casting and rolling of the TiAl-Ti-B alloy rod in the current market3Big mass point, TiB2The particle aggregation and slag inclusion are serious, and the thinning capability in the aluminum alloy is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a high-quality aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rodThe preparation method solves the problems of the prior art that continuous casting and rolling TiAl of the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod on the market3Big mass point, TiB2The mass point aggregation and slag inclusion are serious, and the refining capability in the aluminum alloy is poor.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a preparation method of a high-quality aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod comprises the following steps:
(1) burdening and mixing: weighing potassium fluoborate, potassium fluotitanate and a diffusant according to the weight parts, and adding the potassium fluoborate, the potassium fluotitanate and the diffusant into a mixer to mix for 30min to prepare a villiaumite mixture;
(2) alloying in the first step: weighing aluminum ingots according to the weight parts, putting the aluminum ingots into a variable frequency induction furnace, heating to 700-780 ℃, adding a refining agent into molten aluminum to refine the molten aluminum, starting a mechanical stirrer and a feeder for the variable frequency induction furnace to uniformly add a fluoride salt mixture of 42% -56% into the molten aluminum of the variable frequency induction furnace, and stirring for 60-90 min to obtain an aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid;
(3) alloying in the second step: starting the variable frequency induction furnace and enabling the variable frequency induction furnace to be in a stirring frequency range, adjusting the power of the variable frequency induction furnace for stirring, starting the environment-friendly equipment and the stirring device, uniformly adding a 44% -58% fluorine salt mixture into molten aluminum of the variable frequency induction furnace through a feeder, wherein the feeding time is 10-30 min, the reaction temperature of the molten aluminum is 800-950 ℃ by adjusting the power and the feeding speed of the variable frequency induction furnace, and after the feeding is finished for 20-40 min; adjusting the power of a variable frequency induction furnace, keeping the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 800-950 ℃, continuing stirring for 10-20 min, switching the variable frequency induction furnace to a heating frequency band, keeping the temperature for 5-10 min, stopping the furnace, pouring a fluoride salt slag water layer on the upper layer in the furnace, adding a proper amount of slag cleaning agent into the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid, and removing floating slag on the surface of the alloy liquid after stirring uniformly;
(4) degassing and refining: transferring the metal liquid after slag removal into a refining casting furnace, starting a variable frequency induction furnace to reach the maximum power, heating to 800-1000 ℃, shoveling the furnace wall, performing rotary degassing by using a rotary degassing machine, adjusting the medium frequency induction furnace to be in a heat preservation state, degassing for 30-60 min, stopping degassing, closing the furnace, and removing dross on the surface of the alloy liquid;
(5) casting: and after cleaning, starting the medium-frequency induction furnace, stirring for 5-10 min with high current, heating to 800-900 ℃, adjusting the power of the furnace to keep the furnace in a heat preservation state, preparing for casting, adjusting the casting temperature to 800-900 ℃, the casting speed to 2-3 t/h, adjusting a cooling system to control the rolling temperature, and rolling to obtain the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod, wherein the rolling temperature is 450-550 ℃.
According to a further technical scheme, the weight ratio of potassium fluotitanate to potassium fluoborate to a refining agent to a slag removing agent to an aluminum ingot is 250-280: 120-140: 8-12: 8-12: 800 to 1000 parts of a first material, a second material,
the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3.2-4.8 parts of sodium chloride, 2.4-3.6 parts of potassium chloride, 2-3 parts of sodium fluosilicate and 0.4-0.6 part of calcium fluoride.
As a further technical scheme, the weight ratio of the diffusant to the aluminum ingot is 8-13: 800 to 1000.
As a further technical scheme, the dispersing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1.5-2.2 parts of sodium chloride, 1-1.6 parts of potassium chloride, 1-1.8 parts of magnesium chloride, 0.4-0.8 part of aluminum fluoride, 0.2-0.6 part of barium chloride, 0.5-1 part of cerium chloride, 3-4 parts of sodium fluoroaluminate and 0.4-1 part of calcium fluoride.
As a further technical scheme, the stirring speed of the mechanical stirrer in the step (3) is 200-500 r/min.
As a further technical scheme, the rotating speed of the rotary degasser in the step (4) is 250-350 r/min, the used gas is argon, and the gas pressure is 0.6-2.5 MPa.
The invention has the following using principle and beneficial effects:
the invention changes the traditional preparation method of the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod, adopts a variable frequency induction furnace and a medium frequency induction furnace to produce the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod, refines the aluminum liquid before feeding and adds a mixture of fluoride salt and diffusant as TiAl in the alloying process3And TiB2Nucleating agent of particle, TiAl formed after alloying3And TiB2The particles are fine and are distributed more uniformly, and TiAl is eliminated3Particle formation into rods and TiB2The particles are clustered. Adding into a fluorine salt mixtureThe diffusion agent is added to effectively control TiAl3And TiB2The aggregation of particles and the mechanical stirring in the alloying process effectively prevent TiAl3And TiB2The growth of particles and the separation and purification effect of the fluoride salt slag and the alloy are improved. Through inspection and analysis, TiAl in the product produced by the invention3And TiB2Small particle, even and dispersed distribution and extremely low slag content, and effectively solves the problem of TiAl of the continuous casting and rolling aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod in the current market3Coarse and large particles and TiB2The problems of poor refining capability of mass point aggregation and slag inclusion in the aluminum alloy are serious.
In order to select the optimal mixture ratio, the performances of the embodiments 1 to 6 are compared, and the grain refinement degree of the embodiment 6 without the addition of the dispersing agent is the worst, the grain refinement degree of the embodiments 4 to 5 is lower than that of the embodiments 1 to 3, and the grain refinement degree of the embodiment 3 in the embodiments 1 to 3 is relatively better than that of the other two. In order to further verify the performance of the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod prepared by the method, the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rods produced by two domestic manufacturers are selected and compared with the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rods prepared by the company by adopting the preparation method for producing the high-quality aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy. First, we have performed chemical composition measurement and comparison on three Al-Ti-B alloy rods, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE-chemical composition determination
Chemical components measured by comparing the three test objects meet the standard of the colored industry; the vanadium content of the product of the company, the domestic company 2 and the domestic company 1 is almost the same, and the titanium content is reduced in sequence; the product of the company is 4.89W (Ti)/W (B), 4.73W (Ti)/W (B) in the company 2 and 5.2W (Ti)/W (B) in the company 1, and the product of the company is closer to AlTi5B1Titanium to boron ratio.
Then, the crystal refining capability and the metallographic structure of the three samples are tested according to the standard YS/T447.1-2011, and the results are shown in FIGS. 1-6. Compare three kindsThe metallographic structure picture of the sample can be known, and the product TiAl produced by the domestic company 13 Size 183 μm, and uneven distribution, TiB2The agglomerate particle size is 42 μm and the distribution is not uniform, and more than 3 agglomerates are formed; the AlTi-B alloy rod has a metallographic structure in AlTi5B1(B) Within the standard range. TiAl product produced by domestic company 23Size of 72 μm, uniform distribution in the standard range, TiB2The size of the agglomerate point is 23 μm; the AlTi-B alloy rod has a metallographic structure in AlTi5B1(A) Within the standard range. TiAl product of the company3Size of 35 μm, uniform distribution, TiB2The size of the agglomerate points is 13 mu m, and the agglomerate points are uniformly distributed; the AlTi-B alloy rod has a metallographic structure in AlTi5B1(A) Within the standard range. Therefore, only products produced by the domestic company 1 appear TiAl3Non-uniform particle distribution, TiB2Agglomeration of agglomerated particles; the products produced by the domestic company 2 and the company (Jingbao new metal) do not have the phenomenon. TiAl of products produced by domestic company 23Size and TiB2The agglomerate particle size is larger than that of the product produced by the company (Jingbao new metal), namely the grain refining capability is lower than that of the product produced by the company (Jingbao new metal).
Comparing the grain refinement pictures of the three samples, the average diameter of the surface grains of the product refinement capability sample produced by the domestic company 1 is less than or equal to 280 microns; the crystal refining capability of the Al-Ti-B alloy rod is in AlTi5B1(B) Within the standard range. The average diameter of the surface crystal grains of the product refinement ability sample produced by the domestic company 2 is less than or equal to 196 mu m; the crystal refining capability of the Al-Ti-B alloy rod is in AlTi5B1(A) Within the standard range. The average diameter of crystal grains on the surface of a sample with the product refining capability of the company (crystal new metal) is less than or equal to 150 mu m; the crystal refining capability of the Al-Ti-B alloy rod is in AlTi5B1(A) Within the standard range. The result of the refining capacity detection is consistent with that observed by the metallographic structure, and the correctness of the metallographic structure and the result of the refining capacity detection is further verified.
The analysis on the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rods of various companies shows that the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rods prepared by the method provided by the invention have uniform tissue distribution and no cluster aggregation, the average diameter of crystal grains on the surface of a refinement capability sample is less than or equal to 150 mu m, the appearance, the size and the distribution of internal particles uniformly reach the level of foreign similar products, and the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rods have good refinement effect on the crystal grains of wrought aluminum alloys and cast aluminum alloys. The side preparation method provided by the invention can effectively refine the grains of the cast aluminum alloy and the wrought aluminum alloy and prevent the generation of coarse isometric crystals, columnar crystals and feather crystals; the feeding is facilitated, and the internal and surface quality of the aluminum alloy is improved; the composition segregation is reduced, the heat treatment is easy, and the mechanical property is improved; the air tightness of the alloy is improved, and the fine grains enable the micro shrinkage porosity to be uniformly distributed; the thermal stress caused by solidification shrinkage is reduced, and the thermal cracking is reduced; the cutting processing performance is improved, the vibration of a cutter is reduced, the surface of a casting is smooth, and the service life of the cutter is long; the surface treatment process performance is improved, the crystal grains are fine, and the surface polishing and cathode printing treatment are easy to realize; convenient use, no halide, no corrosion to casting equipment and no environmental pollution. The method is mainly suitable for grain refinement of aluminum and aluminum alloy, obviously improves the strength and plasticity of the aluminum material or casting, and improves the comprehensive mechanical property; the rejection rate is reduced, the surface quality can be obviously improved, and the oxidation coloring uniformity and the brightness of the section are improved; the addition is simple and convenient, and the titanium and boron are not lost. The aluminum alloy is widely applied to high-end aluminum product industries such as aluminum castings, aluminum profiles, aluminum cables, aluminum foil, aerospace and the like.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the metallographic structure of an Al-Ti-B alloy rod produced by a domestic company 1 multiplied by 100;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the metallographic structure of an Al-Ti-B alloy rod produced by the domestic company 2 multiplied by 100;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the metallographic structure of an Al-Ti-B alloy rod produced by this company, multiplied by 100;
FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of the grain size of the Al-Ti-B alloy rod produced by the domestic company 1;
FIG. 5 is a distribution diagram of the grain size of the Al-Ti-B alloy rod produced by the domestic company 2;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the distribution of grains of Al-Ti-B alloy rods produced by this company.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Burdening and mixing: weighing 120 parts of potassium fluoborate, 250 parts of potassium fluotitanate and 8 parts of dispersing agent according to the parts by weight, and adding the three into a mixer to mix for 30min to prepare a fluorine salt mixture;
(2) alloying in the first step: weighing aluminum ingots according to the weight parts, putting the aluminum ingots into a variable frequency induction electric furnace, heating to 700 ℃, adding 8 parts of refining agent into the aluminum liquid to refine the aluminum liquid, starting a mechanical stirrer and a feeder for the variable frequency induction electric furnace to uniformly add 42% of fluorine salt mixture into the aluminum liquid of the variable frequency induction electric furnace, and stirring for 60min to obtain an aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid;
(3) alloying in the second step: starting the variable frequency induction furnace and enabling the variable frequency induction furnace to be in a stirring frequency band (positive, square frequency band: sub/5 min), adjusting the power of the variable frequency induction furnace for stirring, starting the environment-friendly equipment and the stirring device, uniformly adding a 58% fluorine salt mixture into molten aluminum of the variable frequency induction furnace through a feeder, wherein the feeding time is 10min, the reaction temperature of the molten aluminum is 800 ℃ by adjusting the power and the feeding speed of the variable frequency induction furnace, and after the feeding is finished for 20 min; adjusting the power of a variable frequency induction furnace, keeping the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 800 ℃, continuing stirring for 10min, switching the variable frequency induction furnace to a heating frequency band, keeping the temperature for 5min, stopping the furnace, pouring out a fluoride salt slag water layer on the upper layer in the furnace, adding 8 parts of a slag removing agent into the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid, and removing scum on the surface of the alloy liquid after stirring uniformly;
(4) degassing and refining: transferring the metal liquid after slag removal into a refining casting furnace, starting a variable frequency induction furnace to reach the maximum power, heating to 800 ℃, shoveling the furnace wall, performing rotary degassing by using a rotary degassing machine, adjusting the medium frequency induction furnace to be in a heat preservation state, stopping degassing after 30min, shutting down the furnace, and removing dross on the surface of the alloy liquid;
(5) casting: and after cleaning, starting the medium-frequency induction furnace, stirring for 5min at a high current, heating to 800 ℃, adjusting the power of the furnace to keep the furnace in a heat-preservation state, preparing for casting, wherein the casting temperature is 800 ℃, the casting speed is 2-3 t/h, adjusting the rolling temperature of a cooling system, and the rolling temperature is 450 ℃ to roll the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod.
Wherein the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3.2 parts of sodium chloride, 2.4 parts of potassium chloride, 2 parts of sodium fluosilicate and 0.4 part of calcium fluoride. The dispersing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 parts of sodium chloride, 1 part of potassium chloride, 1 part of magnesium chloride, 0.4 part of aluminum fluoride, 0.2 part of barium chloride, 0.5 part of cerium chloride, 3 parts of sodium fluoroaluminate and 0.4 part of calcium fluoride. And (4) stirring speed of the mechanical stirrer in the step (3) is 200 r/min. And (4) rotating the rotary degasser at a rotating speed of 250r/min in the step (4), wherein the used gas is argon and the gas pressure is 0.6 MPa.
Example 2
(1) Burdening and mixing: weighing 140 parts of potassium fluoborate, 280 parts of potassium fluotitanate and 13 parts of dispersing agent according to the parts by weight, and adding the three into a mixer to mix for 30min to prepare a fluorine salt mixture;
(2) alloying in the first step: weighing aluminum ingots according to the weight parts, putting the aluminum ingots into a variable frequency induction furnace, heating to 780 ℃, adding 12 parts of refining agent into the aluminum liquid to refine the aluminum liquid, starting a mechanical stirrer and a feeder for the variable frequency induction furnace to uniformly add a 56% fluorine salt mixture into the aluminum liquid of the variable frequency induction furnace, and stirring for 90min to obtain an aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid;
(3) alloying in the second step: starting the variable frequency induction furnace and enabling the variable frequency induction furnace to be in a stirring frequency band (positive, square frequency band: sub/5 min), adjusting the power of the variable frequency induction furnace for stirring, starting the environment-friendly equipment and the stirring device, uniformly adding a 44% fluorine salt mixture into molten aluminum of the variable frequency induction furnace through a feeder, wherein the feeding time is 30min, the reaction temperature of the molten aluminum is 950 ℃ by adjusting the power and the feeding speed of the variable frequency induction furnace, and finishing the feeding for 40 min; adjusting the power of a variable frequency induction furnace, keeping the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 950 ℃, continuing stirring for 20min, switching the variable frequency induction furnace to a heating frequency band, keeping the temperature for 10min, stopping the furnace, pouring out a fluoride salt slag water layer on the upper layer in the furnace, adding 12 parts of a slag remover into the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid, and removing scum on the surface of the alloy liquid after stirring uniformly;
(4) degassing and refining: transferring the metal liquid after slag removal into a refining casting furnace, starting a variable frequency induction furnace to reach the maximum power, heating to 1000 ℃, shoveling the furnace wall, performing rotary degassing by using a rotary degassing machine, adjusting the medium frequency induction furnace to be in a heat preservation state, stopping degassing after 60min, shutting down the furnace, and removing dross on the surface of the alloy liquid;
(5) casting: and after cleaning, starting the medium-frequency induction furnace, stirring for 10min at a high current, heating to 900 ℃, adjusting the power of the furnace to keep the furnace in a heat-preservation state, preparing for casting, wherein the casting temperature is 900 ℃, the casting speed is 3t/h, adjusting a cooling system to control the rolling temperature, and the rolling temperature is 480 ℃, and rolling into the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod.
Wherein the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4.8 parts of sodium chloride, 3.6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of sodium fluosilicate and 0.6 part of calcium fluoride. The dispersing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.2 parts of sodium chloride, 1.6 parts of potassium chloride, 1.8 parts of magnesium chloride, 0.8 part of aluminum fluoride, 0.6 part of barium chloride, 1 part of cerium chloride, 4 parts of sodium fluoroaluminate and 1 part of calcium fluoride. And (3) stirring speed of the mechanical stirrer in the step (3) is 500 r/min. In the step (4), the rotating speed of the rotary degasser is 350r/min, the used gas is argon, and the gas pressure is 2.5 MPa.
Example 3
(1) Burdening and mixing: weighing 130 parts of potassium fluoborate, 265 parts of potassium fluotitanate and 10 parts of dispersing agent according to the parts by weight, and adding the three into a mixer to mix for 30min to prepare a villiaumite mixture;
(2) alloying in the first step: weighing aluminum ingots according to the weight parts, putting the aluminum ingots into a variable frequency induction electric furnace, heating to 745 ℃, adding 10 parts of refining agent into the aluminum liquid to refine the aluminum liquid, starting a mechanical stirrer and a feeder for the variable frequency induction electric furnace to uniformly add 50% of fluorine salt mixture into the aluminum liquid of the variable frequency induction electric furnace, and stirring for 75min to obtain aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid;
(3) alloying in the second step: starting the variable frequency induction furnace and enabling the variable frequency induction furnace to be in a stirring frequency band (positive, square frequency band: sub/5 min), adjusting the power of the variable frequency induction furnace for stirring, starting the environment-friendly equipment and the stirring device, uniformly adding a 50% fluorine salt mixture into molten aluminum of the variable frequency induction furnace through a feeder, wherein the feeding time is 20min, the reaction temperature of the molten aluminum is 900 ℃ by adjusting the power and the feeding speed of the variable frequency induction furnace, and after the feeding is finished for 30 min; adjusting the power of a variable frequency induction furnace, keeping the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 900 ℃, continuing stirring for 15min, switching the variable frequency induction furnace to a heating frequency band, keeping the temperature for 7min, stopping the furnace, pouring out a fluoride salt slag water layer on the upper layer in the furnace, adding 10 parts of a slag removing agent into the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid, and removing scum on the surface of the alloy liquid after stirring uniformly;
(4) degassing and refining: transferring the metal liquid after slag removal into a refining casting furnace, starting a variable frequency induction furnace to reach the maximum power, heating to 900 ℃, shoveling the furnace wall, performing rotary degassing by using a rotary degassing machine, adjusting the medium frequency induction furnace to be in a heat preservation state, stopping degassing after 45min, shutting down the furnace, and removing dross on the surface of the alloy liquid;
(5) casting: and after cleaning, starting the medium-frequency induction furnace, stirring for 7min at a high current, heating to 850 ℃, adjusting the power of the furnace to keep the furnace in a heat-preservation state, preparing for casting, wherein the casting temperature is 800-900 ℃, the casting speed is 2.5t/h, the rolling temperature is controlled by adjusting a cooling system, the rolling temperature is 500 ℃, and the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod is rolled.
Wherein the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of sodium chloride, 3 parts of potassium chloride, 2.5 parts of sodium fluosilicate and 0.5 part of calcium fluoride. The dispersing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.8 parts of sodium chloride, 1.3 parts of potassium chloride, 1.4 parts of magnesium chloride, 0.6 part of aluminum fluoride, 0.4 part of barium chloride, 0.7 part of cerium chloride, 3.5 parts of sodium fluoroaluminate and 0.7 part of calcium fluoride. And (4) stirring speed of the mechanical stirrer in the step (3) is 400 r/min. And (4) rotating the rotary degasser at a rotating speed of 300r/min, wherein the used gas is argon and the gas pressure is 1.7 MPa.
Example 4
(1) Burdening and mixing: weighing 130 parts of potassium fluoborate, 265 parts of potassium fluotitanate and 6 parts of dispersing agent according to the parts by weight, and adding the three into a mixer to mix for 30min to prepare a villiaumite mixture;
(2) alloying in the first step: weighing aluminum ingots according to the weight parts, putting the aluminum ingots into a variable frequency induction electric furnace, heating to 745 ℃, adding 10 parts of refining agent into the aluminum liquid to refine the aluminum liquid, starting a mechanical stirrer and a feeder for the variable frequency induction electric furnace to uniformly add 50% of fluorine salt mixture into the aluminum liquid of the variable frequency induction electric furnace, and stirring for 75min to obtain aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid;
(3) alloying in the second step: starting the variable frequency induction furnace and enabling the variable frequency induction furnace to be in a stirring frequency band (positive, square frequency band: sub/5 min), adjusting the power of the variable frequency induction furnace for stirring, starting the environment-friendly equipment and the stirring device, uniformly adding a 50% fluorine salt mixture into molten aluminum of the variable frequency induction furnace through a feeder, wherein the feeding time is 20min, the reaction temperature of the molten aluminum is 900 ℃ by adjusting the power and the feeding speed of the variable frequency induction furnace, and after the feeding is finished for 30 min; adjusting the power of a variable frequency induction furnace, keeping the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 900 ℃, continuing stirring for 15min, switching the variable frequency induction furnace to a heating frequency band, keeping the temperature for 7min, stopping the furnace, pouring out a fluoride salt slag water layer on the upper layer in the furnace, adding 10 parts of a slag removing agent into the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid, and removing scum on the surface of the alloy liquid after stirring uniformly;
(4) degassing and refining: transferring the metal liquid after slag removal into a refining casting furnace, starting a variable frequency induction furnace to reach the maximum power, heating to 900 ℃, shoveling the furnace wall, performing rotary degassing by using a rotary degassing machine, adjusting the medium frequency induction furnace to be in a heat preservation state, stopping degassing after 45min, shutting down the furnace, and removing dross on the surface of the alloy liquid;
(5) casting: and after cleaning, starting the medium-frequency induction furnace, stirring for 7min at a high current, heating to 850 ℃, adjusting the power of the furnace to keep the furnace in a heat-preservation state, preparing for casting, wherein the casting temperature is 800-900 ℃, the casting speed is 2.5t/h, the rolling temperature is controlled by adjusting a cooling system, the rolling temperature is 500 ℃, and the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod is rolled.
Wherein the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of sodium chloride, 3 parts of potassium chloride, 2.5 parts of sodium fluosilicate and 0.5 part of calcium fluoride. The dispersing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.8 parts of sodium chloride, 1.3 parts of potassium chloride, 1.4 parts of magnesium chloride, 0.6 part of aluminum fluoride, 0.4 part of barium chloride, 0.7 part of cerium chloride, 3.5 parts of sodium fluoroaluminate and 0.7 part of calcium fluoride. And (4) stirring speed of the mechanical stirrer in the step (3) is 400 r/min. And (4) rotating the rotary degasser at a rotating speed of 300r/min, wherein the used gas is argon and the gas pressure is 1.7 MPa.
Example 5
(1) Burdening and mixing: weighing 130 parts of potassium fluoborate, 265 parts of potassium fluotitanate and 15 parts of dispersing agent according to the parts by weight, and adding the three into a mixer to mix for 30min to prepare a villiaumite mixture;
(2) alloying in the first step: weighing aluminum ingots according to the weight parts, putting the aluminum ingots into a variable frequency induction electric furnace, heating to 745 ℃, adding 10 parts of refining agent into the aluminum liquid to refine the aluminum liquid, starting a mechanical stirrer and a feeder for the variable frequency induction electric furnace to uniformly add 50% of fluorine salt mixture into the aluminum liquid of the variable frequency induction electric furnace, and stirring for 75min to obtain aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid;
(3) alloying in the second step: starting the variable frequency induction furnace and enabling the variable frequency induction furnace to be in a stirring frequency band (positive, square frequency band: sub/5 min), adjusting the power of the variable frequency induction furnace for stirring, starting the environment-friendly equipment and the stirring device, uniformly adding a 50% fluorine salt mixture into molten aluminum of the variable frequency induction furnace through a feeder, wherein the feeding time is 20min, the reaction temperature of the molten aluminum is 900 ℃ by adjusting the power and the feeding speed of the variable frequency induction furnace, and after the feeding is finished for 30 min; adjusting the power of a variable frequency induction furnace, keeping the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 900 ℃, continuing stirring for 15min, switching the variable frequency induction furnace to a heating frequency band, keeping the temperature for 7min, stopping the furnace, pouring out a fluoride salt slag water layer on the upper layer in the furnace, adding 10 parts of a slag removing agent into the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid, and removing scum on the surface of the alloy liquid after stirring uniformly;
(4) degassing and refining: transferring the metal liquid after slag removal into a refining casting furnace, starting a variable frequency induction furnace to reach the maximum power, heating to 900 ℃, shoveling the furnace wall, performing rotary degassing by using a rotary degassing machine, adjusting the medium frequency induction furnace to be in a heat preservation state, stopping degassing after 45min, shutting down the furnace, and removing dross on the surface of the alloy liquid;
(5) casting: and after cleaning, starting the medium-frequency induction furnace, stirring for 7min at a high current, heating to 850 ℃, adjusting the power of the furnace to keep the furnace in a heat-preservation state, preparing for casting, wherein the casting temperature is 800-900 ℃, the casting speed is 2.5t/h, the rolling temperature is controlled by adjusting a cooling system, the rolling temperature is 500 ℃, and the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod is rolled.
Wherein the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of sodium chloride, 3 parts of potassium chloride, 2.5 parts of sodium fluosilicate and 0.5 part of calcium fluoride. The dispersing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.8 parts of sodium chloride, 1.3 parts of potassium chloride, 1.4 parts of magnesium chloride, 0.6 part of aluminum fluoride, 0.4 part of barium chloride, 0.7 part of cerium chloride, 3.5 parts of sodium fluoroaluminate and 0.7 part of calcium fluoride. And (4) stirring speed of the mechanical stirrer in the step (3) is 400 r/min. And (4) rotating the rotary degasser at a rotating speed of 300r/min, wherein the used gas is argon and the gas pressure is 1.7 MPa.
Example 6
(1) Burdening and mixing: weighing 130 parts of potassium fluoborate and 265 parts of potassium fluotitanate according to the parts by weight, and adding the two into a mixer to mix for 30min to prepare a villiaumite mixture;
(2) alloying in the first step: weighing aluminum ingots according to the weight parts, putting the aluminum ingots into a variable frequency induction electric furnace, heating to 745 ℃, adding 10 parts of refining agent into the aluminum liquid to refine the aluminum liquid, starting a mechanical stirrer and a feeder for the variable frequency induction electric furnace to uniformly add 50% of fluorine salt mixture into the aluminum liquid of the variable frequency induction electric furnace, and stirring for 75min to obtain aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid;
(3) alloying in the second step: starting the variable frequency induction furnace and enabling the variable frequency induction furnace to be in a stirring frequency band (positive, square frequency band: sub/5 min), adjusting the power of the variable frequency induction furnace for stirring, starting the environment-friendly equipment and the stirring device, uniformly adding a 50% fluorine salt mixture into molten aluminum of the variable frequency induction furnace through a feeder, wherein the feeding time is 20min, the reaction temperature of the molten aluminum is 900 ℃ by adjusting the power and the feeding speed of the variable frequency induction furnace, and after the feeding is finished for 30 min; adjusting the power of a variable frequency induction furnace, keeping the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 900 ℃, continuing stirring for 15min, switching the variable frequency induction furnace to a heating frequency band, keeping the temperature for 7min, stopping the furnace, pouring out a fluoride salt slag water layer on the upper layer in the furnace, adding 10 parts of a slag removing agent into the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid, and removing scum on the surface of the alloy liquid after stirring uniformly;
(4) degassing and refining: transferring the metal liquid after slag removal into a refining casting furnace, starting a variable frequency induction furnace to reach the maximum power, heating to 900 ℃, shoveling the furnace wall, performing rotary degassing by using a rotary degassing machine, adjusting the medium frequency induction furnace to be in a heat preservation state, stopping degassing after 45min, shutting down the furnace, and removing dross on the surface of the alloy liquid;
(5) casting: and after cleaning, starting the medium-frequency induction furnace, stirring for 7min at a high current, heating to 850 ℃, adjusting the power of the furnace to keep the furnace in a heat-preservation state, preparing for casting, wherein the casting temperature is 800-900 ℃, the casting speed is 2.5t/h, the rolling temperature is controlled by adjusting a cooling system, the rolling temperature is 500 ℃, and the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod is rolled.
Wherein the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of sodium chloride, 3 parts of potassium chloride, 2.5 parts of sodium fluosilicate and 0.5 part of calcium fluoride. And (4) stirring speed of the mechanical stirrer in the step (3) is 400 r/min. And (4) rotating the rotary degasser at a rotating speed of 300r/min, wherein the used gas is argon and the gas pressure is 1.7 MPa.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a high-quality aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) burdening and mixing: weighing potassium fluoborate, potassium fluotitanate and a diffusant according to the weight parts, and adding the potassium fluoborate, the potassium fluotitanate and the diffusant into a mixer to mix for 30min to prepare a villiaumite mixture; the dispersing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1.5-2.2 parts of sodium chloride, 1-1.6 parts of potassium chloride, 1-1.8 parts of magnesium chloride, 0.4-0.8 part of aluminum fluoride, 0.2-0.6 part of barium chloride, 0.5-1 part of cerium chloride, 3-4 parts of sodium fluoroaluminate and 0.4-1 part of calcium fluoride;
(2) alloying in the first step: weighing aluminum ingots according to the weight parts, putting the aluminum ingots into a variable frequency induction furnace, heating to 700-780 ℃, adding a refining agent into molten aluminum to refine the molten aluminum, starting a mechanical stirrer and a feeder for the variable frequency induction furnace to uniformly add a fluoride salt mixture of 42% -56% into the molten aluminum of the variable frequency induction furnace, and stirring for 60-90 min to obtain an aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid;
(3) alloying in the second step: starting the variable frequency induction furnace and enabling the variable frequency induction furnace to be in a stirring frequency range, adjusting the power of the variable frequency induction furnace for stirring, starting the environment-friendly equipment and the stirring device, uniformly adding a 44% -58% fluorine salt mixture into molten aluminum of the variable frequency induction furnace through a feeder, wherein the feeding time is 10-30 min, the reaction temperature of the molten aluminum is 800-950 ℃ by adjusting the power and the feeding speed of the variable frequency induction furnace, and after the feeding is finished for 20-40 min; adjusting the power of a variable frequency induction furnace, keeping the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 800-950 ℃, continuing stirring for 10-20 min, switching the variable frequency induction furnace to a heating frequency band, keeping the temperature for 5-10 min, stopping the furnace, pouring a fluoride salt slag water layer on the upper layer in the furnace, adding a proper amount of slag cleaning agent into the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy liquid, and removing floating slag on the surface of the alloy liquid after stirring uniformly;
(4) degassing and refining: transferring the metal liquid after slag removal into a refining casting furnace, starting a variable frequency induction furnace to reach the maximum power, heating to 800-1000 ℃, shoveling the furnace wall, performing rotary degassing by using a rotary degassing machine, adjusting the medium frequency induction furnace to be in a heat preservation state, degassing for 30-60 min, stopping degassing, closing the furnace, and removing dross on the surface of the alloy liquid;
(5) casting: and after cleaning, starting the medium-frequency induction furnace, stirring for 5-10 min with high current, heating to 800-900 ℃, adjusting the power of the furnace to keep the furnace in a heat preservation state, preparing for casting, adjusting the casting temperature to 800-900 ℃, the casting speed to 2-3 t/h, adjusting a cooling system to control the rolling temperature, and rolling to obtain the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod, wherein the rolling temperature is 450-550 ℃.
2. The method for preparing a high-quality aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the potassium fluotitanate to the potassium fluoborate to the refining agent to the slag remover to the aluminum ingot is 250-280: 120-140: 8-12: 8-12: 800 to 1000 parts of a first material, a second material,
the slag remover comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3.2-4.8 parts of sodium chloride, 2.4-3.6 parts of potassium chloride, 2-3 parts of sodium fluosilicate and 0.4-0.6 part of calcium fluoride.
3. The method for preparing a high-quality aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod according to claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the dispersing agent to the aluminum ingot is 8-13: 800 to 1000.
4. The method for preparing a high-quality Al-Ti-B alloy rod according to claim 3, wherein the stirring speed of the mechanical stirrer in the step (3) is 200-500 r/min.
5. The method for preparing the high-quality aluminum-titanium-boron alloy rod according to claim 4, wherein the rotating speed of the rotary degasser in the step (4) is 250-350 r/min, the used gas is argon, and the gas pressure is 0.6-2.5 MPa.
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| CN1073486A (en) * | 1991-12-16 | 1993-06-23 | 东北工学院 | The aluminum or aluminum alloy slag remover for refining |
| CN101514414A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2009-08-26 | 毕祥玉 | Al-Ti-B master alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102031403A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-04-27 | 湖南金联星冶金材料技术有限公司 | Method for manufacturing refined high cleanliness Al-Ti-B alloy |
| CN104651646A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-27 | 江苏华企铝业科技有限公司 | Aluminum-titanium-boron alloy produced by virtue of multi-frequency induction furnace and production process of alloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1073486A (en) * | 1991-12-16 | 1993-06-23 | 东北工学院 | The aluminum or aluminum alloy slag remover for refining |
| CN101514414A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2009-08-26 | 毕祥玉 | Al-Ti-B master alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102031403A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-04-27 | 湖南金联星冶金材料技术有限公司 | Method for manufacturing refined high cleanliness Al-Ti-B alloy |
| CN104651646A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-27 | 江苏华企铝业科技有限公司 | Aluminum-titanium-boron alloy produced by virtue of multi-frequency induction furnace and production process of alloy |
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