CN107860372A - Sea bottom friction causes the field survey method of wave attenuation - Google Patents
Sea bottom friction causes the field survey method of wave attenuation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107860372A CN107860372A CN201711041917.6A CN201711041917A CN107860372A CN 107860372 A CN107860372 A CN 107860372A CN 201711041917 A CN201711041917 A CN 201711041917A CN 107860372 A CN107860372 A CN 107860372A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
- G01C13/002—Measuring the movement of open water
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of field survey method that sea bottom friction causes wave attenuation, including following operating procedure：The first step：It is flat or more slow gradient neritic province domain to select offshore；Second step：Carry out measuring point position；3rd step：Direction wave tide instrument is disposed in the point being laid out；4th step：Measure, the test constantly time covers the fluctuation tide of one day；5th step：After measurement, direction of recession ripple tide instrument；6th step：Read measured data；7th step：Carry out data preparation analysis；8th step：Wave attenuation coefficient caused by conversion obtains sea bottom friction.The present invention establishes a kind of field survey method weighed in neritic province domain and cause wave attenuation value by sea bottom friction, is suitable for the assessment for being related to shallow water area wave transformation characteristic in offshore engineering, ocean engineering and nearly islands and reefs engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of ocean engineering, especially a kind of sea bottom friction causes the field survey side of wave attenuation
Method.
Background technology
Wave is traveled near neritic province domain from profundal zone, due to sea bottom friction and infiltration combined influence, can cause wave
The change to decay.And different sediment form (silt, mud, sandstone or coral reef etc.) difference are larger, cause wave
Attenuation characteristic difference it is also larger.There is not ready-made measurement technology quantitative description also because wave caused by sea bottom friction declines at present
Depreciation.
The content of the invention
The problem of the applicant is directed in above-mentioned existing production technology and testing requirement, there is provided a kind of sea bottom friction causes ripple
The field survey method of wave decay, so as to synchro measure wave, ocean current and tidal level parameter and wave spectrum information, the measurement side
Method application apparatus is simple, easy to operate, and application flexibility is high, is suitable for neritic province domain difference sea-floor relief, landforms and Geology
Type.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of sea bottom friction causes the field survey method of wave attenuation, including following operating procedure：
The first step：It is flat or more slow gradient neritic province domain to select offshore；
Second step：Carry out measuring point position；
3rd step：Direction wave tide instrument is disposed in the point being laid out；
4th step：Measure, the test constantly time covers the fluctuation tide of one day；
5th step：After measurement, direction of recession ripple tide instrument；
6th step：Read measured data；
7th step：Carry out data preparation analysis；
8th step：Wave attenuation coefficient caused by conversion obtains sea bottom friction.
Further improvement as above-mentioned technical proposal：
In 8th step, the formula of conversion is
The equation that coefficient of friction is calculated using the spectral action balance equation along measurement line direction is as follows：
Wherein N=E/ σ are dynamic spectrum, and E is energy spectrum (converting to obtain by measurement time-histories wave height), SfBrought for bottom friction
Wave attenuation.UxAnd cgxIt is the flow velocity (direct measurement obtains) and wave group velocity for measuring line direction respectively.σ is to meet following color
The circular frequency for the relation of dissipating：
σ2=gktanh (kd) (2)
Bottom friction item can be written as：
Wherein d is the depth of water (direct measurement obtains), gravity acceleration g=9.81m/s2.Γ is attenuation coefficient, is with friction
Number fwRelation be：
Γ=fwg|Ux| (4)
In view of the possibility of power spectrum internal energy transfer, formula (1) formula is integrated to obtain：
Wherein,
If
So,
B Γ=A (10)
Can passes through the methods of least square method and obtains attenuation coefficient Γ.For the integral term in calculating process, here
Calculated using trapezoidal integration, differential term is then calculated using calculus of finite differences, i.e.,：
Δ x is projection of the measuring point spacing on wave propagation direction, and Δ t is every group of parameter measurement time interval.
The measuring point position can use straight line or matrix form.
The measuring point position of the form of straight lines uses three measuring points.
The measuring point position of the form of straight lines uses five measuring points.
The measuring point position of the matrix form uses four measuring points.
The measuring point position of the matrix form uses nine measuring points.
The direction wave tide instrument is measured using self-tolerant, and built-in dry cell, integral installation is on metallic support.
The direction wave tide instrument sample frequency scope is in 1~8Hz.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
The present invention is compact-sized, reasonable, easy to operate, by selecting the neritic area that offshore is relatively flat or the gradient is more slow
Domain, but measuring point can not be too near to bank again, prevent influence of the water front to reflexion of wave.The layout of measuring point can use straight line or matrix
Form, measure-point amount combine sea examination physical condition and laid as far as possible more.If measuring point position is form of straight lines, wave is kept to pass as far as possible
Broadcast direction and measurement line direction is consistent or deviation is smaller；If measuring point position is matrix form, add as far as possible on wave propagation direction
Close measuring point.The measuring point depth of water meets shallow-water wave condition or Finite Water Depth ripple condition with wavelength relationship.Spacing between measuring point at least above
One mean wavelength, otherwise measurement exist and interfered, and cause the insufficient influence measurement accuracy of wave propagation between measuring point.
The present invention establishes a kind of field survey method weighed in neritic province domain and cause wave attenuation value by sea bottom friction, fits
Together in the assessment for being related to shallow water area wave transformation characteristic in offshore engineering, ocean engineering and nearly islands and reefs engineering.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is measuring point position schematic diagram of the present invention (three measuring points, ★ represent measuring point).
Fig. 2 is measuring point position schematic diagram of the present invention (five measuring points, ★ represent measuring point).
Fig. 3 is measuring point triangular matrices schematic diagram (three measuring points) of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is measuring point triangular matrices schematic diagram (four measuring points) of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is measuring point tetragonal matrix schematic diagram (four measuring points) of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is measuring point tetragonal matrix schematic diagram (nine measuring points) of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is that the present invention has adopted wave height and spectral peak cycle time-histories figure (a).
Fig. 8 is that the present invention has adopted wave height and spectral peak cycle time-histories figure (b).
Fig. 9 is wave frictional attenuation index profile of the present invention.
Figure 10 is wave frictional attenuation coefficient normal distribution inspection figure of the present invention
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
As shown in Fig. 1-Figure 10, the sea bottom friction of the present embodiment causes the field survey method of wave attenuation, including as follows
Operating procedure：
The first step：It is flat or more slow gradient neritic province domain to select offshore；
Second step：Carry out measuring point position；
3rd step：Direction wave tide instrument is disposed in the point being laid out；
4th step：Measure, the test constantly time covers the fluctuation tide of one day；
5th step：After measurement, direction of recession ripple tide instrument；
6th step：Read measured data；
7th step：Carry out data preparation analysis；
8th step：Wave attenuation coefficient caused by conversion obtains sea bottom friction.
In 8th step, the formula of conversion is
The equation that coefficient of friction is calculated using the spectral action balance equation along measurement line direction is as follows：
This patent proposes to cause wave attenuation item by seabed based on action balance equation to handle to obtain, and then obtains wave
Coefficient of friction.Consider the influence of stream, the equation that coefficient of friction is calculated using the spectral action balance equation along measurement line direction is as follows：
Wherein N=E/ σ are dynamic spectrum, and E is energy spectrum (converting to obtain by measurement time-histories wave height), SfBrought for bottom friction
Wave attenuation.UxAnd cgxIt is the flow velocity (direct measurement obtains) and wave group velocity for measuring line direction respectively.σ is to meet following color
The circular frequency for the relation of dissipating：
σ2=gktanh (kd) (2)
Bottom friction item can be written as：
Wherein d is the depth of water (direct measurement obtains), gravity acceleration g=9.81m/s2.Γ is attenuation coefficient, is with friction
Number fwRelation be：
Γ=fwg|Ux| (4)
In view of the possibility of power spectrum internal energy transfer, formula (1) formula is integrated to obtain：
Wherein,
If
So,
B Γ=A (10)
Can passes through the methods of least square method and obtains attenuation coefficient Γ.For the integral term in calculating process, here
Calculated using trapezoidal integration, differential term is then calculated using calculus of finite differences, i.e.,：
Δ x is projection of the measuring point spacing on wave propagation direction, and Δ t is every group of parameter measurement time interval.
Measuring point position can use straight line or matrix form.
The measuring point position of form of straight lines uses three measuring points.
The measuring point position of form of straight lines uses five measuring points.
The measuring point position of matrix form uses four measuring points.
The measuring point position of matrix form uses nine measuring points.
Direction wave tide instrument is measured using self-tolerant, and built-in dry cell, integral installation is on metallic support.
Direction wave tide instrument sample frequency scope is in 1~8Hz.
Direction wave tide instrument is measured using self-tolerant, and built-in dry cell, integral installation is on metallic support.Data wire connection side
To ripple tide instrument, setting direction ripple tide instrument sample frequency and per the multicast flow parameter test constantly time.Direction wave tide instrument sample frequency
Scope is in 1~8Hz.The selection of sample frequency visually wave period, selects upper frequency when the cycle is smaller；When cycle is larger
Select lower frequency.Every group of test constantly time meets the condition for being more than 100 wave periods.
Direction wave tide instrument is disposed in each point position.The test constantly time covers the fluctuation tide of one day.
After being measured, direction of recession ripple tide instrument, measured data is read, carry out data preparation analysis, conversion obtains seabed
Wave attenuation coefficient caused by friction.
Above description is explanation of the invention, is not the restriction to invention, limited range of the present invention is referring to right
It is required that within protection scope of the present invention, any type of modification can be made.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of sea bottom friction causes the field survey method of wave attenuation, it is characterised in that：Including following operating procedure：
The first step：It is flat or more slow gradient neritic province domain to select offshore；
Second step：Carry out measuring point position；
3rd step：Direction wave tide instrument is disposed in the point being laid out；
4th step：Measure, the test constantly time covers the fluctuation tide of one day；
5th step：After measurement, direction of recession ripple tide instrument；
6th step：Read measured data；
7th step：Carry out data preparation analysis；
8th step：Wave attenuation coefficient caused by conversion obtains sea bottom friction.
2. sea bottom friction as claimed in claim 1 causes the field survey method of wave attenuation, it is characterised in that：8th step
In, the formula of conversion is
The equation that coefficient of friction is calculated using the spectral action balance equation along measurement line direction is as follows：
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Wherein N=E/ σ are dynamic spectrum, and E is energy spectrum (converting to obtain by measurement time-histories wave height), SfThe wave brought for bottom friction
Decay.UxAnd cgxIt is the flow velocity (direct measurement obtains) and wave group velocity for measuring line direction respectively.σ closes for the following dispersion of satisfaction
The circular frequency of system：
σ2=gk tanh (kd) (2)
Bottom friction item can be written as：
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Wherein d is the depth of water (direct measurement obtains), gravity acceleration g=9.81m/s2.Γ is attenuation coefficient, with coefficient of friction fw
Relation be：
Γ=fwg|Ux| (4)
In view of the possibility of power spectrum internal energy transfer, formula (1) formula is integrated to obtain：
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Trapezoidal integration is calculated, and differential term is then calculated using calculus of finite differences, i.e.,：
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Δ x is projection of the measuring point spacing on wave propagation direction, and Δ t is every group of parameter measurement time interval.
3. sea bottom friction as claimed in claim 1 causes the field survey method of wave attenuation, it is characterised in that：The measuring point
Layout can use straight line or matrix form.
4. sea bottom friction as claimed in claim 3 causes the field survey method of wave attenuation, it is characterised in that：The straight line
The measuring point position of form uses three measuring points.
5. sea bottom friction as claimed in claim 3 causes the field survey method of wave attenuation, it is characterised in that：The straight line
The measuring point position of form uses five measuring points.
6. sea bottom friction as claimed in claim 3 causes the field survey method of wave attenuation, it is characterised in that：The matrix
The measuring point position of form uses four measuring points.
7. sea bottom friction as claimed in claim 3 causes the field survey method of wave attenuation, it is characterised in that：The matrix
The measuring point position of form uses nine measuring points.
8. sea bottom friction as claimed in claim 1 causes the field survey method of wave attenuation, it is characterised in that：The direction
Ripple tide instrument is measured using self-tolerant, and built-in dry cell, integral installation is on metallic support.
9. sea bottom friction as claimed in claim 1 causes the field survey method of wave attenuation, it is characterised in that：The direction
Ripple tide instrument sample frequency scope is in 1~8Hz.
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711041917.6A CN107860372B (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2017-10-30 | On-site measurement method for wave attenuation caused by seabed friction |
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| CN201711041917.6A CN107860372B (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2017-10-30 | On-site measurement method for wave attenuation caused by seabed friction |
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| CN107860372B CN107860372B (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112326194A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-05 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Wave energy flux-based measurement and analysis method for calculating actually-measured wave friction coefficient |
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| US4000646A (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1977-01-04 | Texaco Inc. | Wave height measuring device |
| JPS60104779A (en) * | 1983-11-14 | 1985-06-10 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Wave force power generation by constant-pressurized tank system |
| CN103776430A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-05-07 | 河海大学 | Tidal flat near bottom boundary layer water and sand observation method and system |
| CN104484710A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-04-01 | 华侨大学 | Method of predicting erosion amount of soft sea cliff surface caused by wave action |
| CN106969755A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-21 | 天津大学 | A kind of method based on water pressure inverting sea wave height and cycle |
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2017
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| US4000646A (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1977-01-04 | Texaco Inc. | Wave height measuring device |
| JPS60104779A (en) * | 1983-11-14 | 1985-06-10 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Wave force power generation by constant-pressurized tank system |
| CN103776430A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-05-07 | 河海大学 | Tidal flat near bottom boundary layer water and sand observation method and system |
| CN104484710A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-04-01 | 华侨大学 | Method of predicting erosion amount of soft sea cliff surface caused by wave action |
| CN106969755A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-21 | 天津大学 | A kind of method based on water pressure inverting sea wave height and cycle |
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| Title |
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| 曲媛媛 等: "《渠道中的潮波运动与海底摩擦》", 《水动力学研究与进展》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112326194A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-05 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Wave energy flux-based measurement and analysis method for calculating actually-measured wave friction coefficient |
| CN112326194B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-07-26 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Wave energy flux-based measurement and analysis method for calculating actually-measured wave friction coefficient |
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| CN107860372B (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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