CN107869131A - A kind of adaptive breakwater of combined type and wave absorption method - Google Patents
A kind of adaptive breakwater of combined type and wave absorption method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107869131A CN107869131A CN201711295680.4A CN201711295680A CN107869131A CN 107869131 A CN107869131 A CN 107869131A CN 201711295680 A CN201711295680 A CN 201711295680A CN 107869131 A CN107869131 A CN 107869131A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of adaptive breakwater of combined type and wave absorption method, including submerged breakwater, is characterized in:Lift is set close to the underwater on bank in submerged breakwater side, several upright blast pipes are fixed on the lowering or hoisting gear of lift, the lower end of blast pipe is connected by air inlet pipe with the gas outlet of air compressor, and the control terminal of lift and the control terminal of air compressor are connected with control system.Wireless receiving module is provided with control system, there is a sounding buoy to include wave instrument, wireless transport module, solar panel and the energy-storage battery set on floating body and floating body, the signal output part of the wave instrument is connected with the wireless transport module, and the wave instrument and wireless transport module are powered by the energy-storage battery.When wave is after breakwater, the information such as the wave height of actual wave can be detected, and then adjust wave absorption mode, secondary wave absorption process can be carried out, obtain better wave dissipation effect, preferably protect seashore and shore facilities.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coastal engineering technical field, is related to a kind of breakwater cut down wave action, prevent Coastal erosion,
The adaptive breakwater of specifically a kind of combined type and wave absorption method.
Background technology
Breakwater is a kind of relatively common hydraulic structure, and major function is to maintain in basin that the water surface is steady, prevents bank
Line erosion etc..Submerged breakwater is a kind of breakwater flooded under the water surface, simple in construction, natural landscape on the bank is not destroyed, in engineering
Widely applied.But submerged breakwater once builds completion, its wave resistance ability is certain, depending on Design Wave and depth of water etc.
Parameter, and can not be automatically adjusted with actual sea situation.Once sea situation exceeds design parameter, the wave damping effect of submerged breakwater will be by
Influence, serious consequence can be caused in some cases.
The content of the invention
The present invention is above mentioned problem existing for solution prior art, there is provided a kind of adaptive breakwater of combined type, works as wave
After breakwater, the information such as the wave height of actual wave can be detected, and then adjust wave absorption mode, secondary wave absorption mistake can be carried out
Journey, better wave dissipation effect is obtained, preferably protect seashore and shore facilities.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of adaptive breakwater of combined type, including submerged breakwater, it is characterised in that in the submerged breakwater side close to the underwater on bank
Lift is set, several upright blast pipes, blast pipe upper end threeway spray are fixed on the lowering or hoisting gear of the lift
Pipe designs, control blast pipe jet direction, and then rapid translating wave absorption mode.The lower end of blast pipe passes through air inlet pipe and air pressure
The gas outlet connection of contracting machine, the control terminal of the lift and the control terminal of air compressor are connected with control system, described
Wireless receiving module is provided with control system, has wave instrument that a sounding buoy includes setting on floating body and floating body, wireless pass
Defeated module, solar panel and energy-storage battery, the signal output part of the wave instrument are connected with the wireless transport module, institute
Wave instrument and wireless transport module is stated to power by the energy-storage battery.
Improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal:The air compressor and set-up of control system are close to the bank of the submerged breakwater
On, the power supply of the air compressor and lift is arranged on the bank, and the sounding buoy is arranged on described latent
On the water surface between dike and the lift.
One kind of above-mentioned technical proposal is improved:Each blast pipe upper end sets a three-way magnetic valve, the threeway
Magnetic valve includes an air inlet port and two exhaust ports, and the air inlet port connects with the blast pipe upper end, and described two
Upward, another exhaust port is towards the submerged breakwater in front, the threeway electromagnetism for an exhaust port in individual exhaust port
The control terminal of valve is connected to the control system, and it is horizontally-arranged that each blast pipe is arranged in one.
The another kind of above-mentioned technical proposal is improved:The blast pipe includes gas outlet straight duct upward and exhaust outlet
Towards the elbow blast pipe of the submerged breakwater, each straight duct lower end connects the first gathering tube, the first gathering tube with it is described enter
Tracheae is connected by the first magnetic valve, and each elbow blast pipe lower end connects the second gathering tube, the second gathering tube with it is described enter
Tracheae is connected by second solenoid valve, and the control terminal of first magnetic valve and second solenoid valve is connected to the control system,
It is horizontally-arranged that the straight duct with elbow blast pipe is spaced into one.
Further improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal:What the air inlet pipe and the lift were connected with the control system
The service cable of signal cable and the lift forms composite cable, and in the composite cable, the air inlet pipe is most interior
Layer, the signal cable and service cable are intermediate layer, and outermost layer is anti-corrosion waterproof and sealing material layer.
A kind of wave absorption method of the adaptive breakwater of combinations thereof formula, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Sounding buoy is arranged on after submerged breakwater close to bank side, a wave absorption is first carried out by the wave of submerged breakwater, to passing through
The wave of submerged breakwater measures and recorded again wave height, the cycle of wave by wave instrument, and the data that wave instrument measures are through wireless transport module
Control system is transferred to wireless receiving module, control system judges Wave energy according to the result of ocean wave factor analysis
Size, if wave still has larger destructive power, start secondary wave absorption process;Control system control air compressor turns
Speed controls the jet amount of blast pipe, utilizes the exhaust outlet release compressed air of the blast pipe to carry out secondary wave absorption, control system
System controls the lowering or hoisting gear lifting, and blast pipe upper end can be made to be in appropriate location, and threeway nozzle in blast pipe upper end is set
Meter, jet direction can be precisely controlled by control system, and then control the discharge directions of blast pipe.
Improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal:When blast pipe floods under water, control system control three-way magnetic valve makes row
The exhaust port release compressed air of tracheae upward forms air curtain, makes to pass through the wave height reduction after submerged breakwater;After submerged breakwater
The energy size and wave propagation direction, control system of transmitted wave automatically control lowering or hoisting gear and moved up, and make going out for blast pipe
Near the water surface, control system control three-way magnetic valve makes blast pipe exhaust port injection compressed air facing forward, shape for gas port
Into the water-glass surface current reverse with incident direction of wave travel, the secondary wave absorbing function of self-adapting type is formed.
Further improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal:When straight duct and elbow blast pipe flood under water, control
System control second solenoid valve is closed, the first magnetic valve is opened, air compressor delivery pressure into straight duct by air inlet pipe
Contracting air, air curtain is formed by the exhaust outlet release compressed air of each straight duct, make to pass through the wave height reduction after submerged breakwater;Root
Automatically control lowering or hoisting gear according to the energy size and wave propagation direction, control system of transmitted wave after submerged breakwater and move up, make curved
Near the water surface, control system controls the first closed electromagnetic valve, second solenoid valve to open, and makes blast pipe for the gas outlet of head blast pipe
Exhaust outlet injection compressed air facing forward, formation and the reverse water-glass surface current of incident direction of wave travel, form self-adapting type
Secondary wave absorbing function.
The present invention compared with prior art the advantages of and good effect be:
The present invention is not take up water surface space substantially, and mounts and dismounts conveniently.When wave passes through submerged breakwater, part energy is dissipated
Afterwards, and then continue to travel to up at sounding buoy, sounding buoy measuring system is started working, as wave still has compared with havoc
Power, then start secondary wave absorption process, the element of wave parameter such as the wave height of the wave measured according to wave instrument, cycle, analyzes wave
The size of energy, signal is provided by wireless transport module, reach control system and then adjust rotating speed and the row of air compressor
The design of pipe state, also threeway nozzle, nozzle direction can be controlled with wave incident direction on the contrary, more preferable so as to reach
Wave dissipation effect.The collective effect being precisely controlled with a variety of wave absorption modes of capacity so that whole system more efficiently and saves.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the adaptive breakwater of combined type of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of control principle block diagram of the adaptive breakwater of combined type of the present invention.
In figure:1- submerged breakwaters, 2- blast pipes, 2.1- three-way magnetic valves, 3- lifts, 4- air inlet pipe, 5- air compressors, 6-
Sounding buoy, 6.1- floating bodies, 6.2- waves instrument, 6.3- wireless transport modules, 6.4- energy-storage batteries, 6.5- solar panels,
7- control systems, 7.1- wireless receiving modules.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of embodiment 1 of the adaptive breakwater of combined type of the present invention, including submerged breakwater 1, in the side of submerged breakwater 1 close to bank
The underwater on side sets lift 3, and several upright blast pipes 2, blast pipe 2 are fixed on the lowering or hoisting gear of the lift 3
Lower end connected by air inlet pipe 4 with the gas outlet of an air compressor 5.The control terminal and air compressor 5 of above-mentioned lift 3
Control terminal be connected with a control system 7, wireless receiving module 7.1 is provided with control system 7.There is a sounding buoy 6
Including wave instrument 6.2, wireless transport module 6.3, solar panel 6.5 and the energy storage electricity set on floating body 6.1 and floating body 6.1
Pond 6.4, the signal output part of the wave instrument 6.2 are connected with the wireless transport module 6.3, and by the energy-storage battery
6.4 power supply.
Specifically:Above-mentioned air compressor 5 and control system 7 are positioned close on the bank of submerged breakwater 1, air compressor
5 and the power supply of lift 3 be arranged on the bank, the sounding buoy 6 is arranged between submerged breakwater 1 and lift 3
On the water surface.
Each upper end of blast pipe 2 sets a three-way magnetic valve 2.1, and three-way magnetic valve 2.1 includes an air inlet port and two
Individual exhaust port, the air inlet port connect with the upper end of blast pipe 2, in described two exhaust ports a exhaust port
Upward, for another exhaust port towards the submerged breakwater in front, the control terminal of the three-way magnetic valve 2.1 is connected to the control
System 7, it is horizontally-arranged that each blast pipe 2 is arranged in one.
The signal cable and the service cable three of lift 3 that air inlet pipe 4, lift 3 are connected with control system 7 are formed
Complex, wherein, air inlet pipe 4 is innermost layer, and signal cable and service cable are intermediate layer, and outermost layer is anti-corrosion waterproof sealing material
The bed of material.
A kind of embodiment 2 of the adaptive breakwater of combined type of the present invention, primary structure is same as Example 1, difference
It is blast pipe, 2 blast pipes of embodiment include the elbow of gas outlet straight duct upward and exhaust outlet towards the submerged breakwater
Blast pipe, each straight duct lower end connect the first gathering tube, and the first gathering tube passes through the first magnetic valve with the air inlet pipe
Connection, each elbow blast pipe lower end connect the second gathering tube, and the second gathering tube passes through second solenoid valve with the air inlet pipe
The control terminal of connection, first magnetic valve and second solenoid valve is connected to the control system, the straight duct and elbow
It is horizontally-arranged that blast pipe interleaved is arranged in one.
A kind of embodiment 3 of the adaptive breakwater of combined type of the present invention, primary structure is same as Example 1, difference
It is blast pipe, 3 straight duct ends of embodiment are three adjustable bearing rotary nozzles of water spraying direction, can be by automatic
It is in 90 ° with outer layer fixing pipe after control rotation, the wave direction of propagation is pointed to, each straight duct, which is provided with, divides magnetic valve.Three bearings
The design of swivel nozzle uses the bearing of the tangent angle of three sections of outlet pipes and two sealing and circulatings.Outside small-sized drive gear
Creating thrust deflection rotates pipeline section, and nozzle head and endpiece remain the core rotation relative with another rotary shaft
180°.3rd bearing is the final anglec of rotation that nozzle when going off course swivel nozzle, can be controlled in the stage of escape pipe afterbody
Degree.Each straight duct lower end connects a house steward, and house steward is connected with air inlet pipeline by total magnetic valve, and each straight duct is arranged in one
Horizontally-arranged, each point of magnetic valve and total solenoid valve control end are connected to the control system.
A kind of embodiment of the wave absorption method of the adaptive breakwater of combinations thereof formula of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
Sounding buoy 6 is arranged on after submerged breakwater 1 close to bank side, a wave absorption is first carried out by the wave of submerged breakwater 1, to saturating
The wave for crossing submerged breakwater 1 measures and recorded again wave height, the cycle of wave by wave instrument 6.2, according to the knot of ocean wave factor analysis
Fruit, judge the size of Wave energy, if wave still has larger destructive power, start secondary wave absorption process;Control system 7 is controlled
The rotating speed of air compressor 5 processed controls the jet amount of blast pipe 2, utilizes the exhaust outlet release compressed air of blast pipe 2 to carry out
Secondary wave absorption, control system 7 control lowering or hoisting gear lifting, the upper end of blast pipe 2 is in appropriate location, and pass through control system 7
Control the discharge directions of blast pipe 2.
Specific wave absorption method using the adaptive breakwater of the combined type of embodiment 1 is:When blast pipe 2 is fallen into oblivion under water
When, control system 7 controls three-way magnetic valve 2.1 the exhaust port release upward of blast pipe 2 compressed air is formed air curtain, makes
Reduced through the wave height after submerged breakwater 1;It is automatic according to the energy size of transmitted wave after submerged breakwater 1 and wave propagation direction, control system 7
The lowering or hoisting gear of control lift 3 moves up, and makes the air outlet of blast pipe 2 near the water surface, and control system 7 controls threeway
Magnetic valve 2.1 makes the exhaust port injection compressed air facing forward of blast pipe 2, is formed and the reverse water-glass of incident direction of wave travel
Surface current, form the secondary wave absorbing function of self-adapting type.
Specific wave absorption method using the adaptive breakwater of the combined type of embodiment 2 is:When straight duct and elbow are vented
When Guan Jun is flooded under water, control system control second solenoid valve is closed, the first magnetic valve is opened, and air compressor passes through air inlet
Pipe conveys compressed air into straight duct, forms air curtain by the exhaust outlet release compressed air of each straight duct, makes
Cross the reduction of the wave height after submerged breakwater;Automatically controlled according to the energy size of transmitted wave after submerged breakwater and wave propagation direction, control system
Lowering or hoisting gear moves up, and makes the gas outlet of elbow blast pipe near the water surface, and control system controls the first closed electromagnetic valve, the
Two magnetic valves are opened, and are made the exhaust outlet injection compressed air that blast pipe is facing forward, are formed and the reverse level of incident direction of wave travel
Surface is flowed, and forms the secondary wave absorbing function of self-adapting type.Using the specific wave absorption side of the adaptive breakwater of the combined type of embodiment 3
Method is:When straight duct is flooded under water, control system controls total magnetic valve to open, and air compressor is by air inlet pipe to total
Conveying compressed air in pipe and each straight duct, formed by the three bearing rotary nozzles release compressed air of each straight duct end
Air curtain, make to pass through the wave height reduction after submerged breakwater 1;According to the energy size of transmitted wave after submerged breakwater 1 and wave propagation direction, control
System processed automatically controls lowering or hoisting gear and moved up, and makes three bearing rotary nozzles of straight duct near the water surface, control system
Control three bearing rotary nozzles to rotate, control each point of magnetic valve to open, each straight duct is sprayed compressed air forward, formed with
The reverse water-glass surface current of incident direction of wave travel, form the secondary wave absorbing function of self-adapting type.
The wave absorption principle of the present invention:
1st, when blast pipe 2 floods under water
Compressed air is discharged using the exhaust port road of blast pipe 2 upward, forms the mesh that air curtain reaches wave height after reduction dike
's.
A. under bubble, the opposite level stream of both direction is formed in water surface, the level stream for side of heading sea causes
The intrinsic water quality locus of points motion of wave is destroyed, and is made wave breaking, wave energy decay, is caused wave height to reduce;
B. the water surface tension of another aspect bubble surrounding also functions to larger effect in terms of wave energy is cut down.It is upper with bubble
Rise, surface tension increase, partly weaken the energy of Fluctuating fluid, and part occurs before air curtain and reflects for incidence wave,
So that reduced by the transmission wave height of air curtain.
2nd, when blast pipe rises near the water surface
When the upper end of blast pipe 2 is near the water surface, blast pipe exhaust outlet injection compressed air facing forward, is formed and propagated with incidence wave
The reverse water-glass surface current in direction, to reach the purpose for reducing wave wave height.
Certainly, it is limitation of the present invention that described above, which is not, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, the art
Those of ordinary skill, made variations, modifications, additions or substitutions, fall within the present invention in the essential scope of the present invention
Protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of adaptive breakwater of combined type, including submerged breakwater, it is characterised in that the water surface in the submerged breakwater side close to bank
Lower setting lift, several upright blast pipes is fixed on the lowering or hoisting gear of the lift, the lower end of the blast pipe leads to
Air inlet pipe is crossed to connect with the gas outlet of air compressor, the control terminal of the lift and the control terminal of air compressor with control
System processed is connected, and wireless receiving module is provided with the control system, has a sounding buoy to include setting on floating body and floating body
Wave instrument, wireless transport module, solar panel and energy-storage battery, the signal output part of the wave instrument with it is described wireless
Transport module is connected, and the wave instrument and wireless transport module are powered by the energy-storage battery.
2. according to the adaptive breakwater of combined type described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the air compressor and control system
System is positioned close on the bank of the submerged breakwater, and the power supply of the air compressor and lift is arranged on the bank
On, the sounding buoy is arranged on the water surface between the submerged breakwater and the lift.
3. according to the adaptive breakwater of combined type described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that each blast pipe upper end is set
Put a three-way magnetic valve, the three-way magnetic valve includes an air inlet port and two exhaust ports, the air inlet port with
The blast pipe upper end connects, and upward, another exhaust port is before for an exhaust port in described two exhaust ports
The submerged breakwater of side, the control terminal of the three-way magnetic valve are connected to the control system, and it is horizontal that each blast pipe is arranged in one
Row.
4. according to the adaptive breakwater of combined type described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the blast pipe includes outlet
Towards the elbow blast pipe of the submerged breakwater, each straight duct lower end connection first converges for mouth straight duct upward and exhaust outlet
House steward, the first gathering tube are connected with the air inlet pipe by the first magnetic valve, and each elbow blast pipe lower end connection second converges
House steward, the second gathering tube are connected with the air inlet pipe by second solenoid valve, the control of first magnetic valve and second solenoid valve
End processed is connected to the control system, and it is horizontally-arranged that the straight duct with elbow blast pipe is spaced into one.
5. according to the adaptive breakwater of combined type described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the air inlet pipe and the liter
The signal cable and the service cable of the lift that drop machine is connected with the control system form composite cable, described compound
In cable, the air inlet pipe is innermost layer, and the signal cable and service cable are intermediate layer, and outermost layer is anti-corrosion waterproof sealing
Material layer.
6. according to the adaptive breakwater of combined type described in claim 3, it is characterised in that the air inlet pipe and the lift
The signal cable and the service cable of the lift being connected with the control system form composite cable, the composite cable
In, the air inlet pipe is innermost layer, and the signal cable and service cable are intermediate layer, and outermost layer is anti-corrosion waterproof and sealing material
Layer.
7. according to the adaptive breakwater of combined type described in claim 4, it is characterised in that the air inlet pipe and the lift
The signal cable and the service cable of the lift being connected with the control system form composite cable, the composite cable
In, the air inlet pipe is innermost layer, and the signal cable and service cable are intermediate layer, and outermost layer is anti-corrosion waterproof and sealing material
Layer.
A kind of 8. wave absorption method of adaptive breakwater of combined type as described in claim any one of 1-7, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps:
Sounding buoy is arranged on after submerged breakwater close to bank side, a wave absorption is first carried out by the wave of submerged breakwater, to submerged breakwater
The pull in shore wave of side measures and recorded again wave height, the cycle of wave by wave instrument, and the data that wave instrument measures are through being wirelessly transferred mould
Block and wireless receiving module are transferred to control system, and control system judges wave energy according to the result of ocean wave factor analysis
The size of amount, if wave still has larger destructive power, start secondary wave absorption process;Control system control air compressor
Rotating speed controls the jet amount of blast pipe, utilizes the exhaust outlet injection compressed air of the blast pipe to carry out secondary wave absorption, control
System controls the lowering or hoisting gear lifting, blast pipe upper end is in appropriate location, and control blast pipe by control system
Discharge directions.
9. according to the wave absorption method of the adaptive breakwater of combined type described in claim 8, it is characterised in that when blast pipe is fallen into oblivion
When under water, control system control three-way magnetic valve makes the exhaust port release compressed air of blast pipe upward form air curtain
Curtain, make to pass through the wave height reduction after submerged breakwater;According to the energy size of transmitted wave after submerged breakwater and wave propagation direction, control system is certainly
Dynamic control lowering or hoisting gear moves up, and makes the air outlet of blast pipe near the water surface, and control system control three-way magnetic valve makes
Blast pipe exhaust port injection compressed air facing forward, formation and the reverse water-glass surface current of incident direction of wave travel, are formed certainly
The secondary wave absorbing function of adaptive type.
10. according to the wave absorption method of the adaptive breakwater of combined type described in claim 8, it is characterised in that work as straight duct
When flooding under water with elbow blast pipe, control system control second solenoid valve is closed, the first magnetic valve is opened, air compression
Machine conveys compressed air into straight duct by air inlet pipe, and air is formed by the exhaust outlet release compressed air of each straight duct
Heavy curtain, make to pass through the wave height reduction after submerged breakwater;According to the energy size of transmitted wave after submerged breakwater and wave propagation direction, control system
Automatically control lowering or hoisting gear to move up, make the gas outlet of elbow blast pipe near the water surface, control system controls the first electromagnetism
Valve is closed, second solenoid valve is opened, and is made the exhaust outlet injection compressed air that blast pipe is facing forward, is formed inverse with incident direction of wave travel
To water-glass surface current, form the secondary wave absorbing function of self-adapting type.
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CN109032007A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-18 | 河海大学 | A kind of unrestrained system that disappears based on Internet of Things |
CN110878548A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-13 | 贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | Reservoir landslide surge energy dissipation device and surge propagation rule testing method |
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