CN107824821A

CN107824821A - Use the cutting element of one or more machined tool tips with diffractive features

Info

Publication number: CN107824821A
Application number: CN201711234779.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马克·E·加迪纳; 杰弗里·E·克莱门茨; 马克·R·杜普雷
Original assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Co
Current assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Co
Priority date: 2007-10-29
Filing date: 2008-10-17
Publication date: 2018-03-23
Anticipated expiration: 2028-10-17
Also published as: KR20100092943A; US7669508B2; JP2011502058A; CN101909833A; EP2219833A4; JP2014128874A; CN107824821B; WO2009058586A2; WO2009058586A3; US20090110504A1; JP2017119344A; JP6470330B2; EP2219833A2

Abstract

The invention discloses cutter assembly, the cutter assembly has the handle of a knife on knife rest and knife rest, and knife rest can be along turning work piece transverse shifting to be cut, and handle of a knife fixes at least one machined tool tip and may fix other cutter heads.Cutter head has the diffractive features of contact workpiece, to process the macro-scale feature with nanoscale features.Machine workpieces can be used for preparing the product with diffractive features, such as the optical film with lenslet.

Description

Use the cutting element of one or more machined tool tips with diffractive features

It is on October 17th, 2008, Application No. 200880123087.4, entitled " use the applying date that the application, which is, The divisional application of the application for a patent for invention of the cutting element of one or more machined tool tips with diffractive features ".

Background technology

Process technology can be used for forming diversified workpiece, such as tools for micro replication.Tools for micro replication is frequently utilized for squeezing Go out technique, molding process, imprint process, modeling technique etc., to form microreplicated works.Microreplicated works can have light Learn film, grinding agent film, binder film, have from the machanical fastener for engaging section bar or with relatively small (such as the size of size Less than about 1000 microns) microreplicated works any molding or extrusion part.

Also the micro-structural can be prepared by various other methods.For example, can be by casting and curing process by the knot of master mold Structure is transferred on other media (such as band or web of polymeric material) from master mold, to form the tool of production；Then use This tool of production prepares microreplicated works.Other methods (such as electroforming) can be used to replicate the master mold.Prepare light-leading film Another alternate method is to directly cut or process transparent material, to form appropriate structure.Other technologies include chemistry and lost Quarter, bead or other stochastic surface modification techniques.

The content of the invention

Meeting the equipment of the workpieces processing of the present invention includes：The workpiece of substantial cylindrical, it is in a specific embodiment It is mounted, in rotary moving；Driver, it is connected to the workpiece for rotating the workpiece；And knife rest, it is pacified Dress is in orbit, for being arranged essentially parallel to the movement of workpiece to be processed surface.Handle of a knife is fixed on the knife rest, and is had The cutter head of multiple diffractive features is fixed to the knife rest by the handle of a knife.It is connected to the controller control knife of driver and knife rest Head and controls movement of the knife rest parallel to workpiece to be processed surface relative to the movement of the workpiece so that in the processing phase Between diffractive features contact workpiece surface on the cutter head.Wherein, the size and dimension of the multiple diffractive features and described Spacing between multiple diffractive features designed to be used optical diffraction amount or optical diffraction degree needed for optical film, the optical film It is as prepared by the workpiece processed by the equipment.As the alternative form of the workpiece of substantial cylindrical, with The processing that the cutter head of diffractive features is carried out can be carried out on the workpiece of general plane.

Or the device may also comprise the multiple cutter heads of cutting workpiece simultaneously that are closely adjacent to each other simultaneously.Multiple cutter heads respectively can be optional Ground has at least one diffractive features.

Brief description of the drawings

Accompanying drawing is included in this manual and forms the part of this specification, and they are explained with reference to embodiment Bright advantages of the present invention and principle.In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is for the schematic diagram for the cutting element system for preparing micro-structural within the workpiece；

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for showing the coordinate system for cutting element；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram for the exemplary PZT stack in cutting element；

Fig. 4 A are the perspective view of tool tip；

Fig. 4 B are for the front view for the tool tip for fixing cutter head；

Fig. 4 C are the side view of tool tip；

Fig. 4 D are the top view of tool tip；

Fig. 5 A are the perspective view of cutter head；

Fig. 5 B are the front view of cutter head；

Fig. 5 C are the upward view of cutter head；

Fig. 5 D are the side view of cutter head；

Fig. 6 A are the top plan view of FTS actuators.

Fig. 6 B are the front sectional elevation for the setting for showing the PZT stack in actuator；

Fig. 6 C are the front view of actuator；

Fig. 6 D are the rearview of actuator；

Fig. 6 E are the top view of actuator；

Fig. 6 F and Fig. 6 G are the side view of actuator；

Fig. 6 H are the perspective view of actuator；

Fig. 7 A are to show that entering entering in workpiece cone angle and leaves the interrupted cut for going out cone angle and being substantially identical of workpiece Schematic diagram；

Fig. 7 B are to show to enter the schematic diagram for entering cone angle and being less than the interrupted cut for going out cone angle for leaving workpiece in workpiece；

Fig. 7 C are to show to enter the schematic diagram for entering cone angle and being more than the interrupted cut for going out cone angle for leaving workpiece in workpiece；

Fig. 8 is to conceptually illustrate using micro- knot made of the cutting element system with Interrupted Cut FTS Actuator The schematic diagram of structure；

Fig. 9 A are the perspective view of machined tool tip；

Fig. 9 B are the front view of machined tool tip；

Fig. 9 C are the upward view of machined tool tip；

Fig. 9 D are the side view of machined tool tip；

Figure 10 A are the side view of the multi-knife-head cutter with machined tool tip and non-machined tool tip；

Figure 10 B are the side view of the multi-knife-head cutter with multiple machined tool tips；

Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B are respectively side view and perspective view, and the figure is conceptually illustrated using with least one Micro-structural made of the cutting element system of the FTS actuators of machined tool tip；

Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B are respectively side view and perspective view, and the figure is conceptually illustrated using with least one Micro-structural made of the cutting element system of the Interrupted Cut FTS Actuator of machined tool tip；

Figure 13 is the side view of the cutter head on two facets with diffractive features；

Figure 14 is the side view of the cutter head with diffractive features on a facet；

Figure 15 is the side view of the cutter head with the diffractive features using ladder height change；

Figure 16 is the side view of the cutter head with the diffractive features along 90 ° of facet sides；

Figure 17 is the side view of the cutter head with the diffractive features along flat top end；

Figure 18 is the side view of the cutter head with the diffractive features along curved apex；

Figure 19 is the side view of the cutter head with the diffractive features formed with stepped-style；

Figure 20 is the side view of the cutter head with lens shape diffractive features；

Figure 21 is the side view of the cutter head with the diffractive features along bending facet；

Figure 22 is the side view of the cutter head with the diffractive features along multiple linear facets；

Figure 23 A are side view of the cutter head before ion milling；

The cutter head that Figure 23 B are Figure 23 A is after utilizing ion milling to form diffractive features in the same level on top Side view；

Figure 24 A are side view of the cutter head before ion milling；

The cutter head that Figure 24 B are Figure 24 A is after utilizing ion milling to form diffractive features in the Different Plane on top Side view；

Figure 25 A are the first perspective view of non-FTS knife rests；

Figure 25 B are the second perspective view of non-FTS knife rests；

Figure 25 C are the top view of non-FTS knife rests；

Figure 26 A are the perspective view of the handle of a knife for cutter head to be fixed on non-FTS knife rests；

Figure 26 B are for the front view for the handle of a knife for fixing cutter head；

Figure 26 C are for the upward view for the handle of a knife for fixing cutter head；And

Figure 26 D are for the side view for the handle of a knife for fixing cutter head.

Embodiment

Cutting element system

Normal diamond turning technology is described in the patent application WO 00/48037 that PCT has been announced, the patent Shen It please be incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.In these methods using and for prepare optical film or other films equipment can wrap Include fast tool servo (fast tool servo).As disclosed in WO 00/48037, fast tool servo (FTS) is It is referred to as solid state piezoelectric (PZT) device of PZT stack, its quick adjustment is attached to the position of the cutting element of PZT stack.It is as follows What face was described in detail, FTS allows cutting element to carry out the movement of high precision and high speed in the direction in coordinate system.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the cutting element system 10 for preparing micro-structural within the workpiece；Micro-structural may include to be located at product Structure on surface, in surface or from the raised any types of product surface, shape and size.For example, use this specification The micro-structural that the actuator and system of description are formed can have 1000 microns of spacing, 100 microns of spacing, 1 micron of spacing or even The optical subwavelength spacing of about 200 nanometers (nm).Or in other embodiments, the spacing of micro-structural can be more than 1000 microns, Regardless of whether how to be cut.These sizes are provided only for schematically being illustrated, the actuating described using this specification Micro-structural made of device and system can have any size that can be used in the range of system processing.

System 10 is controlled by computer 12.Computer 12 have (such as) with lower component：Memory 14, its store one or Multiple application programs 16；Second memory 18, it provides Nonvolatile memory；Input unit 20, it is used for receive information Or order；Processor 22, it, which is used to perform, is stored in answering in memory 14 or second memory 18 or from another source Use program；Display device 24, it is used to export video information；And output device 26, it is used for output information in other forms, Such as the loudspeaker for audio-frequency information or the printer of the hard copy for information.

Machining is carried out to workpiece 54 using cutter head 44.When workpiece 54 by driver and encoder 56 (such as by calculating Machine 12 control motor) rotation when, actuator 38 control cutter head 44 movement.In this example, workpiece 54 is roll form, so And can also plane form realization.Any machinable material can be used；For example, can be by aluminium, nickel, copper, brass, steel or plastics Workpiece is made in (such as acrylic resin).For example, the specific material used can depend on required concrete application, such as use machine Various films are made in workpieces processing.Actuator 38 and actuator described below can by (such as) stainless steel or other materials are made.

Actuator 38 is detachably connected to knife rest 36, and the knife rest is then on track 32.Knife rest 36 and actuator 38 It is built on track 32, with mobile in both X-direction and Z-direction shown in arrow 40 and 42.Computer 12 passes through one or more Individual amplifier 30 electrically connects with knife rest 36 and actuator 38.When functioning as a controller, computer 12 controls knife by actuator 38 Frame 36 is along moving for track 32 and moving for cutter head 44, for workpieces processing 54.If there are actuator multiple PZT to fold Heap, then its can independently control each PZT stack using single amplifier, stacked for independently controlling to be attached to On cutter head movement.As described in more detail below, computer 12 can utilize function generator 28, to be carried to actuator 38 For waveform, so as to the various micro-structurals in workpieces processing 54.

Pass through the mobile processing for realizing workpiece 54 of the coordination of various parts.Especially, under control of computer 12, this is System by the moving hormany of knife rest 36 and can control the movement of actuator 38, together with coordinating and control shifting of the workpiece in C directions 53 In the movement of one or more of X-direction, Y-direction and Z-direction, these coordinates will be described hereinafter dynamic and cutter head 44.Should System generally makes knife rest 36 be moved in z-direction with constant speed, but knife rest 36 can also be made to be moved with speed change.Usual knife rest 36 and knife First 44 movement is synchronous with movement (what such as lines 53 represented in rotary moving) of the workpiece 54 in C directions.Using (such as computer The digital control technology or digitial controller (NC) performed in software, hardware or its combination in 12) all these movements of control.

The cutting of workpiece may include cutting movement both continuously and discontinuously.For the workpiece of roll form, cutting may include Screw type or each round cutting (sometimes referred to as screw chasing) near reel or its.For the work of plane form Part, cutting may include the screw type on workpiece or near it or each round cutting.Also X can be used to cut, the cutting relates to And almost straight cutting form, wherein diamond segment can laterally pass in and out workpiece, but the overall movement of knife rest is linear motion. Cutting may also comprise the combination of these type of sports.

Workpiece 54 can be used for preparing the film with corresponding micro-structural used in numerous applications after processing.These films Example includes optical film, friction control film and the part of micro-fasteners or other machinery micro-structural.Usually using coating Technique prepares film, and in coating processes, the polymeric material of viscous pasty state is applied to workpiece, it is allowed to which it is consolidated at least in part Change, be then removed.The polymeric material of solidification is usually formed the substrate of substantial transparent for the film, the substrate have with The substantially opposite structure of structure in workpiece.For example, the impression in workpiece causes projection in gained film.Workpiece 54 is processed It can also be used for preparing other products with the discontinuous part or micro-structural corresponding with those in cutting element afterwards.

Coolant 46 is used for controlling the temperature of knife rest 36 and actuator 38 by line 48 and 50.Temperature control unit 52 can make Coolant keeps the temperature of substantial constant when circulating through knife rest 36 and actuator 38.Temperature control unit 52 can be used for Any device of fluid temperature (F.T.) is controlled to realize.Coolant can use oil product to realize, such as light viscosity oil.The He of temperature control unit 52 Coolant liquid reservoir 46 may include to make fluid circulation through knife rest 36 and the pump of actuator 38, and in order that fluid is maintained at base Stationary temperature in sheet, generally also include the cooling system that heat is removed from fluid.Make fluid circulation and fluid temperature (F.T.) control is provided The cooling system and pumping system of system are known in the art.In certain embodiments, in order that the material to be processed in workpiece Surface be maintained at the temperature of substantial constant, coolant can be also coated to workpiece 54.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for showing the coordinate system for cutting element (such as system 10).Shown coordinate system is cutter head 62 The coordinate system moved relative to workpiece 64.Cutter head 62 can be corresponding with cutter head 44, and is typically attached to the (cutter head of tool tip 60 Seat is attached to actuator).In this exemplary embodiment, coordinate system includes X-direction 66, Y-direction 68 and Z-direction 70.X-direction 66 Refer to the movement in the direction substantially perpendicular to workpiece 64.Y-direction 68 refer to horizontal direction on whole workpiece 64 (such as In the direction of the rotary shaft substantially perpendicular to workpiece 64) movement.Z-direction 70 refers in the direction laterally along workpiece 64 The movement in (such as in the direction for the rotary shaft for being arranged essentially parallel to workpiece 64).The direction of rotation of workpiece is referred to as C directions and (uses Fig. 1 Represented with the arrow 53 shown in Fig. 2).When workpiece is realized with the plane form relative with roll form, then Y-direction and Z-direction Refer to the movement in the mutually orthogonal direction substantially perpendicular to X-direction on whole workpiece.The workpiece of plane form can wrap Include (such as) any other constructions of rotating disk or planar materials.

System 10 can be used for high-precision High-speed machining.The processing of this type must take into consideration many kinds of parameters, such as part Regulation speed and workpiece material.Such as, it is often necessary to heat endurance and characteristic together with workpiece material consider to be used to give The ratio energy of the metal to be processed of volume.The cutting parameter relevant with processing is described in the following references, these ginsengs Document is examined to be herein incorporated by reference as shown completely：Machining Data Handbook,Library of Congress Catalog Card No.66-60051,Second Edition(1972)(《Process data handbook》, state of the U.S. Meeting libary catalog card number 66-60051, the second edition (1972))；Edward Trent and Paul Wright,Metal Cutting,Fourth Edition,Butterworth-Heinemann,ISBN 0-7506-7069-X(2000)(Edward Trent and Paul Wright,《Metal cutting》, fourth edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, ISBN 0-7506-7069-X (2000))；Zhang Jin-Hua,Theory and Technique of Precision Cutting,Pergamon Press, ISBN 0-08-035891-8 (1991) (Zhang Jin-Hua,《Precision cutting theory and technology》, Pergamon goes out Version society, ISBN 0-08-035891-8 (1991))；And M.K.Krueger et al., New Technology in Metalworking Fluids and Grinding Wheels Achieves Tenfold Improvement in Grinding Performance,Coolant/Lubricants for Metal Cutting and Grinding Conference, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A., June 7,2000 (M.K.Krueger et al.,《Utilize intermetallic composite coating The new technology of liquid and emery wheel can obtain ten times of improved grinding performances》, metal cutting and grinding paste/lubricant meeting (Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.), on June 7th, 2000).

PZT stack, tool tip and cutter head

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the exemplary PZT stack 72 for cutting element.PZT stack is used to make coupled knife Head is mobile and is run according to PZT effects, and this is known in the art.According to PZT effects, the electric field for being applied to certain class material will Make it along an axis thereof, and shunk along another axis.PZT stack generally includes to be enclosed in housing 84 and install Multiple material 74,76 and 78 on substrate 86.Material in the exemplary embodiment uses the ceramics by PZT effects Material is realized.Three pans 74,76 and 78 are shown only for schematically being illustrated, such as can be according to specific embodiment The material for needing to use any number of pan or other materials and any kind of shape.Post 88 is connected to plate-like Protruded on thing and from housing 84.Pan can use any PZT material to realize, for example, the titanium of mixing, compacting, doping and sintering Sour barium, lead zirconates or metatitanic acid lead material.For example, magnetostriction materials realization can also be used in pan.

Electrical connection (being represented with line 80 and 82) with pan 74,76 and 78 provides electric field for it, to obtain post 88 It is mobile.Due to PZT effects, and based on the type of electric field applied, accurate a small amount of movement of post 88 can be achieved, for example, it is some micro- Movement in rice.Installed in addition, the end of the PZT stack 72 with post 88 can abut one or more Belleville washers, the packing ring The preload of PZT stack is provided.Belleville washer has some pliabilities so that post 88 and the cutter head movement for being attached to the post.

Fig. 4 A-4D are the view of exemplary tool tip carrier 90, and as described below, the tool tip should be installed to PZT stack Post 88, for being controlled by actuator.Fig. 4 A are the perspective view of tool tip 90.Fig. 4 B are the front view of tool tip 90.Fig. 4 C are The side view of tool tip 90.Fig. 4 D are the top view of tool tip 90.

As shown in figs. 4 a-4d, tool tip 90 includes flat back surface 92, the preceding surface 94 of taper and with inclination or cone The protrusion surface 98 of shape side.Aperture 96 is used for the post that tool tip 90 is installed to PZT stack.Conical surface 98, which is used to install, to be used In the cutter head of workpieces processing.In this exemplary embodiment, tool tip 90 includes flat surface, when being installed to PZT stack, to lead to Cross and bigger contact surface area is provided and improves its mounting stability；And the tool tip includes the preceding surface of taper, to mitigate Its quality.Tool tip 90 is installed to PZT and folded using adhesive, solder brazing, welding, fastener (such as bolt) or other methods The post 88 of heap.

For example, according to the requirement of specific embodiment, other tool tip configurations can be used.Term " tool tip " is intended to wrap Include any kind of structure of the cutter head for being fixed for workpieces processing.Can use (such as one kind in llowing group of materials or It is a variety of to realize tool tip 90：Sintered-carbide, silicon nitride, carborundum, steel, titanium, diamond or synthetic diamond material.For knife The material of headstock 90 is preferably rigid lightweight material.

Fig. 5 A-5D are the view of exemplary tool tip 100, by using such as adhesive, solder brazing, welding or other means The cutter head is fixed to the surface 98 of tool tip 90.Fig. 5 A are the perspective view of cutter head 100.Fig. 5 B are the front view of cutter head 100.Figure 5C is the upward view of cutter head 100.Fig. 5 D are the side view of cutter head 100.As shown in figs. 5 a-5d, cutter head 100 includes side 104, taper With angled preceding surface 106 and for by cutter head be fixed to tool tip 90 surface 98 lower surface 102.Cutter head 100 Front portion 105 be used for actuator control under workpieces processing.Cutter head 100 can use (such as) Buddha's warrior attendant stone realize.

Interrupted Cut FTS Actuator

Because cutter head discontinuously contacts workpiece in working angles, so as to form non-conterminous micro-structural, therefore discontinuously Cutting FTS actuators can be used to prepare less micro-structural.Film light guide, microfluidic structures, piece can be prepared using these features Section adhesive, abrasive product, optical diffusion sheet, high-contrast optics screen, light deflection film, anti-reflection structure, light mixed structure And decorating film.

The actuator can provide further advantage.For example, feature can be made small invisible to naked eyes.This category feature (such as) Reduce the needs for the light extraction features hidden using diffusion sheet in liquid crystal display.Another advantage is can be by light extraction features It is made linear or circular.Under linear case, they can with (such as) together with conventional cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) light source Use.Under if circular, light extraction features can be made on circular arc, central point is located at LED residing under normal circumstances Opening position.Another advantage is related to programming and topology layout, need not be by all features along as continuous in these layouts Single line as groove is arranged.Pass through the spacing and depth arranged the spacing along feature, be orthogonal to feature, it may be determined that property Ground adjusts the surface density of light extraction features.In addition, angle and half-angle by selecting cutting facet, can obtain preferable light Extract angle.

The depth of feature can (such as) in the range of 0 to 35 micron, be more typically in the range of 0 to 15 micron.It is right In roll type workpiece, the length of any single feature is by the revolutions per minute (RPM) and FTS of the workpiece rotated along C axles Response time and input FTS waveform control.Characteristic length can be controlled in (such as) from 1 to 200 micron.For screw type Cutting, the spacing for being orthogonal to groove are also programmable to from 1 to 1000 micron.As illustrated, prepare feature cutter head will along enter cone Angle and go out cone angle material is cut, so as to form structure, the shape of the structure is controlled by following factors：RPM, FTS sound Between seasonable and input FTS waveform, the resolution ratio of spindle encoder and diamond segment clearance angle (such as maximum 45 degree). Clearance angle may include the cutting angle of cutter head.Feature can have a diversified 3D shape, for example, symmetrical, asymmetric, substantially Hemispherical, prism and semiellipsoid.

Fig. 6 A-6H are for the view for the example actuator 110 for realizing the microreplicated system and method for interrupted cut.Term " actuator " is to instigate cutter head substantially with any kind of actuator of the X-direction movement for workpieces processing or other dresses Put.Fig. 6 A are the top plan view of actuator 110.Fig. 6 B are the forward sight section for showing the PZT stack position in actuator 110 Figure.Fig. 6 C are the front view of actuator 110.Fig. 6 D are the rearview of actuator 110.Fig. 6 E are the top view of actuator 110.Figure 6F and Fig. 6 G are the side view of actuator 110.Fig. 6 H are the perspective view of actuator 110.For clarity, removed in Fig. 6 C-6H Some details of actuator 110.

As figs. 6 a-6 h illustrate, actuator 110 includes that the main body 112 of X-direction PZT stack 118 can be fixed.PZT stack 118 are attached to the tool tip 136 with cutter head 135, for making cutter head in the X-direction movement shown in arrow 138.PZT stack 118 The exemplary PZT stack 72 shown in Fig. 3 can be used.Cutter head 135 in tool tip 136 can use the tool tip shown in Fig. 4 A-4D Realized with the cutter head shown in Fig. 5 A-5D.Main body 112 also includes two apertures 114 and 115, for by main body removably (such as Pass through bolt) knife rest 36 is installed to, for the workpieces processing 54 under the control of computer 12.

PZT stack 118 is fixedly mounted in main body 112, to ensure the required stabilization of the movement of accurate control cutter head 135 Property.In this example, the diamond on cutter head 135 is offsets the diamond of vertical 45 degree of facet, but can use other classes The diamond of type.For example, cutter head can be V-arrangement (symmetrically or non-symmetrically), round end, flat or bending facet instrument.Due to not Continuously (non-conterminous) feature is cut on diamond turning machine, thus they can be linear or circular.Further, since these Be characterized in it is discontinuous, thus even without along single lines or circle set.These features can be interspersed with pseudorandom.

PZT stack 118 is fixed in main body 112 by guide rail (such as guide rail 120 and 122).PZT stack 118 is preferable Ground is removed by being slided along guide rail from main body 112, and is fixed in main body 112 using bolt or other fasteners suitable When position.PZT stack 118 includes electrical connection 130, for from the reception signal of computer 12.The end cap of PZT stack 118 includes Mouthfuls 128, for receiving the coolant (such as oil) from liquid reservoir 46, make coolant around PZT stack circulation, and by coolant Oral 132 send liquid reservoir 46 back to, for keeping its temperature control.Main body 112 may include suitable passage with around PZT stack 118 Directed cooling liquid, pump or other devices in usable temp control unit 52 circulate coolant.

Fig. 6 B are the front sectional elevation for showing position of the PZT stack 118 in main body 112, PZT stack not shown in it 118 end cap.Main body 112 may each comprise the more guide rails for PZT stack in each hole, and these guide rails are used for PZT Stack and be securely maintained at appropriate position.For example, PZT stack 118 is surrounded by guide rail 120,122,142 and 144, to pacify It is held in position in being fixed when in main body 112.Be attached to the end cap of PZT stack 118 can accommodate bolt or Other fasteners, PZT stack is fixed on one or more of guide rail 120,122,142 and 144, and end cap also may be used Sealing is provided for the PZT stack 118 in main body 112, in its surrounding loop coolant.PZT stack 118 may include one Or multiple Belleville washers, the packing ring, which is arranged on, to be stacked between tool tip 136, for the preload of PZT stack.

Fig. 7 A-7C are shown with the situation that above-mentioned example actuator and system carry out interrupted cut processing to workpiece.It is special Not, Fig. 7 A-7C show that the variable of cutter head enters cone angle and to go out the use of cone angle, utilize (such as) above-mentioned parameter can control these angles Degree.Each in Fig. 7 A-7C shows the example for entering cone angle with difference and going out before and after cone angle cutting workpiece.Enter cone angle and be referred to as λ_Enter, Go out cone angle and be referred to as λ_{Go out}.Term " entering cone angle " and " going out cone angle " are respectively intended to mean the cutter head during processing and enter workpiece and leave workpiece Angle.Enter cone angle and go out cone angle and not necessarily correspond to angle when cutter head moves through workpiece；On the contrary, both refer to insert contacts With the angle for leaving workpiece.In Fig. 7 A-7C, cutter head and workpiece can use (such as) said system and part realize.

Fig. 7 A be show to be substantially identical enter cone angle and to go out the interrupted cut 150 that cone angle enters and leaves workpiece 153 Schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 7 A, cutter head 151 enters the cone angle 152 that enters of workpiece 153 and is substantially equal to and the (λ of cone angle 154_Enter≈λ_{Go out})。 The duration of cutter head 151 into workpiece 153 determines the length L (156) of gained micro-structural.Enter cone using what is be substantially identical Angle and go out cone angle and can cause to remove material by using cutter head from workpiece and form the micro-structural 158 of substantial symmetry.The process It may be repeated, to prepare the extra micro-structural separated by distance D (162), such as micro-structural 160.

Fig. 7 B are to show the signal for entering cone angle and being less than the interrupted cut for going out cone angle for leaving workpiece 167 into workpiece 167 Figure.As shown in Figure 7 B, the cone angle 166 that enters of cutter head 165 into workpiece 167 is less than the (λ of cone angle 168_Enter<λ_{Go out}).Cutter head 165 is in workpiece Residence time in 167 determines the length 170 of gained micro-structural.Using less than going out entering cone angle and causing by using knife for cone angle Head removes material from workpiece and forms asymmetrical micro-structural, such as micro-structural 172.The process may be repeated, to prepare The extra micro-structural separated by distance 176, such as micro-structural 174.

Fig. 7 C are to show to enter in workpiece 181 cone angle that enters to be more than and leave the interrupted cut that goes out cone angle of workpiece 181 and showing It is intended to.As seen in figure 7 c, the cone angle 180 that enters of cutter head 179 into workpiece 181 is more than the (λ of cone angle 182_Enter>λ_{Go out}).Cutter head 179 is in work Residence time in part 181 determines the length 184 of gained micro-structural.Using more than go out cone angle enter cone angle can cause by using Cutter head removes material from workpiece and forms asymmetrical micro-structural, such as micro-structural 186.The process may be repeated, with system The standby extra micro-structural separated by distance 190, such as micro-structural 188.

In Fig. 7 A-7C, enter cone angle and go out cone angle dotted line (152,154,166,168,180 and 182) be intended to it is conceptual Ground shows that cutter head enters and leaves the example of the angle of workpiece.In cutting workpiece, cutter head can be in the passage of any particular type Middle movement, for example, the passage of the combination of linear passageway, curved channel including linear movement and curvilinear motion or by specific function The passage of restriction.The passage of cutter head may be selected, with Optimizing Cutting Conditions, such as complete the total time needed for workpiece cutting.

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram for conceptually illustrating the micro-structural in film, and the micro-structural in the film can be prepared as follows： Using the cutting element system with Interrupted Cut FTS Actuator to prepare the workpiece of processing, then prepared and tied using the workpiece The film of structure.As shown in figure 8, product 200 includes top surface 202 and lower surface 204.Top surface 202 includes discontinuously cutting The protrusion micro-structural (such as structure 206,208 and 210) cut, these micro-structurals can be prepared as follows：Use above-mentioned actuating Device and system workpieces processing, then prepare film or product using the workpiece and coating technique.In this example, each micro-structural All there is length L, the micro-structural of order cutting is separated by distance D, and adjacent microstructures are then separated by spacing P.Implement these parameters Example see above.

Machined tool tip

Fig. 9 A-9D be exemplary machined cutter head 220 view, by using (such as) adhesive, solder brazing, welding or These cutter heads are fixed to the surface 98 of tool tip 90 by other manner.Fig. 9 A are the perspective view of cutter head 220.Fig. 9 B are cutter head 220 Front view.Fig. 9 C are the upward view of cutter head 220.Fig. 9 D are the side view of cutter head 220.As shown in fig. s 9a through 9d, cutter head 220 wraps Include the lower surface on side 224, taper and angled preceding surface 226 and the surface 98 for cutter head to be fixed to tool tip 90 222.The front portion 225 of cutter head 220 is used under actuator control (such as by using said system) workpieces processing.Cutter head 220 By processing, make that also there is micro-structural (such as groove) 221 and 223 on its front portion 225, micro-structural 221 and 223 is also used for processing work Part.Micro-structural in machined tool tip can have one or more of above-mentioned example shape and size.

Cutter head 220 can use (such as) Buddha's warrior attendant stone realize.It is other in micro-structural 221 and 223 and machined tool tip Micro-structural is preferably by ion milling preparation.Other technologies that micro-structural is prepared on cutter head add including fine electric spark Work, grinding, grinding, etching or the other methods being imparted to cut or feature in cutter head.Or gold can be ground in a conventional manner Hard rock, then accurately it is bonded together again, to prepare the big tool assembly of the feature with micro-structural.Only for being shown The explanation of meaning property, each side of cutter head only shows a micro-structural；Cutter head can have any of any shape, size and configuration The micro-structural of quantity.As the alternative form of impression micro-structural, machined tool tip can be with protrusion micro-structural or micro- with impression The combination of structure and protrusion micro-structural.

More than one cutter head can be installed to tool tip (such as tool tip 90), for workpieces processing.In these realities Apply in example, multiple cutter heads process a workpiece, essentially simultaneously to prepare micro-structural, such as parallel micro-structural within the workpiece The groove or further feature of change.Figure 10 A are the exemplary multi-knife-head cutter 230 with machined tool tip and non-machined tool tip Side view.Term " does not machine " cutter head and refers to the cutter head without additional processing, wherein additional processing after being formed by processing It can be used to prepare micro-structural in cutter head.Machine of the multi-knife-head cutter 230 with non-machined tool tip 234 and with micro-structural 238 Process cutter head 236.Cutter head 234 and 236 is installed to pedestal 232 (such as surface 98 of tool tip 90), and using (such as) Adhesive, solder brazing, welding or other means are installed.The distance between cutter head 234 and 236 240 determine with have with The spacing for the corresponding micro-structural that the multi-knife-head cutter 230 of the corresponding micro-structural of cutter head 236 is processed, wherein has in cutter head 236 Mach extra micro-structural.

Figure 10 B are the side view of the multi-knife-head cutter 242 with multiple machined tool tips.Multi-knife-head cutter 242 has band The machined tool tip 246 of micro-structural 248 and another machined tool tip 250 with micro-structural 252.Cutter head 246 and 250 is installed to Pedestal 244 (such as surface 98 of tool tip 90), and using (such as) adhesive, solder brazing, welding or other means enter Row installation.The distance between cutter head 246 and 250 254 determines more with 246 and 250 corresponding micro-structural of cutter head with having The spacing for the corresponding micro-structural that bit tool 242 is processed, be respectively provided with each of which cutter head 246 and 250 it is mach additionally Micro-structural, the micro-structural of the two corresponds respectively to micro-structural 248 and 252.

Only for schematically being illustrated, two cutter heads are only shown in Figure 10 A and 10B；Multi-knife-head cutter can have Any amount of cutter head.There can be identical or different micro-structural after multiple cutter heads are processed, and these micro-structurals can be single It is unique to have one or more of above-mentioned example shape and size.The distance between cutter head (He of spacing 240 in multi-knife-head cutter 254) it may include 1000 microns of spacing, 100 microns of spacing, 1 micron of spacing or even about 200nm optical subwavelength spacing.Or Person, in other embodiments, the spacing in multi-knife-head cutter between cutter head can be more than 1000 microns.With many more than two cutter head Multi-knife-head cutter in, the spacing between adjacent tool tips may be the same or different.It is schematical only for carrying out to provide these sizes Illustrate, micro-structural there can be the scope that the system can be used to process made of the actuator and system described using this specification Interior any size.

Workpiece 54 can be processed with any machined tool tip or multi-knife-head cutter, then machine workpieces can be used to prepare Above-mentioned film.For example, using the systems and methods in a manner of continuous cutting or interrupted cut workpieces processing.Figure 11 A and figure 11B is respectively side view and perspective view, and the figure is conceptually illustrated using the FTS causes having with least one machined tool tip Micro-structural made of the cutting element system of dynamic device.As seen in figs. 11a and 11b, workpiece 260 has the micro-structural of Continuous maching 262 (such as grooves), the micro-structural is interior to have the machined microstructure 263 as caused by the micro-structural in corresponding machined tool tip With 264 (such as ridges).

Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B are respectively side view and perspective view, and the figure is conceptually illustrated using with least one Micro-structural made of the cutting element system of the Interrupted Cut FTS Actuator of machined tool tip.As illustrated in figs. 12 a and 12b, work Part 270 has discontinuous (interrupted cut) machined microstructure 272 (such as not feature with the adjoining of other machined features), There is the machined microstructure 273 and 274 (such as ridge) as caused by the micro-structural in corresponding machined tool tip in the micro-structural. As described above and shown in Fig. 7 A-7C, it can change cutter head using the interrupted cut of one or more machined tool tips progress and enter Enter and leave entering for workpiece and cone angle and go out cone angle.

Then workpiece 260 and 270 can be used in above-mentioned coating technique, to prepare film or other products, these films or its Its product has the micro-structural opposite with the corresponding micro-structural in workpiece 260 and 270.

Machined tool tip with diffractive features

Figure 13-22 is the view of the exemplary machined cutter head with diffractive features, and these cutter heads can be by using (example Such as) adhesive, solder brazing, welding or other means are fixed to the surface 98 of tool tip 90.Figure 23 A, Figure 23 B, Figure 24 A and figure 24B is to show to prepare cutter head to form the schematic diagram of the method for diffractive features wherein.Feature shown in Figure 13-22 on cutter head is simultaneously It is not drawn to scale.On the contrary, cutter head shown in Figure 13-22 is intended to show that the shape of feature and the example of configuration for producing diffraction, this A little features can have any size and spacing, be specifically dependent upon (such as) diffraction corons that are obtained from these features of hope.Except spreading out Penetrate outside feature, cutter head shown in Figure 13-22 can have (such as) with the identical general shape of cutter head 100 and configuration, its have two Individual facet, i.e., preceding surface 106, optionally there is the front portion 105 of taper.

In certain embodiments, diffractive features refer to cause the feature of optical diffraction in film or product or referred in cutting element Feature, when cutting element to be used to prepare film or product, diffractive features can be produced in film or product.As described above, have The film or product of diffractive features are made of the machinery tools with corresponding diffractive features.Diffractive features can be tuned into, with machine Required diffraction corons are obtained in film made of machining tool or product.Especially, the size and dimension of diffractive features is together with diffraction Spacing between feature designed to be used optical diffraction amount or optical diffraction degree needed for concrete application.For example, work as diffractive features Between spacing reduce when, diffractive features cause the diffraction corons of light to increase.Therefore, the larger diffractive features of spacing cause less Diffraction, and the less diffractive features of spacing can then cause more diffraction together.In certain embodiments, for example, diffractive features (such as groove) can be spaced 10 microns, 5 microns, 1 micron or in the distance close to specific wavelength of light.In one embodiment, Diffractive features include multiple features, and these features have cross-sectional shape that is generally triangular, and have between them 650nm spacing.For example, one embodiment includes 28 such features, about 650nm is spaced between each feature.

In other embodiments, diffractive features refer to spy of the size in the scope described in optical application or near the scope Sign, and feature during film or product for non-optical application, for example, the effect of hydrophobicity, microfluidic capillary, friction control film, The part of micro- fastener or the micro-structural of other machinery.

In certain embodiments, there will be specific mark with according to film made of the instrument processed described in this specification, Show that they are made up of these instruments.Especially, in certain embodiments, multi-knife-head cutter (such as instrument 230 and 242) is used for Cutting element (workpiece 54) surrounding continuous cutting one or more passage.Because cutter head is cut tool base (such as He of pedestal 232 244) it is maintained at constant spacing, therefore the distance between diffractive features or groove are (such as made of the cutter head on cutting element Distance 240 and 254) also be substantially it is constant.In the presence of linear motor, cutting element is in z-direction with constant Speed moved along workpiece surface.However, due to the noise in servo-drive system, linear motor occasional makes cutting element with slightly It is slightly backward higher than the speed of datum speed or move forward, therefore the translational speed of cutting element and non-critical keep constant. These changes in speed can cause the spacing between groove accidentally change to be present.In an application-specific, common change It is about positive and negative 0.2 micron.For many applications, cutter head is directed at repeatedly, it is kept constant with the adjacent feature cut before Distance be probably difficult and be unwanted.Therefore, the film made of the cutting element cut in such a way will have There is one group of diffractive features or groove repeated, these diffractive features or groove have relative with the cutter head spacing on multi-knife-head cutter The distance (such as distance 240 and 254) for the substantial constant answered, and the film between diffractive features or the group of groove exist with The variable range that machine repeats, the variable range is caused by the minor variations of the speed as cutting element in z-direction.

Figure 13-22, Figure 23 A, Figure 23 B, the cutting element shown in Figure 24 A and Figure 24 B can use (such as) Buddha's warrior attendant stone Realize.Diffractive features on cutter head are preferably made up of ion milling.Other technologies of diffractive features are prepared on cutter head Including micro EDM, grinding, grinding, etching or the other methods being imparted to cut or feature in cutter head.Or can Diamond is ground in a conventional manner, is then accurately bonded together again, to prepare the big tool assembly with diffractive features.Make For the alternative form of impression diffractive features, diffractive features that machined tool tip can be with protrusion or with impression diffractive features and convex Go out the assemblage characteristic of diffractive features.

Any exemplary tool tip shown in Figure 13-22, Figure 23 B and Figure 24 B can be used to be processed for workpiece 54, after processing Workpiece can be used to prepare above-mentioned film.Using (such as) the systems and methods process work in a manner of continuous cutting or interrupted cut Part, diffractive features are worked into workpiece.Then, can be prepared with machine workpieces or cutting element above-mentioned with corresponding diffraction The film of feature.These films can be made into unique diffraction and refractive optics power.These unique diffraction in film is strengthened Exemplary purpose with refractive optics form is to provide more selections to remove light from central optic zone, than only on cutter head Set a radius that there is greater flexibility.

Master mold can obtain by traverse feed or screw chasing using above-mentioned ion milling diamond.Traverse feed and screw thread Cutting is described in United States Patent (USP) No.7,140,812 and 6,707,611, and these patents are incorporated herein by reference. Using made of the master mold that these cutter heads are processed in film, not necessarily the existing characteristics on each groove of film.For example, It will be interlocked using multiple thread or traverse feed cutting with the groove of conventional PCD and ion milling Diamond Cutting.Ion Milling diffractive features can be existed only on one in two facets at usual symmetric prisms angle (such as 90 °).This kind of cutter head Allow more fine tuned optical Luminance Distribution.The convenient generation in optical film (such as BEF) of ion milling diffractive features is more flat Sliding cut-off characteristics or Luminance Distribution.Ion milling feature is also convenient for shortening the optical film cutting time using during multiple cutter heads.

Figure 13 is the side view of the cutter head 300 on two facets with diffractive features 302 and 304.In this example In, shown diffractive features 302 and 304 are v-depression or otch.Grating space 303 between diffractive features can be constant or become Change, to produce important or of interest heterogeneity.For example, compared with constant grating space, by changing between grating Away from the diverging distribution that can make to correspond in optical film is smoother.The spacing can also contribute to wavelength correlation and improve color effect.From The shape of sub- milling grating is not necessarily V-arrangement, but should generally avoid negative draft angle.The width and depth of grating groove or otch Typically smaller than one micron, but also greater than one micron.Otch or groove can be prepared using many shapes.Should for visible ray With the distance between grating groove 303 can also use other scopes generally in 0.5 micron to 10 microns spacing range To reach design object.

Diamond cutting tool is prepared using this design：Wherein diffractive features 302 and 304 are separated by 5 microns (distances 303), And each diffractive features has 1 microns wide on whole groove.In this case, shown diffractive grooves make light Away from refracting sphere controlled scattering occurs for line, and transmission amount is maximum at about 31 ° in membrane sample.The luminosity carried out using goniometer is surveyed Amount result shows that the diffractive features of the film smoothly broaden Luminance Distribution.By increasing grating space and reducing groove or spy The quantity of sign, Luminance Distribution can be tuned.Or by reducing grating space and increasing the quantity of groove or feature, also can be micro- Adjust Luminance Distribution.

The example of ion milling diamond form shows to tune other realities of Luminance Distribution (below in conjunction with described in Figure 14-22) Apply example.

Figure 14 is the side view of cutter head 306, and the cutter head has diffractive features 308 on a facet, small at another Salt free ligands feature in plane 310.Diffractive features 308 can include v-depression or otch and between constant or change grating Away from.

Figure 15 is the side view of cutter head 312, and the cutter head has the diffractive features 314 using ladder height change 313, each spy Ladder height change between sign can be constant or change.

Figure 16 is the side view of cutter head 316, and the cutter head has special along the diffraction of 90 ° of (318) facet sides 317 and 319 Sign 320 and 322.According to design conditions or needs, diffractive features 320 and 322 can be close to top or close to recess (away from top End).In addition, diffractive features 320 and 322 can arbitrarily be distributed along 90 ° of facet walls.

Figure 17 is the side view of the cutter head 323 with the diffractive features 324 along flat top end 325.In an example, The diffractive features of this kind of construction use the v-depression with 10 microns of width (325) and 11 1 micron of intervals on cutter head (324) diamond is made.

Figure 18 is the side view of the cutter head 326 with the diffractive features 328 along curved apex 327.

Figure 19 is the side view of cutter head 330, the cutter head have along (such as) 90 ° of facets are formed with stepped-style Diffractive features 332, ladder have height 333.

Figure 20 is the side view of cutter head 334, and the cutter head has the lens shape arranged along substantially flat part on cutter head Diffractive features 336.

Figure 21 is the side view of cutter head 338, and the cutter head has the diffractive features along bending facet 340, is bent small flat Face 340 is formed by the adjacent concave part along facet and convex portions.

Figure 22 is the side view of cutter head 342, and the cutter head has the diffractive features along multiple linear facets 344, linearly Facet 344 is formed by the angled adjoining flat portions along facet.

Figure 23 A and Figure 23 B show the method that diffractive features are formed by ion milling cutter head.Figure 23 A be cutter head 350 from Side view before sub- milling.Cutter head 350 can use (such as) Buddha's warrior attendant stone realizes, and with facet 352 and 354 and flat Top 356.Figure 23 B are the side view that cutter head 350 is formed after diffractive features by ion milling in same level on top. Especially, carry out ion milling in the central spot of flat top end 356 and produce recess 358, so as to form two Hes of diffractive features 360 362, their summit is located in substantially the same plane 364.

Figure 24 A and Figure 24 B show to form another method of diffractive features by ion milling cutter head.Figure 24 A are cutter head 370 side view before ion milling.Cutter head 370 can use (such as) Buddha's warrior attendant stone realizes and there is facet 372 and 374 And flat top end 376.The cutter head that Figure 24 B are Figure 24 A forms diffraction by ion milling in Different Plane on top special Side view after sign.Especially, ion milling is carried out at the eccentric point of flat top end 376 and produces recess 378, so as to form summit The first diffractive features 380 in plane 386, and summit are disposed other than the second diffraction in the plane 384 of plane 386 Feature 382.The preparation process of diffractive features may be repeated shown in Figure 23 B and Figure 24 B, to prepare several diffraction on cutter head Feature, the diffractive features shown in Figure 23 B and Figure 24 B are not drawn to show；It is used on the contrary, shown feature is intended to explanation in cutter head On prepare the methods of diffractive features.

Microreplicated product (such as film) is prepared using the cutter head with above-mentioned diffractive features, it is possible to provide many favourable or preferable Feature.For example, they can be used for light regime application, carry out light directing, softening cutoff angle, light is extracted for light guide or Decorative effects are produced in existing feature, such as rainbow effect is produced on interrupted cut lenslets.In addition, in larger micro-structural Diffractive features can provide the extra free degree for the deflection of light.

Above-mentioned cutter head can be used to prepare macro-scale (1 micron and dimensions above) and nanoscale (less than 1 micron chi It is very little) feature, and these features can be used one or more cutter heads with continuously or intermittently cutting way prepare.In addition, it can make Cut with these cutter heads along the X-direction in instrument, Y-direction, Z-direction or the combination in these directions.It is for example, available with more The cutter head cutting feature of individual actuator.Using the system that multiple actuators are cut instrument in U.S. Patent application No.11/ 274723rd, be described in No.11/273875, No.11/273981 and No.11/273884, all these patent applications in On November 15th, 2005 submits, and incorporated herein by reference.Or can be in the case of without using actuator Diffractive features are cut in instrument, this be directed to use with (such as) low frequency servo system carries out depth by cutter head in tool surfaces It is held essentially constant or variable continuous cutting.

Non- FTS processing is carried out with diffraction cutter head

As a kind of alternative form processed with FTS actuators, non-FTS knife rests workpieces processing can be used, wherein cutter head with The depth of substantial constant enters workpiece and to be moved along workpiece, so as to process the substantially helically feature of pattern.In the reality To apply in example, cutter head has one or more diffractive features, and during workpieces processing, it is at least one in these features Contacted with workpiece.As described above, this processing can form the macro-scale feature with diffractive features.It is then possible to plus The workpiece that work goes out prepares the film with character pair, such as optical film.

Figure 25 A-25C are the view of exemplary non-FTS knife rests 400.Figure 25 A and Figure 25 B are the perspective view of knife rest 400.Figure 25C is the top view of knife rest 400.As shown in figures 25 a-25 c, knife rest 400 include pedestal 402, be attached to it is vertical on pedestal 402 Part 404 and the top 410 for being attached to the one end relative with pedestal 402 of vertical component 404.Top 410 includes the He of aperture 416 418, for top to be fixed into vertical component 404 by bolt or other fasteners.Block 412 is located on top 410 and had There is aperture 420 and 422, for block to be fixed into top 410 by bolt or other fasteners.Handle of a knife 414 is used for fixing cutter Head is secured firmly to top 410 for workpieces processing 54, handle of a knife 414 by the frictional force between block 412 and top 410 On.By removing and retightening block 412, the position for the X-direction that handle of a knife 414 enters in workpiece 54, such as arrow can be adjusted (referring to Figure 25 C) shown in 424.Pedestal 402 has aperture (such as aperture 406 and 408), for passing through bolt or other fasteners Knife rest 400 is attached to track 32.Or can be attached between track 32 and the pedestal 402 of knife rest 400 it is one or more its Its pillar or structure.During processing, knife rest 400 is constructed and arranged to so that when cutter head enters in workpiece 54, workpiece 54 Pedestal 402 will not be contacted.When being attached to track 32, the cutter head on handle of a knife 414 can be pressed into workpiece 54 by knife rest 400, and And while rotational workpieces 54 under driver and encoder 56 control, knife rest 400 can be made in Z side under the control of computer 12 Moved upwards along track 32, so that cutter head moves along workpiece 54.The part of knife rest 400 can use (such as) stainless steel Or other materials are realized.

Figure 26 A-26D are the view of exemplary handle of a knife 414.Figure 26 A are the perspective view of handle of a knife 414.Figure 26 B are handle of a knife 414 Front view.Figure 26 C are the upward view of handle of a knife 414.Figure 26 D are the side view of handle of a knife 414.As shown in Figure 26 A-26D, handle of a knife 414 include side 430, the taper on front portion 434 and angled preceding surface 432, lower surface 438 and for installing knife Head and the protrusion surface 436 with inclination or tapered side.Cutter head can be by using adhesive, solder brazing, welding or other means It is installed to the surface 436 of handle of a knife 414.Cutter head fixed to handle of a knife 414 is preferably included with diffractive features (such as Figure 13-22 Shown cutter head) and using the cutter head of above-mentioned example tool tip material, for the processing diffractive features in workpiece 54.Handle of a knife 414 can use (such as) one or more in llowing group of materials：Sintered-carbide, silicon nitride, carborundum, steel, titanium, diamond Or synthetic diamond material.

Although having combined the exemplary embodiment description present invention, it is to be understood that, to those skilled in the art, permitted More modifications will be apparent from, and present patent application is intended to its any modification or change.For example, this hair is not being departed from In the case of bright scope, knife rest, handle of a knife and cutter head can use the configuration in various types of materials and these parts.The present invention Its claims and its equivalent should be limited solely by.

Claims

1. a kind of equipment for processing cylindrical work, including：

The workpiece of substantial cylindrical, it is installed to serve rotary motion and has work surface；

Driver, it is connected to the workpiece for rotating the workpiece；

Knife rest, it is mounted moves for being arranged essentially parallel to the work surface of the workpiece in orbit；

Handle of a knife, it is fixed on the knife rest and with the surface for being used to install cutter head；

Cutter head, it has multiple diffractive features and is installed on the surface of the handle of a knife；With

Controller, it is connected to the driver and the knife rest for controlling shifting of the cutter head relative to the workpiece Move and be used for the movement for controlling the knife rest parallel to the work surface of the workpiece, wherein the knife during processing The diffractive features on head contact the work surface of the workpiece,

Wherein, the spacing between the size and dimension of the multiple diffractive features and the multiple diffractive features is designed to use In as the optical diffraction amount or optical diffraction degree needed for the optical film prepared by the workpiece processed.

2. equipment according to claim 1, wherein the cutter head has two facets, it is each in the facet It is individual that above there are at least one diffractive features, and

The diffractive features on wherein each facet include groove.

3. equipment according to claim 2, wherein each facet includes multiple diffractive features, it is every on each facet The distance between two adjacent diffractive features are in the range of 0.5 micron to 5 microns.

4. equipment according to claim 1, wherein the cutter head has two facets and substantially flat part, the base This flat adjoins the facet, has multiple diffractive features on the substantially flat part, and

The multiple diffractive features on wherein described substantially flat part include groove.

5. equipment according to claim 4, wherein between each two neighboring diffraction feature on the substantially flat part Distance in the range of 0.5 micron to 5 microns.

6. equipment according to any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein the knife rest is configured to make the cutter head with basic Upper constant speed is arranged essentially parallel to the work surface movement of the workpiece.

7. equipment according to any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein the workpiece is made up of one kind in llowing group of materials： Aluminium；Nickel；Copper；Brass；Steel；Plastics.

8. a kind of equipment for processing cylindrical work, including：

Driver, it is connected to the workpiece for rotating the workpiece；

Actuator, it is connected to the knife rest；

Tool tip, it is attached to the actuator；

Cutter head, it has multiple diffractive features and is attached to the tool tip；With

Controller, it is connected to the driver and the knife rest for controlling the cutter head relative by the actuator In the workpiece movement and for controlling movement of the knife rest parallel to the work surface of the workpiece, wherein The diffractive features during processing on the cutter head contact the work surface of the workpiece,

9. equipment according to claim 8, wherein the cutter head has two facets, it is each in the facet It is individual that above there are at least one diffractive features, and

The diffractive features on wherein each facet include groove.

10. equipment according to claim 8, wherein the cutter head has two facets and substantially flat part, it is described The facet is adjoined in substantially flat part, has multiple diffractive features on the substantially flat part, and

11. the equipment according to any one of claim 8 to 10, wherein the diffraction during processing on the cutter head Feature discontinuously contacts the work surface of the workpiece, to form non-conterminous micro-structural.

12. equipment according to claim 11, wherein the actuator is interrupted cut fast tool servo actuator.

13. the equipment according to any one of claim 8 to 10, wherein the knife rest is configured to make the cutter head with base Constant speed is arranged essentially parallel to the work surface movement of the workpiece in sheet.

14. the equipment according to any one of claim 8 to 10, wherein the workpiece is made by one kind in llowing group of materials Into：Aluminium；Nickel；Copper；Brass；Steel；Plastics.