CN107855090B - It is a kind of to deenergize the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT - Google Patents
It is a kind of to deenergize the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT Download PDFInfo
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- CN107855090B CN107855090B CN201711235994.5A CN201711235994A CN107855090B CN 107855090 B CN107855090 B CN 107855090B CN 201711235994 A CN201711235994 A CN 201711235994A CN 107855090 B CN107855090 B CN 107855090B
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- hydrolysis
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- tnt
- dish type
- macromolecule alkali
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/35—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by hydrolysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
- B01J4/002—Nozzle-type elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/06—Explosives, propellants or pyrotechnics, e.g. rocket fuel or napalm
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2204/00—Aspects relating to feed or outlet devices; Regulating devices for feed or outlet devices
- B01J2204/002—Aspects relating to feed or outlet devices; Regulating devices for feed or outlet devices the feeding side being of particular interest
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00076—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements inside the reactor
- B01J2219/00081—Tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/18—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor
- B01J2219/185—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor vertical
Abstract
It is a kind of to deenergize the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis, including insulating tube for TNT, dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe is connected with by fixed bracket in insulating tube, dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe dish is spun in insulating tube, spiral axis and insulating tube coaxial arrangement；Lye injection pipe is nested on dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe, lye injection pipe and dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe are coaxially disposed, open on lye injection pipe with several micropores；Insulating tube is vertical setting, and thermal insulation medium is using heat preservation water, and heat preservation water is from the bottom water inlet of insulating tube into then going out from top delivery port；Dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe is TNT macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis area, TNT from the top feed mouth of dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe into, lye is sprayed from lye injection pipe, by reaction from the discharge hole for discharge of dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis bottom of the tube, the reaction solution flow direction kept the temperature in the flow direction and dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe of water is opposite；The present invention improves the treatment effeciency for scrapping explosive wastewater, while improving safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to explosive TNT technical fields, and in particular to it is a kind of for TNT deenergize basic hydrolysis vertical tubular reaction
Device.
Background technique
Currently, main high explosive to be used has TNT, DNT (dinitrotoluene (DNT)), hexogen (RDX), Losec in military affairs
The present (HMX) and nitrocellulose (NC) etc. are held in the palm, wherein using with TNT most.For the large batch of military place for scrapping explosive wastewater
Reason, both at home and abroad mainly using open incineration method, physical method, chemical method and biological degradation method etc..Although open incineration method is grasped
Work is simple, processing cost is low, but a large amount of highly concentrated pollution exhaust gas and solid-state combustion residue generated when burning, can be with air
Stream, rainwater or the soil erosion infringement mankind and ecological environment.Therefore, the U.S. begins to gradually abrogate outdoor burn to the mid-1970s
Burning method.And some physical means (such as mechanical crushing, mechanical calendering and solvent extraction etc.) is utilized, although can make to scrap explosive wastewater
Insecurity reduce, recycle some raw material or finished product, but the energy for consuming a large amount of solvent or needs is larger, and crush
There are certain risk with the process of calendering.And biological compost method is considered as innoxious, recycling processing method, but
What is mainly contained in TNT is benzene homologues, and benzene homologues generally all have toxicity to organism, discomfort share the method for biological compost into
Row processing.
In recent years, it is alkali hydrolysis method for the chemical method for scrapping explosive wastewater most study, uses hydroxyl at a certain temperature
Nitro on substituted benzene ring is to achieve the purpose that the nitro for deenergizing, and replacing can make nitrogenous fertilizer.In addition, control is different
Reaction temperature and reaction time can produce the industrial chemicals such as mononitrotoluene and dinitrotoluene (DNT).Explosive wastewater basic hydrolysis is scrapped to grind
Studying carefully most reaction vessels is using reaction kettle.Since TNT is energy-rich compound, can be released in alkaline hydrolysis process a large amount of
Heat seriously threatens the safety of operator so will appear the case where temperature rapidly increases suddenly in alkaline hydrolysis process.And
Reaction kettle is sequencing batch reactor, and treatment effeciency is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the above prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind deenergizes basic hydrolysis for TNT
Vertical tubular reactor, improve and scrap the treatment effeciency of explosive wastewater；Safety is improved simultaneously.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
It is a kind of to deenergize the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis, including insulating tube 1 for TNT, pass through fixation in insulating tube 1
Bracket 4 is connected with dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2, and dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 spirals in insulating tube 1, and spiral axis and insulating tube 1
Coaxial arrangement；Lye injection pipe 3, lye injection pipe 3 and dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 are nested on dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2
It is coaxially disposed, opens on lye injection pipe 3 with several micropores 31.
The insulating tube 1 is vertical setting, and thermal insulation medium is intake using heat preservation water, heat preservation water from the bottom of insulating tube 1
Then mouthfuls 12 from top delivery port 11 into going out.
The insulating tube 1 uses internal diameter for the steel pipe of 1200mm, a height of 2.0m.
Spiral method of the dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 in insulating tube 1 are as follows: first spiral from 1 upper end of insulating tube the bottom of to
Portion, the diameter that spirals are 1000mm, then screw pitch 110mm, a height of 1726mm are vertically raised to upper end from bottom and spiral again from upper end
To bottom, the diameter that spirals is 700mm, screw pitch 110mm, a height of 1726mm.
The dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 is TNT macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis area, and TNT is from the top of dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2
Feed inlet 21 is into lye is sprayed from lye injection pipe 3, by reaction from the discharge port 22 of 2 bottom of dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe
Discharging, the reaction solution flow direction kept the temperature in the flow direction and dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 of water are opposite.
The dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 uses internal diameter for the steel pipe of 70mm.
The lye injection pipe 3 uses internal diameter for the steel pipe of 10mm.
31 diameter of micropore is 2mm, and percent opening of the micropore 31 on lye injection pipe 3 is 30%.
The fixation bracket 4 is tripod.
It is a kind of for TNT deenergize basic hydrolysis vertical tubular reactor operation method, comprising the following steps:
First to 70 ± 1 DEG C of heat preservation water are passed through in insulating tube 1, the flow velocity for keeping the temperature water is 35.2m3/ h, then by TNT with
The rate of 69.5kg/h is added in dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2, when adding TNT for the first time, is by TNT and mass concentration
10% KOH solution is added to together in dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2, and the flow velocity of KOH solution is 0.590m3/ h, to dish type alkali
Hydrolysis pipe 2 is full of after KOH solution adds KOH solution from lye injection pipe 3 again.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
1. realizing TNT to deenergize the continuous operation of macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis, treatment effeciency is increased.
2. increase lye injection pipe 3, effective solution TNT in tubular reactor deenergizes basic hydrolysis blocking pipeline
Problem；At the same time it can also play stirring left and right, accelerate reaction rate, enhanced heat transfer effect；In addition, lye injection pipe 3 can be with
Backwash for tubular reactor.
3. heat exchange area can be increased using dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2, generated in alkaline hydrolysis process so that TNT deenergizes
Heat better insulation water absorption is taken away, and reducing during macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis that temperature of reactor is rapidly raised suddenly can
Energy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of the part A of Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of to deenergize the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis, including insulating tube 1 for TNT, heat preservation
Dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 is connected with by fixed bracket 4 in pipe 1, dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 spirals in insulating tube 1, disk
Spin axis and insulating tube 1 are coaxially disposed；Lye injection pipe 3, lye injection pipe 3 and dish type are nested on dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2
Macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 is coaxially disposed, and is opened on lye injection pipe 3 with several micropores 31, the not only TNT basic hydrolysis of lye injection pipe 3
Reaction provides lye, can also play stirring action to reaction solution, solve TNT and react in dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 and draw
The clogging risen；In addition, lye injection pipe 3 is also used as backwash tube use.
The insulating tube 1 is vertical setting, and thermal insulation medium is intake using heat preservation water, heat preservation water from the bottom of insulating tube 1
Then mouthfuls 12 from top delivery port 11 into going out, heat preservation water is not only the heat needed for TNT macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis provides, and can also be inhaled
It receives the heat that TNT macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis releases and takes reactor out of, stablizing for macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis is kept to carry out.
The insulating tube 1 uses internal diameter for the steel pipe of 1200mm, a height of 2.0m.
Spiral method of the dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 in insulating tube 1 are as follows: first spiral from 1 upper end of insulating tube the bottom of to
Portion, the diameter that spirals are 1000mm, then screw pitch 110mm, a height of 1726mm are vertically raised to upper end from bottom and spiral again from upper end
To bottom, the diameter that spirals is 700mm, screw pitch 110mm, a height of 1726mm.
The dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 is TNT macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis area, and TNT is from the top of dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2
Feed inlet 21 is into lye is sprayed from lye injection pipe 3, by reaction from the discharge port 22 of 2 bottom of dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe
Discharging, the reaction solution flow direction kept the temperature in the flow direction and dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 of water are opposite.
The dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 uses internal diameter for the steel pipe of 70mm.
The lye injection pipe 3 uses internal diameter for the steel pipe of 10mm.
31 diameter of micropore is 2mm, and percent opening of the micropore 31 on lye injection pipe 3 is 30%.
The fixation bracket 4 is tripod, and dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 is fixed on insulating tube 1, is played to it solid
It is set for using.
It is a kind of for TNT deenergize basic hydrolysis vertical tubular reactor operation method, comprising the following steps:
First to 70 ± 1 DEG C of heat preservation water are passed through in insulating tube 1, the flow velocity for keeping the temperature water is 35.2m3/ h, then by TNT with
The rate of 69.5kg/h is added in dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2, since TNT is sheet-like particle, for the ease of TNT in reaction tube
When adding TNT for the first time, it is anti-to be added to dish type basic hydrolysis by interior flowing together for TNT and the mass concentration KOH solution for being 10%
Should be in pipe 2, the flow velocity of KOH solution is 0.590m3/ h is sprayed from lye again after dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe 2 is full of KOH solution
Add KOH solution in pipe 3.
Embodiment described above only describe the preferred embodiments of the invention, not to model of the invention
It encloses and is defined, without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are to technical side of the invention
The various modifications and improvement that case is made are each fallen in the protection scope that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of deenergize the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis, including insulating tube (1) for TNT, it is characterised in that: insulating tube
(1) it is connected with dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2) by fixed bracket (4) in, dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2) spirals in insulating tube
(1) in, spiral axis and insulating tube (1) coaxial arrangement；Dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2) is nested inside with lye injection pipe (3), alkali
Liquid injection pipe (3) and dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2) are coaxially disposed, and are opened on lye injection pipe (3) with several micropores (31).
It a kind of deenergizes the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT 2. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The insulating tube (1) stated is vertical setting, and thermal insulation medium keeps the temperature bottom water inlet (12) of the water from insulating tube (1) using heat preservation water
Into then out from top delivery port (11).
It a kind of deenergizes the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT 3. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The steel pipe that the insulating tube (1) stated uses internal diameter as 1200mm, a height of 2.0m.
It a kind of deenergizes the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT 4. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Spiral method of the dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2) stated in insulating tube (1) are as follows: first spiral from insulating tube (1) upper end to bottom, disk
Rotation diameter is 1000mm, then screw pitch 110mm, a height of 1726mm are vertically raised to upper end from bottom and spiral again from upper end the bottom of to
Portion, the diameter that spirals are 700mm, screw pitch 110mm, a height of 1726mm.
It a kind of deenergizes the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT 5. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2) stated is TNT macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis area, top feed mouth of the TNT from dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2)
(21) it is sprayed in into, lye from lye injection pipe (3), by reaction from the discharge port of dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2) bottom
(22) it discharges, the reaction solution flow direction kept the temperature in the flow direction and dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2) of water is opposite.
It a kind of deenergizes the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT 6. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The steel pipe that the dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2) stated uses internal diameter as 70mm.
It a kind of deenergizes the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT 7. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The steel pipe that the lye injection pipe (3) stated uses internal diameter as 10mm.
It a kind of deenergizes the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT 8. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Micropore (31) diameter stated is 2mm, and percent opening of the micropore (31) on lye injection pipe (3) is 30%.
It a kind of deenergizes the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT 9. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The fixation bracket (4) stated is tripod.
10. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of for TNT deenergize basic hydrolysis vertical tubular reactor operation method,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
First to 70 ± 1 DEG C of heat preservation water are passed through in insulating tube (1), the flow velocity for keeping the temperature water is 35.2m3/ h, then by TNT with 69.5kg/
The rate of h is added in dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2), is 10% by TNT and mass concentration when adding TNT for the first time
KOH solution is added to together in dish type macromolecule alkali for hydrolysis pipe (2), and the flow velocity of KOH solution is 0.590m3/ h, to dish type basic hydrolysis
Reaction tube (2) is full of after KOH solution adds KOH solution from lye injection pipe (3) again.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711235994.5A CN107855090B (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | It is a kind of to deenergize the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711235994.5A CN107855090B (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | It is a kind of to deenergize the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107855090A CN107855090A (en) | 2018-03-30 |
| CN107855090B true CN107855090B (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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| CN201711235994.5A Active CN107855090B (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | It is a kind of to deenergize the vertical tubular reactor of basic hydrolysis for TNT |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB201419096D0 (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2014-12-10 | Firmenich & Cie | Improved apparatus and method for hydrolysing a product |
| CN108613604B (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2019-04-23 | 西安交通大学 | One kind scrapping ammunition thermal energy recovery process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6380367B1 (en) * | 1999-11-18 | 2002-04-30 | Basf Corporation | Continuous process for the production of sucrose based polyether polyols |
| CN202376982U (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-08-15 | 浙江友联化学工业有限公司 | Amidation reactor |
| CN102887771B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-03-12 | 中国人民解放军济南军区72465部队 | Fertilizer prepared by hydrolysis of bulk propellant powder and/or explosives and preparation method thereof |
| CN103408341B (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-04-22 | 中国人民解放军济南军区72465部队 | Energy-containing material safe disposal and resource utilization method and system |
| CN107952400B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-12-13 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Tubular reactor suitable for olefin oxidation |
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