CN107819165A - A kind of charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator - Google Patents
A kind of charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN107819165A CN107819165A CN201711027396.9A CN201711027396A CN107819165A CN 107819165 A CN107819165 A CN 107819165A CN 201711027396 A CN201711027396 A CN 201711027396A CN 107819165 A CN107819165 A CN 107819165A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator.Its process is：To different type lead-acid accumulator, when battery electric quantity is zero, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into by different grades according to cell voltage size, different brackets is charged with different charging modes；When battery electric quantity is more than zero, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into by different grades according to battery electric quantity size, different brackets is charged with different charging modes.Battery of the present invention for the different power shortage degree such as different battery electric quantities, voltage, supplement electricity is carried out using different stagewise charging methods, it can ensure that power shortage 12V lead-acid accumulators energy fully charged and fill phenomenon in the absence of void, the charging interval that battery is thus capable of sufficiently recovering electricity can be reduced simultaneously, avoid causing battery life to decline, cause vehicle can not start equivalent risk again.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automobile batteries charging technique field, and in particular to a kind of charging of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator
Method.
Background technology
The power shortage battery boosting technology management of general automobile production company car is more chaotic at present, including instruction carriage, work
The not offline vehicle of factory, garage stock's vehicle, site vehicle after sale have different power shortage accumulator charging methods, are substantially all not
Consider power shortage degree, the charging voltage of power shortage battery, electric current are also all defined by respective experience to be charged, and the charging interval is not yet
It is determined that these incorrect charging methods can not only give power shortage battery fully charged, depth power shortage electric power storage can not be more eliminated
Sulfation inside pond.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly insufficient existing for above-mentioned background technology in order to solve, there is provided a kind of automobile using power shortage plumbic acid
The charging method of battery.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator, to different type
Lead-acid accumulator, when battery electric quantity is zero, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into by different grades according to cell voltage size, no
Ad eundem is charged with different charging modes；When battery electric quantity is more than zero, according to battery electric quantity size by the power shortage of battery
Degree is divided into different grades, and different brackets is charged with different charging modes, and the different charging modes refer to charging electricity
Pressure, charging current, charging interval parameter are different.
Further, the type of the lead-acid accumulator includes AGM lead-acid accumulators and EFB/FB lead-acid accumulators.
Further, to AGM lead-acid accumulators, when battery electric quantity is zero, according to battery electric quantity SOC and cell voltage U
Corresponding relation, when battery electric quantity SOC is reduced to zero, cell voltage U drops to corresponding charge threshold level, in zero and charge threshold level
Between set gradually 3 fragmentation value U1、U2、U3, using fragmentation value it is separation by the power shortage degree of battery according to cell voltage size
It is divided into four grades, four grades are respectively：The ＜ U ＜ U of grade 1,01；Grade 2, U1 ＜ U ＜ U2；Grade 3, U2＜ U ＜ U3；Deng
Level 4, U3＜ U ＜ charge threshold levels.
Further, during the grade 1, determine that battery is scrapped, battery does not charge；
The charging modes of the grade 2 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t1；Again with constant constant pressure U2,
Current limliting I2 charging intervals t2；
The charging modes of the grade 3 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U2 charging intervals t3；Again with constant constant pressure U2,
Current limliting I1 charging intervals t2.
The charging modes of the class 4 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t4；Again with constant constant pressure U2,
Current limliting I2 charging intervals t2；
The t2 ＞ t1 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
Further, to AGM lead-acid accumulators, when battery electric quantity is more than zero, battery electric quantity have to be larger than critical value vapour
Car could start, and the critical value is defined as electricity critical value；3 fragmentation values are set gradually between zero and electricity critical value
SOC1、SOC2、SOC3, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into by four grades using fragmentation value as separation according to battery electric quantity size, four
Individual grade is respectively：The ＜ SOC ＜ SOC of grade 1,01；Grade 2, SOC1＜ SOC ＜ SOC2；Grade 3, SOC2＜ SOC ＜ SOC3；Deng
Level 4, SOC3＜ SOC ＜ electricity critical values.
Further, the charging modes of the grade 1 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t1；
The charging modes of the grade 2 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t2；
The charging modes of the grade 3 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t3；
The charging modes of the class 4 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t4；
The t1 ＞ t2 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
Further, to EFB/FB lead-acid accumulators, when battery electric quantity is zero, according to battery electric quantity SOC and battery electricity
U corresponding relation is pressed, when battery electric quantity SOC is reduced to zero, cell voltage U drops to corresponding charge threshold level, faces in zero and voltage
3 fragmentation value U are set gradually between dividing value1、U2、 U3, according to cell voltage size using fragmentation value as separation by battery lose
Electric degree is divided into four grades, and four grades are respectively：The ＜ U ＜ U of grade 1,01；Grade 2, U1 ＜ U ＜ U2；Grade 3, U2＜ U
＜ U3；Class 4, U3＜ U ＜ charge threshold levels.
Further, when the power shortage degree of the battery is grade 1, battery does not charge；
The charging modes of the grade 2 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t1；Again with constant constant pressure U2,
Current limliting I2 charging intervals t2；
The charging modes of the grade 3 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t3；Again with constant constant pressure U2,
Current limliting I2 charging intervals t2；
The charging modes of the class 4 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t4；Again with constant constant pressure U2,
Current limliting I2 charging intervals t2；
The t2 ＞ t1 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
Further, to EFB/FB lead-acid accumulators, when battery electric quantity is more than zero, battery electric quantity have to be larger than critical value
Automobile could start, and the critical value is defined as electricity critical value；3 fragmentation values are set gradually between zero and electricity critical value
SOC1、SOC2、SOC3, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into by four grades using fragmentation value as separation according to battery electric quantity size, four
Individual grade is respectively：The ＜ SOC ＜ SOC of grade 1,01；Grade 2, SOC1＜ SOC ＜ SOC2；Grade 3, SOC2＜ SOC ＜ SOC3；Deng
Level 4, SOC3＜ SOC ＜ electricity critical values.
Further, the charging modes of the grade 1 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t1；
The charging modes of the grade 2 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t2；
The charging modes of the grade 3 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t3；
The charging modes of the class 4 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t4；
The t1 ＞ t2 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
The present invention is for different types of battery；Electric power storage for the different power shortage degree such as different battery electric quantities, voltage
Pond, supplement electricity is carried out using different stagewise charging methods, battery can not only be so reduced and be thus capable of sufficiently recovering filling for electricity
The electric time, depth power shortage internal storage battery vulcanization problem can be more eliminated, improve the service life of battery.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, is easy to that the present invention is well understood, but
They do not form to the present invention and limited.
The present invention is to different type lead-acid accumulator, when battery electric quantity is zero, according to cell voltage size by battery
Power shortage degree is divided into different grades, and different brackets is charged with different charging modes；When battery electric quantity is more than zero, according to
The power shortage degree of battery is divided into different grades by battery electric quantity size, and different brackets is charged with different charging modes.I.e.
The present invention is for different types of battery；For the battery of the different power shortage degree such as different battery electric quantities, voltage, using not
Same stagewise charging method carries out supplement electricity, and the different charging modes refer to charging voltage, charging current, charging interval ginseng
Number is different, can not only so reduce the charging interval that battery is thus capable of sufficiently recovering electricity, can more eliminate depth power shortage battery
Internal vulcanization problem, improve the service life of battery.
Technical solution of the present invention is directed to two kinds of different type lead-acid accumulators：Including AGM, (Absorbed Glass Mat are
Absorption type glass fibre) (reinforced rich solution lead-acid battery/common rich solution plumbic acid stores for lead-acid accumulator and EFB/FB lead-acid accumulators
Battery).
In such scheme：To AGM lead-acid accumulators, hereinafter referred to as battery, according to battery electric quantity SOC's and cell voltage U
Corresponding relation, when battery electric quantity SOC is reduced to zero, cell voltage U drops to corresponding charge threshold level.On this basis, battery is worked as
When electricity is zero, now battery is power shortage serious situation the most under chargeable state, according to different voltage class states,
Supplement electricity is carried out using corresponding stagewise method.Specifically, 3 fragmentation value U are set gradually between zero and charge threshold level1、
U2、U3, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into by four grades, four ranking scores using fragmentation value as separation according to cell voltage size
It is not：The ＜ U ＜ U of grade 1,01；Grade 2, U1 ＜ U ＜ U2；Grade 3, U2＜ U ＜ U3；Class 4, U3＜ U ＜ charge threshold levels.
In such scheme：
When the power shortage degree of battery is grade 1, illustrate that inside battery sulfation is very serious, be irreversible situation,
It can determine that battery is scrapped, battery does not charge；
The charging modes of grade 2 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t1；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting
I2 charging intervals t2；
The charging modes of grade 3 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U2 charging intervals t3；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting
I1 charging intervals t2.
The charging modes of class 4 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t4；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting
I2 charging intervals t2；
The t2 ＞ t1 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
The maximum that above-mentioned current limliting and pressure limiting is the charging current of restriction and voltage can take, that is, when charging, in charging electricity
Press it is constant on the basis of, charging current value is less than or equal to cut-off current, on the basis of charging current is constant, charging voltage value
Less than or equal to voltage limiting value.
Above-mentioned fragmentation value U1、U2、U3, charge threshold level, charging current I1, pressure limiting U1, voltage U2, current limliting I2, Yi Jichong
Electric time t1, t2, t3, t4 are depending on test of many times result, specifically：U1、U2、U3Value be respectively 3V+/- 1V, 6V+/-
1V, 9V+/- 1V, charge threshold level value are 11.5V+/- 1V, and charging current I1, pressure limiting U1, voltage U2, current limliting I2 value are divided
Not Wei 3.5A+/- 2%, 16V+/- 2%, 14.4V+/- 2%, 17.5A+/- 2%, charging interval t1, t2, t3, t4 value point
Wei not 12h+/- 1h, 24h+/- 1h, 10h+/- 1h, 8h+/- 1h.
In such scheme：To AGM lead-acid accumulators, battery electric quantity, which have to be larger than critical value automobile, to be started, and this is critical
Value is defined as electricity critical value；On this basis, when battery electric quantity is more than zero, set gradually between zero and electricity critical value
3 fragmentation value SOC1、SOC2、SOC3, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into four using fragmentation value as separation according to battery electric quantity size
Individual grade, four grades are respectively：The ＜ SOC ＜ SOC of grade 1,01；Grade 2, SOC1＜ SOC ＜ SOC2；Grade 3, SOC2＜
SOC ＜ SOC3；Class 4, SOC3＜ SOC ＜ electricity critical values.
In such scheme：The charging modes of grade 1 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t1；
The charging modes of grade 2 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t2；
The charging modes of grade 3 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t3；
The charging modes of class 4 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t4；
The t1 ＞ t2 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
Above-mentioned current limliting is the maximum that the charging current limited can take, that is, when charging, on the basis that charging voltage is constant
On, charging current value is less than or equal to cut-off current.
Above-mentioned fragmentation value SOC1、SOC2、SOC3, electricity critical value, charging voltage U3, current limliting I3, and charging interval t1,
T2, t3, t4 are depending on test of many times result, specifically：SOC1、SOC2、 SOC3Value be respectively 30%+/- 10%,
50%+/- 10%, 65%+/- 10%；Electricity critical value value is 90%+/- 10%；Charging voltage U3, current limliting I3 value point
Wei not 14.4V+/- 2%, 7A+/- 2%；Charging interval t1, t2, t3, t4 value are respectively 13h-16h, 11h-12h, 9h-
10h、6h-8h。
In such scheme：To EFB/FB lead-acid accumulators, hereinafter referred to as battery, according to battery electric quantity SOC and cell voltage
U corresponding relation, when battery electric quantity SOC is reduced to zero, cell voltage U drops to corresponding charge threshold level.On this basis, electricity is worked as
When pond electricity is zero, now battery is power shortage serious situation the most under chargeable state, according to different voltage class shapes
State, supplement electricity is carried out using corresponding stagewise method.Specifically, 3 fragmentation values are set gradually between zero and charge threshold level
U1、U2、U3, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into by four grades, four grades using fragmentation value as separation according to cell voltage size
Respectively：The ＜ U ＜ U of grade 1,01；Grade 2, U1 ＜ U ＜ U2；Grade 3, U2＜ U ＜ U3；Class 4, U3＜ U ＜ charge threshold levels.
In such scheme：When the power shortage degree of battery is grade 1, illustrates that inside battery sulfation is very serious, be not
Reversible situation, it may be determined that battery is scrapped, and battery does not charge；
The charging modes of grade 2 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t1；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting
I2 charging intervals t2；
The charging modes of grade 3 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t3；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting
I2 charging intervals t2；
The charging modes of class 4 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t4；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting
I2 charging intervals t2；
The t2 ＞ t1 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
The maximum that above-mentioned current limliting and pressure limiting is the charging current of restriction and voltage can take, that is, when charging, in charging electricity
Press it is constant on the basis of, charging current value is less than or equal to cut-off current, on the basis of charging current is constant, charging voltage value
Less than or equal to voltage limiting value.
Above-mentioned fragmentation value U1、U2、U3, charge threshold level, charging current I1, pressure limiting U1, voltage U2, current limliting I2, Yi Jichong
Electric time t1, t2, t3, t4 are depending on test of many times result, specifically：U1、U2、U3Value be respectively 3V+/- 1V, 6V+/-
1V, 9V+/- 1V, charge threshold level value are 11.5V+/- 1V, and charging current I1, pressure limiting U1, voltage U2, current limliting I2 value are divided
Not Wei 0.05C20A+/- 2%, 16.5V+/- 2%, 16V+/- 2%, (wherein C20 is battery 20 hours to 0.25C20A+/- 2%
Rate capacity), charging interval t1, t2, t3, t4 value are respectively 12h+/- 1h, 24h+/- 1h, 10h+/- 1h, 8h+/- 1h.
In such scheme：To EFB/FB lead-acid accumulators, battery electric quantity, which have to be larger than critical value automobile, to be started, and this faces
Dividing value is defined as electricity critical value；On this basis, when battery electric quantity is more than zero, set successively between zero and electricity critical value
Put 3 fragmentation value SOC1、SOC2、SOC3, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into using fragmentation value as separation according to battery electric quantity size
Four grades, four grades are respectively：The ＜ SOC ＜ SOC of grade 1,01；Grade 2, SOC1＜ SOC ＜ SOC2；Grade 3, SOC2＜
SOC ＜ SOC3；Class 4, SOC3＜ SOC ＜ electricity critical values.
In such scheme：The charging modes of grade 1 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t1；
The charging modes of grade 2 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t2；
The charging modes of grade 3 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t3；
The charging modes of class 4 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t4；
The t1 ＞ t2 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
Above-mentioned current limliting is the maximum that the charging current limited can take, that is, when charging, on the basis that charging voltage is constant
On, charging current value is less than or equal to cut-off current.
Above-mentioned fragmentation value SOC1、SOC2、SOC3, electricity critical value, charging voltage U3, current limliting I3, and charging interval t1,
T2, t3, t4 are depending on test of many times result, specifically：SOC1、SOC2、 SOC3Value be respectively 30%+/- 10%,
50%+/- 10%, 65%+/- 10%；Electricity critical value value is 90%+/- 10%；Charging voltage U3, current limliting I3 value point
Wei not 16V+/- 2%, 0.25 C20A+/- 2% ((wherein C20 is the hour rate capacity of battery 20))；Charging interval t1, t2, t3,
T4 value is respectively 16h-24h, 12h-16h, 9h-12h, 6h-9h.
For the technical scheme of the invention described above, there is provided embodiment 1：
1st, AGM accumulator charging methods
1.1 accumulator electric-quantities are zero
Battery electric quantity is zero, and 3 fragmentation value U are set gradually between zero and charge threshold level1、U2、 U3, U1、U2、U3's
Value is respectively 3V, 6V and 9V, and the power shortage degree of battery is divided into four using fragmentation value as separation according to cell voltage size
Grade, four grades are respectively：The ＜ U ＜ 3V of grade 1,0；Grade 2,3V ＜ U ＜ 6V；Grade 3,6V ＜ U ＜ 9V；Class 4,9V
＜ U ＜ charge threshold levels.
Different grades of charging modes are as follows：
Grade 1：It please do and scrap processing, internal sulfation is serious, irreversible.
Grade 2：First with electric current 3.5A, pressure limiting 16V charging 12h；
Again with 14.4V constant pressures, current limliting 17.5A chargings 24h.
Grade 3：First with electric current 3.5A, pressure limiting 16V charging 10h；
Again with 14.4V constant pressures, current limliting 17.5A chargings 24h.
Class 4：First with electric current 3.5A, pressure limiting 16V charging 8h；
Again with 14.4V constant pressures, current limliting 17.5A chargings 24h.
1.2. accumulator electric-quantity is higher than zero
Between accumulator electric-quantity SOC is from 0% to 90%, according to different accumulator electric-quantity states, using corresponding stagewise
Method carries out supplement electricity.
Grade 1：0%<SOC<30%：Constant pressure 14.4V, current limliting 7A charging 14h
Grade 2：30%<SOC<50%：Constant pressure 14.4V, current limliting 7A charging 11h
Grade 3：50%<SOC<65%：Constant pressure 14.4V, current limliting 7A charging 9h
Class 4：65%<SOC<90%：Constant pressure 14.4V, current limliting 7A charging 7h
2nd, EFB/FB accumulator charging methods
2.1 accumulator electric-quantities are zero
Battery electric quantity is zero, and 3 fragmentation value U are set gradually between zero and charge threshold level1、U2、 U3, U1、U2、U3's
Value is respectively 3V, 6V and 9V, and the power shortage degree of battery is divided into four using fragmentation value as separation according to cell voltage size
Grade, four grades are respectively：The ＜ U ＜ 3V of grade 1,0；Grade 2,3V ＜ U ＜ 6V；Grade 3,6V ＜ U ＜ 9V；Class 4,9V
＜ U ＜ charge threshold levels.
Different grades of charging modes are as follows：
Grade 1：It please do and scrap processing, there is serious sulfation inside, irreversible.
Grade 2：First with electric current 0.05C20A, pressure limiting 16.5V charging 12h (C20：20 hour rate capacity)；It is permanent with 16V again
Pressure, current limliting 0.25C20A chargings 24h.
Grade 3：First with electric current 0.05C20A, pressure limiting 16.5V charging 10h；
Again with 16V constant pressures, current limliting 0.25C20A chargings 24h.
Class 4：First with electric current 0.05C20A, pressure limiting 16.5V charging 8h；
Again with 16V constant pressures, current limliting 0.25C20A chargings 24h.
2.2 accumulator electric-quantities are higher than zero
Between accumulator electric-quantity SOC is from 0% to 90%, according to different power shortage states, entered using corresponding stagewise method
Row supplement electricity
Grade 1：0%<SOC<30%：Constant pressure 16V, current limliting 0.25C20A charging 19h
Grade 2：30%<SOC<50%：Constant pressure 16V, current limliting 0.25C20A charging 15h
Grade 3：50%<SOC<65%：Constant pressure 16V, current limliting 0.25C20A charging 11h
Class 4：65%<SOC<90%：Constant pressure 16V, current limliting 0.25C20A charging 7h
The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator, it is characterised in that：To different type lead-acid accumulator, work as electricity When pond electricity is zero, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into by different grades according to cell voltage size, different brackets is filled with difference Electrically charged；When battery electric quantity is more than zero, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into according to battery electric quantity size different Grade, different brackets are charged with different charging modes, and the different charging modes refer to charging voltage, charging current, filled Electric time parameter is different.
- 2. the charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The plumbic acid stores The type of battery includes AGM lead-acid accumulators and EFB/FB lead-acid accumulators.
- 3. the charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：To AGM plumbic acids Battery, when battery electric quantity is zero, according to battery electric quantity SOC and cell voltage U corresponding relation, battery electric quantity SOC is reduced to When zero, cell voltage U drops to corresponding charge threshold level, and 3 fragmentation value U are set gradually between zero and charge threshold level1、U2、 U3, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into by four grades, four grade difference using fragmentation value as separation according to cell voltage size For：The ＜ U ＜ U of grade 1,01；Grade 2, U1 ＜ U ＜ U2；Grade 3, U2＜ U ＜ U3；Class 4, U3＜ U ＜ charge threshold levels.
- 4. the charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The grade 1 When, determine that battery is scrapped, battery does not charge；The charging modes of the grade 2 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t1；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting I2 charging intervals t2；The charging modes of the grade 3 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U2 charging intervals t3；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting I1 charging intervals t2.The charging modes of the class 4 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t4；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting I2 charging intervals t2；The t2 ＞ t1 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
- 5. the charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：To AGM plumbic acids Battery, when battery electric quantity is more than zero, battery electric quantity, which have to be larger than critical value automobile, to be started, and the critical value is defined as electricity Measure critical value；3 fragmentation value SOC are set gradually between zero and electricity critical value1、SOC2、SOC3, according to battery electric quantity size The power shortage degree of battery is divided into four grades using fragmentation value as separation, four grades are respectively：The ＜ SOC ＜ of grade 1,0 SOC1；Grade 2, SOC1＜ SOC ＜ SOC2；Grade 3, SOC2＜ SOC ＜ SOC3；Class 4, SOC3＜ SOC ＜ electricity critical values.
- 6. the charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The grade 1 Charging modes be：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t1；The charging modes of the grade 2 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t2；The charging modes of the grade 3 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t3；The charging modes of the class 4 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t4；The t1 ＞ t2 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
- 7. the charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：To EFB/FB lead Acid accumulator, when battery electric quantity is zero, according to battery electric quantity SOC and cell voltage U corresponding relation, battery electric quantity SOC drops When being zero, cell voltage U drops to corresponding charge threshold level, and 3 fragmentation value U are set gradually between zero and charge threshold level1、 U2、U3, the power shortage degree of battery is divided into by four grades, four ranking scores using fragmentation value as separation according to cell voltage size It is not：The ＜ U ＜ U of grade 1,01；Grade 2, U1 ＜ U ＜ U2；Grade 3, U2＜ U ＜ U3；Class 4, U3＜ U ＜ charge threshold levels.
- 8. the charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The battery When power shortage degree is grade 1, battery does not charge；The charging modes of the grade 2 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t1；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting I2 charging intervals t2；The charging modes of the grade 3 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t3；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting I2 charging intervals t2；The charging modes of the class 4 are：First with constant current I1, pressure limiting U1 charging intervals t4；Again with constant constant pressure U2, current limliting I2 charging intervals t2；The t2 ＞ t1 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
- 9. the charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：To EFB/FB lead Acid accumulator, when battery electric quantity is more than zero, battery electric quantity, which have to be larger than critical value automobile, to be started, and the critical value is defined as Electricity critical value；3 fragmentation value SOC are set gradually between zero and electricity critical value1、SOC2、SOC3, it is big according to battery electric quantity Small that the power shortage degree of battery is divided into four grades using fragmentation value as separation, four grades are respectively：The ＜ SOC ＜ of grade 1,0 SOC1；Grade 2, SOC1＜ SOC ＜ SOC2；Grade 3, SOC2＜ SOC ＜ SOC3；Class 4, SOC3＜ SOC ＜ electricity critical values.
- 10. the charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The grade 1 Charging modes be：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t1；The charging modes of the grade 2 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t2；The charging modes of the grade 3 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t3；The charging modes of the class 4 are：With constant voltage U3, current limliting I3 charging intervals t4；The t1 ＞ t2 ＞ t3 ＞ t4.
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