CN107844682B - Converter gas component soft measurement method based on gas heat value and smoke component - Google Patents
Converter gas component soft measurement method based on gas heat value and smoke component Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 186
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels, explosives
- G01N33/225—Gaseous fuels, e.g. natural gas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Z—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G16Z99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
Abstract
A converter gas component soft measurement method based on a gas heat value and a smoke component comprises the following steps: obtaining effective data through measurement, wherein the effective data comprises the dry-basis low calorific value of converter gas and the smoke composition of a combustion furnace, and the smoke composition of the combustion furnace comprises O in dry smoke2CO and CO2Percent volume content of (a); and solving the composition of the furnace gas entering the converter gas combustion furnace according to the obtained effective data. The invention solves the inconvenience and difficulty brought to the operation of the combustion furnace by not configuring the on-line analyzer of the coal gas components of the converter in most steel plants at present, and has good engineering practical value. The method can also be used for the performance test of the thermal efficiency of the combustion furnace, and the gas components can be identified as long as the gas heat value is measured by a gas heat value meter and the smoke components are measured by a smoke analyzer, so that the method is further used for the performance calculation and analysis of the combustion furnace, avoids the gas sampling and testing work required by the traditional method, and is particularly suitable for the rapid measurement and calculation of the thermal efficiency of the combustion furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation of combustion furnaces, and particularly relates to a converter gas component soft measurement method based on a gas heat value and a smoke component.
Background
A large amount of converter gas is generated in the steelmaking process of steel enterprises and serves as a byproduct resource in the smelting process, and the efficient recycling of the converter gas is one of the key points of energy conservation and consumption reduction work of the steel enterprises.
At present, steel mills mainly digest converter gas through industrial combustion furnaces (such as steel rolling heating furnaces, gas boilers and the like). For a furnace, the fuel composition is an important input condition and is an important basis for the operation and combustion adjustment of the furnace, and the change and fluctuation of the fuel composition can affect the safe and economic operation of the furnace. However, due to the limited conditions, part of the steel enterprises are equipped with gas calorific value online analyzers at present, but most of the steel enterprises do not provide gas composition online analyzers for combustion furnaces, and steel plants basically still use artificial set values as current gas compositions. In fact, under the influence of factors such as an upstream smelting process and the like, the components of the converter gas are difficult to keep stable and are often in a fluctuation state, and the artificial set value is likely to greatly deviate from the current true value, so that the operation judgment of a combustion furnace operator is disturbed to a great extent, and the optimized operation of the combustion furnace is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a converter gas component soft measurement method based on the gas heat value and the smoke component, the converter gas component is identified through the gas heat value and the smoke component, and the result can provide a basis for the safe and economic operation of a combustion furnace, so that the inconvenience and difficulty brought to the operation of the combustion furnace by the fact that most of the combustion furnaces of the steel plant are not provided with a furnace-entering gas component online analyzer are solved, and the converter gas component soft measurement method has good engineering practical value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a converter gas component soft measurement method based on a gas heat value and a smoke component is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining the dry-based low calorific value of converter gas and the components of combustion furnace flue gas through measurement;
calculating theoretical dry air quantity required by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume and theoretical dry flue gas quantity generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume according to the dry-based low calorific value of the converter gas;
calculating a fuel characteristic factor according to the theoretical dry air quantity required by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume and the theoretical dry flue gas quantity generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume;
calculating an excess air coefficient according to the fuel characteristic factor and the smoke components of the combustion furnace;
calculating the actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume according to the theoretical dry air amount required by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume, the theoretical dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume and an excess air coefficient;
calculating the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas according to the actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume and the flue gas components of the combustion furnace;
calculating the volume content percentage of H2 in the dry gas according to the dry-based low calorific value of the converter gas and the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas;
calculating O in the dry gas according to the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas, the volume content percentage of H2 in the dry gas and the theoretical dry air amount required by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume2Percent volume content of (a);
according to the actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume, the flue gas component of the combustion furnace and the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas, the CO in the dry gas is calculated2Percent volume content of (a);
according to the CO and CO in the dry gas2、H2、O2The percentage by volume of N2 in the dry gas was calculated.
In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:
the smoke components of the combustion furnace comprise O in dry smoke2CO and CO2Percent volume content of (a).
Calculating a theoretical dry air amount required for combustion of dry gas per unit volume by a first calculation formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3(dry gas); qd,netIs the dry-based low calorific value of converter gas, kJ/m3;
Calculating the theoretical dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume through a second calculation formula, wherein the second calculation formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,is the theoretical dry flue gas quantity m generated by the combustion of dry coal gas in unit volume3/m3(dry gas); qd,netIs the dry-based low calorific value of converter gas, kJ/m3;
Calculating a fuel property factor χ by a third calculation formula, the third calculation formula being:
wherein χ is a fuel property factor;is the theoretical dry flue gas quantity m generated by the combustion of dry coal gas in unit volume3/m3(dry gas);theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3(dry gas).
Calculating the excess air ratio by a fourth calculation formula, the fourth calculation formula being:
wherein, alpha is the excess air coefficient; phi' (O)2) Phi' (CO) is O in the dry flue gas2Percent by volume of CO,%.
Calculating the actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume through a fifth calculation formula, wherein the fifth calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, VgyIs the actual dry flue gas volume m generated by the combustion of dry gas of unit volume3/m3(dry gas);is the theoretical dry flue gas quantity m generated by the combustion of dry coal gas in unit volume3/m3(dry gas);theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3(dry gas); and alpha is the excess air factor.
Calculating the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas by a sixth calculation formula, wherein the sixth calculation formula is as follows:
φ(CO)=2.532Vgy(21-φ′(O2))-52.367
wherein phi (CO) is the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas; vgyIs the actual dry flue gas volume m generated by the combustion of dry gas of unit volume3/m3(dry gas); phi' (O)2) Is O in dry flue gas2Percent volume content of (a).
H in the dry gas is calculated by a seventh calculation formula2The seventh calculation formula is:
wherein phi (H)2) For H in dry gas2Percent volume content of (d); qd,netIs the dry-based low calorific value of converter gas, kJ/m3(ii) a Phi (CO) is the volume percentage of CO in the dry gas.
Calculating O in the dry gas by an eighth calculation formula2The eighth calculation formula is:
wherein phi (O)2) Is O in dry gas2Percent volume content of (d); phi (CO) is the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas,%; phi (H)2) For H in dry gas2Percent volume content of (d);theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3(dry gas).
Calculating CO in the dry gas by a ninth calculation formula2The ninth calculation formula is:
φ(CO2)=Vgy[φ′(CO2)+φ′(CO)]-φ(CO)
wherein phi (CO)2) Phi (CO) is respectively CO in the dry gas2Percent volume of CO,%; vgyThe actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume; phi' (CO)2) Phi' (CO) is respectively CO in the dry flue gas2Percent by volume of CO,%.
Calculating N in the dry gas by a tenth calculation formula2The tenth calculation formula is:
φ(N2)=100-φ(CO)-φ(CO2)-φ(H2)-φ(O2)
wherein phi (N)2)、φ(CO)、φ(CO2)、φ(H2)、φ(O2) Respectively being dry gasIn N2、CO、CO2、H2、O2Percent volume content of (a).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention is used for soft measurement of the composition of the coal gas entering the converter gas combustion furnace, and the result can provide basis for the safe and economic operation of the combustion furnace, thereby solving the inconvenience and difficulty brought to the operation of the combustion furnace by the on-line analyzer of the composition of the coal gas entering the converter which is not configured in most steel plants at present and having good engineering practical value;
2) the invention can also be used for the combustion furnace thermal efficiency performance test, as long as the coal gas thermal value is measured by the coal gas thermal value instrument and the smoke gas component is measured by the smoke gas analyzer, the coal gas component can be identified and further used for the combustion furnace performance calculation and analysis, the coal gas sampling and testing work required by the traditional method is avoided, and the invention is particularly suitable for the rapid measurement and calculation of the combustion furnace thermal efficiency;
3) the gas component measuring and calculating result has higher accuracy and reliability, low cost and good feasibility of implementation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of calculation and solution of converter gas components according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the converter gas component soft measurement method based on the gas heat value and the smoke component specifically comprises the following steps:
1. obtaining the dry-based low calorific value Q of converter gas through measurementd,netAnd combustion furnace flue gas components (including O in dry flue gas)2CO and CO2Percent volume content).
2. According to the effective data obtained in the step 1, solving the composition of the furnace gas entering the converter gas combustion furnace, which specifically comprises the following steps:
2.1 passing through the dry basis lower calorific value Q of the converter gasd,netCalculating the theoretical dry air quantity required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volumeAnd the theoretical dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of dry gas in unit volumeThe method comprises the following specific steps:
1) calculating theoretical dry air quantity required by unit volume dry gas combustion through a first calculation formulaThe first calculation formula is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3(dry gas); qd,netIs the dry-based low calorific value of converter gas, kJ/m3;
2) And calculating the theoretical dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume by a second calculation formula, wherein the second calculation formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,is the theoretical dry flue gas quantity m generated by the combustion of dry coal gas in unit volume3/m3(dry gas); qd,netIs the dry-based low calorific value of converter gas, kJ/m3。
2.2 calculating the fuel property factor chi through a third calculation formula, wherein the third calculation formula is as follows:
wherein χ is a fuel property factor;is the theoretical dry flue gas quantity m generated by the combustion of dry coal gas in unit volume3/m3(dry gas);theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3(dry gas).
2.3 calculating the excess air ratio by a fourth calculation formula, wherein the fourth calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, alpha is the excess air coefficient; phi' (O)2) Phi' (CO) is O in the dry flue gas2Percent by volume of CO,%.
2.4 calculating the actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume through a fifth calculation formula, wherein the fifth calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, VgyIs the actual dry flue gas volume m generated by the combustion of dry gas of unit volume3/m3(dry gas);is the theoretical dry flue gas quantity m generated by the combustion of dry coal gas in unit volume3/m3(dry gas);theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3(dry gas); and alpha is the excess air factor.
2.5 calculating the volume content percentage phi (CO) of the CO in the dry gas through a sixth calculation formula, wherein the sixth calculation formula is as follows:
φ(CO)=2.532Vgy(21-φ′(O2))-52.367
wherein phi (CO) is the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas; vgyIs the actual dry flue gas volume m generated by the combustion of dry gas of unit volume3/m3(dry gas); phi' (O)2) Is O in dry flue gas2Percent volume content of (a).
2.6 calculating H in the dry gas by a seventh calculation formula2The seventh calculation formula is:
wherein phi (H)2) For H in dry gas2Percent volume content of (d); qd,netIs the dry-based low calorific value of converter gas, kJ/m3(ii) a Phi (CO) is the volume percentage of CO in the dry gas.
2.7 calculating O in the dry gas by an eighth calculation formula2The eighth calculation formula is:
wherein phi (O)2) Is O in dry gas2Percent volume content of (d); phi (CO) is the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas,%; phi (H)2) For H in dry gas2Percent volume content of (d);theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3(dry gas).
2.8 calculating CO in the dry gas by a ninth calculation formula2The ninth calculation formula is:
φ(CO2)=Vgy[φ′(CO2)+φ′(CO)]-φ(CO)
wherein phi (CO)2) Phi (CO) is respectively CO in the dry gas2Percent volume of CO,%; vgyThe actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume; phi' (CO)2) Phi' (CO) is respectively CO in the dry flue gas2Percent by volume of CO,%.
2.9 calculating N in the dry gas by a tenth calculation formula2The tenth calculation formula is:
φ(N2)=100-φ(CO)-φ(CO2)-φ(H2)-φ(O2)
wherein phi (N)2)、φ(CO)、φ(CO2)、φ(H2)、φ(O2) Respectively being N in dry gas2、CO、CO2、H2、O2Percent volume content of (a).
The gas component measuring and calculating result of the invention has higher accuracy and reliability, low cost and good feasibility of implementation. The method is used for soft measurement of the composition of the coal gas entering the converter gas combustion furnace, and the result can provide a basis for safe and economic operation of the combustion furnace, thereby solving the inconvenience and difficulty brought to the operation of the combustion furnace by the fact that most of the steel plants are not provided with the on-line analyzer of the composition of the coal gas entering the converter, and having good engineering practical value. In addition, the method can also be used for the performance test of the thermal efficiency of the combustion furnace, and the gas components can be identified as long as the gas heat value is measured by a gas heat value meter and the smoke components are measured by a smoke analyzer, so that the method is further used for the performance calculation and analysis of the combustion furnace, avoids the gas sampling and testing work required by the traditional method, and is particularly suitable for the rapid measurement and calculation of the thermal efficiency of the combustion furnace.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A converter gas component soft measurement method based on a gas heat value and a smoke component is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining the dry-based low calorific value of converter gas and the smoke composition of a combustion furnace through measurement, wherein the smoke composition of the combustion furnace comprises O in dry smoke2CO and CO2Percent volume content of (a);
calculating theoretical dry air quantity required by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume and theoretical dry flue gas quantity generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume according to the dry-based low calorific value of the converter gas; calculating a theoretical dry air amount required for combustion of dry gas per unit volume by a first calculation formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3Dry gas; qd,netIs the dry-based low calorific value of converter gas, kJ/m3;
Calculating the theoretical dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume through a second calculation formula, wherein the second calculation formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,is the theoretical dry flue gas quantity m generated by the combustion of dry coal gas in unit volume3/m3Dry gas; qd,netFor dry basis low grade heat of converter gasValue, kJ/m3;
Calculating a fuel characteristic factor according to the theoretical dry air quantity required by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume and the theoretical dry flue gas quantity generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume; calculating a fuel property factor χ by a third calculation formula, the third calculation formula being:
wherein χ is a fuel property factor;is the theoretical dry flue gas quantity m generated by the combustion of dry coal gas in unit volume3/m3Dry gas;theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3Dry gas;
calculating an excess air coefficient according to the fuel characteristic factor and the smoke components of the combustion furnace; calculating the excess air ratio by a fourth calculation formula, the fourth calculation formula being:
wherein, alpha is the excess air coefficient; phi' (O)2) Phi' (CO) is O in the dry flue gas2Percent volume of CO,%;
calculating the actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume according to the theoretical dry air amount required by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume, the theoretical dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume and an excess air coefficient; calculating the actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume through a fifth calculation formula, wherein the fifth calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, VgyIs the actual dry flue gas volume m generated by the combustion of dry gas of unit volume3/m3Dry gas;is the theoretical dry flue gas quantity m generated by the combustion of dry coal gas in unit volume3/m3Dry gas;theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3Dry gas; alpha is the excess air factor;
calculating the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas according to the actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume and the flue gas components of the combustion furnace; calculating the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas by a sixth calculation formula, wherein the sixth calculation formula is as follows:
φ(CO)=2.532Vgy(21-φ′(O2))-52.367
wherein phi (CO) is the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas; vgyIs the actual dry flue gas volume m generated by the combustion of dry gas of unit volume3/m3Dry gas; phi' (O)2) Is O in dry flue gas2Percent volume content of (d);
according to the low calorific value of the dry basis of the converter gas and the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas, calculating H in the dry gas2Percent volume content of (a); h in the dry gas is calculated by a seventh calculation formula2The seventh calculation formula is:
wherein phi (H)2) For H in dry gas2Of volume (A) containsPercent amount,%; qd,netIs the dry-based low calorific value of converter gas, kJ/m3(ii) a Phi (CO) is the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas,%;
according to the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas and the H in the dry gas2The percentage of the volume content and the theoretical dry air amount required for the combustion of the dry gas per unit volume are calculated by an eighth calculation formula2Percent volume content of (a); the eighth calculation formula is:
wherein phi (O)2) Is O in dry gas2Percent volume content of (d); phi (CO) is the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas,%; phi (H)2) For H in dry gas2Percent volume content of (d);theoretical amount of dry air, m, required for the combustion of dry gas per unit volume3/m3Dry gas;
according to the actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume, the flue gas components of the combustion furnace and the volume content percentage of CO in the dry gas, the CO in the dry gas is calculated by a ninth calculation formula2Percent volume content of (a); the ninth calculation formula is:
φ(CO2)=Vgy[φ′(CO2)+φ′(CO)]-φ(CO)
wherein phi (CO)2) Phi (CO) is respectively CO in the dry gas2Percent volume of CO,%; vgyThe actual dry flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the dry gas in unit volume; phi' (CO)2) Phi' (CO) is respectively CO in the dry flue gas2Percent volume of CO,%;
according to the CO and CO in the dry gas2、H2、O2The volume content percentage of (2) is calculated by a tenth calculation formula to obtain the N in the dry gas2The tenth calculation formula is:
φ(N2)=100-φ(CO)-φ(CO2)-φ(H2)-φ(O2)
wherein phi (N)2)、φ(CO)、φ(CO2)、φ(H2)、φ(O2) Respectively being N in dry gas2、CO、CO2、H2、O2Percent volume content of (a).
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Application publication date: 20180327 Assignee: Nanjing Donghuan Intelligent Energy Saving Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: JIANGSU MARITIME INSTITUTE Contract record no.: X2023980045693 Denomination of invention: Soft measurement method for converter gas composition based on gas calorific value and flue gas composition Granted publication date: 20220201 License type: Common License Record date: 20231107 |