CN107877606A - A kind of AFRP composite method for drilling based on the collar and cutter interaction - Google Patents
A kind of AFRP composite method for drilling based on the collar and cutter interaction Download PDFInfo
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- CN107877606A CN107877606A CN201711316692.0A CN201711316692A CN107877606A CN 107877606 A CN107877606 A CN 107877606A CN 201711316692 A CN201711316692 A CN 201711316692A CN 107877606 A CN107877606 A CN 107877606A
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- Prior art keywords
- collar
- drilling
- cutter
- afrp
- interaction
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
- B26F1/16—Perforating by tool or tools of the drill type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/01—Means for holding or positioning work
- B26D7/02—Means for holding or positioning work with clamping means
- B26D7/025—Means for holding or positioning work with clamping means acting upon planar surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of AFRP composite method for drilling based on the collar and cutter interaction, difficult processing characteristics for aramid fiber and it is special the defects of formation mechenism propose Novel perforation method, the drilling AFRP composites under the interaction of the collar and cutter.Combination shearing effect is formed between the edge of tool in cutting sword and collar hole wall, beneficial to the aramid fiber of cut-out workpiece porch and exit surface, suppresses fluffing and tearing defect.Furthermore it is possible to increase the process system rigidity in drilling process, suppress lamination defect.Using this method drilling AFRP composites, drilling quality can be obviously improved, manufacturing deficiency is reduced, has broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cutting technology field of fibre reinforced composites, specifically a kind of aramid fiber enhancing is compound
The Novel perforation method of material (AFRP).
Background technology
Aramid fiber enhancing composite is widely used in fields such as weaponry, people's air defense plate armour, air equipments.It is but fragrant
Synthetic fibre tenacity of fibre is larger, and machinability is bad.The tough and non-friable folding in machining, could break by certain plastic deformation
Split, be most one of difficult to machine material.In the assembling process of composite element, drilling drilling is an important procedure.
In drilling process, AFRP composites easily produce layering, tear, fluffing the defects of.When drill bit will drill out workpiece, workpiece
Non- cutting lay elastic deformation occurs in the presence of axial cutting force.When the axial cutting force of some point has exceeded composite
Interfacial bonding strength when, lamination defect will occur.Because fluted drill chisel edge has negative rake, chisel edge can not in drilling process
Cut material, but by material from apex point center outwardly against.Because exit lacks effectively support, surface fiber layer is in cutter
The lower flexural deformation of effect is simultaneously made a concession, and most of aramid fiber causes to export there occurs tension failure and bend fracture
Locate to ftracture between the fiber and matrix on surface, produce tearing defect.Because porch material shortage is effectively fixed, in the stripping of drill bit
It can be torn and started by helicla flute from the material under effect, not cut off in time, aramid fiber occurs obvious in the process
Surrender and necking down, could be broken by certain plastic deformation.The fracture of aramid fiber is uneven, and it is in silk to be piled up in porch
It is cotton-shaped, and then form fluffing defect.These manufacturing deficiencies not only have a strong impact on processing and the assembling essence of AFRP composite elements
Degree, bearing capacity and fatigue life can also be decreased obviously.
CN201410160266.2 discloses a kind of boring method of carbon fiber composite structure assembling.This method is first
Pre-assembled is carried out to Carbon-fiber Reinforced Plastics Component, more than two positioning holes are bored on carbon fibre composite part, then
Locking positioning is carried out with pin insertion positioning hole, trimming is carried out after positioning, then the Carbon-fiber Reinforced Plastics Component after trimming is entered
Row drilling.However, carbon fiber is the fragile material of high rigidity, aramid fiber is the flexible material of high tenacity.With breaking for carbon fiber
Feature difference is split, aramid fiber could be broken by certain plastic deformation.In addition, the interfacial adhesion of aramid fiber and interlaminar resin
Poor-performing, it is more easy to that interfacial detachment phenomenon occurs, manufacturing deficiency is more serious.Therefore, the boring method of carbon fibre composite
It is not particularly suited for the drilling requirement of AFRP composite material work pieces.CN201210219209.8 discloses one kind in fiber-reinforced composite
The method that slotted eye is processed on material laminate.This method is proposed to set backing plate in laminate upper and lower surface in process or added
Work site boundary pastes the installation way of fiber cloth or adhesive tape, by from rational cutter material, tool geometrical parameter
And cutting parameter, solve and layering be present to laminated sheet material and thin-walled revolution workpiece upper shed or drilling using conventional method, split
The quality problems such as split, burn.However, the drilling process supported using backing plate also has some drawbacks.Due to reinforcing fiber Hard Inclusion
Abrasive action and cementation, cause cutter to be worn in drilling fibre reinforced composites extremely serious.Backing plate is usual
Using hard high density material or aluminium sheet, the process of bit cutting backing plate has been further exacerbated by the abrasion of cutter.In addition, drilling pad
Chip caused by plate scrapes the interface of hole wall and laminate and backing plate repeatedly in the presence of drill bit, and is mixed in damage zone
In domain, drilling quality can be also influenceed.Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of Novel perforation method, in the phase interaction of the collar and cutter
With lower drilling AFRP composites, the drilling defect such as it can effectively suppress to be layered, tear, fluff, lifting drilling quality.
The content of the invention
The present invention for aramid fiber difficult processing characteristics and it is special the defects of formation mechenism propose Novel perforation method,
The drilling AFRP composites under the interaction of the collar and cutter.
The present invention is for the technical scheme that is provided of technical problem present in solution known technology：One kind based on the collar with
The AFRP composite method for drilling of cutter interaction, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：First, in processed AFRP
The upper collar and lower collar are fixed in the upper and lower surface of composite material work piece respectively；Then, pressure is applied to the upper collar and lower collar respectively
Clamp force and support force, lift the interlaminar strength of AFRP composites；On the premise of ensureing that the collar is brought into close contact with workpiece, cutter
Drilling is carried out to composite axially across the internal diameter of the collar.
When drilling to composite material work piece, interaction is formed between cutter and the collar, its role is to the upper set
The active force that ring applies inhibits the resilience and yielding of porch surface aramid fiber；Porch surface fiber layer is cut simultaneously
The combination shearing effect that sword and collar hole wall edge apply is cut, makes fiber that shear fracture occur, suppresses the generation of fluffing defect；Institute
The active force for stating lower collar application suppresses the flexural deformation and yielding of exit surface fiber；Exit surface fiber layer simultaneously by
The combination shearing applied to cutting edge and collar hole wall edge acts on, and makes fiber that shear fracture occur, suppresses the production of tearing defect
It is raw；The support force that the lower collar applies inhibit the primer of workpiece because of the axial cutting force of cutter and caused by bend and become
Shape extends to non-processing region, and then suppresses the generation of lamination defect.
The collar is special annular construction member, is divided into the collar and lower collar, and symmetric coaxial is placed.The upper collar and
Lower collar internal diameter is identical, and internal diameter adjusts size according to the size for being processed aperture.Collar internal diameter should than processing aperture it is big by 0.1~
0.5mm, while preventing the Tool in Cutting collar, make to form combination shearing effect between the collar and cutter.The structure of the collar
Pattern extends according to the type face of workpiece.Using the collar with corresponding radian, the upper and lower surface of curve surface work pieces is brought into close contact, is fitted
Conjunction carries out drilling on curved surface.Using the collar with corresponding gradient, the upper and lower surface of workpiece is brought into close contact, is adapted on inclined-plane
Carry out drilling.Contact surface is designed as boss structure, is adapted to the less operating mode in drilling space.
The present invention has the advantages and positive effects of：Compound cut is formed between the edge of tool in cutting sword and collar hole wall
The effect of cutting, beneficial to the aramid fiber of cut-out workpiece porch and exit surface, suppress fluffing and tearing defect.In addition, the collar
Supporting role can increase the interfacial bonding strength of workpiece, suppress lamination defect.Using this method drilling AFRP composites,
Drilling quality can be obviously improved, manufacturing deficiency is reduced, has broad application prospects.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the drilling schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of drilling porch；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram in drilling exit；
Fig. 4 is AFRP composite drilling quality detection methods：(a) exit lamination defect is examined, the tear of (b) exit
Fault detection, the fluffing fault detection of (c) porch；
Fig. 5 is the other structures pattern of the collar：(a) curved surface drilling, the drilling of (b) inclined-plane, (c) boss contact surface.
In figure：1st, cutter, 11, cutting edge, 2, the upper collar, 21, upper collar hole wall edge, 3, AFRP composite material work pieces,
31st, the aramid fiber tow on porch surface, 32, the aramid fiber tow on exit surface, 4, lower collar, 41, annular distance of trapping
Wall edge.
Embodiment
In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, hereby enumerating following examples, and coordinate accompanying drawing
The present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of AFRP composite method for drilling based on the collar and cutter interaction.What is be processed
The upper and lower surface retaining collar of AFRP composite material work pieces 3.The collar is special annular construction member, is divided into two body symmetric coaxials up and down
Arrangement.The upper workpiece pressing of the collar 2, lower collar 4 support workpiece.AFRP composite material work pieces are by aramid fiber orthogonal weave prepreg
Prepare, matrix material is epoxy resin or phenolic resin.It is composite layer by solidification of hot-press tank after successively laying prepreg
Plywood.
To ensure to be brought into close contact between the collar and workpiece, the collar should use the larger material of rigidity.In axial feed process
The internal diameter of middle cutter 1 through the collar carries out drilling, is formed when drilling to composite laminated plate, between cutter and the collar mutual
Effect.During drilling φ 6mm through hole, collar internal diameter is φ 6.1mm, to prevent Tool in Cutting from, to the collar, increasing tool wear；Set
The difference in ring internal diameter and drilling aperture should not be excessive, otherwise will weaken the interaction between the collar and cutter.In drilling process, enter
It is 20mm/min, speed of mainshaft 3500rpm to speed.Due to the hygroscopicity of AFRP composites, drilling process uses dry type
Cutting, and compressed air is purged to reduce the cutting temperature of cutter and workpiece.
Thrust is applied to the upper collar 2, support force is applied to lower collar 4, increases the process system rigidity in drilling process,
Lift the interfacial bonding strength of AFRP composites, suppress the primer of workpiece because of the axial cutting force of drill bit and caused by it is curved
Song deforms to be extended to non-processing region, and then suppresses the generation of lamination defect.
Fig. 2 is participated in, the active force that the upper collar 2 applies causes the fiber both ends of machining area porch to be clamped, cut
During be in tension state, alleviate the resilience and yielding of aramid fiber.Cutting edge 11 is along collar hole wall edge 21
Cut, therefore the aramid fiber tow 31 on porch surface is sheared by cutting edge and the edge application of collar hole wall simultaneously
Power, shear fracture occurs beneficial to fiber, so as to suppress the generation of fluffing defect.In addition, the compressive load that the upper collar applies can
Fluffiness caused by the release effect of cutter is prevented to be extended to non-processing region.
Referring to Fig. 3, the active force that lower collar 4 applies causes the fiber both ends in machining area exit to be clamped, and is cutting
During be in tension state, suppress the flexural deformation and yielding of aramid fiber.The cutting edge 11 of motion and static set
Annular distance wall edge 41 forms relative motion, therefore the aramid fiber beam 32 on exit surface is simultaneously by cutting edge and collar hole wall
The shearing force that edge applies, shear fracture occurs beneficial to fiber, and then suppress the generation of tearing defect.In addition, the branch of lower collar
Support force further prevents the tear of fibrous layer to extend to non-processing region.
Referring to Fig. 4, the drilling quality of inspection AFRP composites.Exit lamination defect is examined, and is drilled out by measurement
The maximum gauge of delamination area characterizes lamination defect at mouthful.Exit tearing defect is examined, and is lacked by measuring and calculating tear
Fall into along the ratio of arc length and the hole nominal girth of bore edges to characterize tearing defect.Porch fluffing fault detection, passes through measurement
Maximum fluffs regional diameter to characterize fluffing defect.
Referring to Fig. 5, the structural shape of the collar can extend according to the type face of workpiece.Using the collar with corresponding radian,
The upper and lower surface of curve surface work pieces is brought into close contact, is adapted to carry out drilling on curved surface.Using the collar with corresponding gradient, close patch
The upper and lower surface of workpiece is closed, is adapted to carry out drilling on inclined-plane.Contact surface is designed as boss structure, is adapted to drilling space smaller
Operating mode.
Embodiment two
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of AFRP composite method for drilling based on the collar and cutter interaction.What is be processed
The upper and lower surface retaining collar of AFRP composite material work pieces 3.The collar is special annular construction member, is divided into two body symmetric coaxials up and down
Arrangement.The upper workpiece pressing of the collar 2, lower collar 4 support workpiece.
The internal diameter of cutter 1 through the collar carries out drilling during axial feed, when drilling to composite laminated plate,
Interaction is formed between cutter and the collar.During drilling φ 6mm through hole, collar internal diameter is φ 6.1mm.In drilling process, enter
It is 40mm/min, speed of mainshaft 3500rpm to speed.Due to the hygroscopicity of AFRP composites, drilling process uses dry type
Cutting, and compressed air is purged to reduce the cutting temperature of cutter and workpiece.
Thrust is applied to the upper collar 2, support force is applied to lower collar 4, increases the process system rigidity in drilling process,
Lift the interfacial bonding strength of AFRP composites, suppress the primer of workpiece because of the axial cutting force of drill bit and caused by it is curved
Song deforms to be extended to non-processing region, and then suppresses the generation of lamination defect.
Fig. 2 is participated in, the active force that the upper collar 2 applies causes the fiber both ends of machining area porch to be clamped, cut
During be in tension state, alleviate the resilience and yielding of aramid fiber.Cutting edge 11 is along collar hole wall edge 21
Cut, therefore the aramid fiber tow 31 on porch surface is sheared by cutting edge and the edge application of collar hole wall simultaneously
Power, shear fracture occurs beneficial to fiber, so as to suppress the generation of fluffing defect.In addition, the compressive load that the upper collar applies can
Fluffiness caused by the release effect of cutter is prevented to be extended to non-processing region.
Referring to Fig. 3, the active force that lower collar 4 applies causes the fiber both ends in machining area exit to be clamped, and is cutting
During be in tension state, suppress the flexural deformation and yielding of aramid fiber.The cutting edge 11 of motion and static set
Annular distance wall edge 41 forms relative motion, therefore the aramid fiber beam 32 on exit surface is simultaneously by cutting edge and collar hole wall
The shearing force that edge applies, shear fracture occurs beneficial to fiber, and then suppress the generation of tearing defect.In addition, the branch of lower collar
Support force further prevents the tear of fibrous layer to extend to non-processing region.
Referring to Fig. 4, the drilling quality of inspection AFRP composites.Exit lamination defect is examined, and is drilled out by measurement
The maximum gauge of delamination area characterizes lamination defect at mouthful.Exit tearing defect is examined, and is lacked by measuring and calculating tear
Fall into along the ratio of arc length and the hole nominal girth of bore edges to characterize tearing defect.Porch fluffing fault detection, passes through measurement
Maximum fluffs regional diameter to characterize fluffing defect.
Comparative example three
Not workpiece upper and lower surface place the collar, using conventional method on AFRP composite material work pieces drilling φ 6mm
Through hole.In drilling process, feed speed 20mm/min, speed of mainshaft 3500rpm.Due to the moisture absorption of AFRP composites
Property, drilling process uses DRY CUTTING, and purges compressed air to reduce the cutting temperature of cutter and workpiece.
Referring to Fig. 4, the drilling quality of inspection AFRP composites.Exit lamination defect is examined, and is drilled out by measurement
The maximum gauge of delamination area characterizes lamination defect at mouthful.Exit tearing defect is examined, and is lacked by measuring and calculating tear
Fall into along the ratio of arc length and the hole nominal girth of bore edges to characterize tearing defect.Porch fluffing fault detection, passes through measurement
Maximum fluffs regional diameter to characterize fluffing defect.
Comparative example four
Not workpiece upper and lower surface place the collar, using conventional method on AFRP composite material work pieces drilling φ 6mm
Through hole.In drilling process, feed speed 40mm/min, speed of mainshaft 3500rpm.Due to the moisture absorption of AFRP composites
Property, drilling process uses DRY CUTTING, and purges compressed air to reduce the cutting temperature of cutter and workpiece.
Referring to Fig. 4, the drilling quality of inspection AFRP composites.Exit lamination defect is examined, and is drilled out by measurement
The maximum gauge of delamination area characterizes lamination defect at mouthful.Exit tearing defect is examined, and is lacked by measuring and calculating tear
Fall into along the ratio of arc length and the hole nominal girth of bore edges to characterize tearing defect.Porch fluffing fault detection, passes through measurement
Maximum fluffs regional diameter to characterize fluffing defect.
The drilling quality of embodiment one, two and comparative example three, four is referring to table 1.Compared with not using collar drilling, using interior
The manufacturing deficiency of the footpath 6.1mm collars is substantially reduced, and drilling quality is significantly improved.The maximum layering diameter of embodiment one,
Tear length ratio and maximum fluffing regional diameter have dropped 26.4%, 53.0%, 29.8% than comparative example three respectively.Embodiment two
Maximum layering diameter, tear length ratio and maximum fluffing regional diameter have dropped 27.0% than comparative example four respectively, 47.0%,
26.2%.
Table 1 whether there is the drilling quality contrast in collar drilling 6mm apertures
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention is not limited in upper
The embodiment stated, above-mentioned embodiment is only schematical, be not it is restricted, this area it is common
Technical staff in the case of present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection is not departed from, may be used also under the enlightenment of the present invention
By make it is many in the form of, these are belonged within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of AFRP composite method for drilling based on the collar and cutter interaction, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：First, the collar and lower collar are fixed respectively on the upper and lower surface of processed AFRP composite material work pieces；Then, respectively
Thrust and support force are applied to the upper collar and lower collar, lift the interlaminar strength of AFRP composites；Ensureing the collar and work
On the premise of part is brought into close contact, cutter carries out drilling axially across the internal diameter of the collar to composite.
2. a kind of AFRP composite method for drilling based on the collar and cutter interaction as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is, when drilling to composite material work piece, interaction is formed between cutter and the collar, its role is to the upper set
The active force that ring applies inhibits the resilience and yielding of porch surface aramid fiber；Porch surface fiber layer is cut simultaneously
The combination shearing effect that sword and collar hole wall edge apply is cut, makes fiber that shear fracture occur, suppresses the generation of fluffing defect；Institute
The active force for stating lower collar application suppresses the flexural deformation and yielding of exit surface fiber；Exit surface fiber layer simultaneously by
The combination shearing applied to cutting edge and collar hole wall edge acts on, and makes fiber that shear fracture occur, suppresses the production of tearing defect
It is raw；Lower collar apply support force inhibit the primer of workpiece because of the axial cutting force of cutter and caused by flexural deformation to
Non-processing region extension, and then suppress the generation of lamination defect.
3. a kind of AFRP composite method for drilling based on the collar and cutter interaction as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that the collar is special annular construction member, is divided into the collar and lower collar, and symmetric coaxial is placed, upper and lower collar internal diameter
Identical, internal diameter adjusts size according to the size for being processed aperture；Collar internal diameter should be bigger 0.1~0.5mm than processing aperture, prevents knife
Make to form combination shearing effect between the collar and cutter while the tool cutting collar.
4. a kind of AFRP composite method for drilling based on the collar and cutter interaction as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that the structural shape of the collar extends according to the type face of workpiece；Using the collar with corresponding radian, it is brought into close contact
The upper and lower surface of curve surface work pieces, it is adapted to carry out drilling on curved surface；Using the collar with corresponding gradient, workpiece is brought into close contact
Upper and lower surface, it is adapted to carry out drilling on inclined-plane；Contact surface is designed as boss structure, is adapted to the less operating mode in drilling space.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109849099A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-06-07 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A method of preventing carbon fiber component drilling defect |
| CN110405264A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-05 | 西北工业大学 | Reduce the method that the layering of composite laminated plate Flank machining generates |
| CN110682131A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-14 | 天津工业大学 | Carbon fiber composite milling support fixture |
| CN111791305A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-20 | 中航成飞民用飞机有限责任公司 | Carbon fiber composite material hole making method |
| CN112836311A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-25 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method for reducing multi-curvature surface laminated structure material body delamination damage defect |
| CN113021512A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Drilling and grinding composite hole making tool and hole making method for carbon fiber composite board |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109849099A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-06-07 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A method of preventing carbon fiber component drilling defect |
| CN110405264A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-05 | 西北工业大学 | Reduce the method that the layering of composite laminated plate Flank machining generates |
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| CN111791305A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-20 | 中航成飞民用飞机有限责任公司 | Carbon fiber composite material hole making method |
| CN111791305B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-09-06 | 中航成飞民用飞机有限责任公司 | Carbon fiber composite material hole making method |
| CN112836311A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-25 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method for reducing multi-curvature surface laminated structure material body delamination damage defect |
| CN112836311B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2024-04-12 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method for reducing layering damage defect of multi-curvature surface laminated structure material body |
| CN113021512A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Drilling and grinding composite hole making tool and hole making method for carbon fiber composite board |
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