CN107872759A - 扬声器波导和扬声器组件 - Google Patents

扬声器波导和扬声器组件 Download PDF

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CN107872759A
CN107872759A CN201710873205.4A CN201710873205A CN107872759A CN 107872759 A CN107872759 A CN 107872759A CN 201710873205 A CN201710873205 A CN 201710873205A CN 107872759 A CN107872759 A CN 107872759A
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CN107872759B (zh
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乔治·布利莫尔
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Difenni Hong Kong Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2853—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using an acoustic labyrinth or a transmission line
    • H04R1/2857—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using an acoustic labyrinth or a transmission line for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2819—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/227—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only  using transducers reproducing the same frequency band
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/24—Structural combinations of separate transducers or of two parts of the same transducer and responsive respectively to two or more frequency ranges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2861—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using a back-loaded horn
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/323—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/403—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers loud-speakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/023—Screens for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/26—Spatial arrangements of separate transducers responsive to two or more frequency ranges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2861—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using a back-loaded horn
    • H04R1/2865—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using a back-loaded horn for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/34—Directing or guiding sound by means of a phase plug
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/40—Details of arrangements for obtaining desired directional characteristic by combining a number of identical transducers covered by H04R1/40 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/403—Linear arrays of transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及一种扬声器波导以及一种扬声器组件。该扬声器波导包括布置成围绕波导的旋转轴线的第一孔口、从第一孔口径向地向外延伸的波导区域，以及限定第二孔口和第三孔口的支架区域。

Description

扬声器波导和扬声器组件
对相关申请的交叉引证
本申请要求2016年9月23日提交的临时申请第62/399299号的优先权；其全部内容通过引证的方式结合于此。
技术领域
本发明涉及音频应用，更具体地，涉及一种具有用于优化音频输出的构造的扬声器组件。
背景技术
许多常见的电子装置需要更小的扬声器组件。然而消费者日益要求以降低的成本从这种扬声器获得高质量且一致的音频输出。
所需要的是这样的扬声器组件：尺寸减小费用更少，但仍提供足够的音频输出质量。
发明内容
根据一个代表性实施例，扬声器波导包括布置成围绕波导的旋转轴线的第一孔口、从第一孔口径向地向外延伸的波导区域，以及限定第二孔口和第三孔口的支架区域。
根据另一代表性实施例，扬声器组件包括第一扬声器和布置在第一扬声器上的扬声器波导。扬声器波导包括布置成围绕波导的旋转轴线的第一孔口、从第一孔口径向地向外延伸的波导区域，以及限定第二孔口和第三孔口的支架区域。
附图说明
为了更完整地理解本发明，现在结合附图和详细描述参考以下简要描述，在附图中，相同的参考数字代表相同的零件：
图1图示了扬声器组件(组件)的一个代表性实施例的侧剖视图。
图2图示了可布置在组件中的电路的一个代表性实施例的电路图。
图3图示了波导的一个代表性实施例的透视图。
图4图示了波导的代表性实施例的顶视图。
图5图示了波导的侧视图。
图6图示了波导的一个另选实施例的侧视图。
具体实施方式
图1图示了扬声器组件(组件)100的一个代表性实施例的侧剖视图。组件100包括低频换能器低音扬声器组件102，该低频换能器低音扬声器组件包括磁轭104、磁铁106和顶板108。在顶板108上布置篮状物110。锥形物112连接到音圈，三脚架114和悬架116对锥形物112提供支撑。
希望提供一种紧凑的扬声器构造，其从第一扬声器(例如低音扬声器组件102)并从第二扬声器(例如从更高频率换能器输出高音扬声器类型的扬声器)提供低频输出。
在这点上，组件100包括波导组件(波导)118，其使用例如通过附接区域120的紧固件连接到组件100。波导组件118与低音扬声器组件(第一扬声器)102基本上同轴地固定高音扬声器组件(第二扬声器)122。波导118具有切口区域(在下面描述)，其允许波导118对由低音扬声器组件102产生的低频声音是基本上声学通透的(substantiallyacoustically)。
图2图示了可布置在组件100中的电路200的一个代表性实施例的电路图。电路200包括连接到低音扬声器组件102的端子202。端子202经由与高音扬声器组件122串联布置的电容器206和电阻器208通信地连接到高音扬声器组件122。电感器210与高音扬声器122并联布置。
图3图示了波导118的一个代表性实施例的透视图，图4图示了波导118的一个代表性实施例的顶视图。波导118包括基本上布置在波导118的中央的扬声器开口区域302。外环312限定波导118的外径。扬声器开口区域302提供接合高音扬声器组件122的区域。扬声器开口区域302可包括支架或者其他接合点或安装点，以将高音扬声器组件122固定到波导118。扬声器开口区域302的半径比锥形物112(图1)的半径小。扬声器开口区域302的面积在波导118的表面积的4％到7％之间。
波导118包括布置在圆圈303内的波导部分304。圆圈303示出为处于波导组件118的最高点。波导部分304具有抛物线形状的或弯曲的、基本上平滑的而没有开口或不连贯几何形状的表面301。波导部分304可用来帮助引导由高音扬声器组件122产生的高频声波。这改进了声波的辐射效率，并且由于高音扬声器组件122和低音扬声器组件102的辐射之间的相互作用的结果，限制了直接声学伪声(direct acoustic artifacts)。
波导部分304具有提升波导的轮廓的锥形几何形状，遵循从扬声器开口区域302朝向波导118的顶部的抛物线函数。
实验研究表明，此同心且连续的波导部分的直径在波导118的直径的35％到45％之间。这对应于波导直径(WD)和支架区域外径(BROD)之间的以下比例(WD/BROD)：范围从2.8到3.2。例如，在带有80mm的直径的3.5英寸波导中，波导部分304区域限定为从扬声器开口区域302的外径区域至带有28-36mm之间直径的同心圆。此区域用作波导。在图示的代表性实施例中，波导118的外径对应于低音扬声器组件102的外径。
波导118包括支架区域306。支架区域306可用来对高音扬声器组件122(图1的高音扬声器组件)提供结构支撑。支架区域306还可用来用作低通滤波器，其允许由低音扬声器组件102发射的低频声波通过布置在波导118中的孔口308和310。支架区域306用作波导部分304的帮助高频引导并对声学辐射能提供更好的耦合的延长部分。
图5图示了波导118的侧视图。通过几个参数布置支架区域306。波导118的最高点303位于支架区域306中，使得波导118具有高度(h)。波导118的最高点401同心地布置在波导118上，并且径向地比波导118的外径更靠近波导部分304(图3的波导部分)。在这点上，半径r’小于半径r”。用线501图示了波导118的旋转轴线。
可将波导部分304的直径(r’)和高度(h)的尺寸或尺寸之间的关系表达为r’除以h的比值。其中，比值在5和7之间。例如，对于带有80mm的外径的3.5英寸低音扬声器，使用类似大小的波导，80mm。因此，波导118的h尺寸减少到11mm(80×0.14)和16mm(80×0.2)之间。换句话说，此波导设计将增加低音扬声器的总轮廓高度，小于低音扬声器的外径的20％。
具有偶数数量的孔口308和310，并且孔口308和310分别具有不同的大小和形状，其中，孔口308具有比孔口310小的开口面积。孔口308和310以交替图案布置在波导118的中心周围。孔口310(更大的孔口)径向地向内延伸通过圆圈303(波导118的最高点)，因此圆圈303可能不是连续的。当孔口310接近波导118的外径时，孔口310的宽度变得更宽。
更小的孔口308在点303处开始(从波导118的中心径向地向外移动)，并且当孔口308接近波导118的外径时变得更宽。孔口308在波导118的外径处的宽度可大于孔口310在波导118的外径处的对应外径。
可将孔口308和孔口310的面积表达为大孔口(孔口310)的面积除以小孔口(孔口308)的面积的比值。比值在1.3到1.9之间。例如，如果80mm直径的3.5英寸波导设计为每个孔口308具有300mm2的面积，那么每个孔口310的面积的范围将从390mm2到570mm2。
可将孔口308和孔口310的组合面积与波导118的总面积表达为总波导面积除以孔口308和310的面积的和的比值。比值在1.9到2.5之间。例如，带有80mm的直径的3.5英寸波导具有大约5000mm2的面积。使用以上定量，孔口308和孔口310的面积的和的范围从大约2010mm2到2645mm2。
图6图示了波导518的一个另选实施例的侧视图。波导518具有带有波状轮廓的孔口508。
虽然已经描述了根据本发明的优选实施例，但是将理解，现在的和未来的本领域技术人员可进行各种落在所附权利要求的范围内的改进和增强。这些权利要求应解释为对首先描述的本发明保持适当保护。

Claims (20)

1.一种扬声器波导，包括：
第一孔口，布置成围绕所述扬声器波导的旋转轴线；
波导区域，从所述第一孔口径向地向外延伸；以及
支架区域，限定第二孔口和第三孔口。
2.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器波导，其中，所述第一孔口用来接收第一扬声器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器波导，其中，所述波导区域具有抛物线形状的表面轮廓。
4.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器波导，其中，所述第二孔口具有比所述第三孔口大的面积。
5.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器波导，其中，所述第二孔口和所述第三孔口用来允许低频声波通过所述扬声器波导。
6.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器波导，进一步包括外环，该外环具有用来附接至第二扬声器组件的区域。
7.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器波导，其中，所述波导区域具有高度h，并且所述波导区域具有半径r，其中，r:h的比值在5到7之间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器波导，其中，所述第一孔口的面积在所述波导区域的表面积的4％到7％之间。
9.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器波导，其中，所述波导区域的直径在所述扬声器波导的直径的35％到45％之间。
10.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器波导，其中，所述第二孔口的面积与所述第三孔口的面积的比值在1.3到1.9之间。
11.一种扬声器组件，包括：
第一扬声器；以及
扬声器波导，布置在所述第一扬声器上，所述扬声器波导包括：
第一孔口，布置成围绕所述扬声器波导的旋转轴线；
波导区域，从所述第一孔口径向地向外延伸；以及
支架区域，限定第二孔口和第三孔口。
12.根据权利要求11所述的扬声器组件，其中，所述第一孔口用来接收所述第一扬声器。
13.根据权利要求11所述的扬声器组件，其中，所述波导区域具有抛物线形状的表面轮廓。
14.根据权利要求11所述的扬声器组件，其中，所述第二孔口具有比所述第三孔口大的面积。
15.根据权利要求11所述的扬声器组件，其中，所述第二孔口和所述第三孔口用来允许低频声波通过所述扬声器波导。
16.根据权利要求11所述的扬声器组件，进一步包括外环，该外环具有用来附接至第二扬声器组件的区域。
17.根据权利要求11所述的扬声器组件，其中，所述波导区域具有高度h，并且所述波导区域具有半径r，其中，r:h的比值在5到7之间。
18.根据权利要求11所述的扬声器组件，其中，所述第一孔口的面积在所述波导区域的表面积的4％到7％之间。
19.根据权利要求11所述的扬声器组件，其中，所述波导区域的直径在所述扬声器波导的直径的35％到45％之间。
20.根据权利要求11所述的扬声器组件，其中，所述第二孔口的面积与所述第三孔口的面积的比值在1.3到1.9之间。
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