CN107821752A - It is a kind of using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as ewe feed of major ingredient and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
It is a kind of using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as ewe feed of major ingredient and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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Abstract
The invention belongs to ewe field of feed, and in particular to a kind of using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as ewe feed of major ingredient and preparation method thereof.The ewe feed, is made by purple napier grass, clover, kudzu, mulberry bark extract, vitamin premix, mineral substance premix, salt, microbial composite bacteria.The ewe feed using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient of the present invention has reached calorie-protein balance, improve feed palatability, improve ewe daily ingestion amount, improve adding weight, meet the nutritional need of ewe growth, it ensure that the fast-growth of ewe, improve ewe year breeding potential, the nursing period average daily output of milk and lamb survival rate, reduce the diarrhea rate of ewe and lamb, ewe meat is obviously improved simultaneously, protein content is higher in meat, cholesterol level is lower, and commodity is preferable.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to ewe field of feed, and in particular to a kind of using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient
Ewe feed and preparation method thereof.
【Background technology】
Purple napier grass likes the weather of warm and moist, wide adaptability, below height above sea level 1000m, more than annual precipitation 700mm
Tropical and subtropical zone area can plant.In osmanthus, a southern band can be survived the winter, and in osmanthus north, then partial blade is withered, but under ground portion can pacify
Pass the winter entirely.Strong adaptability, growth is fast, and reproducibility is good, and fresh hay yield is high, and resistance to fertile, drought-enduring, acidproof, and lodging resistance is strong, plantation
1 time available 10~15 years, and planting cost is low.But purple napier grass white matter content is relatively low, crude fiber content is higher, single use
Demand of the ewe to white matter nutrition can not be met.
Clover belongs to perennial legume, and white content is high, nutritious, widely used, and in China, plantation is extensive, is doped into fowl
Daily ration in, the color that can deepen, feeding kind fowl can improve reproductive capacity, and feeding meat ewe can increase cutaneous pigmentation, utilize
Space is very big.Simultaneously as the clover market price is higher, clover, which is excessively used, can also increase feeding cost.At present, clover is main
For modulating the straw-made articles such as hay bundle or hay block.But clover soluble sugar content is too low, the sugar content of clover is only 3.72%；
Clover is rich in saponin(e, and saponin(e is a kind of ANFs, and alfalfa saponin can suppress rumen microbial fermentation, suppresses nutriment and exists
Gastral digestion；Animal disposably searches for food substantial amounts of clover, can often cause and bloat, and then it is normal to influence cud
Digestive function.Therefore, in actual breeding production, clover, which is used alone, can not only increase feeding cost, and contained by clover
ANFs saponin(e is also unfavorable for digesting and assimilating for nutriment.
Kudzu also known as flower of kudzuvine rattan, are commonly called as elegant jessamine, Pachyrhizua angulatus, are a kind of perennial plants of the genus, there is 17 kinds in China,
Each province in addition to Tibet and Xinjiang is all distributed.The growth of kudzu requires low to environmental condition, and impoverishment tolerant, cold-resistant, drought resisting, it is spent
Nutriment is rich in root tuber, can be edible and medicinal；The tender stem and blade palatability of kudzu are good, are excellent food sources.According to
The mechanism such as the World Food Programme authoritative expert predicts that kudzu is expected to turn into 21 century the sixth-largest cereal crops (Zhang Yuehang, 2007).
South China summer and autumn albumen herbage lacks, and high quality forage supply time is unbalanced, herbage of the kudzu as high protein content,
Rattan growth is vigorous, can provide green forage throughout the year.But people are less as the research of forage crop to kudzu at present, because
Research and reinforcing attention to kudzu feeding value of this enhancing to kudzu feeding speciality will be helpful to promote China's animal husbandry
Development.
There has been no the report of comprehensive utilization purple napier grass, clover and kudzu raising ewe at present.
【The content of the invention】
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of ewe using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient
Feed, the ewe fodder energy-brotein equilibrium, nutrition are comprehensive, can significantly improve ewe year breeding potential, nursing period daily produces
Milk amount and lamb survival rate, the diarrhea rate of ewe and lamb is reduced, while meat is obviously improved.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of ewe feed using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient, by purple napier grass, clover, kudzu, the root bark of white mulberry
Extract, vitamin premix, mineral substance premix, salt, microbial composite bacteria are made.
Further, it is made by the raw material of following mass parts：800~1000 parts of purple napier grass, 200~300 parts of clover, Pueraria lobota
100~200 parts of rattan, mulberry bark extract 50-100 parts, 2~5 parts of vitamin premix, 0.6~0.8 part of mineral substance premix,
20~50 parts of salt, 3~5 parts of microbial composite bacteria.
Preferably, it is made by the raw material of following mass parts：900 parts of purple napier grass, 250 parts of clover, 150 parts of kudzu, Sang Bai
80 parts of bark extract, 3 parts of vitamin premix, 0.7 part of mineral substance premix, 30 parts of salt, 4 parts of microbial composite bacteria.
In the present invention, the mulberry bark extract is made in accordance with the following methods：The root bark of white mulberry is taken, it is 70% to add volume fraction
Ethanol extraction, filtration, obtain extract solution, after extract solution recovery ethanol, be concentrated into thick paste, dry to water content≤5%, crush
Mulberry bark extract is produced into fine powder.
In the present invention, the microbial composite bacteria is made up of saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida utili and Bacillus acidi lactici.
In the present invention, the vitamin premix includes vitamin A, vitamine D3, Vitamin K3, vitamin E, vitamin
B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, vitamin C, calcium pantothenate, inositol, biotin, folic acid.
In the present invention, the mineral substance premix includes magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, five water sulfuric acid
Copper.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the content of each component is in the vitamin premix：Dehydroretinol 0mg/kg, vitamin
D310mg/kg, vitamin K320mg/kg, vitamin E 400mg/kg, vitamin B110mg/kg, vitamin B215mg/kg, dimension life
Plain B615mg/kg, vitamin B128mg/kg, nicotinic acid 100mg/kg, vitamin C 1000mg/kg, calcium pantothenate 40mg/kg, inositol
200mg/kg, biotin 2mg/kg, folic acid 10mg/kg；
The content of each component is in the mineral substance premix：MgSO4·5H2O2000mg/kg, FeSO4·H2O300mg/
Kg, ZnSO4·H2O220mg/kg, MnSO4·H2O25mg/kg, CuSO4·5H2O10mg/kg；
A kind of method for preparing ewe feed of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) purple napier grass, clover, kudzu are weighed in proportion, are crushed, it is well mixed to obtain mixture；
(2) microbial composite bacteria is inoculated into the mixture of step (1), be sealed by fermentation, the time is 10 days, must be fermented
Thing；
(3) fermentate of step (2) is mixed with vitamin premix, mineral substance premix, mulberry bark extract, salt
Close, ewe feed is made after 20~40 DEG C of dryings.
Ewe feed of the present invention using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient has reached following effect in：
1. purple napier grass and clover share, reach energy-brotein equilibrium, improved feed palatability, improve ewe day
Feed intake, improve adding weight；Vitamin and mineral in feed meets the nutritional need of ewe growth, ensure that ewe
Fast-growth.
2. the kudzu in feed promotes absorption of the ewe to purple napier grass and clover, and improves the year breeding of ewe
Rate, the nursing period average daily output of milk and lamb survival rate, reduce the diarrhea rate of ewe and lamb.
3. the mulberry bark extract in feed is engaged with purple napier grass, clover and kudzu so that ewe meat obtains
It is obviously improved, protein content is higher in meat, and cholesterol level is lower, and commodity is preferable.
【Embodiment】
Embodiment 1
A kind of ewe feed using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient, it is made by the raw material of following mass parts：Purple
900 parts of napier grass, 250 parts of clover, 150 parts of kudzu, 80 parts of mulberry bark extract, 3 parts of vitamin premix, mineral substance premix
0.7 part, 30 parts of salt, 4 parts of microbial composite bacteria.
Wherein mulberry bark extract is made in accordance with the following methods：The root bark of white mulberry is taken, the ethanol that volume fraction is 70% is added and carries
Take, filter, obtain extract solution, after extract solution reclaims ethanol, be concentrated into thick paste, dry to water content≤5%, be ground into fine powder i.e.
Obtain mulberry bark extract.
Wherein microbial composite bacteria is by the parts by weight of saccharomyces cerevisiae 10, the parts by weight of candida utili 8 and the weight of Bacillus acidi lactici 7
Part mixing composition.
Wherein vitamin premix includes vitamin A, vitamine D3, Vitamin K3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin
B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, vitamin C, calcium pantothenate, inositol, biotin, folic acid.
Wherein mineral substance premix includes magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate.
A kind of method for preparing ewe feed of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) purple napier grass, clover, kudzu are weighed in proportion, are crushed, it is well mixed to obtain mixture；
(2) microbial composite bacteria is inoculated into the mixture of step (1), be sealed by fermentation, the time is 10 days, must be fermented
Thing；
(3) fermentate of step (2) is mixed with vitamin premix, mineral substance premix, mulberry bark extract, salt
Close, ewe feed is made after 20~40 DEG C of dryings.
Embodiment 2
A kind of ewe feed using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient, it is made by the raw material of following mass parts：Purple
800 parts of napier grass, 300 parts of clover, 100 parts of kudzu, 100 parts of mulberry bark extract, 2 parts of vitamin premix, mineral substance premix
0.8 part, 20 parts of salt, 5 parts of microbial composite bacteria.
Wherein mulberry bark extract is made in accordance with the following methods：The root bark of white mulberry is taken, the ethanol that volume fraction is 70% is added and carries
Take, filter, obtain extract solution, after extract solution reclaims ethanol, be concentrated into thick paste, dry to water content≤5%, be ground into fine powder i.e.
Obtain mulberry bark extract.
Wherein microbial composite bacteria is by the parts by weight of saccharomyces cerevisiae 10, the parts by weight of candida utili 8 and the weight of Bacillus acidi lactici 7
Part mixing composition.
Wherein vitamin premix includes vitamin A, vitamine D3, Vitamin K3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin
B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, vitamin C, calcium pantothenate, inositol, biotin, folic acid.
Wherein mineral substance premix includes magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate.
The preparation method of the present embodiment is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of ewe feed using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient, it is made by the raw material of following mass parts：Purple
1000 parts of napier grass, 200 parts of clover, 200 parts of kudzu, 50 parts of mulberry bark extract, 5 parts of vitamin premix, mineral substance premix
0.6 part, 50 parts of salt, 3 parts of microbial composite bacteria.
Wherein mulberry bark extract is made in accordance with the following methods：The root bark of white mulberry is taken, the ethanol that volume fraction is 70% is added and carries
Take, filter, obtain extract solution, after extract solution reclaims ethanol, be concentrated into thick paste, dry to water content≤5%, be ground into fine powder i.e.
Obtain mulberry bark extract.
Wherein microbial composite bacteria is by the parts by weight of saccharomyces cerevisiae 10, the parts by weight of candida utili 8 and the weight of Bacillus acidi lactici 7
Part mixing composition.
Wherein vitamin premix includes vitamin A, vitamine D3, Vitamin K3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin
B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, vitamin C, calcium pantothenate, inositol, biotin, folic acid.
Wherein mineral substance premix includes magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate.
The preparation method of the present embodiment is the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
The ewe feed of comparative example 1, is made by the raw material of following mass parts：900 parts of purple napier grass, 250 parts of clover, Sang Bai
80 parts of bark extract, 3 parts of vitamin premix, 0.7 part of mineral substance premix, 30 parts of salt, 4 parts of microbial composite bacteria.
Wherein mulberry bark extract is made in accordance with the following methods：The root bark of white mulberry is taken, the ethanol that volume fraction is 70% is added and carries
Take, filter, obtain extract solution, after extract solution reclaims ethanol, be concentrated into thick paste, dry to water content≤5%, be ground into fine powder i.e.
Obtain mulberry bark extract.
Wherein, the composition in microbial composite bacteria, vitamin premix and mineral substance premix and content be with embodiment 1,
The preparation method of this comparative example is the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
The ewe feed of comparative example 2, is made by the raw material of following mass parts：900 parts of purple napier grass, 250 parts of clover, kudzu
150 parts, 3 parts of vitamin premix, 0.7 part of mineral substance premix, 30 parts of salt, 4 parts of microbial composite bacteria.
Wherein, the composition in microbial composite bacteria, vitamin premix and mineral substance premix and content be with embodiment 1,
The preparation method of this comparative example is the same as embodiment 1.
The use check experiment of the ewe feed of the present invention of experimental example 1
- 2017 years on the 30th Septembers of September in 2016 30 days, applicant research and development group are chosen in plant of Guangxi institute of animal husbandry
80 boer goat ewes, the check experiment of 1 year by a definite date is carried out, ewe is divided into 4 groups, breeding or is manually awarded at this friendship
Essence, contrast feeding test is then carried out, be randomly divided into the product testing group of embodiment 1, the product testing group of embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and produce
Product test group and the control group of comparative example 1, carry out contrast test, observation statistics ewe year breeding potential, the nursing period average daily output of milk,
Diarrhea rate, lamb survival rate and lamb diarrhoea rate, it is as a result as shown in the table.
| Group | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 |
| Ewe head number | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Year breeding potential (%) | 146.8 | 138.7 | 156.5 | 115.2 |
| The nursing period average daily output of milk (Kg) | 3.57 | 3.62 | 3.48 | 2.51 |
| Diarrhea rate (%) | 2.21 | 2.15 | 2.08 | 3.56 |
| Lamb survival rate (%) | 100% | 98.76% | 97.86% | 92.48% |
| Lamb diarrhoea rate (%) | 4.53 | 4.68 | 4.87 | 8.79 |
Interpretation of result：Compared with comparative example 1, ewe can be significantly improved using embodiment 1-3 feed feeding ewe
Year breeding potential, the nursing period average daily output of milk and lamb survival rate, reduce the diarrhea rate of ewe and lamb.
Illustrate that the present invention prepares ewe feed using kudzu in purple napier grass and clover, improve the year breeding of ewe
Rate, the nursing period average daily output of milk and lamb survival rate, reduce the diarrhea rate of ewe and lamb.
The ewe feed of the present invention of experimental example 2 uses rear meat check experiment
5 monthly age boer goat ewes 120 being in a good state of health are selected, carry out administering transgenic, are randomly divided into 4 groups, are raised
Feed feed in embodiment 1 for experimental group 1, feed feed in embodiment 2 for experimental group 2, feed feed in embodiment 3 is
Experimental group 3, the fermented feed of feeding comparative example 2 is control group, and daily scale of feeding is 0.8-1kg/, is raised at twice daily
Hello, other management methods are identical, and feeding time is 2 months, its growing state is recorded respectively, specific data such as following table institute
Show：
| Project | Moisture (%) | Dry (%) | Protein content (%) | Cholesterol (mg/100g) |
| Embodiment 1 | 75.62 | 23.98 | 3.52 | 52.68 |
| Embodiment 2 | 74.56 | 24.68 | 3.48 | 53.15 |
| Embodiment 3 | 76.52 | 23.54 | 3.39 | 53.49 |
| Comparative example 2 | 78.59 | 21.75 | 3.02 | 58.48 |
As seen from the above table, the ewe meat that the feed feeding of mulberry bark extract is with the addition of using the present invention has been obtained substantially
Improve, protein content is higher in meat, and cholesterol level is lower, and commodity is preferable.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed or modification change under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of ewe feed using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient, it is characterised in that by purple napier grass, clover, Pueraria lobota
Rattan, mulberry bark extract, vitamin premix, mineral substance premix, salt, microbial composite bacteria are made.
2. the ewe feed using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that by with
The raw material of lower mass parts is made：800~1000 parts of purple napier grass, 200~300 parts of clover, 100~200 parts of kudzu, the root bark of white mulberry carry
Take thing 50-100 parts, 2~5 parts of vitamin premix, 0.6~0.8 part of mineral substance premix, 20~50 parts of salt, microorganism multiple
Close 3~5 parts of bacterium.
3. the ewe feed using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that by with
The raw material of lower mass parts is made：900 parts of purple napier grass, 250 parts of clover, 150 parts of kudzu, 80 parts of mulberry bark extract, vitamin
3 parts of premix, 0.7 part of mineral substance premix, 30 parts of salt, 4 parts of microbial composite bacteria.
4. the ewe feed using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, its feature
It is, the mulberry bark extract is made in accordance with the following methods：The root bark of white mulberry is taken, the ethanol that volume fraction is 70% is added and extracts,
Filtration, obtains extract solution, after extract solution recovery ethanol, is concentrated into thick paste, dries to water content≤5%, is ground into fine powder and produces
Mulberry bark extract.
5. the ewe feed using purple napier grass, clover and kudzu as major ingredient as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, its feature
It is, the microbial composite bacteria is made up of saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida utili and Bacillus acidi lactici.
A kind of 6. method for preparing any one of Claims 1 to 5 ewe feed, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) purple napier grass, clover, kudzu are weighed in proportion, are crushed, it is well mixed to obtain mixture；
(2) microbial composite bacteria is inoculated into the mixture of step (1), be sealed by fermentation, the time is 10 days, obtains fermentate；
(3) fermentate of step (2) is mixed with vitamin premix, mineral substance premix, mulberry bark extract, salt, 20
Ewe feed is made after~40 DEG C of dryings.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN112544814A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-26 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Chicken feed based on plant metal ion chelating liquid and application thereof |
| CN112602836A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-06 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Feed for improving pig blood indexes and application thereof |
| CN112753867A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Feed for improving functions of cattle liver and application thereof |
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| CN112544814A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-26 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Chicken feed based on plant metal ion chelating liquid and application thereof |
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| CN112602836B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-07-12 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Feed for improving pig blood indexes and application thereof |
| CN112753867A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Feed for improving functions of cattle liver and application thereof |
| CN112753867B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2023-02-28 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Feed for improving functions of cattle liver and application thereof |
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