CN107852197A - The equipment, system and method for power output are adjusted for being controlled using synchronous rectifier - Google Patents

The equipment, system and method for power output are adjusted for being controlled using synchronous rectifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107852197A
CN107852197A CN201680043315.1A CN201680043315A CN107852197A CN 107852197 A CN107852197 A CN 107852197A CN 201680043315 A CN201680043315 A CN 201680043315A CN 107852197 A CN107852197 A CN 107852197A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
power
power output
circuit
switch
current value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201680043315.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
P·梅内戈里
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Qualcomm Inc
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Qualcomm Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qualcomm Inc filed Critical Qualcomm Inc
Publication of CN107852197A publication Critical patent/CN107852197A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/4815—Resonant converters
    • H02M7/4818—Resonant converters with means for adaptation of resonance frequency, e.g. by modification of capacitance or inductance of resonance circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

In one aspect, a kind of device for being used for wirelessly receiving power includes receiving circuit, and it is configured as via being enough to receive wireless power to the magnetic field of load supplying or charging.The device also includes tuning circuit, and it includes variable reactive element, is coupled to receiving circuit, and is configured as detuning receiving circuit away from resonant frequency so that power output Level tune is horizontal to the first power output.The device includes rectifier, and it includes switch, is coupled to receiving circuit, and is configured as AC rectification as the direct current to power to the load.The device includes drive circuit, and it is configured as meeting driving switch during the first non-zero current value by the electric current of switch and adjusts the first non-zero current value to the second nonzero value so that the first power output Level tune to the second power output is horizontal.

Description

For controlled using synchronous rectifier adjust the equipment of power output, system and Method
Technical field
Present invention relates generally to the charging of the wireless power of rechargeable devices, and relate more specifically to use synchronous rectification Device is controlled to adjust power output.
Background technology
Increasing electronic equipment is powered via rechargeable battery.Such equipment includes mobile phone, portable Formula music player, laptop computer, tablet PC, computer peripheral, communication equipment (for example, bluetooth equipment), Digital camera, audiphone etc..Although battery technology has been improved, battery powered electronic equipment has increasing need for simultaneously And the further amounts of power of consumption, so as to usually require to recharge.Rechargeable device is generally by being physically connected to power supply Cable or other similar connectors are electrically charged via wired connection.Cable and similar connector there may come a time when it is inconvenient Or it is troublesome, and there are other shortcomings.Can in free space delivering power for being filled to rechargeable electronic equipment Electric or to electronic equipment offer power wireless charging system can overcome some defects of wired charging solution.Therefore, To electronic equipment, efficiently and safely the wireless power transmission system of delivering power and method are desired.
The content of the invention
System within the scope of the appended claims, the various realizations of method and apparatus each have some aspects, its In without individually on one side individually be responsible for desired properties described herein.Do not limiting scope of the following claims In the case of, there is described herein the feature that some are protruded.
The one or more for the theme for elaborating to describe in this manual in the the accompanying drawings and the following description is realized thin Section.Other features, aspect and advantage will become apparent from description, drawings and claims.Pay attention to, the phase of the following drawings Size may be not necessarily to scale.
The one side of theme described in the disclosure provides a kind of device for being used for wirelessly receiving power.The device Including being configured as via the receiving circuit for being enough to receive the magnetic field of load supplying or charging wireless power.The device also wraps The tuning circuit for including variable reactive element is included, tuning circuit is coupled to receiving circuit and is configured as detuning receiving circuit Away from resonant frequency so that power output Level tune is horizontal to the first power output.The device also includes being electrically coupled to reception electricity Road and exchange (AC) signal rectification for being configured as to generate in receiving circuit are the direct current (DC) for powering to the load The rectifier of signal, rectifier include switch.The device also includes being configured as meeting the first non-zero by the electric current of switch The drive circuit of driving switch during current value.Drive circuit is additionally configured to the first non-zero current value regulation to the second nonzero value So that the first power output Level tune to the second power output is horizontal.
The another aspect of theme described in the disclosure provides a kind of from the transmitter wirelessly method of receiving power Realize.This method is included via receiving circuit via being enough to receive wireless power to the magnetic field of load supplying or charging.The party Method also includes detuning receiving circuit away from resonant frequency via the variable reactive element for being coupled to receiving circuit that will export Power-level adjustments are horizontal to the first power output.This method also includes believing the exchange (AC) generated by magnetic field via rectifier Number rectification is direct current (DC) signal for powering to the load, and rectifier includes switch.This method is also included when by switch Electric current meets driving switch during the first non-zero current value.This method is also included the first non-zero current value regulation to the second nonzero value So that the first power output Level tune to the second power output is horizontal.
The another aspect of theme described in the disclosure provides a kind of device for being used for wirelessly receiving power.The device Including for via the device for being enough to receive the magnetic field of load supplying or charging wireless power.The device also includes being used to solve Receiving circuit is tuned away from resonant frequency with the device by power output Level tune to the first power output level.The device is also Including for exchange (AC) signal rectification generated by magnetic field to be believed for the direct current (DC) to power to the load via rectifier Number device, rectifier include switch.The device also includes being used for electric current the first non-zero current of satisfaction when by switching device The device of driving switch device during value.The device also includes being used for by the first non-zero current value regulation to the second nonzero value with by the The horizontal device of one power output Level tune to the second power output.
The another aspect of theme described in the disclosure provides a kind of non-transitory computer-readable medium including code, The code causes device wireless via being enough to receive the magnetic field of load supplying or charging via receiving circuit when executed Power.The code also causes the device to connect tuning receiving circuit away from resonant frequency so that power output level to be adjusted when executed Save horizontal to the first power output.The code also causes the exchange that the device will be generated via rectifier by magnetic field when executed (AC) signal rectification is direct current (DC) signal for powering to the load, and rectifier includes switch.The code is gone back when executed Cause device driving switch when meeting the first non-zero current value by the electric current of switch.The code also causes when executed The device adjusts the first non-zero current value to the second nonzero value with by the first power output Level tune to the second power output It is horizontal.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram according to the example wireless power delivery system of exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 2 is exemplary according to being used in Fig. 1 wireless power transmission system for various exemplary embodiments The functional block diagram of part.
Fig. 3 is the radiating circuit or reception electricity according to Fig. 2 for including transmitting antenna or reception antenna of exemplary embodiment The schematic diagram of the part on road.
Fig. 4 is the figure according to the exemplary power receiving element circuit of embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the figure of a part for the exemplary switching circuits that can be used in Fig. 4 power receiving element.
Fig. 6 is the figure for the exemplary power receiving element for including tuning circuit and rectifier circuit.
Fig. 7 be power output and induced voltage example values and power receiving element can be based on power output and Inductive voltage value and the figure of different tuning methods used.
Fig. 8 is the figure for showing the different output power control method for different output power controlled level.
Fig. 9 is to show the figure for the voltage of different power and magnitude of voltage and the different conditions of output power.
Figure 10 is the exemplary output of the switching current for different lagged values, rectifier input voltage and induced voltage Figure.
Figure 11 is to show showing for the rectifier hysteresis for different lagged values, battery current, system effectiveness and power output The figure of example property output.
Figure 12 is the exemplary output for showing the dissipated power for different lagged values, battery current and power output Figure.
Figure 13 is the flow chart according to the illustrative methods of disclosed reception wireless power herein.
The various features shown in accompanying drawing may not be drawn to scale.Therefore, for the sake of clarity, various features Size can be arbitrarily expanded or reduce.In addition, some accompanying drawings may be without all of description given system, method or equipment Part.Finally, in entire disclosure and accompanying drawing, identical reference can be used for representing identical feature.
Embodiment
In the following description, for illustrative purposes, many examples and detail are elaborated to provide to this public affairs The thorough understanding opened.It is apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that such as the disclosure expressed in detail in the claims Some or all of these examples feature can be included individually or with other combinations of features described below, and may be used also With the modification including feature described herein and concept and equivalent.
Wireless power transmission can refer to any type of energy associated with electric field, magnetic field, electromagnetic field etc. from hair Emitter is sent to receiver and without using physics electric conductor (for example, power can be transmitted by free space).It is output to wireless Power in field (for example, magnetic field or electromagnetic field) can be received by " power receiving element ", captured or coupled to realize that power passes Send.
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram according to the wireless power transmission system 100 of illustrative embodiment.Input power 102 can be with Be provided to transmitter 104 (not shown in the figure) from power supply, with generate be used for perform energy transmission it is wireless (for example, magnetic or Electromagnetism) field 105.Receiver 108 may be coupled to wireless field 105 and generated for the equipment by being coupled to power output 110 (not shown in the figure) is come the power output 110 that stores or consume.Transmitter 104 and receiver 108 can be with distance of separations 112. Transmitter 104 can include being used for the power emission element 114 for launching/coupling energy to receiver 108.Receiver 108 can be with Including the power receiving element 118 for receiving or capturing/coupling the energy launched from transmitter 104.
In an illustrative embodiment, transmitter 104 and receiver 108 can according to mutual resonant relationship come by with Put.When the resonant frequency of receiver 108 and substantially the same or very close resonant frequency of transmitter 104, transmitter 104 Transmission loss between receiver 108 reduces.Therefore, wireless power transmission can be provided over a larger distance.Therefore, it is humorous Shaking Inductive coupling techniques can be various apart from upper and using the transmitting of various induced powers and receiving element configuration allow to carry High efficiency and power transmission.
In certain embodiments, wireless field 105 can correspond to " near field " of transmitter 104, as described further below. Near field can correspond to following region：In this region, existing causes in power emission element 114 minimally by power spoke Penetrate the strong reacting field of electric current and electric charge away from power emission element 114.Near field can correspond in power emission element 114 About wavelength (or part thereof) in region.
In certain embodiments, by by most of energy coupling in wireless field 105 to power receiving element 118 without It is that most of energy transmission in electromagnetic wave to far field is subjected to effective energy transmission.
In certain embodiments, transmitter 104 can export have it is corresponding with the resonant frequency of power emission element 114 Frequency time-varying magnetic (or electromagnetism) field.When receiver 108 is in wireless field 105, time-varying magnetic (or electromagnetism) field can be in work( Electric current is induced in rate receiving element 118.As described above, if power receiving element 118 is configured as with power emission element The resonance circuit of 114 frequency resonance, then can effectively transmit energy.The exchange sensed in power receiving element 118 (AC) signal can be rectified to produce direct current (DC) signal that can be provided to load charging or power supply.
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram according to the wireless power transmission system 200 of another illustrative embodiment.System 200 can be with Including transmitter 204 and receiver 208.Transmitter 204 (also referred herein as power emitting unit PTU) can include transmitting electricity Road 206, radiating circuit 206 can include oscillator 222, drive circuit 224, front-end circuit 226 and impedance control module 227.Oscillator 222 can be configurable to generate the signal for the expected frequency that can be adjusted in response to frequency control signal 223. Oscillator 222 can provide oscillator signal to drive circuit 224.Drive circuit 224 can be configured based on input electricity Pressure signal (VD) 225 carrys out driving power radiated element 214 with the resonant frequency of such as power emission element 214.Drive circuit 224 can be configured as receiving square wave from oscillator 222 and export the switching amplifier of sine wave.
Front-end circuit 226 can include being used to filter out harmonic wave or the filter circuit of other undesired frequencies.Front end electricity Road 226 can include being used for the match circuit by the impedance of transmitter 204 and the matches impedances of power emission element 214.Such as It is eplained in more detail below, front-end circuit 226 can include being used to produce resonance circuit together with power emission element 214 Tuning circuit.As the result of driving power radiated element 214, power emission element 214 can generate wireless field 205 so as to It is enough to charge to battery 236 or wirelessly power output additionally is come to the level of load supplying.Impedance control module 227 can be with Control front-end circuit 226.
Transmitter 204 can also include being operatively coupled to the controller 240 of radiating circuit 206, controller 240 by with It is set to the one or more aspects of control radiating circuit 206 or completes other operations related to management power transmission.Control Device 240 can be microcontroller or processor.Controller 240 may be implemented as application specific integrated circuit (ASIC).Controller 240 Each part of radiating circuit 206 can be directly or indirectly operably connected to.Controller 240 can be additionally configured to from Each part receive information of radiating circuit 206, and calculating is performed based on the information received.Controller 240 can be by It is configured to adjust the control signal (for example, signal 223) of the operation of the part for the generation of each part.Therefore, control Device 240 can be configured as adjusting or manage power transmission based on the result for the operation being executed by it.For example, transmitter 204 The memory (not shown) for being configured as data storage can also be included, data are such as specific for causing controller 240 to perform The instruction of function (such as function related to the management of wireless power transmission).
Receiver 208 (also referred herein as power receiving unit PRU) can include receiving circuit 210, receiving circuit 210 Front-end circuit 232 and rectifier circuit 234 can be included.Front-end circuit 232 can include being used for the impedance of receiving circuit 210 With the match circuit of the matches impedances of power receiving element 218.As described below, front-end circuit 232 can also include be used for Power receiving element 218 produces the tuning circuit of resonance circuit together.Rectifier circuit 234 can be according to AC power input next life Into DC power outputs, to be charged to battery 236, as shown in Figure 2.In addition, receiver 208 and transmitter 204 can be single Communicated in communication channel 219 (for example, bluetooth, Zigbee, honeycomb etc.).Alternately, receiver 208 and transmitter 204 can be with Communicated using the characteristic of wireless field 205 via in-band signaling.
Receiver 208 can be configured to determine that the amount for the power launched by transmitter 204 and received by receiver 208 It is appropriate for charge to battery 236.Transmitter 204 can be configurable to generate with the main of the direct field coefficient of coup (k) It is non-radiative field for providing energy transmission.Receiver 208 may be coupled directly to wireless field 205, and can generate Power output is for being stored or consumed by the battery (or load) 236 for being coupled to output or receiving circuit 210.
Receiver 208 can also include controller 250, and controller 250 is similar to the quilt of mission controller 240 as described above It is configured to manage the one or more aspects of wireless power receiver.For example, receiver 208 can also include being configured as depositing The memory (not shown) of data is stored up, data such as (such as pass for causing controller 250 to perform specific function with wireless power The related function of the management sent) instruction.
As described above, transmitter 204 and receiver 208 can separate at a certain distance, and can be according to mutually humorous Relation shake to configure, to minimize the transmission loss between transmitter and receiver.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to Fig. 2 of illustrative embodiment radiating circuit 206 or a part for receiving circuit 210. As shown in figure 3, transmitting or receiving circuit 350 can include power emission or receiving element 352 and tuning circuit 360.Power is sent out Penetrate or receiving element 352 can also be referred to as or be configured as antenna or " loop " antenna.Term " antenna " typically refers to can be with Energy is wirelessly exported or received to be coupled to the part of another " antenna ".Power emission or receiving element 352 are herein It can be referred to as or be configured as " magnetic " antenna or induction coil, a part for resonator or resonator.Power emission or Receiving element 352 can also be referred to as being configured as wirelessly exporting or the coil or resonator of the type of receiving power.Such as this Used in text, power emission or receiving element 352 is configured as wirelessly exporting and/or " the power of the type of receiving power The example of transmission part ".Power emission or receiving element 352 can include air-core or physics magnetic core, such as FERRITE CORE (not shown).
When power emission or receiving element 352 are configured as resonance circuit or resonator together with tuning circuit 360, Power emission or the resonant frequency of receiving element 352 can be based on inductance and electric capacity.Inductance can be simply by forming power Inductance caused by the coil or other inductors of transmitting or receiving element 352.Electric capacity (for example, capacitor) can be by tuning circuit 360 provide, to produce the resonance structure of desired resonant frequency.As non-limiting example, tuning circuit 360 can include Capacitor 354, and capacitor 356 can be added to transmitting and/or receiving circuit 350 to produce resonance circuit.
Tuning circuit 360 can include the miscellaneous part that resonance circuit is formed together with power emission or receiving element 352. As another non-limiting example, tuning circuit 360 can include the electric capacity being placed in parallel between two terminals of circuit 350 Device (not shown).Other designs are also possible.In certain embodiments, the tuning circuit in front-end circuit 226 can have (such as 360) are designed with the tuning circuit identical in front-end circuit 232.In other embodiments, front-end circuit 226 can make Designed with different from the tuning circuit in front-end circuit 232.
For power emission element, have substantially corresponding with the resonant frequency of power emission or receiving element 352 The signal 358 of frequency can be destined to the input of power emission or receiving element 352.For power receiving element, there is essence The signal 358 of the upper frequency corresponding with the resonant frequency of power emission or receiving element 352 can be come from power emission or The output of receiving element 352.Provided herein is embodiment and description can apply to resonance and disresonance and realize (for example, being used for The resonance and non-resonant circuit of power emission or receiving element and resonance and unresonant system).
Fig. 4 is the figure for the exemplary power receiving element structure 400 for including synchronous rectifier 420.As illustrated, power connects Receive component structure 400 include voltage source 401, resistance R5 402, resistance R12 416, inductor L2 403, capacitor C1 404, Capacitor C2 405, capacitor C4 406 and capacitor C5 407.In the exemplary configuration shown in Fig. 4, voltage source can have There is 0 to 4.243V sinusoidal voltage scope, its frequency is 6.78MHz, and resistance R5 402 can have 667m Ω resistance, resistance R12 416 can have 1 μ Ω resistance, inductor L2 403 can have 766nH inductance, capacitor C1 404, C2405, C4 406 and C5 407 can have 50pF, 1nF, 1nF and 150pF electric capacity respectively.In some respects, the resistance shown in Fig. 4 The intrinsic resistance of part rather than the resistance of separation of power receiving element structure 400 can be represented.In certain embodiments, it is electric Potential source 401 is only existed for representing time-varying induced voltage in response to the magnetic field of outside generation during operation.In some respects, It can be measured across the voltage of voltage source at terminal " rx " 417 and " neg " 419.In some respects, power receiving element structure 400 resonance circuit can include inductor L2 403 and capacitor C1 404 and C5 407.Power receiving element structure 400 Also include rectifier 420, rectifier 420 includes diode D1 421, D2 422, D3 423 and D4 424 (being referred to as D1-D4) And switch S2 425, S3 426, S5 427 and S6 428 (being referred to as S2-S3 and S5-S6).In certain embodiments, power Receiving element structure 400 can include the drive circuit for being configured as coming via signal " dr " 440 and " drb " 441 driving switch 455.In some respects, diode D1-D4 represents diode actual present in rectifier 420.In some respects, diode D1-D4 represents switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 body diode.Although rectifier 420 includes full-bridge rectifier, in its other party Face, half bridge rectifier can be used.Transistor (for example, MOSFET, JFET etc.) can be included or appoint by switching S2-S3 and S5-S6 What other kinds of switch.In certain embodiments, rectifier 420 can show that Fig. 2 the exemplary of rectifier circuit 234 is matched somebody with somebody Put.Herein in connection with the occurrence of Fig. 4 component representation be merely exemplary and it is nonrestrictive.
In certain embodiments, the synchronous rectification of rectifier 420 can be by Operation switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 in ZVS Turn on and broken in ZCS (Zero Current Switch) to obtain in (ZVT).When using rectifier 420, S2- is switched S3 and S5-S6 operation can be timed and be controlled to match the input signal from voltage source 401.
In certain embodiments, adjusting switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 operation causes switch no longer to be grasped with ZVS and/or ZCS Work is probably beneficial.Especially, switching S2-S3 and S5-S6 disconnection timing can be changed or postpone, to allow to switch Current reversal in S2-S3 and S5-S6.In such embodiments, electric current can initially flow into load, and in disconnection For the previous period, electric current can flow back to resonance circuit (for example, L2 403 and C1 404 and C5 407) from load.Switch S2- This delay of S3 and S5-S6 gap may cause change and the electricity of the effective impedance such as seen when observing rectifier Flow the translation of phase.In some respects, if for example, being realized in closed-loop embodiment, power receiving element 400 can pass through Adjusting switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 timing or threshold value control the power output of load.
For example, in certain embodiments, receiving circuit can be configured as via being enough to load supplying or to charging Magnetic field exchanges (AC) signal to receive wireless power and can generate the grade of voltage source 401.Rectifier 420 can be electrically coupled It is the direct current for powering to the load to receiving circuit and the AC signal rectifications that are configured as to generate in receiving circuit (DC) signal.Rectifier 420 includes switch (for example, S2-S3 and S5-S6) and is configured as meeting by the electric current of switch The drive circuit 455 of driving switch during non-zero current value.In some respects, non-zero current value is to signal drive circuit to close Close or disconnect the threshold value of switch.In some respects, non-zero current value is negative current magnitude so that directional current is before switching off In a period of time receiving circuit is flowed back to from load.Drive circuit can adjust non-zero current value to adjust the output work of load Rate.In some respects, drive circuit adjusts non-zero electricity based on the self-supported feedback horizontal on desired power output is carried out The size of flow valuve.In some respects, drive circuit by be coupled to switch (for example, S2-S3 and S5-S6) current sensor or Comparator determines that non-zero current value is satisfied.
Fig. 5 is the figure for the exemplary switching circuits 500 that can be included in Fig. 4 rectifier circuit 420.Such as Fig. 5 institutes Show, on-off circuit 500 includes the switch S1 with parallel diode D1.Diode D1 can include the body of any MOS transistor Diode.On-off circuit 500 also includes the terminal " rect " 501 of comparison switch and the electricity of terminal " out " 510 across switch S1 The comparator 550 of pressure and when sending signal to switch S1 to disconnect or close when the voltage or electric current for switching S1 reach threshold value Combination switch S1 drive circuit 555.In certain embodiments, drive circuit 555 send signal to terminal " dr " 440 and/or Terminal " drb " 441 (referring to Fig. 4) switchs (for example, S2-S3 and S5-S6) accordingly to drive or activate.For example, in some sides Face, Fig. 4 switch S2 425 and S3 426 (and corresponding diode D2 422 and D3 423) could alternatively be on-off circuit 500, on-off circuit 500 is included with signaling " dr " 440 and/or " drb " 441 with driving switch S2's 425 and S3 426 The comparator 550 that drive circuit 555 couples.In other respects, S5 427 and S6 428 (and corresponding diode D1 are switched 421 and D4 424) it could alternatively be on-off circuit 500.As described above, in synchronous rectifier circuit, as terminal rect 501 When (for example, ZVS) equal with terminal out 510 voltage, comparator 550 can send signal and (that is, be closed with turning on switch S1 Switch).In addition, as terminal rect 501 (for example, ZCS) equal with terminal out 510 electric current, comparator 550 can be sent out The number of delivering letters switchs S1 (that is, disconnect and switching) to disconnect.
As described above, it may be desirable to which adjusting switch S1 operation is transported to load (for example, Fig. 2 battery 236) to adjust Power output.Lagged for example, can increase to comparator 550 so that when terminal rect 501 voltage is not zero Switch S1 conducting.In some respects, hysteresis include be used to determine when or under what conditions driving switch S1 threshold value electricity Pressure or electric current.For example, as big 30mV (that is, the V of voltage of the voltage ratio out terminals 510 in rect terminals 501rect-Vout= When 30mV), the threshold value that comparator 550 is used for turning on switch S1 can occur.In this illustration, hysteresis will be 30mV.One A little aspects, comparator 550 determine the big 30mV of voltage of the voltage ratio out terminals 510 in rect terminals 501, and it is logical to signal Know the conducting switch of drive circuit 555 S1.Therefore, switch when voltages of the S1 at its both ends is not zero (non-ZVS) and turn on.Similarly, Hysteresis (for example, -30mV) can be added so that when terminal rect 501 voltage less than terminal out 510 voltage (for example, Vrect-Vout=-30mV) when, switch S1 disconnection occurs.Therefore, switching S1 can not be zero or bears flowing through its electric current Disconnected during value.
In some respects, being turned on or off for delay switch S1 can be equal to switch S1 increase hysteresis, so that on The phase of the phase of voltage effectively translation current.Fig. 5 hysteresis realize provide it is a kind of be used to sensing electric current/regulation threshold value with Mechanism for controlling switch.In some respects, can be sensed using any kind of current sensing circuit or other schemes Adjusting switch S1 timing is determined how by switching S1 electric current, and based on electric current.For example, in one aspect, switch S1 may be coupled to be configured as current sensor of the sensing by the electric current of switch.Sensor can be additionally configured to based on sense The electric current measured carrys out adjusting switch S1 timing.
In some respects, power receiving element 400 can include being used for the level for measuring the power output for being supplied to load Output unit.In some respects, power receiving element 400 or the controller of load can provide feedback to rectifier 420. Some aspects, feedback can include the difference between the aspiration level or power output and desired power output of power request. In some respects, rectifier or controller may then based on the feedback of the desired power output on to maintain or adjust Determine how the timing of adjusting switch (for example, S2-S3 and S5-S6) or the hysteresis of comparator 550.As described above, rectifier 420 Or controller may then based on identified regulation and come the dynamically timing of adjusting switch (for example, S2-S3 and S5-S6) and threshold It is worth (hysteresis), to maintain, desired power output is horizontal or the desired power output level of regulation.
In other embodiments, when power receiving element 400 resonance circuit by using tuning circuit (for example, tuning Capacitor, flying capcitor device, variable condenser, variometer etc.) with reactance displacement operated when, it is humorous with resonant operation The circuit that shakes is compared, and the regulation of the timing of hysteresis effect or switch can be greater than or equal to the situation of output voltage in induced voltage Under there is increased influence on power output.As described above, in low induced voltage and without any significant electric migration-resistant In the case of, go to the power of load by increasing hysteresis to increase.On the contrary, in higher induced voltage and by tuning circuit In the case of the given reactance displacement that (for example, flying capcitor device is de-tuned) is realized, transmitted by increasing hysteresis level to reduce To the amount of the power of load (for example, Fig. 2 battery 236).
Fig. 6 is the figure for the exemplary power receiving element 600 for including tuning circuit 610 and rectifier circuit 420.Power connects Receive element 600 also include resonance circuit 605, battery or load 690, drive circuit 625, rectifier boost control circuit 630, Rectifier buck control circuit 640 and error amplifier 631,641,651 and 652.In certain embodiments, tuning circuit 610 can include variable reactive element (for example, tuning capacitor, flying capcitor device, variable condenser, variometer etc.). Tuning circuit 610 can be configured as detuning resonance circuit 605 away from resonance or tuned resonance circuit 605 closer to humorous Shake.In certain embodiments, tuning circuit 610 is configured as producing the reactance displacement of resonance circuit 605.In some respects, base Shifted in reactance, the impedance of rectifier can be from close to changing into close to non-from anywhere in zero (for example, in resonance) It is often negative (for example, capacitive character).In some respects, switched (for example, S2-S3 and S5-S6) by adjusting above-mentioned rectifier circuit 420 Timing or threshold value, the detuning of resonance circuit 605 can advantageously increase when being used in combination with the tuning of rectifier circuit 420 When output power scope.
In certain embodiments, switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 timing or the regulation of threshold value can be by rectifier boosting rectifier controls Circuit 630 and/or rectifier buck control circuit 640 control.For example, rectifier boost control circuit 630 can be configured To increase the maximum that the power output of rectifier 420 exceedes tuning circuit 610.In addition, rectifier buck control circuit 640 can To be configured as reducing detuning limit of power of the power output more than tuning circuit 610 of rectifier 420.
In certain embodiments, power receiving element 600 receives some inputs to determine to use which type of control Make to adjust induced voltage and/or power output.As shown in fig. 6, error amplifier 651 receives reference current (Iref1), temperature Resonator control source is inputted as input.Under normal circumstances, in these inputs, leading input be present (if for example, electricity Stream is conditioned, then current reference be present), and other inputs are secondary inputs.Only when the parameter for distributing to secondary input is higher than During given threshold value, secondary input can turn into the limiting factor influenceed with reference to (generally reducing reference value).In alternative solution, Error amplifier 651 above may have multiplexer to select appropriate parameter every now and then.In some respects, error is amplified Device 651 is it is then determined that and export the reference current (Iref) or reference voltage that are used by error amplifier 631,641 and 652 (Vref, being not shown), to determine the amount (if any) of required tuning or delay control.Fb signals as shown in Figure 6 Feedback signal is referred to, it depends on controlled parameter and can be electric current, voltage, temperature, resonance potential or other specification feedback. Some aspects, error amplifier 652 controls tuning circuit 610, and fb signals refer to variable reactive element (for example, can power transformation Container) feedback.In some respects, two or more in error amplifier 631,641 and 652 can work simultaneously.At it In terms of him, they can work respectively.In certain embodiments, error amplifier 631,641 and 652 generates error signal, So that their input (for example, curtage) tracks each other, so as to adjust desired parameter.
Fig. 7 is that the example values of power output and induced voltage and power receiving element 600 can be based on power output With inductive voltage value come Figure 70 0 of different tuning methods for using.Figure 70 0 shows induced voltage in y-axis (for example, voltage Source 401) value and power output (for example, going to the power of battery 690) value.Figure 70 0 also show maximum induced voltage water Flat 705, minimum induced voltage level 710, the first power output level 720 and the second power output level 725, the second output work Rate level 725 is higher than the first power output level 720.
As shown in fig. 7, being on close level in induced voltage or during less than minimum induced voltage level 710, power receiving element 600 can increase induced voltage and/or output work using rectifier boosting rectifier control via rectifier boost control circuit 630 Rate.For example, rectifier boost control circuit 630 and rectifier 420 can by adjusting switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 timing or Threshold value raises or increases induced voltage and/or power output.In one aspect, filled if the voltage level of battery 690 is close Electric horizontal end, then power receiving element 600, which can be operated with constant-voltage mode and may want to increase, goes to battery 690 power output.In one aspect, rectifier boost control circuit 630 can reduce switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 disconnection The hysteresis of timing so that the less electric current from battery 690 flows back to resonance circuit 605, and this can increase power output.
In addition, being on close level in high induced voltage or during higher than maximum induced voltage level 705, power receiving element 600 can be controlled using rectifier buck to reduce induced voltage and/or output work via rectifier buck control circuit 640 Rate.For example, if battery 690 terminates (for example, at high induced voltage level) close to fully charged or charging, power connects Receiving element 600 can be operated with constant-voltage mode and may want to power output being reduced to close to zero.In some sides Face, rectifier buck control circuit 640 delay switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 disconnection timing, this allows some electric currents from battery 690 flow back to resonance circuit 605, and this can reduce power output.Also figure 7 illustrates in maximum induced voltage level 705 and most (for example, opereating specification) between small induced voltage level 710, power receiving element 600 can be controlled using tuning circuit 610 The induced voltage and/or power output of rectifier 420.
As described above, tuning circuit 610 can be limited with measuring, its can adjust the induced voltage of rectifier 402 and/ Or power output.The minimum value that tuning circuit 610 can adjust rectifier 420 is defeated in maximum induced voltage level 705 and first Go out at the intersecting point of power level 720 and be illustrated.The maximum that tuning circuit 610 can adjust rectifier 420 senses in minimum It is illustrated at the intersecting point of the power output level 725 of voltage level 710 and second.In addition, under typical charge condition, in electricity During the initial charge in pond 690, power receiving element 600 can with the first power level 720 and the second power level 725 it Between show constant current charging mode operation.Under constant current charging mode, tuning circuit 610 can adjust variable reactance The value of element is to maintain to go to the constant current of battery 690.After voltage level in battery 690 meets threshold value, power connects Receiving element can be in zero and first constant-voltage mode (also referred to as trickle charge or beacon extension between power level 720 Pattern) in operate.Under constant-voltage mode, rectifier 420 can with adjusting switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 timing or threshold value with Electric current and/or power output are adjusted to maintain the constant voltage at battery 690.In some respects, rectifier buck and boosting are controlled System occurs during constant-voltage mode.
Fig. 8 is the Figure 80 0 for showing the different output power control method for different output power controlled level.Figure 80 0 Show the time value on the output power value and x-axis in y-axis.Fig. 8 also show the first output work represented by horizontal dotted line Rate level 805, it represents the output power value that can be tuned via tuning circuit 610 or rectifier buck control circuit 640 The border of scope.Fig. 8 also includes the second power output level 810 higher than the first power output level 805, and it is represented can be through The border of the scope of the output power value tuned by tuning circuit 610 or rectifier boost control circuit 630.In some respects, First power output level 805 correspond to tuning circuit 610 can by power output be tuned to minimum output power it is horizontal. Some aspects, the second power output level 810 correspond to tuning circuit 610 can by power output be tuned to maximum work output Rate is horizontal.
Fig. 9 is to show that power receiving element (for example, power receiving element 600) can be directed to different power and magnitude of voltage And the voltage and Figure 90 0 of the different conditions of output power used.In certain embodiments, Figure 90 0 can be connect by power Element 400 or 600 is received to realize.In state 902, error amplifier 651 can receive the input 901 of resonance circuit 605, such as Voltage, temperature and/or electric current.In certain embodiments, error amplifier 651 determines resonance circuit 605 (for example, power receives The outer ring of element 600) levels of current (Iref) or voltage level (Vref).Then I can be usedrefAnd/or VrefValue come It is determined that realize which type of control.As mentioned above for described by Fig. 6, IrefAnd/or VrefValue be output to decompression it is whole It is each in stream device state of a control 906, tuning circuit state of a control 907 and boost rectifier state of a control 908, such as respectively by believing Shown in numbers 903,904 and 905.
With reference to figure 6 to Fig. 7, in certain embodiments, buck rectifier state of a control 906 can include being configured as adjusting Timing or the threshold value for switching S2-S3 and S5-S6 control electricity to reduce the rectifier buck of voltage level and/or power output level Road 640.Such reduction can exceed the reduction that tuning circuit 610 can be realized.In certain embodiments, rectifier buck Control circuit 640 can adjust the non-zero current value for switching off.For example, rectifier buck control circuit 640 can be by It is configured to one or more of driving switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 when the electric current by switch meets non-zero current value.One A little aspects, rectifier buck control circuit 640 can be by non-zero current values from the first value regulation to second value, and second value is less than the One value.For example, non-zero current value can be adjusted to -200mA from -5mA.Such regulation, which is added from battery 690, flows back to resonance The magnitude of current of circuit 605, and reduce power output.
In another example, if battery 690 terminates (for example, in high induced voltage water close to fully charged or charging Flat place), then power receiving element 600 can be operated with constant-voltage mode and may want to power output being reduced to close In zero.With reference to figure 7, via tuning circuit 610, power output can only be reduced to by tuning circuit state of a control 907 One power level 720 (for example, 1W), and buck rectifier state of a control 906 can be combined with tuning circuit state of a control 907 Power output to be further reduced to close to zero by use.This combination of tuning control allows power receiving element 600 to expand The scope of output power is opened up without significant loss in efficiency.As shown in figure 9, power receiving element 600 can be from use Tuning circuit control 907 is transformed into buck rectifier state of a control 906.For example, as shown in conversion 909, if power receives member Part 600 wishes to reduce the limit of power (for example, close to 0V) that voltage or power level exceed tuning circuit state of a control 907, Then it may switch to buck rectifier state of a control 906 further to reduce voltage or power level.Similarly, power receives Element 600 can be transformed into tuning circuit state of a control 907 from using buck rectifier state of a control 906.For example, as changed Shown in 910, when buck rectifier state of a control 906 close to 0V (such as, it is no longer necessary to reduce voltage and/or power level) when, Power receiving element 600 is transformed into tuning circuit state of a control 907 from buck rectifier state of a control 906, since it is desirable that control System is in the limit of power of tuning circuit state of a control 907.
In some respects, during constant-current mode, power receiving element 600 can be via tuning circuit 610 only Operated with tuning circuit state of a control 907.With reference to figure 6 to Fig. 7, under tuning circuit state of a control 907, tuning circuit 610 can With adjust the value of variable reactive component (for example, tuning capacitor, flying capcitor device, variable condenser, variometer etc.) with The regulation power output in particular range (for example, between 1W to 1.7W).Power receiving element 600 can be such as the institute of signal 911 Show that determination power output is horizontal or whether voltage level is rested in expected range, and if it is, will be continuing with tuning Circuit state of a control 907 controls the tuning of power receiving element 600.
With reference to figure 6 to 7, in certain embodiments, boost rectifier state of a control 908 can be opened including being configured as regulation S2-S3 and S5-S6 timing or threshold value are closed to increase the horizontal rectifier boost control circuit of voltage level and/or power output 630.Such increase can be beyond the horizontal increase of the voltage and/or power output that tuning circuit 610 can be realized.Example Such as, if the voltage level of battery 690 is close to the end of charge level, power receiving element 600 can be with constant voltage Pattern operates and may want to the power output that battery 690 is gone in increase.With reference to figure 7, via tuning circuit 610, tuning electricity Road state of a control 907 can only can by power output from the first power level 720 increase to the second power level 725 (for example, 1-1.7W), and boost rectifier state of a control 908 can be used in combination with tuning circuit state of a control 907 further to increase Add the ability of power receiving element 600 so that power output to be increased in tuning circuit from the value less than the first power level 720 Value in the limit of power of state of a control 907.This combination of tuning control allows power receiving element to extend power output control The scope of system is without significant loss in efficiency.As shown in figure 9, when power receiving element 600 is wished voltage or power level When increasing to beyond the level of the limit of power of tuning circuit state of a control 907, power receiving element 600 can be from tuning circuit State of a control 907 is transformed into boost rectifier state of a control 908.For example, as shown in conversion 912, if tuning circuit controls shape State 907 asks more power or electricity close to its maximum voltage horizontal (for example, 12V) and power receiving element 600 or battery 690 Press, then power receiving element 600 further will be delivered to load (for example, electricity using boost rectifier state of a control 908 to increase Pond 690) voltage/power level.Similarly, when boost rectifier state of a control 908 is no longer needed (for example, booster voltage connects Nearly zero, as shown in conversion 913) when, power receiving element 600 can be transformed into tuning electricity from boost rectifier state of a control 908 Road state of a control 907, since it is desirable that control in the limit of power of tuning circuit state of a control 907.
Figure 10 is the figure of the exemplary output of the switching currents of different lagged values, rectifier input voltage and induced voltage 1000.Figure 100 0 includes three different waves 1001 to 1003 for the different lagged values in the range of 1mV to 50mV.Top Waveform 1001 represents the electric current in switch (for example, Fig. 4 S2).Middle waveform 1002 represents rectifier input voltage (for example, figure 4 terminal " rect " 430 and the voltage at the both ends of terminal " rectb " 431).Lower waveform 1003 represents induced voltage (for example, Fig. 4 Terminal " rx " 417 and the both ends of terminal " neg " 419 voltage).As illustrated, as hysteresis increases, electric current during disconnection shifts to an earlier date Invert (for example, becoming more negative), and current peak on lower waveform 1003 (induction voltage waveform) skew reduce and More it is moved to the left.Therefore, at the time place for disconnecting switch S2, electric current (and power) is from loading or battery is (for example, Fig. 2 Battery 236) flow back to resonance circuit.
For example, electric current of the expression of curve 1010 of upper waveform 1001 for the switch of the hysteresis with 1mV, and top ripple The curve 1015 of shape represents to be directed to the electric current of the switch of the hysteresis with 50mV.In curve 1010, when switch S2 disconnects Between t1, the electric current by switching S2 is about -50mA.In curve 1015, in the time t that switch S2 disconnects2, by switching S2 Electric current be about -450mA.In addition, curve 1010 shows about 700mA peak current value, and curve 1015 is shown About 550mA peak current value.Go out as shown in the figure, t2>t1, this shows, as hysteresis increases, to disconnect switch S2 effective delay Increase.
In certain embodiments, depending on the condition of power receiving element 400 and the remainder of resonance circuit, as above institute The increase hysteresis effect or the phase of the electric current of translation rectifier stated can have various effects.It is horizontal in low induced voltage, And particularly when output (for example, Fig. 2 battery 236) voltage on induced voltage it is of a relatively high (cell voltage higher than sensing Root mean square (rms) value of voltage) when, if adjusting power output and variable condenser skill by adjusting the timing of above-mentioned switch Art is used in combination, then capacitance is configured such that the resonance circuit of power receiving element 400 with resonance or very close Operated in resonance.In this case, the impedance observed into rectifier can be capacitive, and induced voltage is got over Low, capacitive impedance is bigger.
In low induced voltage (on output voltage), the power output for going to load can be increased by increasing the hysteresis of switch Amount.Figure 11 is to show to be directed to the exemplary of the rectifier hysteresis of different lagged values, battery current, system effectiveness and power output Figure 110 0 of output.When the lagged value of comparator 550 changes into 70mV from 20mV, Figure 110 0 includes four for these outputs Individual different wave 1101 to 1104.Upper waveform 1101 represents the lagged value of comparator (for example, Fig. 5 comparator 550).It is next Individual lower waveform 1102 represents the electric current in load or battery (for example, Fig. 2 battery 236).Next table of lower waveform 1103 Show the efficiency of wireless power transmission system (for example, Fig. 2 wireless power transmission system 200).Bottom waveforms 1104 represent conveying To load or the power output of battery (for example, Fig. 2 battery 236).As shown in Figure 110 0, when hysteresis changes into 70mV from 20mV When, battery current and power output increase, and system effectiveness reduces.Although system effectiveness may be reduced due to increased hysteresis (for example, inverse relation), but in some respects, the benefit of the power output that the reduction of efficiency is increased overcome (for example, with Operated during the cycle in the low power beacon output from transmitter to establish charging connection).
In some respects, adjust rectifier 420 hysteresis can by means of analog loopback, single controller or by using Realized in the pulse of the change slope of control lag.In other respects, according to embodiment described herein, rectifier is adjusted 420 hysteresis or one or more of adjusting switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 timing can be by any other means come real It is existing.
In certain embodiments, it is greater than or equal to when the resonance circuit of power receiving element 400 is in resonance and had During the induced voltage of output voltage, the timing of phase shift or one or more of switch S2-S3 and S5-S6 from hysteresis Regulation can be ignored, and the influence to power output can also be almost nil.
Figure 12 is the figure for the exemplary output for showing the dissipated power for different lagged values, battery current and power output 1200.Figure 120 0 includes three different waveforms of these outputs for different lagged values of the scope from 5mV to 50mV 1201 to 1203.Dissipated power in the expression system of upper waveform 1201.Middle waveform 1202 represent load or battery (for example, Fig. 2 battery 236) in electric current.Lower waveform 1203 represent be transported to load or battery (for example, Fig. 2 battery 236) it is defeated Go out power.As shown in Figure 120 0, as hysteresis increases, the electric current in battery reduces and power output reduces, such as waveform 1202 Shown in 1203.For example, in waveform 1203, curve 1210 shows the about 1.7W of the hysteresis for 5mV power output, and And curve 1215 shows the about 250mW of the hysteresis for 50mV power output.In addition, as shown in waveform 1201, output work Rate is reduced to 250mW from 1.7W and can completed in the case of a large amount of power that do not dissipate.Therefore, in wireless power transmission system Adjusting switch timing or increase hysteresis can have when it is expected more multi output power (for example, at low induced voltage level) With when it is expected less power (just as the situation (for example, at high induced voltage level) one of the constant-voltage mode of operation Sample) the two expands the benefit for tuning effect.
In addition, this increased tuning range can be cost-effective, because the phase of translation current need not be extra Part and the cost of tuned resonance circuit can be reduced.In addition, in wireless power transmission system adjusting switch timing or Increase hysteresis will not increase the element of rectifier or the voltage rating of any other part.In certain embodiments, herein The control to rectifier switch for being used to adjust power output of description can be used for eliminating or reduce tolerance due to part and The influence of caused part value changes.Rectifier control can be also used for answering voltage level by start feeling to control output work Rate so that long beacon extension is practical.Rectifier control may also be used for the maximum voltage that control occurs at resonator terminal. Moreover, the power receiving element of no DC to DC converters can be allowed for by adjusting power output level via rectifier 420.
In some respects, the use of hysteresis can have effect to electromagnetic interference (EMI) harmonic content.It is described herein Example and embodiment extend also to closed loop circuit.Example and embodiment described herein can apply to resonance and non- Both resonance circuit and system.
Figure 13 is the flow chart according to the illustrative methods 1300 of disclosed reception wireless power herein.Shown in Figure 13 Method can be via similar to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 power receiving element 118, power receiving element 218, receiving circuit 350, work( One or more of wireless power transmission system 100 of rate receiving element 400, power receiving element 600 and on-off circuit 500 Equipment is realized.Although with reference to particular order describing method 1300 herein, in various implementations, block herein can be with It is executed in different order or omits, and additional block can be added.
In block 1305, power receiving element is via receiving circuit via being enough to receive the magnetic field of load supplying or charging Wireless power.In block 1310, power receiving element is based on the voltage level of load via including variable reactive element and coupling Receiving circuit is detuned away from resonant frequency to the tuning circuit of receiving circuit, to realize the first power output level.In block 1315, exchange (AC) signal rectification generated by magnetic field is straight for what is powered to the load via rectifier by power receiving element (DC) signal is flowed, rectifier includes switch.In block 1320, when meeting the first non-zero current value by the electric current of switch, power Receiving element driving switch.In block 1325, power receiving element adjusts the first non-zero current value to the second nonzero value with by the One power output Level tune to the second power output is horizontal.
The various operations of the above method can be performed by being able to carry out any suitable device of operation, such as various Hardware and/or software part, circuit and/or module.Generally, any operation shown in accompanying drawing can be by being able to carry out operation Corresponding function device performs.
Information and signal can be represented using any one of various different technologies and method.For example, can be upper Voltage, electric current, electromagnetism can be used by stating data, instruction, order, information, signal, bit, symbol and the chip being cited in description Ripple, magnetic field or particle, light field or particle or any its are combined to represent.
Can be with reference to various illustrative components, blocks, module, circuit and the algorithm steps that embodiment disclosed herein describes It is implemented as the combination of electronic hardware, computer software or both.In order to clearly demonstrate this interchangeable of hardware and software Property, various illustrative components, block, module, circuit and step are generally described in terms of its function above.It is such Function is implemented as hardware or software depends on the design constraint of application-specific and application over the whole system.Described work( It can in a different manner be realized for each application-specific, but such realize that decision should not be interpreted as causing Deviate the scope of embodiments of the invention.
With reference to embodiment disclosed herein describe various illustrative pieces, module and circuit can use be designed to Perform the general processor of function described herein, digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), scene Programmable gate array (FPGA) or other PLDs, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components or its Any combinations are realized or performed.General processor can be microprocessor, but alternatively, processor can be any tradition Processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Processor can also be implemented as the combination of computing device, for example, DSP and The combination of microprocessor, multi-microprocessor, with reference to as the one or more microprocessors of DSP core or any other Configuration.
It can be embodied directly in hardware, in function with reference to the step of the method or algorithm that embodiment disclosed herein describes By implementing in the software module of computing device or in both combinations.If realized in software, function can be made It is stored in for one or more instruction or code in tangible non-transitory computer-readable medium or by tangible non-transient meter Calculation machine computer-readable recording medium transmits.Software module may reside within random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only storage (ROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), register, hard disk, removable disk, In the storage medium of any other form of CDROM or known in the art.Storage medium is coupled to processor so that processor From read information and storage medium can be write information into.In alternative solution, storage medium can be with processing Device is integral.Disk and CD as used in this article include laser disc (CD), laser disk, CD, digital versatile disc (DVD) the usual magnetically reproduce data of, floppy disk and Blu-ray disc, wherein disk, and CD reproduces number using laser optics According to.Combinations of the above should also be as being included within the scope of computer readable media.Processor and storage medium may reside within In ASIC.ASIC may reside within user terminal.Or processor and storage medium can reside in use as discrete parts In the terminal of family.
In order to summarize the purpose of the disclosure, already described herein certain aspects of the invention, advantage and novel feature. It should be appreciated that according to any specific embodiment of the present invention, it is not necessarily required to realization and is had the advantage that.Therefore, it is of the invention It can be practiced or carried out with the following methods：An advantage or one group of advantage for teachings herein is realized or optimized to which, And not necessarily realize other advantages that can be instructed or suggest herein.
The various modifications of above-described embodiment will be apparent, and not depart from the feelings of the spirit or scope of the present invention Under condition, the rule being defined herein can apply to other embodiment.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to shown herein Embodiment, but meet the widest range consistent with principle disclosed herein and novel feature.

Claims (30)

1. a kind of device for being used for wirelessly receiving power, described device include：
Receiving circuit, it is configured as via being enough to receive wireless power to the magnetic field of load supplying or charging；
Tuning circuit, including variable reactive element, the tuning circuit are coupled to the receiving circuit, and are configured as demodulating The humorous receiving circuit is away from resonant frequency so that power output Level tune is horizontal to the first power output；And
Rectifier, the receiving circuit is electrically coupled to, and is configured as the exchange (AC) that will be generated in the receiving circuit Signal rectification is to include switch for direct current (DC) signal to the load supplying, the rectifier；And
Drive circuit, it is configured as：
The switch is driven when meeting the first non-zero current value by the electric current of the switch；And
The first non-zero current value is adjusted to the second nonzero value so that the first power output Level tune is defeated to second Go out power level.
2. device according to claim 1, wherein the variable reactive element includes variable condenser.
3. device according to claim 1, wherein the drive circuit is configured to drive based on hysteresis effect Move the switch.
4. device according to claim 3, wherein the hysteresis effect is included in delay when disconnecting the switch.
5. device according to claim 1, wherein the second non-zero current value is negative current magnitude so that the electric current Direction flows into the receiving circuit from the load.
6. device according to claim 1, wherein the drive circuit further comprises being configured as measurement described in The comparator of the electric current of switch.
7. device according to claim 1, wherein the drive circuit further comprises being configured as sensing described in The current sensor of the electric current of switch.
8. device according to claim 1, wherein the first non-zero current value is less than the second non-zero current value, and institute It is horizontal horizontal less than second power output to state the first power output.
9. device according to claim 8, wherein the voltage generated in the receiving circuit, which is less than, is supplied to described bear The voltage level of load.
10. device according to claim 1, wherein the first non-zero current value is less than the second non-zero current value, and First power output is horizontal horizontal higher than second power output.
11. device according to claim 10, wherein the voltage generated in the receiving circuit is equal to or more than provide Voltage level to the load.
12. device according to claim 1, wherein the tuning circuit is configured in the receiving circuit Generate reactance displacement.
13. device according to claim 1, wherein what second power level can be realized beyond the tuning circuit Power level.
14. device according to claim 13, wherein second power output level is less than first power level.
15. device according to claim 13, wherein second power output level is higher than first power level.
16. device according to claim 1, wherein the tuning circuit is configured to be based on the receiving circuit Reference voltage level or reference current level detune the receiving circuit away from resonant frequency to realize the first output work Rate is horizontal.
17. device according to claim 16, wherein the reference voltage level or reference current level are based on institute State one or more in voltage, temperature and the electric current of receiving circuit.
18. a kind of method for receiving wireless power, including：
Via receiving circuit via being enough to receive wireless power to the magnetic field of load supplying or charging；
The receiving circuit is detuned via the variable reactive element for being coupled to the receiving circuit away from resonant frequency to incite somebody to action Power output Level tune is horizontal to the first power output；
By exchange (AC) signal rectification generated from the magnetic field it is for the direct current of the load supplying via rectifier (DC) signal, the rectifier include switch；
The switch is driven when meeting the first non-zero current value by the electric current of the switch；And
The first non-zero current value is adjusted to the second nonzero value so that the first power output Level tune is defeated to second Go out power level.
19. according to the method for claim 18, wherein driving the switch to include driving described open based on hysteresis effect Close.
20. according to the method for claim 18, wherein the second non-zero current value is negative current magnitude so that the electric current Direction flow into the receiving circuit from the load.
21. according to the method for claim 18, wherein the first non-zero current value is less than the second non-zero current value, and First power output is horizontal horizontal less than second power output.
22. according to the method for claim 21, wherein the voltage generated in the receiving circuit is described less than being supplied to The voltage level of load.
23. according to the method for claim 18, wherein the first non-zero current value is less than the second non-zero current value, and First power output is horizontal horizontal higher than second power output.
24. according to the method for claim 23, wherein the voltage generated in the receiving circuit is equal to or more than provide Voltage level to the load.
25. a kind of device for being used for wirelessly receiving power, described device include：
For via the part for being enough to receive the magnetic field of load supplying or charging wireless power；
For detuning the receiving circuit away from resonant frequency so that power output Level tune is horizontal to the first power output Part；
It is for direct current (DC) signal of the load supplying for exchange (AC) signal rectification for will being generated from the magnetic field Part, for rectification the part include for switch part；
For driving the part of the switch block when meeting the first non-zero current value by the electric current of the switch block；With And
For by the first non-zero current value regulation to the second nonzero value with by the first power output Level tune to the The horizontal part of two power outputs.
26. device according to claim 25, in addition to for driving the part of the switch based on hysteresis effect.
27. device according to claim 25, wherein the first non-zero current value is less than the second non-zero current value, and First power output is horizontal horizontal less than second power output.
28. device according to claim 27, wherein the voltage generated in the receiving part is described less than being supplied to The voltage level of load.
29. device according to claim 25, wherein the first non-zero current value is less than the second non-zero current value, and First power output is horizontal horizontal higher than second power output.
30. device according to claim 29, wherein the voltage generated in the receiving part is equal to or more than provide Voltage level to the load.
CN201680043315.1A 2015-07-24 2016-07-12 The equipment, system and method for power output are adjusted for being controlled using synchronous rectifier Pending CN107852197A (en)

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US15/085,017 US10170937B2 (en) 2015-07-24 2016-03-30 Devices, systems, and methods for adjusting output power using synchronous rectifier control
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Application publication date: 20180327