CN110012526A - It is a kind of that the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated wirelessly is taken based on time slot switching - Google Patents

It is a kind of that the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated wirelessly is taken based on time slot switching Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110012526A
CN110012526A CN201910162760.5A CN201910162760A CN110012526A CN 110012526 A CN110012526 A CN 110012526A CN 201910162760 A CN201910162760 A CN 201910162760A CN 110012526 A CN110012526 A CN 110012526A
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node
energy
time slot
indicates
sensor node
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卢为党
宋茂寒
斯沛远
张昱
彭宏
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • H04W52/0248—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal dependent on the time of the day, e.g. according to expected transmission activity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

It is a kind of that the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated wirelessly is taken based on time slot switching, in the method, communication process is divided into two time slots, sensor node receives energy from wireless charging staking in the first time slot, the too low node of energy enters dormant state, and remaining node is in active or sleep state by TSCKN algorithms selection；Live-vertex sends information to aggregation node in the second time slot, and sleeping nodes continue to collect energy in the second time slot.Present invention introduces what is switched based on time slot wirelessly to take energy technology, and sensor node carries out collection of energy while receiving information, by the energy of dynamic regulation sensor node, adjusts the state of sensor, improves capacity usage ratio and the service life of wireless sensor network.

Description

It is a kind of that the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated wirelessly is taken based on time slot switching
Technical field
The invention belongs to the wireless sensors in wireless communication field to take energy field of communication technology, and especially a kind of node is slept Dormancy dispatching method.
Background technique
With the continuous development of super low-power consumption calculating and the communication equipment equipped with energy collecting device, current network system System and wireless communication system develop towards green communications.However, in reality, ever-increasing energy requirement and lower Capacity usage ratio restricts the further development of wireless sensor network.Sleep scheduling method is using wake-up dormancy mechanism to node It is scheduled, under the premise of guaranteeing network communication quality, by adjusting the working condition and redundancy rate of network node, reaches drop The purpose of low energy consumption, to improve the capacity usage ratio of node.
Existing sleep scheduling method includes: using the ASCENT method of adaptive sleep scheduling mechanism and using K neighbours It is connected to the CKN algorithm of sleep scheduling mechanism.Although both methods can reduce energy consumption, improve capacity usage ratio, all The energy load situation of sensor node is not accounted for, node death will will affect the service life of wireless sensor network.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problem that existing wireless sensor network sleep scheduling algorithm does not account for node energy load state, this hair It is bright provide it is a kind of the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated wirelessly is taken based on time slot switching, pass through the nothing that switches based on time slot of introducing Line takes energy technology, and the energy of dynamic regulation sensor node adjusts the state of sensor node, improves wireless sensor network Capacity usage ratio and service life.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A kind of wirelessly to take the node sleep dispatching method that communicated based on time slot switching, wireless sensor network, which is taken, to be communicated System is by wireless charging stake, wireless sensor node and aggregation node composition, and communication process is divided into two time slots, it is described based on when Gap switching wirelessly take the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated the following steps are included:
1) the first time slot, holding time τ T: wireless sensor node collects the energy from wireless charging stake；Wireless sensing The energy that device node is arrived according to current collectionENERGY E needed for sending informationc,u, residual amount of energyNeighbors number |Nu| and transmission rate R, active or sleep state are in by TSCKN algorithms selection；
2) the second time slot, holding time (1- τ) T: the sensor node in active state is received to aggregation node transmission The information collected, and continue to collect energy in the time slot in dormant sensor node, it is expressed asIt senses at this time The residual amount of energy of device node is expressed asCapacity usage ratio and the network coverage are calculated, to select more excellent time slot dividing point The range of τ；
Further, in the step 1), energy that wireless sensor node is collected intoIt indicates are as follows:
Wherein, T indicates the time span of a cycle, and τ indicates that the percentage of time of the first Time Slot Occupancy, Q indicate unit The energy collected in time indicates are as follows:
Q=η PtD-αGA (2)
Wherein, η indicates the energy conversion efficiency of sensor node, PtIndicate wireless charging stake transmission power, D indicate from Normalized cumulant of the wireless charging stake to sensor node, α expression path-loss factor, GAIndicate hybrid antenna gain；
Wireless sensor node sends ENERGY E consumed by informationc,uIt indicates are as follows:
Ec,u=ET(b,d)+ER(b) (3)
Wherein, ET(b, d) and ER(b) it is illustrated respectively in distance d and sends and receives the data packet of a b bit and consume respectively Energy, indicate are as follows:
ET(b, d)=bEelec+bdαEamp (4)
ER(b)=bEelec (5)
Wherein, EelecIndicate sensor node for running energy required for transmitter circuit, EampIt indicates in transmitter Amplifier energy consumed by a data packet is sent in unit distance；
The residual amount of energy of the first time slot of wireless sensor nodeIt indicates are as follows:
Wherein, EsIndicate the battery capacity of wireless sensor node,Indicate wireless sensing when a upper end cycle The residual amount of energy of device node；
The neighbors number of wireless sensor node | Nu| it obtains in the following manner:
Present node suA segment information is sent to surroundings nodes by way of broadcast, neighbors will feed back a letter Cease present node su, node suIts neighbors set N is obtained according to the feedback information receivedu, | Nu| it is just node suNeighbour Node number.
The information transmission rate of wireless sensor node indicates are as follows:
Wherein, h indicate live-vertex arrive aggregation node channel coefficients, p indicate the live-vertex information transmission power, σ2Indicate the noise power on the channel；
TSCKN algorithm is expressed as follows:
Wireless sensor node suAccording to the residual amount of energy of itselfEnergy collected by first time slotIt sends ENERGY E consumed by informationc,u, information transmission rate R and energy threshold EThresholdWith rate-valve value RThresholdSelection is in Active or sleep state；As node suThe sum of residual amount of energy and collection energy are not less than energy threshold and information transmission rate not When lower than rate-valve value, i.e.,And R >=RThreshold, then the node preliminary judgement is to enliven shape State, otherwise the node enters sleep state；For active state node su, select a random value ranku, the numerical value is broadcasted, and Collect neighbors NuRandom value be put into set RuIn；Then neighbors NuIt will set RuIt is broadcasted, is collected simultaneously from double bounce Neighbors NvRandom value be put into set Rv.If node suThe neighbors number possessed is less than k, i.e., | Nu| < k or two It jumps neighbors number and is less than k, i.e., | Nv| < k, then node suKeep active state；If node suNeighbors and double bounce neighbour section Point number is all larger than k, i.e., | Nu| > k and | Nv| random value is then less than rank by > kuNeighbors be put into set CuIn；If Set CuIn any two node can direct or indirect connection and each of which node have at least k from CuNeighbors, So node suInto sleep state.
Further, in the step 2), energy that sleeping nodes are collected intoIt indicates are as follows:
The ENERGY E that wireless sensor node is collected into 2 time slotsh,uIt indicates are as follows:
The residual amount of energy of sensor nodeIt indicates are as follows:
Wherein,WithThe residual amount of energy of live-vertex and sleeping nodes is respectively indicated, is indicated are as follows:
The capacity usage ratio of wireless sensor network indicates are as follows:
Wherein,
The coverage rate of wireless sensor network indicates are as follows:
Wherein, n indicates the coordinate points number generated at random, and count indicates the coordinate points number covered by live-vertex, by One judges each point whether under the covering of some live-vertex, if so, count adds one.
Technical concept of the invention are as follows: it is negative that existing wireless sensor network sleep scheduling algorithm does not account for node energy Load situation, the too low transmission that will will affect information of node residual amount of energy.In this patent method, sensor node, which utilizes, is based on time slot Energy communication means is wirelessly taken in switching, carries out collection of energy while receiving information, passes through the energy of dynamic regulation sensor node Amount, adjusts the state of sensor, improves capacity usage ratio and the service life of wireless sensor network.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: sensor node being capable of dynamic regulation energy and adjustment state, raising The capacity usage ratio of wireless sensor network and service life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is wirelessly being taken the node sleep dispatching method system model that can be communicated based on time slot switching and shown of the method for the present invention It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is used for while sending information and collects the time slot switching method of energy, and the first time slot τ T is for collecting Energy, the second time slot (1- τ) T is for sending information；
Fig. 3 is the analogous diagram of capacity usage ratio of the present invention under different neighbors numbers and different rates threshold condition.
Fig. 4 is the analogous diagram of coverage rate of the present invention under different neighbors numbers and different rates threshold condition.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig.1~Fig. 4, it is a kind of that the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated wirelessly is taken based on time slot switching, it is based on existing What some wireless communication systems was realized, it is described wirelessly take can communication network by wireless sensor node, aggregation node and wireless Charging pile composition, entire transmission process are divided into two time slots.
In the method for present embodiment, sensor node receives energy from wireless charging staking in the first time slot, at second Gap sends information to aggregation node.
The ENERGY E that live-vertex consumes in present embodimentc,u, the ENERGY E that obtains of live-vertex and sleeping nodesh,u, section The residual amount of energy of pointInformation transmission rate R can be prepared by the following:
Ec,u=ET(b,d)+ER(b) (3)
Wherein, h indicate live-vertex arrive aggregation node channel coefficients, p indicate the node information transmission power, σ2Table Show the noise power on the channel, ET(b, d) and ER(b) it is illustrated respectively in the data packet that distance d sends and receives a b bit The energy consumed respectively indicates are as follows:
ET(b, d)=bEelec+bdαEamp (4)
ER(b)=bEelec (5)
Wherein, EelecIndicate sensor node for running energy required for transmitter circuit, EampIt indicates in transmitter Amplifier energy consumed by a data packet is sent in unit distance.
It indicates the energy that the first time slot of wireless sensor node is collected into, indicates are as follows:
Wherein, T indicates the time span of a cycle, and τ indicates that the percentage of time of the first Time Slot Occupancy, Q indicate unit The energy collected in time indicates are as follows:
Q=η PtD-αGA (2)
Wherein, η indicates the energy conversion efficiency of sensor node, PtIndicate wireless charging stake transmission power, D indicate from Normalized cumulant of the wireless charging stake to sensor node, α expression path-loss factor, GAIndicate hybrid antenna gain.
It indicates the energy that the second time slot of wireless sensor sleeping nodes is collected into, indicates are as follows:
WithThe residual amount of energy of live-vertex and sleeping nodes is respectively indicated, is indicated are as follows:
Wherein, EsIndicate the battery capacity of wireless sensor node,Indicate the first time slot of wireless sensor node Residual amount of energy indicates are as follows:
Wherein,Indicate the residual amount of energy of wireless sensor node when a upper end cycle.
To the judgment method of node state in present embodiment are as follows:
Wireless sensor node suAccording to energy collected by the first time slotAnd residual amount of energySend information institute The ENERGY E of consumptionc,u, information transmission rate R and energy threshold EThresholdWith rate-valve value RThresholdSelection selection it is active or Sleep state；As node suThe sum of residual amount of energy and collection energy are not less than energy threshold and information transmission rate not less than speed When rate threshold value, i.e.,And R >=RThreshold, then the node preliminary judgement is active state, otherwise The node enters sleep state；For active state node su, select a random value ranku, the numerical value is broadcasted, and collect neighbour Node NuRandom value be put into set RuIn；Then neighbors NuIt will set RuIt is broadcasted, is collected simultaneously from double bounce neighbors NvRandom value be put into set Rv；If node suThe neighbors number possessed is less than k, i.e., | Nu| < k or double bounce neighbour section Point number is less than k, i.e., | Nv| < k, then node suKeep active state；If node suNeighbors and double bounce neighbors number Be all larger than k, i.e., | Nu| > k and | Nv| random value is then less than rank by > kuNeighbors be put into set CuIn；If set CuIn Any two node can direct or indirect connection and each of which node have at least k from CuNeighbors, then saving Point suInto sleep state.
Capacity usage ratio in present implementation indicates are as follows:
The network coverage in present implementation indicates are as follows:
This implementation wirelessly takes the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated based on time slot switching, and sensor node being capable of dynamic Energy is adjusted, state is adjusted, improves capacity usage ratio and the service life of wireless sensor network.
In the node sleep dispatching method of this implementation, the energy load situation of sensor node, node benefit have been fully considered Energy communication means is wirelessly taken with based on time slot switching, collection of energy is carried out while receiving information, is sensed by dynamic regulation The energy of device node adjusts the state of sensor, improves capacity usage ratio and the service life of wireless sensor network.
In the present embodiment, choose side length be 480 meters square be used as network area, by network according to side length be 60 Rice is divided into multiple small square areas, and wireless charging stake is placed on square region vertex, sends power 15W, each sensor section The working range radius of point is 60 meters, the duration T=10s in each period, path-loss factor α=2, and total node number is 300, energy conversion efficiency η=0.7.Show the increase with neighbors number k in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the capacity usage ratio of network and Coverage rate increased, and with the increase of rate-valve value R, capacity usage ratio and coverage rate will be reduced.According to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, User selects suitable capacity usage ratio threshold value according to demandWith coverage rate threshold value CThreshold, the suitable of τ can be obtained Range.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of wirelessly take the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated based on time slot switching, which is characterized in that wireless sensor network By wireless charging stake, wireless sensor node and aggregation node composition, communication process is divided into two time slots, described to be cut based on time slot Change wirelessly take the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated the following steps are included:
1) the first time slot, holding time τ T: wireless sensor node collects the energy from wireless charging stake；Wireless sensor node The energy that point is arrived according to current collectionENERGY E needed for sending informationc,u, residual amount of energyNeighbors number | Nu| And transmission rate R, active or sleep state are in by TSCKN algorithms selection；
2) the second time slot, holding time (1- τ) T: the sensor node in active state is to collected by aggregation node transmission Information, and in dormant sensor node the time slot continue collect energy, be expressed asSensor section at this time The residual amount of energy of point is expressed asCapacity usage ratio and the network coverage are calculated, thus the model of selected more excellent time slot dividing point τ It encloses.
2. wirelessly taking the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated based on time slot switching as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: In the step 1), energy that wireless sensor node is collected intoIt indicates are as follows:
Wherein, T indicates the time span of a cycle, and τ indicates that the percentage of time of the first Time Slot Occupancy, Q indicate the unit time The energy of interior collection indicates are as follows:
Q=η PtD-αGA (2)
Wherein, η indicates the energy conversion efficiency of sensor node, PtIndicate that the transmission power of wireless charging stake, D are indicated from wireless Normalized cumulant of the charging pile to sensor node, α expression path-loss factor, GAIndicate hybrid antenna gain；
Wireless sensor node sends ENERGY E consumed by informationc,uIt indicates are as follows:
Ec,u=ET(b,d)+ER(b) (3)
Wherein, ET(b, d) and ER(b) it is illustrated respectively in distance d and sends and receives the energy that the data packet of a b bit consumes respectively Amount indicates are as follows:
ET(b, d)=bEelec+bdαEamp (4)
ER(b)=bEelec (5)
Wherein, EelecIndicate sensor node for running energy required for transmitter circuit, EampIndicate putting in transmitter Big device sends energy consumed by a data packet in unit distance；
The residual amount of energy of the first time slot of wireless sensor nodeIt indicates are as follows:
Wherein, EsIndicate the battery capacity of wireless sensor node,Indicate wireless sensor node when a upper end cycle The residual amount of energy of point；
The neighbors number of wireless sensor node | Nu| it obtains in the following manner:
Present node suA segment information is sent to surroundings nodes by way of broadcast, neighbors will feed back an information and arrive Present node su, node suIts neighbors set N is obtained according to the feedback information receivedu, | Nu| it is just node suNeighbors Number；
The information transmission rate of wireless sensor node indicates are as follows:
Wherein, h indicate live-vertex arrive aggregation node channel coefficients, p indicate the live-vertex information transmission power, σ2Table Show the noise power on the channel；
TSCKN algorithm is expressed as follows:
Wireless sensor node suAccording to the residual amount of energy of itselfEnergy collected by first time slotSend information Consumed ENERGY Ec,u, information transmission rate R and energy threshold EThresholdWith rate-valve value RThresholdSelection is in active Or sleep state；As node suThe sum of residual amount of energy and collection energy are not less than not less than energy threshold and information transmission rate When rate-valve value, i.e.,And R >=RThreshold, then the node preliminary judgement is active state, it is no Then the node enters sleep state；For active state node su, select a random value ranku, the numerical value is broadcasted, and collect Neighbors NuRandom value be put into set RuIn；Then neighbors NuIt will set RuIt is broadcasted, is collected simultaneously and is saved from double bounce neighbour Point NvRandom value be put into set Rv；If node suThe neighbors number possessed is less than k, i.e., | Nu| < k or double bounce are adjacent Node number is less than k, i.e., | Nv| < k, then node suKeep active state；If node suNeighbors and double bounce neighbors Number is all larger than k, i.e., | Nu| > k and | Nv| random value is then less than rank by > kuNeighbors be put into set CuIn；If set Cu In any two node can direct or indirect connection and each of which node have at least k from CuNeighbors, then Node suInto sleep state.
3. wirelessly taking the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated based on time slot switching as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exists In: in the step 2), energy that sleeping nodes are collected intoIt indicates are as follows:
The ENERGY E that wireless sensor node is collected into 2 time slotsh,uIt indicates are as follows:
The residual amount of energy of sensor nodeIt indicates are as follows:
Wherein,WithThe residual amount of energy of live-vertex and sleeping nodes is respectively indicated, is indicated are as follows:
The capacity usage ratio of wireless sensor network indicates are as follows:
Wherein,
The coverage rate of wireless sensor network indicates are as follows:
Wherein, n indicates the coordinate points number generated at random, and count indicates the coordinate points number covered by live-vertex, sentences one by one Each point break whether under the covering of some live-vertex, if so, count adds one.
CN201910162760.5A 2019-03-05 2019-03-05 It is a kind of that the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated wirelessly is taken based on time slot switching Pending CN110012526A (en)

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CN114389725A (en) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-22 山东大学 Wireless energy supply communication network energy scheduling method and system based on freshness perception
CN115226056A (en) * 2022-07-12 2022-10-21 东南大学 Energy-efficient sensor dormancy scheduling method in remote state estimation system

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