CN107821335A - 一种蜜蜂的高产养殖方法 - Google Patents
一种蜜蜂的高产养殖方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107821335A CN107821335A CN201711022676.0A CN201711022676A CN107821335A CN 107821335 A CN107821335 A CN 107821335A CN 201711022676 A CN201711022676 A CN 201711022676A CN 107821335 A CN107821335 A CN 107821335A
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- honeybee
- beehive
- honey
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，涉及昆虫养殖技术领域。所述蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，经过选取养殖地、杀除蜂螨、科学合理饲喂饲料，促使蜜蜂健康发育，降低发病率，提高蜂蜜的产量和食用安全性；本发明针对蜜蜂生长特点配制蜜蜂饲料，使用消毒剂定期消毒，为蜜蜂提供良好的生长环境，增强蜜蜂的免疫能力和抗病能力，降低患病率，提高成活率，促进蜜蜂快速健康生长。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于昆虫养殖技术领域，尤其涉及一种蜜蜂的高产养殖方法。
背景技术
蜜蜂是对人类贡献最大的一种昆虫，一方面，可为农作物、果树、蔬菜等植物授粉，增加作物产量，蜜蜂作为授粉媒介益虫的利用比例日益增加，在美国通过蜜蜂的授粉媒介的经济价值一年高达50-100亿美金；另一方面，还可生产出蜂蜜、蜂花粉、蜂王浆、蜂毒、蜂蜡和蜂胶等高附加值的蜂产品，蜂蜜是人们常用的滋补品，味甘性平，内服可清热解毒润燥止咳，外用具有解毒、抗菌、消炎、滋润、防腐、保护创面、促进细胞再生和渗液吸收等诸多功能，蜂花粉富含蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素、微量元素、活性酶、黄酮类化合物、脂类、核酸、芸苔素、植酸等物质，营养全面，被人们誉为“微型营养库”，具有良好的益免疫、益贫血、益抗老等功效，蜂王浆更是高级营养品，可增强体质，治疗神经衰弱、贫血、胃溃疡等慢性病，蜂毒具有抗辐射作用，能增强机体的应激能力，对治疗高血压动脉粥样硬化症、静脉血栓形成、血栓闭塞性脉管炎和动脉内膜炎等均有良好的效果，蜂蜡和蜂胶则都是轻工业的原料。
现在蜜蜂养殖技术不再神秘，越来越多的人看到了养殖蜜蜂的商业前景，加入到养蜂人的行列。但是，在饲养过程中不能科学合理的控制生长，饲喂催促蜜蜂酿蜜的饲料，一方面导致蜂蜜质量低，缺乏应有的营养价值，另一方面使蜜蜂的负荷加大，免疫力下降，寿命变短，甚至引起疾病，严重的甚至呈范围性扩散，导致难以挽回的更大的经济损失。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种蜜蜂的高产养殖方法。
本发明是通过如下的技术方案来解决上述技术问题的：一种蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，包括以下几个步骤：
（1）养蜂基地选择：选择自然生态良好、没有污染、植物蜜源丰富的地区作为养蜂场地；选择活框蜂箱，所述活框蜂箱由箱体、巢框、巢门档、副盖、箱盖和隔板组成，将该活框蜂箱分挂在该地区的大树顶端；对蜂箱上方采用深色的防水布进行遮挡；
（2）蜜蜂培育：采用中华蜜锋为蜂苗，通过人工培育，喂养成蜂王，每天对蜜蜂喂养蜜蜂饲料一次，喂养量为每箱蜜蜂喂养30～50g；
（3）日常管理：在蜜蜂养殖前，用稀释后的杀螨剂喷洒蜂箱内外，间隔3～5个月后，再用稀释后的杀螨剂喷洒蜂箱内外；每隔3～8天用消毒剂对蜂箱、巢脾进行喷洒消毒；定期检查蜂群，清除箱底死蜂、蜡渣、霉变污物，保持箱底清洁；
（4）适时取蜜：掂量蜂箱的重量，判断蜂箱内部的蜂蜜的量；将蜂箱从树上取下，取走适量的蜂蜜。
进一步的，所述步骤（1）中的蜜源为山茶花、桐花、米椎花、燕树花、桂花、乌桕花、鸭脚木花、九里光花、玉米花、油菜花、稻花。
进一步的，所述步骤（2）中的蜜蜂饲料包含以下重量份的组分：豆饼粉25～35份、花粉8～15份、蛋白粉3～7份、蜂蜜3～8份、酵母抽提物6～10份、蚕蛹粉4～8份、山楂2～5份、白糖5～8份、雪梨汁1～3份、哈密瓜汁1～3份、柚子汁1～3份、荔枝汁1～3份、贯众2～5份、鱼腥草2～6份、使君子1～2份、板蓝根3～8份、败酱草1～3份、穿心莲2～4份、甘草5～10份、女贞子 2～4份、桑叶1～3份、食用盐0.1～0.3份。
进一步的，所述步骤（3）中的杀螨剂兑水1500～1800倍进行稀释，所述杀螨剂的组分为1.5～2.2wt％的噻螨酮、5～7wt％的苯丁锡、1.8～2.5wt％的溴螨脂、1～2wt％的螺螨酯，其余为水。
进一步的，所述步骤（3）中的消毒剂包含以下重量份的组分：丝兰提取物10～18份、大蒜素10～18份、米醋8～12份、使君子5～10份、连翘2～8份、鱼腥草2～8份、佩兰1～3份、野菊花2～6份、龙胆草3～8份、蜂蜜 6～12份。
与现有技术相比，本发明所提供的蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，经过选取养殖地、杀除蜂螨、科学合理饲喂饲料，促使蜜蜂健康发育，降低发病率，提高蜂蜜的产量和食用安全性；本发明针对蜜蜂生长特点配制蜜蜂饲料，使用消毒剂定期消毒，为蜜蜂提供良好的生长环境，增强蜜蜂的免疫能力和抗病能力，降低患病率，提高成活率，促进蜜蜂快速健康生长。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明所提供的一种蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，包括以下几个步骤：
（1）养蜂基地选择：选择自然生态良好、没有污染、植物蜜源丰富的地区作为养蜂场地；选择活框蜂箱，活框蜂箱由箱体、巢框、巢门档、副盖、箱盖和隔板组成，将该活框蜂箱分挂在该地区的大树顶端；对蜂箱上方采用深色的防水布进行遮挡；
（2）蜜蜂培育：采用中华蜜锋为蜂苗，通过人工培育，喂养成蜂王，每天对蜜蜂喂养蜜蜂饲料一次，喂养量为每箱蜜蜂喂养30～50g；
（3）日常管理：在蜜蜂养殖前，用稀释后的杀螨剂喷洒蜂箱内外，间隔3～5个月后，再用稀释后的杀螨剂喷洒蜂箱内外；每隔3～8天用消毒剂对蜂箱、巢脾进行喷洒消毒；定期检查蜂群，清除箱底死蜂、蜡渣、霉变污物，保持箱底清洁；
（4）适时取蜜：掂量蜂箱的重量，判断蜂箱内部的蜂蜜的量；将蜂箱从树上取下，取走适量的蜂蜜。
步骤（1）中的蜜源为山茶花、桐花、米椎花、燕树花、桂花、乌桕花、鸭脚木花、九里光花、玉米花、油菜花、稻花。
步骤（2）中的蜜蜂饲料包含以下重量份的组分：豆饼粉25～35份、花粉8～15份、蛋白粉3～7份、蜂蜜3～8份、酵母抽提物6～10份、蚕蛹粉4～8份、山楂2～5份、白糖5～8份、雪梨汁1～3份、哈密瓜汁1～3份、柚子汁1～3份、荔枝汁1～3份、贯众2～5份、鱼腥草2～6份、使君子1～2份、板蓝根3～8份、败酱草1～3份、穿心莲2～4份、甘草5～10份、女贞子 2～4份、桑叶1～3份、食用盐0.1～0.3份。
步骤（3）中的杀螨剂兑水1500～1800倍进行稀释，杀螨剂的组分为1.5～2.2wt％的噻螨酮、5～7wt％的苯丁锡、1.8～2.5wt％的溴螨脂、1～2wt％的螺螨酯，其余为水。
步骤（3）中的消毒剂包含以下重量份的组分：丝兰提取物10～18份、大蒜素10～18份、米醋8～12份、使君子5～10份、连翘2～8份、鱼腥草2～8份、佩兰1～3份、野菊花2～6份、龙胆草3～8份、蜂蜜 6～12份。
实施例1
一种蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，包括以下几个步骤：
（1）养蜂基地选择：选择自然生态良好、没有污染、植物蜜源丰富的地区作为养蜂场地；选择活框蜂箱，活框蜂箱由箱体、巢框、巢门档、副盖、箱盖和隔板组成，将该活框蜂箱分挂在该地区的大树顶端；对蜂箱上方采用深色的防水布进行遮挡；
（2）蜜蜂培育：采用中华蜜锋为蜂苗，通过人工培育，喂养成蜂王，每天对蜜蜂喂养蜜蜂饲料一次，喂养量为每箱蜜蜂喂养30～50g；
（3）日常管理：在蜜蜂养殖前，用稀释后的杀螨剂喷洒蜂箱内外，间隔3个月后，再用稀释后的杀螨剂喷洒蜂箱内外；每隔8天用消毒剂对蜂箱、巢脾进行喷洒消毒；定期检查蜂群，清除箱底死蜂、蜡渣、霉变污物，保持箱底清洁；
（4）适时取蜜：掂量蜂箱的重量，判断蜂箱内部的蜂蜜的量；将蜂箱从树上取下，取走适量的蜂蜜。
步骤（2）中的蜜蜂饲料包含以下重量份的组分：豆饼粉32份、花粉10份、蛋白粉3份、蜂蜜8份、酵母抽提物6份、蚕蛹粉7份、山楂2份、白糖5份、雪梨汁1份、哈密瓜汁1份、柚子汁1份、荔枝汁1份、贯众5份、鱼腥草2份、使君子1份、板蓝根4份、败酱草1份、穿心莲2份、甘草9份、女贞子 2份、桑叶1份、食用盐0.1份。
步骤（3）中的杀螨剂兑水1800倍进行稀释，杀螨剂的组分为2wt％的噻螨酮、7wt％的苯丁锡、2.2wt％的溴螨脂、2wt％的螺螨酯，其余为水。
步骤（3）中的消毒剂包含以下重量份的组分：丝兰提取物17份、大蒜素12份、米醋11份、使君子10份、连翘3份、鱼腥草2份、佩兰2份、野菊花6份、龙胆草4份、蜂蜜7份。
实施例2
一种蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，包括以下几个步骤：
（1）养蜂基地选择：选择自然生态良好、没有污染、植物蜜源丰富的地区作为养蜂场地；选择活框蜂箱，活框蜂箱由箱体、巢框、巢门档、副盖、箱盖和隔板组成，将该活框蜂箱分挂在该地区的大树顶端；对蜂箱上方采用深色的防水布进行遮挡；
（2）蜜蜂培育：采用中华蜜锋为蜂苗，通过人工培育，喂养成蜂王，每天对蜜蜂喂养蜜蜂饲料一次，喂养量为每箱蜜蜂喂养30～50g；
（3）日常管理：在蜜蜂养殖前，用稀释后的杀螨剂喷洒蜂箱内外，间隔5个月后，再用稀释后的杀螨剂喷洒蜂箱内外；每隔4天用消毒剂对蜂箱、巢脾进行喷洒消毒；定期检查蜂群，清除箱底死蜂、蜡渣、霉变污物，保持箱底清洁；
（4）适时取蜜：掂量蜂箱的重量，判断蜂箱内部的蜂蜜的量；将蜂箱从树上取下，取走适量的蜂蜜。
步骤（2）中的蜜蜂饲料包含以下重量份的组分：豆饼粉25份、花粉15份、蛋白粉7份、蜂蜜3份、酵母抽提物10份、蚕蛹粉5份、山楂5份、白糖8份、雪梨汁3份、哈密瓜汁3份、柚子汁3份、荔枝汁3份、贯众2份、鱼腥草5份、使君子2份、板蓝根7份、败酱草2份、穿心莲3份、甘草5份、女贞子 4份、桑叶2份、食用盐0.3份。
步骤（3）中的杀螨剂兑水1500倍进行稀释，杀螨剂的组分为1.5wt％的噻螨酮、5wt％的苯丁锡、1.8wt％的溴螨脂、1wt％的螺螨酯，其余为水。
步骤（3）中的消毒剂包含以下重量份的组分：丝兰提取物10份、大蒜素18份、米醋8份、使君子5份、连翘7份、鱼腥草7份、佩兰3份、野菊花3份、龙胆草8份、蜂蜜 12份。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或变型，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，其特征在于，包括以下几个步骤：
（1）养蜂基地选择：选择自然生态良好、没有污染、植物蜜源丰富的地区作为养蜂场地；选择活框蜂箱，所述活框蜂箱由箱体、巢框、巢门档、副盖、箱盖和隔板组成，将该活框蜂箱分挂在该地区的大树顶端；对蜂箱上方采用深色的防水布进行遮挡；
（2）蜜蜂培育：采用中华蜜锋为蜂苗，通过人工培育，喂养成蜂王，每天对蜜蜂喂养蜜蜂饲料一次，喂养量为每箱蜜蜂喂养30～50g；
（3）日常管理：在蜜蜂养殖前，用稀释后的杀螨剂喷洒蜂箱内外，间隔3～5个月后，再用稀释后的杀螨剂喷洒蜂箱内外；每隔3～8天用消毒剂对蜂箱、巢脾进行喷洒消毒；定期检查蜂群，清除箱底死蜂、蜡渣、霉变污物，保持箱底清洁；
（4）适时取蜜：掂量蜂箱的重量，判断蜂箱内部的蜂蜜的量；将蜂箱从树上取下，取走适量的蜂蜜。
2.如权利要求1所述的蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（1）中的蜜源为山茶花、桐花、米椎花、燕树花、桂花、乌桕花、鸭脚木花、九里光花、玉米花、油菜花、稻花。
3.如权利要求1所述的蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）中的蜜蜂饲料包含以下重量份的组分：豆饼粉25～35份、花粉8～15份、蛋白粉3～7份、蜂蜜3～8份、酵母抽提物6～10份、蚕蛹粉4～8份、山楂2～5份、白糖5～8份、雪梨汁1～3份、哈密瓜汁1～3份、柚子汁1～3份、荔枝汁1～3份、贯众2～5份、鱼腥草2～6份、使君子1～2份、板蓝根3～8份、败酱草1～3份、穿心莲2～4份、甘草5～10份、女贞子 2～4份、桑叶1～3份、食用盐0.1～0.3份。
4.如权利要求1所述的蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（3）中的杀螨剂兑水1500～1800倍进行稀释，所述杀螨剂的组分为1.5～2.2wt％的噻螨酮、5～7wt％的苯丁锡、1.8～2.5wt％的溴螨脂、1～2wt％的螺螨酯，其余为水。
5.如权利要求1所述的蜜蜂的高产养殖方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（3）中的消毒剂包含以下重量份的组分：丝兰提取物10～18份、大蒜素10～18份、米醋8～12份、使君子5～10份、连翘2～8份、鱼腥草2～8份、佩兰1～3份、野菊花2～6份、龙胆草3～8份、蜂蜜 6～12份。
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