CN107887671B - All-weather effective thermal management system for lithium ion battery pack - Google Patents
All-weather effective thermal management system for lithium ion battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN107887671B CN107887671B CN201610877704.6A CN201610877704A CN107887671B CN 107887671 B CN107887671 B CN 107887671B CN 201610877704 A CN201610877704 A CN 201610877704A CN 107887671 B CN107887671 B CN 107887671B
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- lithium ion
- ion battery
- battery pack
- heat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses an all-weather effective thermal management system for a lithium ion battery pack, which comprises a battery box, the lithium ion battery pack which is arranged in the battery box and consists of the lithium ion battery pack, a thermal insulation material filled in the inner wall of the battery box and a heat conduction sleeve arranged between the lithium ion batteries, wherein the heat conduction sleeve is filled with a phase change material or a heat pipe, the heat conduction sleeve filled with the phase change material and the heat conduction sleeve filled with the heat pipe are alternately and uniformly arranged, and the top of the heat pipe is provided with a fin. The lithium ion battery pack has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, convenient use and good adaptability, can effectively improve the charge and discharge performance of the lithium ion battery pack in a low-temperature environment and the thermal safety in a high-temperature environment, and can better ensure the temperature consistency of single batteries.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of lithium ion battery pack thermal management, in particular to an all-weather effective thermal management system for a lithium ion battery pack.
Background art:
the lithium ion battery is used as a new generation of green energy, has the advantages of high energy density, no memory effect, environmental friendliness and the like, is widely applied to the field of portable electronic products, and shows great application potential in the fields of power batteries and energy storage batteries along with the development of the society.
The optimum working temperature of the lithium ion battery is 20-30 ℃, and the lithium ion battery is often subjected to extreme environments such as low temperature, high temperature and the like in the use process along with the continuous expansion of the application field. The charge and discharge performance of the lithium ion battery is greatly reduced in a low-temperature environment, and the application range of the lithium ion battery is severely limited. The discharge capacity of the lithium ion battery is remarkably reduced in a low-temperature environment, and the discharge capacity of the lithium ion battery is only 31.5% of that of the lithium ion battery at the normal temperature at the temperature of-20 ℃ and only 12% of that of the lithium ion battery at the normal temperature at the temperature of-40 ℃ according to the report. At higher working temperature, the electrode material and the electrolyte are easy to generate side reaction, the capacity of the lithium ion battery is rapidly attenuated, and the service life of the battery is obviously shortened. At a certain temperature, the metal oxide of the positive electrode may decompose, and the released oxygen reacts with the flammable electrolyte and releases heat; the chemical activity of the negative electrode embedded graphite is close to that of metal lithium, and the negative electrode embedded graphite and the electrolyte and the adhesive can generate chemical reaction and release heat; the organic electrolyte itself inside the battery may also decompose and give off heat. In the event of overheating, the temperature rise inside the battery may promote the above exothermic reaction, and if the battery is designed to have defects or the thermal management strategy is not proper, the battery may have thermal runaway conditions, fire, combustion or even explosion, and the like, thereby causing a more harmful accident.
In addition, in the working process of the lithium ion battery pack, the temperature of the single batteries is inconsistent due to different temperature environments and different heat dissipation conditions of the single batteries. Due to the fact that the output force of the battery is different under different temperature states, the discharge capacity and the battery voltage among the single batteries are further inconsistent, and the overall service life of the lithium ion battery pack is shortened.
Typical lithium ion battery thermal management systems only consider battery heat dissipation; however, during cold seasons and at low ambient temperatures, warm-up start-up, and warm-up after shutdown (or even while running) of the battery may be desirable. Therefore, the development of the all-weather effective thermal management system of the lithium battery pack has important significance for safe and efficient use of the lithium ion battery.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide an all-weather effective thermal management system of a lithium ion battery pack, which has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, convenient use and good adaptability, can effectively improve the charge and discharge performance of the lithium ion battery pack in a low-temperature environment and the thermal safety in a high-temperature environment, can better ensure the temperature consistency of single batteries, enables the lithium ion battery pack to work normally in the low-temperature environment and the high-temperature environment, and solves the problems that the charge and discharge performance of the lithium ion battery pack is reduced at low temperature, thermal safety accidents are easy to occur at high temperature and the service life of the lithium ion battery pack is short due to the temperature inconsistency of the single batteries during working caused by the influence of the environmental temperature of.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the system comprises a battery box, a lithium ion battery pack which is arranged in the battery box and consists of the lithium ion battery pack, a heat insulation material filled in the inner wall of the battery box, and a heat conduction sleeve arranged between the lithium ion batteries, wherein the heat conduction sleeve is filled with a phase change material or a heat pipe, the heat conduction sleeve filled with the phase change material and the heat conduction sleeve filled with the heat pipe are alternately and uniformly arranged, and fins are arranged at the top of the heat pipe.
The heat pipe and the fins arranged on the top of the heat pipe form a heat pipe radiating system.
Preferably, the working temperature of the heat pipe is within the working temperature range of the lithium ion battery; the fins have the characteristics of low density, easiness in processing and the like.
The fins can be fixed in size and fastened and assembled, can be flexibly telescopic or detachable in size, and can better meet the heat dissipation or heat preservation requirements of batteries under different conditions.
The fins are made of metal material with good heat conduction, and are in the shapes of rings, sunshades, squares and the like.
The lithium ion battery is cylindrical or square.
The heat conduction sleeve is a hollow sleeve made of heat conduction materials, and preferably, the heat conduction sleeve is made of metal materials with good heat conduction effects and corrosion resistance.
The phase-change material has the characteristics of small volume change, low density, phase-change temperature within the working temperature range of the lithium ion battery and the like. The phase-change material is selected from one of paraffin, polyolefin, higher fatty acid and alcohol, preferably paraffin, and the phase-change temperature of the paraffin is in the range of 0-80 ℃.
Preferably, the insulating material has good insulating properties and a low density.
The battery case is the box body that plays support guard action that insulating material prepared, and preferably, battery case box body material is the material that has higher intensity, has better insulating properties and has better thermal-insulated effect.
The heat insulation material filled in the inner wall of the battery box is used for heat insulation of the lithium ion battery pack. The heat preservation or heat dissipation system formed by the heat preservation material filled in the inner wall of the battery box and the phase change material filled between the lithium ion batteries or the heat conduction sleeve of the heat pipe is used for preserving heat or dissipating heat of the lithium ion battery pack, so that all-weather effective heat management of the lithium ion battery pack is realized.
Under the working condition of heat dissipation, the phase-change material in the heat conduction sleeve absorbs heat, so that the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack is reduced; meanwhile, the fins are arranged on the top of the heat pipe, and heat dissipation is enhanced through the heat pipe.
Under the working condition of heat preservation, the phase-change material releases heat to maintain the temperature of the lithium ion battery; in addition, the fins at the top of the heat pipe are disassembled, so that the heat loss is reduced.
The heat conducting sleeves filled with the phase-change materials and the heat conducting sleeves filled with the heat pipes are alternately and uniformly arranged, so that the temperature consistency of the single batteries in the lithium ion battery pack can be ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the structure is simple, the manufacture is easy, the use is convenient, and the applicability is good;
(2) for a battery pack consisting of cylindrical lithium ion batteries, the heat conducting sleeves and the like are arranged in gaps among the batteries, so that the volume of the battery pack is not additionally increased;
(3) the working temperature of the lithium ion battery pack is maintained, the problem that the lithium ion battery pack is influenced by the environmental temperature is effectively solved, the influence of the external temperature on the performance is reduced, and the thermal safety is improved;
(4) the service life of the lithium ion battery pack under an extreme environment is prolonged;
(5) the temperature consistency among the single batteries in the battery pack is effectively ensured, and the service life of the lithium ion battery pack is prolonged.
In a word, the lithium ion battery pack has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, convenient use and good adaptability, can effectively improve the charge and discharge performance of the lithium ion battery pack in a low-temperature environment and the thermal safety in a high-temperature environment, can better ensure the temperature consistency of the single batteries, can normally work in the low-temperature and high-temperature environments, and solves the problems that the charge and discharge performance of the lithium ion battery pack is reduced at low temperature, thermal safety accidents are easy to occur at high temperature and the service life of the lithium ion battery pack is short due to the temperature inconsistency of the single batteries during working caused by the influence of the environmental temperature in the lithium ion battery pack in the prior.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a system of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a system according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an assembly view of a heat pipe-filling heat conductive sleeve according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a metal heat-conducting sleeve according to embodiment 1 of the present invention; 11, a heat pipe; 12. a fin; 13. a cylindrical lithium ion battery; 14. a heat conducting sleeve; 15. a phase change material; 16. a thermal insulation material; 17. a battery case.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a system according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an assembly view of a heat pipe-filling heat conductive sleeve according to embodiment 2 of the present invention; 21, a heat pipe; 22. a fin; 23. a square lithium ion battery; 24. a heat conducting sleeve; 25. a phase change material; 26. a thermal insulation material; 27. a battery case.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following is a further description of the invention and is not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
the system comprises a battery box 17, a lithium ion battery pack which is placed in the battery box 17 and consists of cylindrical lithium ion batteries 13, a heat insulation material 16 which is filled in a gap between the inner wall of the battery box 17 and the lithium ion battery pack, and a heat conduction sleeve 14 which is arranged between the cylindrical lithium ion batteries 13, wherein the heat conduction sleeve 14 is filled with a phase change material 15 or a heat pipe 11, the heat conduction sleeve 14 filled with the phase change material 15 and the heat conduction sleeve 14 filled with the heat pipe 11 are alternately and uniformly arranged, and the top of the heat pipe 11 is provided with a detachable fin 12.
The heat pipe 11 and the fin 12 arranged on the top of the heat pipe 11 form a heat pipe heat dissipation system.
The heat conductive sleeves 14 are disposed in the gaps between the cylindrical lithium ion batteries 13 without increasing the volume of the battery pack additionally.
Preferably, the working temperature of the heat pipe 11 is within the working temperature range of the lithium ion battery; the fins 12 are characterized by low density and ease of processing. The heat conducting sleeve 14 is a hollow sleeve made of a heat conducting material, and preferably, the heat conducting sleeve 14 is made of a metal material with a good heat conducting effect and corrosion resistance.
The phase-change material 15 has the characteristics of small volume change, low density, phase-change temperature within the working temperature range of the lithium ion battery and the like. The phase-change material 15 is selected from one of paraffin, polyolefin, higher fatty acid and alcohol, preferably paraffin, and the phase-change temperature of the paraffin is in the range of 0-80 ℃.
Preferably, the insulating material 16 has good insulating properties and a low density.
The battery box 17 is a box body which is made of insulating materials and has the supporting and protecting functions, preferably, the box body material of the battery box 17 is a material with higher strength, better insulating property and better heat insulation effect.
And the heat insulation material 16 filled in the gap between the inner wall of the battery box 17 and the lithium ion battery pack is used for insulating the lithium ion battery pack.
The heat preservation or heat dissipation system formed by the heat preservation material 16 filled in the gap between the inner wall of the battery box 17 and the lithium ion battery pack, the phase change material 15 filled in the lithium ion battery pack or the heat conduction sleeve 14 of the heat pipe 11 is used for preserving heat or dissipating heat of the lithium ion battery pack, so that all-weather effective heat management of the lithium ion battery pack is realized.
Under the working condition of heat dissipation, the phase-change material 15 in the heat-conducting sleeve 14 absorbs heat, and the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack is reduced; meanwhile, the fins 12 are installed on the top of the heat pipe 11 to enhance heat dissipation through the heat pipe 11.
Under the heat preservation working condition, the phase change material 15 releases heat to maintain the temperature of the lithium ion battery; in addition, the fins 12 on the top of the heat pipe 11 are removed, so that the heat loss is reduced.
The heat conducting sleeves 14 filled with the phase-change materials 15 and the heat conducting sleeves 14 filled with the heat pipes 11 are alternately and uniformly arranged, so that the temperature consistency of the single batteries in the lithium ion battery pack can be ensured.
Example 2:
reference is made to example 1, except that the lithium ion battery pack is composed of square lithium ion batteries. As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the system for effectively managing heat of a lithium ion battery pack around the clock comprises a battery box 27, a lithium ion battery pack placed in the battery box 27 and composed of square lithium ion batteries 23, a thermal insulation material 26 filled in the inner wall of the battery box 27, and a heat conduction sleeve 24 arranged between the square lithium ion batteries 23, wherein the heat conduction sleeve 24 is filled with a phase change material 25 or a heat pipe 21, the heat conduction sleeve 24 filled with the phase change material 25 and the heat conduction sleeve 24 filled with the heat pipe 21 are alternately and uniformly arranged, and the top of the heat pipe 21 is provided with a detachable fin 22.
The lithium ion battery pack is insulated by a heat insulating material 26 filled in the inner wall of the battery case 27.
The heat preservation or heat dissipation system formed by the heat preservation material 26 filled in the inner wall of the battery box 27, the phase change material 25 filled between the lithium ion batteries or the heat conduction sleeve 24 of the heat pipe 21 is used for preserving heat or dissipating heat of the lithium ion battery pack, so that all-weather effective heat management of the lithium ion battery pack is realized.
Under the working condition of heat dissipation, the phase-change material 25 in the heat-conducting sleeve 24 absorbs heat, and the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack is reduced; meanwhile, the fins 22 are installed on the top of the heat pipe 21 to enhance heat dissipation through the heat pipe 21.
Under the heat preservation working condition, the phase change material 25 releases heat to maintain the temperature of the lithium ion battery; in addition, the fins 22 on the top of the heat pipe 21 are removed, so that the heat loss is reduced.
The heat conducting sleeves 24 filled with the phase-change materials 25 and the heat conducting sleeves 24 filled with the heat pipes 21 are alternately and uniformly arranged, so that the temperature consistency of the single batteries in the lithium ion battery pack can be ensured.
Claims (4)
1. An all-weather effective thermal management system for a lithium ion battery pack is characterized by comprising a battery box, the lithium ion battery pack which is placed in the battery box and consists of the lithium ion battery pack, a thermal insulation material filled in the inner wall of the battery box, and a heat conduction sleeve arranged among the lithium ion batteries, wherein the heat conduction sleeve is a hollow sleeve made of a heat conduction material, the heat conduction sleeve is filled with a phase change material or a heat pipe, the heat conduction sleeve filled with the phase change material and the heat conduction sleeve filled with the heat pipe are alternately and uniformly arranged, and fins are arranged at the top of; the size of the fin can be flexibly expanded or the fin can be assembled and disassembled; the phase change material is selected from one of paraffin, polyolefin, higher fatty acid and alcohol.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the fins are in the shape of rings, sunshades, or squares.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the lithium ion battery is cylindrical or square.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein when the lithium ion battery pack is cylindrical, the system comprises a battery box, a lithium ion battery pack placed in the battery box and composed of the cylindrical lithium ion battery pack, a thermal insulation material filled in a gap between the inner wall of the battery box and the lithium ion battery pack, and a heat conduction sleeve arranged between the cylindrical lithium ion batteries, wherein the heat conduction sleeve is filled with a phase change material or a heat pipe, the heat conduction sleeve filled with the phase change material and the heat conduction sleeve filled with the heat pipe are alternately and uniformly arranged, and the top of the heat pipe is provided with a detachable fin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610877704.6A CN107887671B (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | All-weather effective thermal management system for lithium ion battery pack |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610877704.6A CN107887671B (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | All-weather effective thermal management system for lithium ion battery pack |
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| CN107887671A CN107887671A (en) | 2018-04-06 |
| CN107887671B true CN107887671B (en) | 2020-03-13 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109066002B (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2020-02-21 | 华中科技大学 | Power battery automatic control heat management system based on phase change energy storage and thermoelectric effect |
| CN109888432B (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2021-11-05 | 宁波诺丁汉大学 | Lithium ion battery thermal management system containing spray cooling and phase-change material heat storage |
| CN109659644A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-19 | 广东硅岳能源科技有限公司 | A kind of self radiation type emergency cell group of its composition of phase-change accumulation energy monomer |
| CN111641003A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-09-08 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Thermal management system for power battery pack |
| CN111477996B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2022-03-08 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | Dual-mode hybrid power aircraft battery thermal management system |
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| CN202905918U (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-04-24 | 河南科隆集团有限公司 | Heat sink on power battery pack |
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| CN204441420U (en) * | 2015-03-29 | 2015-07-01 | 河南新太行电源有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion power cylindrical battery pack heat dissipation device |
| CN105932367A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-09-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Coupling thermal management based battery energy storage system and method |
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2016
- 2016-09-30 CN CN201610877704.6A patent/CN107887671B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102084516A (en) * | 2008-07-03 | 2011-06-01 | 约翰逊控制混合动力与可循环有限责任公司 | Round cell battery |
| CN202905918U (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-04-24 | 河南科隆集团有限公司 | Heat sink on power battery pack |
| CN103682517A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-03-26 | 华南理工大学 | Combined heat dissipation device of power battery pack |
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