CN107872270B - Relay node selection method based on optimal threshold transmission scheduling - Google Patents
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Abstract
A relay node selection method based on optimal threshold transmission scheduling in a Rayleigh fading channel comprises the following steps: 1) calculating the probability density function and the cumulative probability density function of each channel after the channel is ranked; 2) each relay node senses the fading information of the current time slot of the channel information, and the relay node transmits the energy required by the information and the stored energy of the relay node and calculates the average transmission rate to inform the source node; 3) the relay node determines the minimum interruption probability established by each link according to the channel information and the energy condition required to be met by forwarding and informs the source node, and the source node determines all relay nodes meeting the conditions according to the interruption probability established by the link and the forwarding power provided by the energy storage of the relay node; 4) and selecting the node with the maximum expected transmission rate from all the satisfied conditions as the optimal relay node. When the transmitting power of a source node in a Rayleigh fading channel is constant, an end-to-end node selects a relay node to transmit at the maximum expected transmission rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of communication, and particularly relates to a cooperative communication system with energy collection and a relay node selection method for optimizing an expected transmission rate of the system.
Background
With the widespread development of wireless communication technology, wireless communication technology has penetrated aspects of human life. Meanwhile, the rapid increase of communication energy consumption caused by the rapid development of the communication industry gradually draws attention in the fields of scientific research and engineering. How to effectively reduce the energy consumption problem caused by the communication industry is a problem to be solved urgently in the fields of scientific research and engineering at present. The energy collection relay network system integrates the advantages of energy collection and relay network, and is a very promising solution for further development of communication systems. The energy collection relay network utilizes collected energy (such as solar energy, wind energy, RF and the like) from the surrounding environment to forward information sent to the relay node by the source node, and reduces resource waste on the basis of ensuring communication quality, thereby achieving the purposes of saving energy, reducing emission and reducing communication energy consumption. Most energy collection parts in the energy collection relay network model are all completed by the relay nodes, the source node and the destination node still adopt the traditional power supply mode, and the model of the communication part is that information is forwarded by one or more relay nodes. For the energy collection relay network, the energy collected and stored by each time slot of different relay nodes is different, and the energy consumed for forwarding the same data packet is also different, so that the energy utilization rate and the transmission rate of the whole system can be improved by selecting a proper relay node. Therefore, when the transmission power is limited and constant, it is very meaningful to research how to make full use of the limited energy storage, and to select an appropriate relay node from the energy-harvesting relay network to achieve the optimal transmission rate of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the limitation of the forwarding data caused by the limitation of the energy acquisition of the relay node in the existing energy acquisition relay network, the invention provides a relay node selection method for maximizing the system transmission rate by selecting the relay node with the limited energy acquisition in a channel with Rayleigh fading in the decoding and forwarding energy acquisition relay network.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method of relay node selection for optimal threshold transmission scheduling in a rayleigh fading channel, the method comprising the steps of:
1) the envelopes of all signals from the source node to the relay node and from the relay node to the destination node obey Rayleigh distribution, and the signal-to-noise ratio gamma obeys
In which γ is0Is the average signal-to-noise ratio. Relay node instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio gamma1，γ2，...，γKRearrangement from small to large to gamma(1)≤γ(2)≤…≤γ(k)≤γ(k+1)≤…≤γ(K)，γ(k)Let us call the kth order statistic, whose probability density function f(k)(γ) is:
cumulative probability density function F(k)(γ) is:
wherein, the parameters in the formula are defined as follows:
f(k)(γ)：γ(k)a probability density function of;
F(k)(γ)：γ(k)a cumulative probability density function of;
f (γ): a cumulative probability density function of the signal-to-noise ratio γ, wherein
K: the number of relay nodes;
γ0: average signal-to-noise ratio;
γk: the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio of relay node k;
γ(k): after the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratios of the relay nodes are sorted from small to large, the kth order statistic of the signal-to-noise ratios
2) Each relay node perceives from the source node to itself, and from itself to itselfThe channel information of the destination node informs the source node of the energy required by the forwarding information and the self-stored energy; obtaining the average signal-to-noise ratio E [ gamma ] of the system through the channel information sensed by the relay node and the channel information received by the relay node and the destination node(k)]The following were used:
average transmission rate E [ C ](k)]The following were used:
wherein, the parameters in the formula are defined as follows:
b: channel bandwidth
Ps: source node transmit power
3) The optimal threshold transmission scheduling method selects the relay node, and the judgment of whether the link is established is based on the forwarding power P of the relay node kk≥2Emaxand/T, further calculating to obtain an interruption probability expression as follows:
wherein, the parameters in the formula are defined as follows:
Pk: the forwarding power of the relay node k; emax: the maximum energy storage capacity of the relay node; t: the time required for sending the information from the source node to the destination node is the same as the time required for sending the information from the source node to the relay node to the destination node;
4) the system selects the maximum mean average transmission rate E [ C ] from the relay nodes meeting the conditions(k)]Select the optimal relay node k*Satisfies the following formula:
the constraint conditions are as follows: e [ O ](k)]≤Emax
For the constraint in equation (6), the relationship between the minimum power and the maximum energy storage is converted to obtain the following equation:
constraint conditions are as follows: pk≥2Emax/T
According to the definition of the average rate in step 2), 3), the transmission rate when the threshold is fixed is obtained as follows:
wherein, E [ C(0)]Indicating no data transmission, E [ C ](0)]＝0
According to the fact that the time required by information is the same in the channels with the same channel fading and the same transmission time, the expected energy consumption of system transmission is obtained:
the expected energy consumption is:
wherein, E [ O ](0)]Indicating the energy consumption in the absence of information transmission, EO(0)]＝0
According to step 2), 4) obtaining the transmission rate of the threshold scheduling transmission algorithm as follows:
expected consumption of energy:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the expected energy consumption is:
the technical conception of the invention is as follows: firstly, the forwarding powers of different relay nodes are different, and the energy required for forwarding the same data packet at the same time is different due to different channels, so that the energy stored by the relay nodes can be used as a controllable network resource, and the maximum transmission rate is realized. In other words, it is desirable to determine whether a link from a source node to a destination node can be established through the energy storage of the relay node, and select the relay node that can achieve the maximum transmission rate from the eligible relay nodes.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: for the whole energy collection relay network, the selection of the proper relay node not only can effectively utilize the collected energy, but also can increase the long-term average benefit of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network system with K relay nodes.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of selecting an appropriate relay node.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a method for selecting a relay node based on optimal threshold transmission scheduling in a rayleigh fading channel can fully utilize collected energy and increase a system mean transmission rate. The present invention is based on an energy harvesting relay network system with K relay nodes (as shown in fig. 1). In the energy collection relay network, a source node sends information to a plurality of relay nodes with constant power, and the relay nodes select the nodes with the maximum transmission rate and enough self energy storage to forward the information to a destination node. The method for selecting a suitable relay node to achieve the maximum average transmission rate aiming at the energy-collecting relay network comprises the following steps (as shown in figure 2):
1) the envelopes of all signals from the source node to the relay node and from the relay node to the destination node obey Rayleigh distribution, and the signal-to-noise ratio gamma obeys
In which γ is0Is the average signal-to-noise ratio. Relay node instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio gamma1，γ2，...，γKRearrangement from small to large to gamma(1)≤γ(2)≤…≤γ(k)≤γ(k+1)≤…≤γ(K)，γ(k)Let us call the kth order statistic, whose probability density function f(k)(γ) is:
cumulative probability density function F(k)(γ) is:
wherein, the parameters in the formula are defined as follows:
f(k)(γ)：γ(k)a probability density function of;
F(k)(γ)：γ(k)a cumulative probability density function of;
f (γ): a cumulative probability density function of the signal-to-noise ratio γ, wherein
K: the number of relay nodes;
γ0: average signal-to-noise ratio;
γk: instant message of relay node kA noise ratio;
γ(k): after the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratios of the relay nodes are sorted from small to large, the kth order statistic of the signal-to-noise ratios is obtained;
2) each relay node senses channel information from a source node to itself and from itself to a destination node, and then informs the source node of energy required by information forwarding and self-stored energy; obtaining the average signal-to-noise ratio E [ gamma ] of the system through the channel information sensed by the relay node and the channel information received by the relay node and the destination node(k)]The following were used:
average transmission rate E [ C ](k)]The following were used:
wherein, the parameters in the formula are defined as follows:
b: a channel bandwidth;
Ps: a source node transmit power;
3) the optimal threshold transmission scheduling method selects the relay node, and the judgment of whether the link is established is based on the forwarding power P of the relay node kk≥2Emaxand/T, further calculating to obtain an interruption probability expression as follows:
wherein, the parameters in the formula are defined as follows:
Pk: the forwarding power of the relay node k;
Emax: the maximum energy storage capacity of the relay node;
t: the time required for sending the information from the source node to the destination node is T/2, and the time from the information source node to the relay node is the same as the time from the relay node to the destination node;
4) the system selects the maximum average transmission rate from the relay nodes meeting the conditions
Selecting an optimal relay node k*Satisfies the following formula:
the constraint conditions are as follows: e [ Q ](k)]≤Emax
Step 4.1: for the constraint in equation (6), the relationship between the minimum power and the maximum energy storage is converted to obtain the following equation:
constraint conditions are as follows: pk≥2Emax/T
Step 4.2: for the constraint condition in the formula, 3) the interruption probability is used instead, that is, when the interruption probability is smaller than the threshold, the link is established, and the following formula is obtained:
by using
Selecting an optimal relay node k when obtaining a maximum expected transmission rate*；
Step 4.3: according to the fact that the energy consumed by information sent from a source node to a relay node is equal to the energy consumed by information forwarded from the relay node to a target node, the average energy consumption E [ O ] of the system is obtained(k)]：
Simplifying the formula (9), and obtaining the average energy consumption of the relay node transmission rate after sequential statistics:
substituting equation (1) into equation (10) and integrating equation
Obtaining:
the expected energy consumption of the system is obtained from the formulas (5) and (11)
Claims (1)
1. A relay node selection method based on optimal threshold transmission scheduling in a Rayleigh fading channel is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) the envelopes of all signals from the source node to the relay node and from the relay node to the destination node obey Rayleigh distribution, and the signal-to-noise ratio gamma obeys
In which γ is0For average signal-to-noise ratio, the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio gamma of the relay node1，γ2，...，γKRearrangement from small to large to gamma(1)≤γ(2)≤…≤γ(k)≤γ(k+1)≤…≤γ(K)，γ(k)Let us call the kth order statistic, its probability density functionNumber f(k)(γ) is:
cumulative probability density function F(k)(γ) is:
wherein, the parameters in the formula are defined as follows:
F(k)(γ)：γ(k)a probability density function of;
F(k)(γ)：γ(k)a cumulative probability density function of;
f (γ): a cumulative probability density function of the signal-to-noise ratio γ, wherein
K: the number of relay nodes;
γ0: average signal-to-noise ratio;
γkinstantaneous signal-to-noise ratio of relay node k;
γ(k): after the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratios of the relay nodes are sorted from small to large, the kth order statistic of the signal-to-noise ratios is obtained;
2) each relay node senses channel information from a source node to itself and from itself to a destination node, and then informs the source node of energy required by information forwarding and self-stored energy; obtaining the average signal-to-noise ratio E [ gamma ] of the system through the channel information sensed by the relay node and the channel information received by the relay node and the destination node(k)]The following were used:
average transmission rate E [ C ](k)]The following were used:
wherein, the parameters in the formula are defined as follows:
b: a channel bandwidth;
Ps: a source node transmit power;
3) the optimal threshold transmission scheduling method selects the relay node, and the judgment of whether the link is established is based on the forwarding power P of the relay node kk≥2Emaxand/T, further calculating to obtain an interruption probability expression as follows:
wherein, the parameters in the formula are defined as follows:
Pk: the forwarding power of the relay node k;
Emax: the maximum energy storage capacity of the relay node;
t: the time required for sending the information from the source node to the destination node is T/2, and the time from the information source node to the relay node is the same as the time from the relay node to the destination node;
4) the system selects the maximum mean average transmission rate E [ C ] from the relay nodes meeting the conditions(k)]Select the optimal relay node k*Satisfies the following formula:
the constraint conditions are as follows: e [ O ](k)]≤Emax
Step 4.1: for the constraint in equation (6), the relationship between the minimum power and the maximum energy storage is converted to obtain the following equation:
constraint conditions are as follows: pk≥2Emax/T
Step 4.2: for the constraint condition in the formula, the interruption probability in step 3) is used instead, that is, when the interruption probability is smaller than the threshold, the link is established, and the following formula is obtained:
by using
Selecting an optimal relay node k when obtaining a maximum expected transmission rate*；
Step 4.3: according to the fact that the energy consumed by information sent from a source node to a relay node is equal to the energy consumed by information forwarded from the relay node to a target node, the average energy consumption E [ O ] of the system is obtained(k)]：
Simplifying formula (9), and obtaining the average energy consumption of the relay node transmission rate after sequential statistics:
substituting equation (1) into equation (10), and using integral equation
Obtaining:
from the equations (5) (11), the expected energy consumption of the system is obtained
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