CN107843651A - A kind of ultrasonic guided wave detecting method and system of the damage of bridge cable steel wire - Google Patents
A kind of ultrasonic guided wave detecting method and system of the damage of bridge cable steel wire Download PDFInfo
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- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method and system of a kind of bridge cable steel wire damage, it is related to science of bridge building detection technique field, by setting piezoelectric probe in tested cable steel cord end, pumping signal, the excitation ultrasound guided wave in steel wire are launched to piezoelectric probe by ultrasound pulse transmission device；Electromagnetic acoustic reception device collection ultrasonic guided wave signals are set on tested cable surface；By the way that ultrasonic guided wave signals are converted into data signal with the ultrasonic signal processing device that electromagnetic acoustic reception device is connected and sent to computer；The ultrasonic guided wave signals of ultrasonic signal processing device transmission are analyzed by computer, and calculate steel wire damage position and lesion depths size.The present invention is flexible to operation, and detecting distance is remote, and testing result is accurately reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to science of bridge building detection technique field, and in particular to a kind of supersonic guide-wave of bridge cable steel wire damage
Detection method and system.
Background technology
With the continuous development of modern bridge technology, the Longspan Bridge such as cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge has been increasingly becoming modern bridge
The main bridge type of beam.Cable systems are the life ropes of rope class bridge as one of most important load bearing component of Longspan Bridge, its
Reliability, durability, adaptability will directly affect bridge security operation and service life.Because cable systems bear alternation for a long time
Load is simultaneously exposed in natural environment, and steel wire occurs corrosion or fracture of wire destroys, and then cause whole easily by environmental corrosion in rope
The carrying failure of individual cable, influence the safe operation of bridge.To ensure the safety of line structure during one's term of military service, cable steel wire is tackled
Damage carries out periodic detection, and detection data are handled in real time, and risk assessment is carried out based on testing result.
Several main methods of cable damage check have at present：Visual inspection, leakage field technology, acoustic emission, ray
Detection technique and ultrasonic guided wave detection technology.Visual inspection is in most cases used method, can only be to cable
Surface damage differentiated, and can not it is trickle to top layer damage and cable body internal injury make differentiation；Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting technology
For cable fracture of wire and defects detection, certain achievement is achieved, but this method is difficult to be detected in anchorage zone.Sound emission
Technology is a kind of passive monitoring means, is mainly used in the real-time monitoring of cable force and burn into fracture of wire, for the damage in cable body
Wound is difficult to carry out effective detection；It is difficult in anchorage zone although X-ray Testing Technology can be damaged to cable steel wire and detected
Effective detection is carried out, and detection device involves great expense, it is harmful.Supersonic guide-wave technology is a kind of ripe Non-Destructive Testing skill
Art, it is possible to achieve detection and component inside defects detection over long distances, detection sensitivity is high, and operation is flexible.Supersonic guide-wave technology is not
Fracture of wire, corrosion default detection can be only carried out to cable free portion, anchorage zone Damages in Stay Cables can also be detected.
For bridge cable anchorage zone damage check, Patent No. CN101393173A Chinese patent discloses one kind tiltedly
Anchor-hold area magnetic striction wave guide detection system, the invention propose cable is damaged based on magnetostrictive detection mode into
Row detection, but the ultrasonic guided wave signals which excites are weaker, and its energy conversion efficiency is lower 20-40dB than PZT (piezoelectric transducer),
And most of energy is reflected by cable PE protective layers, therefore can not detect the degree of impairment of cable center steel wire.Patent No.
CN104634873A Chinese patent discloses the ultrasonic testing system and method for a kind of bridge cable anchorage zone steel wire damage, but
By the way of internal loopback of singly popping one's head in, check frequency is larger, and steel wire near cable end effectively can not be examined for the invention
Survey.In summary, existing cable damage ultrasonic guided wave detection technology has that detection signal is weak, detecting distance is limited, check frequency
The problems such as larger.
The content of the invention
For defect present in prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of the super of bridge cable steel wire damage
Acoustic conductance wave detecting method and system, flexible to operation, detecting distance is remote, and testing result is accurately reliable.
To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that：A kind of supersonic guide-wave of bridge cable steel wire damage
Detection method：
Piezoelectric probe is set in tested cable steel cord end, is launched by ultrasound pulse transmission device to piezoelectric probe and encouraged
Signal, the excitation ultrasound guided wave in steel wire；
Electromagnetic acoustic reception device collection ultrasonic guided wave signals are set on tested cable surface；
Ultrasonic guided wave signals are converted into by numeral by the ultrasonic signal processing device being connected with electromagnetic acoustic reception device
Signal is simultaneously sent to computer；
The ultrasonic guided wave signals of ultrasonic signal processing device transmission are analyzed by computer, and calculate steel wire damage position
With lesion depths size.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the ultrasonic guided wave signals of computer analysis electromagnetic acoustic reception device collection,
And the method for calculating steel wire damage position is：
If distance of the electromagnetic acoustic reception device away from piezoelectric probe is L0, ultrasonic guided wave signals propagate to electromagnetic acoustic reception
Setup time is t0, distance of the steel wire damage position away from piezoelectric probe is Lf, damage signal propagates to electromagnetic acoustic reception device
Time is tf：
Calculation formula is：Lf=L0+(tf-t0)v0/2。
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the ultrasonic guided wave signals of computer analysis electromagnetic acoustic reception device collection,
And the method for calculating steel wire lesion depths size is：Lesion depths size is calculated according to the reflectance factor of damage signal.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the computer is additionally operable to send control life to ultrasound pulse transmission device
Order, ultrasound pulse transmission device is set to launch pumping signal to piezoelectric probe.
The invention also discloses a kind of ultrasonic guided wave detecting system of bridge cable steel wire damage, including：
The piezoelectric probe is fixed on tested cable end, and ultrasound pulse transmission device transmits to pumping signal, in steel
Excitation ultrasound guided wave in silk；
Ultrasound pulse transmission device is used to launch pumping signal to the piezoelectric probe；
Electromagnetic acoustic reception device is fixed on tested cable surface, receives the ultrasound propagated by the tested cable steel wire
Guided wave signals simultaneously send the electromagnetism guided wave signals of reception to ultrasonic signal processing device；
Ultrasonic signal processing device is used for the electromagnetism guided wave signals for receiving the transmission of electromagnetic acoustic reception device, by supersonic guide-wave
Signal is converted into data signal and sent to computer；
Computer is used to receive and analyze ultrasonic guided wave signals, and calculates steel wire damage position and lesion depths size.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the computer is additionally operable to send control life to ultrasound pulse transmission device
Order, ultrasound pulse transmission device is set to launch pumping signal to piezoelectric probe.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the piezoelectric probe include conducting rod, lug plate, lead, piezoelectric chip with
Magnet ring：Described conducting rod one end is connected with ultrasound pulse transmission device, and the other end passes sequentially through lug plate and lead and piezo crystals
Piece is connected, and the magnet ring is arranged at the piezoelectric chip periphery, and the piezoelectric chip is adsorbed in tested cable by the magnet ring
End.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the piezoelectric chip on the contact surface of tested cable end with being additionally provided with oxidation
Aluminium diaphragm.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the piezoelectric probe also includes shell and damping block, the lug plate, draws
Line, piezoelectric chip are located in the shell, and the damping block is located between the piezoelectric chip and the shell.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the ultrasonic signal processing device includes ultrasonic reception module, signal amplifies
Module and signal processing module.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
(1) electromagnetic acoustic receiving position of the present invention can move along cable surface, and flexible to operation, detecting distance is remote；
Ultrasonic guided wave signals are extracted using the signal processing method of cross correlation algorithm, detection sensitivity is high, can directly reflect that steel wire breaks
Silk damage position and size, testing result are accurately reliable.
(2) damage of cable fracture of wire is detected by the way of the piezoelectric probe excitation ultrasound guided wave of optimization, excites letter
It is number strong, available for core wire damage check, and check frequency can be eliminated.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the ultrasonic guided wave detecting system of Bridge cable of embodiment of the present invention steel wire damage.
Fig. 2 is the structure of the piezoelectric probe of the ultrasonic guided wave detecting system of Bridge cable of embodiment of the present invention steel wire damage
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the Cleaning Principle signal of the ultrasonic guided wave detecting system of Bridge cable of embodiment of the present invention steel wire damage
Figure.
In figure：1- piezoelectric probes, 12- conducting rods, 13- lug plates, 14- leads, 15- damping blocks, 16- shells, 17- piezoelectricity
Chip, 18- magnet rings, 19- diaphragms, 2- are detected cable, 3- electromagnetic acoustic reception devices, 4- coils, 5- magnetizers, 6- ultrasound arteries and veins
Rush emitter, 7- ultrasonic signal processing devices, 8- ultrasonic reception modules, 9- signal amplification modules, 10- signal processing modules,
11- computers.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1：
Shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of bridge cable steel wire damage：
Piezoelectric probe 1 is set in the tested steel cord end of cable 2, launched by ultrasound pulse transmission device 6 to piezoelectric probe 1
Pumping signal, the excitation ultrasound guided wave in steel wire；
Electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3 is set to gather ultrasonic guided wave signals on the tested surface of cable 2；
Ultrasonic guided wave signals are converted into counting by the ultrasonic signal processing device 7 being connected with electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3
Word signal is simultaneously sent to computer 11；
Ultrasonic guided wave signals are analyzed by computer 11, and calculate steel wire damage position and lesion depths size.
Electromagnetic acoustic receiving position of the present invention can move along cable surface, and flexible to operation, detecting distance is remote；Using
The signal processing method extraction ultrasonic guided wave signals of cross correlation algorithm, detection sensitivity is high, can directly reflect that steel wire fracture of wire damages
Hinder position and size, testing result is accurately reliable.
Shown in Figure 3, computer 11 analyzes the ultrasonic guided wave signals of the collection of electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3, and calculates
Steel wire damage position obtains method：
If distance of the electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3 away from piezoelectric probe 1 is L0, ultrasonic guided wave signals propagate to electromagnetic acoustic and connect
The time of receiving apparatus 3 is t0, distance of the steel wire damage position away from piezoelectric probe 1 is Lf, damage signal propagate to electromagnetic acoustic receive dress
The time for putting 3 is tf：
Calculation formula is：Lf=L0+(tf-t0)v0/2。
Computer 11 analyzes the ultrasonic guided wave signals of the collection of electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3, and calculates steel wire damage position
The method of lesion depths size be：Lesion depths size is calculated according to the reflectance factor of damage signal.
Computer 11 is additionally operable to send control command to ultrasound pulse transmission device 6, makes ultrasound pulse transmission device 6 to pressure
Electric probe 1 launches pumping signal.
Specifically include following detecting step：
S1：According to the dispersion curve of the steel wire longitudinal wave guides of Φ 5, in order to take into account the frequency dispersion of guided wave and attenuation characteristic, selection frequency
L (0,1) mode that rate is 200kHz carries out cable steel wire fracture of wire damage check；
S2：Ultrasonic guided wave detecting system components are connected completely by data wire；
S3：Steel cord end in cable sample is polished flat first, added between piezoelectric probe 1 and tested steel cord end
Vaseline couplant, and connect piezoelectric probe 1 and steel cord end substantially uniformity using the absorption affinity of the end magnet ring 18 of piezoelectric probe 1
Touch；Piezoelectric probe 1 is placed in cable surface, selects suitable receiving position, and records it and arrives the distance L of steel cord end0；
S4：Ultrasound pulse transmission device 6 is adjusted, the 10 cycle sinusoidal pulses modulated through Hanning window are launched to piezoelectric probe 1,
The excitation voltage for setting piezoelectric probe 1 is 300V, stimulating frequency 200kHz；
S5：Regulate signal amplification module 9, the digital gain for setting electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3 is 30dB, sets data to adopt
Collecting system parameter, wherein sample frequency are 80MHz, pass through repeatedly (32 times) averaged acquisition ultrasonic guided wave signals, and input signal
Processing module 10；
S6：When L (0,1) is propagated in steel wire, ultrasonic signal is measured by ultrasonic reception module 8 first.Calculate Mintrop wave
Propagation time t in steel wire0, to L (0,1) mode propagation speed v0=L0/t0Demarcated；
S7：The damage of sample cable steel wire is detected.As shown in figure 3, the L (0,1) excited in end face when piezoelectric probe 1
During mode propagation to steel wire injury region, a part of sound wave, which is damaged, to be reflected, and is received by electromagnetism reception device, when it is propagated
Between be designated as tf, a part of sound wave can by damage continue to propagate.Based on signal processing system, data are carried out signal analysis and
Fusion treatment.The time t of reception device is propagated in steel wire by cross-correlation method calculating damage signalf, according to formula Lf=L0
+(tf-t0)v0/ 2 orientated damages damage apart from the position of cable end, while according to the reflectance factor quantitative analysis of damage signal
Depth, and the real-time display testing result on computer 11.
Embodiment 2：
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of ultrasonic guided wave detecting system of bridge cable steel wire damage, including：
Piezoelectric probe 1 is fixed on the tested end of cable 2, and it is used to receiving, and ultrasound pulse transmission device 6 transmits to swashs
Signal is encouraged, the excitation ultrasound guided wave in steel wire；
Ultrasound pulse transmission device 6 is used to launch pumping signal to piezoelectric probe 1；
Electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3 is used to be fixed on the tested surface of cable 2, receives what is propagated by being detected the steel wire of cable 2
Ultrasonic guided wave signals simultaneously send the electromagnetism guided wave signals of reception to ultrasonic signal processing device 7；Electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3 is wrapped
Include coil 4 and magnetizer 5.
Ultrasonic signal processing device 7 is used for the electromagnetism guided wave signals for receiving the transmission of electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3, and ultrasound is led
Ripple signal is converted into data signal and sent to computer 11；Ultrasonic signal processing device 7 includes ultrasonic reception module 8, signal
Amplification module 9 and signal processing module 10.
Computer 11 is used to receive and analyze ultrasonic guided wave signals, and calculates steel wire damage position and lesion depths are big
It is small.
Computer 11 is additionally operable to send control command to ultrasound pulse transmission device 6, makes ultrasound pulse transmission device 6 to pressure
Electric probe 1 launches pumping signal.
In detection process, computer 11 sends control command to ultrasound pulse transmission device 6 first, triggers piezoelectric probe
1 in tested steel wire excitation ultrasound guided wave signals.When supersonic guide-wave propagates to coil 4 in steel wire, Steel Wire Surface particle vibration
The voltage at the both ends of eddy current coil 4 is changed under magnetic fields, can be received by electromagnetic acoustic device.Electromagnetism surpasses
The ultrasonic signal received is gathered signal by sound reception device 3 by ultrasonic reception module 8, and the signal after collection passes through signal
After the processing of amplification module 9, signal processing module 10 is input to by USB interface, by being based on MATLAB language in computer 11
System software complete the control to whole detecting system and the real-time display to ultrasonic testing results, carried out with being damaged to cable
Detection.
Inspection software major function based on MATLAB programmings in above computer 11 includes ultrasonic signal multi-channel data
Collection, filtering, Hilbert conversion, cross correlation algorithm, steel wire damage signal judge etc., to cable damage position carry out positioning and
Lesion size carries out quantitative analysis.
Shown in Figure 2, piezoelectric probe 1 includes conducting rod 12, lug plate 13, lead 14, piezoelectric chip 17 and magnet ring 18：
The one end of conducting rod 12 is connected with ultrasound pulse transmission device 6, and the other end passes sequentially through lug plate 13 and lead 14 and piezoelectric chip
17 are connected, and magnet ring 18 is arranged at the periphery of piezoelectric chip 17, and piezoelectric chip 17 is adsorbed in the tested end of cable 2 by magnet ring 18, can
To ensure that probe contacts with the uniform of steel wire end face, Site Detection is anti-interference strong, easy to operate.Piezoelectric chip 17 and tested cable
Alumina protective layer 19 is additionally provided with the contact surface of 2 ends, piezoelectric chip 17 can be protected not to be worn, improves probe and cable
Between coupling.Piezoelectric probe 1 also includes shell 16 and damping block 15, and lug plate 13, lead 14, piezoelectric chip 17 are located at
In shell 16, damping block 15 is located between piezoelectric chip 17 and shell 16.Shell 16 is made up of metal material, plays fixed and protection
The effect of the whole element of piezoelectric probe 1.Damping block 15 is adhered to the back side of piezoelectric chip 17, be one kind by tungsten powder and epoxy resin
The high-damping absorbing medium being mixed, the inertial oscillation of piezoelectric chip 17 can be prevented and absorb the back side radiant of piezoelectric chip 17
Acoustic energy, reduce pulse width and noise signal interference.
The present invention is detected by the way of the excitation ultrasound guided wave of piezoelectric probe 1 of optimization to the damage of cable fracture of wire, is swashed
Signal strong, available for core wire damage check, and check frequency can be eliminated.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, for those skilled in the art, is not departing from
On the premise of the principle of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of bridge cable steel wire damage, it is characterised in that：Piezoelectric probe (1) is set in tested cable (2) steel cord end, by ultrasound pulse transmission device (6) to piezoelectric probe (1) Launch pumping signal, the excitation ultrasound guided wave in steel wire；Electromagnetic acoustic reception device (3) collection ultrasonic guided wave signals are set on tested cable (2) surface；Ultrasonic guided wave signals are converted into counting by the ultrasonic signal processing device (7) being connected with electromagnetic acoustic reception device (3) Word signal is simultaneously sent to computer (11)；The ultrasonic guided wave signals of ultrasonic signal processing device (7) transmission are analyzed by computer (11), and calculate steel wire damage Position and lesion depths size.
- 2. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of bridge cable steel wire damage as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Computer (11) ultrasonic guided wave signals of electromagnetic acoustic reception device (3) collection are analyzed, and the method for calculating steel wire damage position is：If distance of the electromagnetic acoustic reception device (3) away from piezoelectric probe (1) is L0, ultrasonic guided wave signals propagate to electromagnetic acoustic and connect Receiving apparatus (3) time is t0, distance of the steel wire damage position away from piezoelectric probe (1) is Lf, damage signal propagates to electromagnetic acoustic and connects The time of receiving apparatus (3) is tf：Calculation formula is：Lf=L0+(tf-t0)v0/2。
- 3. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of bridge cable steel wire damage as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Computer (11) ultrasonic guided wave signals of electromagnetic acoustic reception device (3) collection, and the method for calculating steel wire lesion depths size are analyzed For：Lesion depths size is calculated according to the reflectance factor of damage signal.
- 4. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of bridge cable steel wire damage as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The calculating Machine (11) is additionally operable to send control command to ultrasound pulse transmission device (6), makes ultrasound pulse transmission device (6) to piezoelectric probe (1) pumping signal is launched.
- A kind of 5. ultrasonic guided wave detecting system of bridge cable steel wire damage, it is characterised in that including：The piezoelectric probe (1) is fixed on tested cable (2) end, and ultrasound pulse transmission device (6) transmits to pumping signal, The excitation ultrasound guided wave in steel wire；Ultrasound pulse transmission device (6) is used to launch pumping signal to the piezoelectric probe (1)；Electromagnetic acoustic reception device (3) is fixed on tested cable (2) surface, receives and is propagated by tested cable (2) steel wire Ultrasonic guided wave signals and the electromagnetism guided wave signals of reception are sent to ultrasonic signal processing device (7)；Ultrasonic signal processing device (7) is used for the electromagnetism guided wave signals for receiving electromagnetic acoustic reception device (3) transmission, and ultrasound is led Ripple signal is converted into data signal and sent to computer (11)；Computer (11) is used to receive and analyze ultrasonic guided wave signals, and calculates steel wire damage position and lesion depths size.
- 6. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting system of bridge cable steel wire damage as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The calculating Machine (11) is additionally operable to send control command to ultrasound pulse transmission device (6), makes ultrasound pulse transmission device (6) to piezoelectric probe (1) pumping signal is launched.
- 7. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting system of bridge cable steel wire damage as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The piezoelectricity Probe (1) includes conducting rod (12), lug plate (13), lead (14), piezoelectric chip (17) and magnet ring (18)：The conducting rod (12) one end is connected with ultrasound pulse transmission device (6), and the other end passes sequentially through lug plate (13) and lead (14) and piezo crystals Piece (17) is connected, and the magnet ring (18) is arranged at the piezoelectric chip (17) periphery, and the piezoelectric chip (17) passes through the magnetic Ring (18) is adsorbed in tested cable (2) end.
- 8. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting system of bridge cable steel wire damage as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：The piezoelectricity Chip (17) on the contact surface of tested cable (2) end with being additionally provided with alumina protective layer (19).
- 9. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting system of bridge cable steel wire damage as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：The piezoelectricity (1) is popped one's head in also including shell (16) and damping block (15), the lug plate (13), lead (14), piezoelectric chip (17) are located at institute State in shell (16), the damping block (15) is located between the piezoelectric chip (17) and the shell (16).
- 10. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting system of bridge cable steel wire damage as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described super Signal processor (7) includes ultrasonic reception module (8), signal amplification module (9) and signal processing module (10).
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109371837A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-02-22 | 中铁大桥科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of suspension cable damper for taking into account cable tension test |
| CN109765300A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-17 | 清华大学 | The detection method and device of metallic conduit residual wall thickness |
| CN110596244A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-20 | 同济大学 | Ultrasonic flaw detection device and method for stay cable |
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| CN110596245A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-20 | 秦石美 | Active guided wave array sensor for inhaul cable defects and detection method |
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