CN103579690A - Storage battery restoration system capable of achieving remote control and restoration method thereof - Google Patents

Storage battery restoration system capable of achieving remote control and restoration method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103579690A
CN103579690A CN201210257920.2A CN201210257920A CN103579690A CN 103579690 A CN103579690 A CN 103579690A CN 201210257920 A CN201210257920 A CN 201210257920A CN 103579690 A CN103579690 A CN 103579690A
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storage battery
discharge
repaired
charging
value
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CN103579690B (en
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刘粤荣
陈方
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Dongguan constant Amperex Technology Limited
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NANJING JIEXIANG ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/448—End of discharge regulating measures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging

Abstract

The invention relates to a storage battery restoration system capable of achieving remote control. The system comprises a database, a system control device, a charge-discharge control device, a discharging device, and a charging device. Externals of the charging device and the discharging device are connected to a storage battery to be restored, and internals of the charging device and the discharging device are separately connected to the charge-discharge control device. The charge-discharge control device is connected to the system control device through a communication network. The system control device is connected to the database. The system and the method can select a restoration manner with a determined charging amount and a charging procedure according to actual discharging data of different storage batteries, thus achieving remote operation of storage battery restoration, facilitating share of restoration knowledge, facilitating transmit of a targeted restoration manner to each restoration site rapidly, and improving restoration effects of the storage batteries.

Description

A kind of accumulator repairing system and the restorative procedure thereof that can realize Long-distance Control
Technical field
The present invention relates to storage battery field, particularly a kind of accumulator repairing system and the restorative procedure thereof that can realize Long-distance Control.
Background technology
The battery that storage battery general term can repeated charge be used, claims again secondary cell.On Vehicles Collected from Market, storage battery consumption maximum is lead accumulator, its manufactured materials wide material sources, cheap, and there is the electric property advantages such as safe and reliable, capacity is large, strength of discharge is large.In various types of storage batterys of actual use at present, have lead accumulator organic efficiency only and can reach 99%, material resources almost can recycle by full repeatability, meets the development trend of environmental protection.At present, lead accumulator occupies absolute dominant position in high-power/large capacity such as electrically propelled traction vehicle, car and boat starting, communication equipment station, energy storage field.
But lead accumulator has again defect shorter, that easily scrap in advance in useful life, and this defect can cause the huge wasting of resources to society.According to statistics, current China only electric bicycle industry just need to be used the lead accumulator of 600,000,000 left and right every year, and because discarded phenomenon is serious in advance, only 1 year discarded lead accumulator amount of electric bicycle industry is just over 600,000,000.Add other industry, the quantity of annual discarded lead accumulator is more huge.
To lead accumulator reparation, be to avoid lead accumulator to scrap in advance, extend battery, reduce a kind of feasible technological means of the wasting of resources.In prior art, there is the multiple method that lead accumulator is repaired, comprising: rich solution boost charge method, positive/negative pulse charge method, multistage segmentation intelligent charging method, high temperature are shelved method etc.Dissimilar restorative procedure need to be done different technical finesses to the battery of different capabilities attenuation state, due to the diversity of lead accumulator restorative procedure, the diversity of the state of the diversity of repair materials and battery to be repaired, the technical staff who implements lead accumulator reparation need to have more rich technical experience, need to there is deep understanding to emerging several functions material and know-why method in recent years, need to have strict control to lead accumulator repair process.Exactly because storage battery reparation has relatively strict requirement to technology, in general, the whole repairing effect of current lead accumulator is unsatisfactory, and remediation efficiency is very low.For the above reasons, in prior art, still lack and can complete automatically, efficiently the equipment that lead accumulator is repaired.
Except lead accumulator, the secondary cell of other type, as lithium battery, Ni-MH battery etc., because owing in use procedure safeguarded charging or charging constant voltage value is too high, too high the overcharging of causing of ambient temperature, capital makes battery discarded in advance, by special charge and discharge system, can make capacity obtain and recover to a certain extent to continue to use, its repair process equally can be in the waste to a certain degree reducing material resources and the product manufacture energy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the defect that still lacks the equipment that can complete automatically, efficiently storage battery reparation in prior art, thereby provide a kind of, can realize the tele-control system that storage battery is repaired.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of accumulator repairing system that can realize Long-distance Control, comprise database 1, system control equipment 4, discharge and recharge control appliance 7, discharge equipment 2 and charging device 3; Wherein, described charging device 3 and discharge equipment 2 are connected respectively to the positive and negative end of storage battery 6 outside to be repaired, described charging device 3 is also connected respectively to described discharging and recharging on control appliance 7 with discharge equipment 2, the described control appliance 7 that discharges and recharges is connected with system control equipment 4 by communication network 5, and described system control equipment 4 is connected with described database 1;
Described discharge equipment 2 according to described in discharge and recharge the instruction that control appliance 7 sends described storage battery 6 carried out to discharge operation, and return to corresponding data to described charging/discharging apparatus 7; Described data comprise: described storage battery 6 is with mark rule rated current I ebe discharged to mark rule final voltage V 0the time value T of time feedback 0, at T 0the electric discharge average voltage level V of time 01and electric discharge time out T 1the real-time voltage value V of feedback 1; Wherein, described T 1value be 0.5～5%T nominal rating;
Described charging device 3 according to described in discharge and recharge the instruction that control appliance 7 sends described storage battery 6 carried out to charging operations, described charging operations comprises the electric weight that is filled with appointment to described storage battery 6;
Described discharge and recharge command that control appliance 7 sends described system control equipment 4 to described discharge equipment 2 or charging device 3, the transfer of data of also described discharge equipment 2 being returned is to described system control equipment 4;
Described system control equipment 4 is according to the T of feedback 0, V 01and V 1value reads reparation charge volume C stored in described database 1 and described T 0, V 01, V 1between corresponding relation, according to this corresponding relation, select repair mode, the corresponding order of selected repair mode is read and is sent to described charging device 3 by the described control appliance 7 that discharges and recharges from described database 1; Wherein, described reparation charge volume C and described T 0, V 01, V 1between corresponding relation be C=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T 0/ T nominal rating) ﹞ C nominal; Wherein, m=1.1～1.3; N=1.0～3.2, its span is by V 01and V 1value jointly determine;
Described I e, V 0, T nominal ratingwith C nominalknown value for national technical standard regulation.
In technique scheme, described database 1 forms remote control terminal with system control equipment 4, described discharge and recharge control appliance 7, discharge equipment 2 and charging device 3 form the local end of repairing, and described remote control terminal can be controlled at least one local end of repairing.
In technique scheme, described communication network is the Internet.
In technique scheme, described communication network is local area network (LAN).
The present invention also provides the storage battery restorative procedure of realizing on a kind of accumulator repairing system that can realize Long-distance Control based on described, comprising:
Step 1), the constant voltage and current limiting mode of take are full of electricity as storage battery to be repaired, and then standing a period of time, described time of repose is greater than 10 minutes;
Step 2), set with I eintensity, final voltage V 0detect electric discharge, electromotive force E before being discharged, be discharged to final voltage V 0time T 0, at T 0the electric discharge average voltage level V of time 01and be discharged to V 0rear no-load running T 1the real-time voltage value V of time bounce-back 1;
Step 3), according to step 2) resulting data determine storage battery to be repaired are repaired to needed reparation charge volume C while charging;
Step 4), according to step 2) data of the reparation charge volume C that obtains of the data that obtain and step 3) charge stage by stage, realize the reparation to storage battery.
In technique scheme, in described step 2) afterwards, before step 4), also comprise:
Step a), according to step 2) data that obtain determine the failure mode of storage battery to be repaired, according to different failure modes, are that described storage battery to be repaired adds repair materials, and supply electrolyte for storage battery.
In technique scheme, in described step a), described is that described lead accumulator to be repaired adds repair materials according to different failure modes, and lead accumulator is comprised:
Step a-1), when storage battery to be repaired meets the mono-lattice of E < 2.15V/, V 01the mono-lattice of≤1.98V/, V 1when in three features of the mono-lattice of < 2.00V/ two or three, execution step a-2); When storage battery to be repaired meets the mono-lattice of E > 2.23V/, V 01the mono-lattice of > 2.02V/, V 1when in three features of the mono-lattice of > 2.05V/ two or three, execution step a-3); Non-above-mentioned two kinds of typicalnesses performance, execution step a-4);
Step a-2), be the repair materials of the additional anti-pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization of storage battery to be repaired, then finish the operation of this step;
Step a-3), be the softening repair materials of the additional inhibition plate active material of storage battery to be repaired, then finish the operation of this step;
Step a-4), be first additional anti-vulcanizing material of storage battery to be repaired, by charging, administer pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization, and then additional die bond material is administered plate active material by charging and is softened.
In technique scheme, described step 2) comprising:
Step 2-1), by storage battery to be repaired with rated current intensity I ebe discharged to V 0, record T discharge time 0; If E < is V 0, record and be worth T discharge time 0=0;
Step 2-2), at storage battery with electric current I ebe discharged to V 0in process, continuous sampling is the magnitude of voltage of electric discharge in real time, according to sampled result, calculates sample mean V 01and store recording;
Step 2-3), by storage battery to be repaired with I ecurrent strength is discharged to V 0time, unloaded T 1time, record is the real-time voltage value V of bounce-back now 1;
Step 2-4), to storage battery deep discharge to be repaired to V 2, then the intensity of discharging current is successively decreased stage by stage and is continued deep discharge to V 2, V 2≤ 80%V 0/ mono-lattice; Wherein, the intensity of described discharging current is successively decreased and is comprised stage by stage: I e1/2 decile of current strength successively decreases, or successively decreases with arbitrary form, more than the exponent number that successively decreases arranges 1 rank.
In technique scheme, the reparation charge volume C of described step 3), with described T 0, V 1between corresponding relation be C=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T 0/ T nominal rating) ﹞ C nominal; M=1.1～1.3 wherein, n=1.0～3.2, the span of n according to storage battery kind in conjunction with V 01, V 1value interval and determine, lead accumulator is comprised:
I, storage battery V to be repaired 01during the mono-lattice of≤1.98V/, n value 2.5～3.2: wherein, V 1n value 2.8～3.2 during the mono-lattice of < 2.0V/, V 1n value 2.5～2.8 during the mono-lattice of>=2.0V/;
Ii, storage battery V to be repaired 01during the mono-lattice of > 2.02V/, n value 1.0～1.8: wherein, V 1n value 1.0～1.3 during the mono-lattice of>=2.05V/, V 1n value 1.3～1.8 during the mono-lattice of < 2.05V/;
When iii, the non-above-mentioned two states of storage battery to be repaired show, n value 1.8～2.5.
In technique scheme, described step 4) comprises lead accumulator:
Step 4-1), according to the V of storage battery to be repaired 01and V 1value is chosen the current strength of initial charge in conjunction with the electromotive force E before discharging, for E < V 0, V 01=V 0or V 1the storage battery to be repaired of the mono-lattice of > 2.10V/, employing≤0.06C/A carries out initial charge, initial charge 0.5～4 hour or charge to the mono-lattice of both end voltage>=2.0V/ of storage battery, then shift step 4-2); The storage battery to be repaired of non-above-mentioned situation directly carries out step 4-2) charging;
Step 4-2), to storage battery to be repaired with 0.08～0.25C/A current charges, until be filled with by discharge data V 01, T 0, V 170～95% of common definite C/Ah charge volume, then shift step 4-3);
Step 4-3), to storage battery to be repaired with 0.03～0.06C/A low current charge, until be filled with the electric weight of 100%C/Ah, make storage battery recover normal capacity.
In technique scheme, step 4-2) charging to be divided into two or more stages, and between different phase, interval arranges dormancy, charging current is less than or equal to the low current charge of 0.03C/A, or shallow discharge is set;
In technique scheme, the shallow discharge setting in charging process is once or once, the current strength≤I of shallow discharge e, discharge electricity amount≤0.5C/Ah; When shallow discharge is set, this negative charge volume supplements back at after-stage charging moderate, described by C=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T 0/ T nominal rating) ﹞ C nominalthe surplus charge volume of definite reparation is constant.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, storage battery restorative procedure of the present invention can use communication network means automatically to select the repair mode of a kind of definite charge volume and charging procedure for the actual discharge data of different batteries, has improved the repair rate of storage battery.
2, accumulator repairing system of the present invention can be realized the remote operation that storage battery is repaired, and is conducive to that repair mode is targetedly delivered to each rapidly and repairs on-the-spotly, is conducive to realize and repairs sharing of knowledge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the foundation structure schematic diagram of the internet system equipment of storage battery reparation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of change in voltage curve of 6DZM storage battery constant current deep discharge;
Fig. 3 is the working procedure software logic graph of a relation of discharge equipment;
Fig. 4 is the logic relation picture of the deep discharge method of discharge equipment;
Fig. 5 is the logic relation picture of the method for work of charging device;
Fig. 6 be embodiment 1 according to battery discharging data the corresponding charging current curve that charge volume is set;
Fig. 7 be embodiment 2 according to battery discharging data the corresponding charging current curve that charge volume is set;
Fig. 8 be embodiment 3 according to battery discharging data the corresponding charging current curve that charge volume is set;
Fig. 9 be embodiment 4 according to battery discharging data the corresponding charging current curve that charge volume is set;
Figure 10 be embodiment 5 according to battery discharging data the corresponding charging current curve that charge volume is set;
Figure 11 is that embodiment 6 arranges curve according to the corresponding charging voltage of battery discharging data.
Accompanying drawing sign
1, database 2, discharge equipment 3, charging device 4, database control appliance
5, internet data circuit 6, storage battery 7, charge/discharge control appliance
Embodiment
Before the present invention is elaborated, first related notion related in the present invention is done to unified description, with lead accumulator, for stating example, other type cell is in like manner analogized, and with assistant, separates.
I e(A of unit): the rate of discharge of rate when battery industry national technical standard is specified, I e=nominal rating capacity C nominal(Ah) rate (h) when/mark rule are discharged.For example, electric bicycle 6DZM battery GB regulation 2h leads electric discharge, I e(A)=C nominal/ 2h; Electric road car storage battery GB regulation 3h leads electric discharge, I e(A)=C nominal/ 3h; Communication station UPS leads electric discharge, I with storage battery GB regulation 10h e(A)=C nominal/ 10h.
V 0(V of unit): mark rule rated current intensity I ethe final voltage value of electric discharge, for example, 2h or 3h lead electrokinetic cell V 0the mono-lattice of=1.75V/, communication station 10h leads battery V 0the mono-lattice of=1.80V/.
T 0(h of unit): storage battery is rate electric current I when specified ebe discharged to standard code final voltage V 0time.T 0physical significance characterize the capacity of storage battery, capacity is I e* T 0(Ah).
The above-mentioned industry technology known value that is, be below characteristic data value related in the present invention (all not in addition specially explanation state example, the lead accumulator of all take describes as example):
V 01: storage battery is at T 0the average voltage level of time period electric discharge, the known V of industry 01relevant to electrolytical ion concentration, the V of lead accumulator for example 01with sulfuric acid density dependent.Applicant finds the V that the lead accumulator of different failure modes shows 01interval obviously different, plate active material typical sulfur lead plumbate crystallization salinization shows as V 01obviously on the low side, plate active material is the softening V that shows as seriously 02obviously higher, and two kinds of failure modes the storage battery V that deposits 01show as between the two; These three kinds of different V 01interval performance, for repair process provides a feature foundation.
T 1: a related time value in storage battery repair process.Storage battery is with rated current I ebe discharged to V 0time, the electromotive force (open circuit voltage) that suspends electric discharge (zero load disconnects discharge load) can be tending towards basicly stable at certain hour, T 1rate T when value is discharged with the mark rule of storage battery nominal ratingfor reference, at 0.5～5%T nominal ratinginterval range is chosen, and preferably, 1～2h leads storage battery and takes off limit value 0.5～1.5%T nominal rating, 3～5h leads storage battery and gets intermediate value 1～3%T nominal rating, 10～20h leads storage battery capping value 3～5%T nominal rating.
V 1: storage battery no-load running T 1the real-time voltage value that time can reach.Applicant finds the V that different failure mode storage batterys show 1there is obvious different interval, for example, when lead accumulator failure mode is plate active material typical sulfur lead plumbate crystallization salinization, generally show as V 1on the low side, plate active material shows as V while seriously softening 1obviously higher; And two kinds of failure modes show as V while depositing 1in between the two; These three kinds different real-time voltage V 1interval performance, for the repair process of lead accumulator provides another feature foundation.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
With reference to figure 1, the tele-control system for storage battery reparation of the present invention comprises database 1, system control equipment 4, discharges and recharges control appliance 7, discharge equipment 2 and charging device 3; Wherein, described charging device 3 and discharge equipment 2 can be connected respectively to the positive and negative end of storage battery 6 outside to be repaired, and be connected respectively to described discharging and recharging on control appliance 7, the described control appliance 7 that discharges and recharges is connected with system control equipment 4 by communication network 5, and described system control equipment 4 is connected with described database 1.
In storage battery repair process, discharge equipment 2 in described tele-control system, charging device 3 and discharge and recharge control appliance 7 and be positioned at the scene of repairing storage battery, and described database 1, system control equipment 4 can be at the scenes of repairing storage battery, also can be away from repairing on-the-spot far-end.For connecting the communication network 5 discharging and recharging between control appliance 7 and system control equipment 4, can be the Internet, can be also local area network (LAN).In Fig. 1, only show that database 1,4 pairs of system control equipments comprise discharge equipment 2, charging device 3, a set of charging/discharging apparatus of discharging and recharging control appliance 7 is realized and discharged and recharged control, but in actual use, described database 1, system control equipment 4 can be discharged and recharged equipment and control being positioned at many covers of different places simultaneously by communication network.
Described discharge equipment 2 is for discharging the electric energy of storage battery to be repaired 6.In one embodiment, described discharge equipment 2 comprises constant current discharge load resistance, miniature data read/write holder, discharge time counter, shows voltmeter, data input/output interface, constant-current discharge and real-time voltage administrative unit in real time.This discharge equipment 2 in the course of the work, receives and discharges and recharges the instruction that control appliance 7 sends, and can to storage battery 6, carry out a series of discharge operation according to this instruction, and returns to corresponding data to discharging and recharging control appliance 7.
Described charging device 3 is for storage battery 6 chargings to be repaired.In one embodiment, described charging device 3 comprises constant current charge real-time management unit, charging interval counter, shows current/voltage table, miniature data read/write holder and data input/output interface in real time.This charging device 3 in the course of the work, receives and discharges and recharges the instruction that control appliance 7 sends, and can to storage battery 6, carry out a series of charging operations according to this instruction, and returns to corresponding data to discharging and recharging control appliance 7.
In the present embodiment, discharge equipment 2 and charging device 3 are two equipment independently, in other embodiments, also can realize by put/charged integrated.
Described discharge and recharge the order that control appliance 7 sends for receiving described system control equipment 4, described order is sent to discharge equipment 2 and charging device 3.In the present embodiment, described in discharge and recharge the physical equipment that control appliance 7 is platform independent, but in other embodiments, also can on Same Physical equipment, realize with described discharge equipment 2 and charging device 3.
Described system control equipment 4 is advised rated current I according to 2 pairs of storage batterys to be repaired 6 of discharge equipment with mark ebe discharged to final voltage V 0the time value T of time feedback 0, at T 0the electric discharge average voltage level V of time 01and electric discharge time out T 1the real-time voltage value V of time feedback 1, read the reparation charge volume C(Ah that described database 1 stores) and described V 01, T 0, V 1between corresponding relation, according to this relation, select suitable repair mode, the corresponding order of this repair mode is sent to charging device 3 by discharging and recharging control appliance 7.Charging device 3 adopts this repair mode to realize the reparation to storage battery 6.
Described database 1 is repaired charge volume C and described V for storing 01, T 0, V 1between corresponding relation and the order of the repair mode corresponding with these corresponding relations.
Be more than the description to the tele-control system of repairing for storage battery of the present invention, below the storage battery restorative procedure of realizing based on this system mainly described for stating example with lead accumulator.
Mainly there are two kinds of typical failure modes in lead accumulator: pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization, plate active material soften.To the lead accumulator under above-mentioned two kinds of failure modes, all can adopt the method for charging to realize reparation to a certain degree.Which kind of failure mode no matter lead accumulator be, generally at single lattice 1～1.6V, there is a secondary energy platform, accompanying drawing 2 has provided the variation in voltage curve of a 6DZM dead battery constant-current discharge, though show dead battery piles up and has larger energy between 9V left and right region, but well below normal working voltage lower limit, meaningless to the normal work of storage battery.Storage battery carries out the energy that deep discharge can effectively discharge this low-voltage platform, after deep discharge, by charging, storage battery is repaired again, will make storage battery repairing effect better.
Applicant also finds by research: discharge characteristic data have very important meaning for the size of determining needed reparation charge volume in storage battery repair process.The cluster particle image of microcosmic active substance of battery, when capacity is normal, the utmost point is highly consistent to arranging, during capacity high attenuation, the size distribution of cluster particle, cluster spacing and the utmost point all present disorderly and unsystematic to arranging, need to add outside in the prerequisite of effective Additive, inject disposablely enough energy activated, otherwise can form " memory " makes battery capacity cannot recover design load, therefore with discharge characteristic data, determining and repair charge volume, is to make storage battery recover the effective technology method of normal capacity.
For some present stage technology be not suitable for the battery of deep discharge, for example conventional lithium battery, Ni-MH battery, depth of discharge should be controlled.From know-why, any battery, as long as its electrode material does not decompose or phase transformation because discharge voltage is too low, carries out the energy that deep discharge all contributes to discharge low-voltage platform in repair process, and repairing effect can be better.
With the above-mentioned basis that is found to be, described storage battery restorative procedure comprises:
Step 1), the constant voltage and current limiting mode of take are full of electricity as storage battery to be repaired, and then standing a period of time, in the present embodiment, described time of repose is greater than 10 minutes.
Precharge described in this step, its objective is to prevent that to be repaired storage battery standing time is long and affect the accuracy that discharge data gathers, and promotes the technique effect of subsequent step.
Step 2), set with I eintensity, final voltage V 0detect electric discharge, electromotive force E before being discharged, be discharged to final voltage V 0time T 0, at T 0the electric discharge average voltage level V of time 01and be discharged to V 0rear no-load running T 1time real-time voltage value V 1.Average voltage level V 01be in discharge process, V is kept in, is discharged to charge/discharge control appliance 7 by the real-time voltage value (sampling time determines according to required precision) of sampling storage battery 0by charge/discharge control appliance 7 or the built-in mean value counter of remote data base 1, calculate afterwards.
Described in this step with I eintensity electric discharge, its objective is as gathering discharge characteristic data, I eintensity electric discharge belongs to preferred and nonessential, described V 0and T 1value in like manner, I eintensity, V 0and T 1the conversion of value is only that impact is stated the value determination range of discharge data and corresponding charging value relation table thereof.
Step 3), according to step 2) resulting V 01, time T 0, real-time voltage value V 1determine needed reparation charge volume C when storage battery to be repaired is repaired to charging; Wherein, repair charge volume C(Ah)=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T 0/ T nominal rating) ﹞ C nominal; Wherein, m=1.1～1.3, n=1.0～3.2; MC nominalspan is the known value of battery industry, and simultaneously relevant to the residing ambient temperature of storage battery, value trend and ambient temperature are inverse ratio; The span of n is by V 01and V 1value jointly determine.Lead accumulator is comprised to following situation:
I, storage battery V to be repaired 01during the mono-lattice of≤1.98V/, n value 2.5～3.5: wherein, V 1n value 2.9～3.5 during the mono-lattice of < 2.0V/, V 1n value 2.5～2.8 during the mono-lattice of>=2.0V/;
Ii, storage battery V to be repaired 01during the mono-lattice of > 2.02V/, n value 1.0～1.8: wherein, V 1n value 1.0～1.3 during the mono-lattice of>=2.05V/, V 1n value 1.3～1.8 during the mono-lattice of < 2.05V/;
When iii, non-above-mentioned two kinds of typicalnesses performance, n value 1.8～2.5.
In this step, the expression formula of repairing charge volume C has reflected battery malfunction state and the relation of repairing charge volume, and its physical meaning is: under the state through the empty lotus of deep discharge, storage battery reparation is being filled with mC nominal=1.1～1.3C nominalon the basis of electric weight, need to continue Bu Chong ﹝ n(1-T 0/ T nominal rating) ﹞ C nominalelectric weight, T 0less, it is just larger that storage battery is repaired needed charge volume.
The effect that the reparation charge volume magnitude relationship of calculating in this step is repaired to storage battery, if reparation charge volume is crossed young pathbreaker and can not be activated storage battery to be repaired, if it is excessive to repair charge volume, easily storage battery is filled bad again, especially because overcharging for a long time, cause the seriously softening storage battery losing efficacy of plate active material, so the suitable value of n is very important.
Constant current described in this step is determined the mode of electric weight charging (not limiting charging voltage), for exceeding the pressure limiting explosive storage battery inapplicable (the conventional lithium battery of manufacturing such as ordinary skill, conventional Ni-MH battery etc.) that overcharges, this class storage battery should be used the current-limiting charge mode of mark rule constant voltage, for example conventional lithium battery can be set to 4.2V current limliting 0.15C/A charging, when charging current drops to while being less than 0.01C/A naturally, is considered as being full of.Although this class storage battery also can make capacity obtain recovery to a certain extent by special discharging and recharging, present stage, repairing effect was remarkable far away from lead accumulator because supporting repair materials technical research is not enough and be subject to discharging and recharging means restriction.
Step 4), according to step 2) data of the reparation charge volume C that obtains of the data that obtain and step 3) charge stage by stage, realize the reparation to storage battery.
As a kind of preferred implementation, in described step 2) afterwards, before step 4), also comprise:
Step a), according to step 2) data that obtain determine the failure mode of storage battery to be repaired, according to different failure modes, are that described storage battery to be repaired adds repair materials, and supply electrolyte for this storage battery.
Mention, the main failure mode of lead accumulator has two kinds before, is respectively that the crystallization salinization of pole plate lead sulfate and plate active material are softening.The applicant finds through experiment, when storage battery to be repaired meets the mono-lattice of E < 2.15V/, V 01the mono-lattice of≤1.98V/, V 1when in three features of the mono-lattice of < 2.00V/ two or three, failure mode turns to master with pole plate lead sulfate crystal salt, preferably the repair materials of additional anti-pole plate lead sulfate crystallization; When storage battery to be repaired meets the mono-lattice of E > 2.23V/, V 01the mono-lattice of > 2.02V/, V 1when in three features of the mono-lattice of > 2.05V/ two or three, failure mode be take plate active material and is softened as main, the softening repair materials of preferred additional inhibition plate active material; For the situation of non-above-mentioned two kinds of typicalnesses performance, two kinds of failure modes depositing normally, preferentially additional anti-vulcanizing material is administered pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization by charging, and then additional die bond material is administered plate active material by charging and softened.
Storage battery for other kind, industry rarely has the open source literature to repair materials research at present, an important technical reason is: encouraging under the business contexts of consumption fast, general goods lithium battery, the customs such as Ni-MH battery are designed to complete hermetically-sealed construction, be finished discarded, product design and consumption idea need to be changed, therefore repair materials uses common lithium battery, Ni-MH batteries etc. are new research fields, along with power, with high-powered lithium ferric phosphate battery, occur as the technology of design safety explosion-proof valve as lead accumulator, ferric phosphate lithium cell also may utilize the additional reparation proprietary material of safety anti-explosive valve opening as lead accumulator, the storage battery of other kind in like manner.
Below the specific implementation process of each step in storage battery restorative procedure is illustrated.
As shown in Figure 3, described step 2), the discharge process of storage battery to be repaired is specifically comprised:
Step 2-1), at storage battery with rated current intensity I ebe discharged to V 0, record T discharge time 0, then carry out next step; If E≤V 0, storage battery can not discharge, or storage battery moment (for example, in 1 second) is discharged, and accurately records this value without Practical significance discharge time, and these two kinds of situations all record T 0=0, then carry out next step.
Step 2-2), in step 2-1 discharge process, continuous sampling real-time voltage value (time in sampling interval determines according to required precision) is temporary, is discharged to V 0by control appliance 7, calculate the mean value of real-time voltage sampling and keep in, then carrying out next step.
Step 2-3), by storage battery to be repaired at I ebe discharged to V 0time, suspend electric discharge, record storage battery no-load running T 1the real-time voltage value V of time bounce-back 1, then finish this stage discharge operation.
In this step, described T 1the size of time during with the electric discharge of storage battery rate relevant, in description before, had corresponding explanation, no longer repeat herein.
For the crystallization salinization of pole plate lead sulfate or the softening serious lead accumulator of active material, only with I eintensity is discharged to V 0generally do not reach the charged basic emptying of pole plate, make deep layer active material fully contact the object of repair additive, therefore, in a preferred embodiment, at described step 2-3) also comprise afterwards:
Step 2-4), to storage battery deep discharge to be repaired to V 2, then the intensity of discharging current is successively decreased stage by stage, continues deep discharge to V 2, V 2≤ 80%V 0/ mono-lattice.
In the present embodiment, described V 2for being less than or equal to 80%V 0/ mono-lattice, in other embodiments, also can determine described V according to the size of storage battery to be repaired, classification 2value, for example select V 2for 30%V 0/ mono-lattice.
As shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, the current strength that storage battery to be repaired is carried out to the deep discharge rule of successively decreasing is set to I=M ki e, wherein M represents degradation factor, positive integer K represents the exponent number that successively decreases, the present embodiment preferably 0.618.The rate of discharge that storage battery carries out the deep discharge incipient stage is I e, discharge voltage reaches V 2time, current strength starts successively decreasing of the first rank, and K is 1, and rate of discharge drops to 0.618I e, because electric current to reduce be that discharge load alleviates, battery tension can nature bounce-back, when battery discharging voltage reaches V again 2, rate of discharge starts successively decreasing of second-order, and now K becomes 2, and rate of discharge drops to 0.618 2i e=0.382I ethe like, until storage battery with the little current strength deep discharge set to V 2, in the situation that the time allows, realize the 3 above deep discharges in rank as far as possible.In other embodiments, the rate of discharge of deep discharge also can adopt other modes to realize sublevel to successively decrease, as adopted 1/2I ethe mode that decile successively decreases, uses 1/2I continuously e, 1/4I e, 1/8I edeep discharge is to V respectively 2.Rank, end deep discharge is to V 2time current strength, general preferred≤0.05C nominal/ A.
As previously mentioned, conventional lithium battery, conventional Ni-MH battery that existing ordinary skill is manufactured, should not carry out final voltage far below V in repair process 0deep discharge (avoiding causing because discharge voltage is too low that electrode material easily decomposes or phase transformation), still, with limiting discharge voltage V 0, the successively decrease technical scheme of " first emptying electricity " of rate of discharge sublevel, this class battery capacity is repaired still highly significant.For example the manufacturer custom lithium battery that misguides the consumer does not have memory effect, in using if long-term, half lotus, to fullcharging state, discharge and recharge, seldom even do not carry out regular emptying electricity, lithium battery there will be memory effect equally, so repair process of lithium battery, still the method that should take rate of discharge sublevel to successively decrease first complete emptying electricity, recharge, just can obtain good capacity repairing effect.
With reference to figure 5, the charging process to lead accumulator to be repaired in described step 4) specifically comprises:
Step 4-1), according to the V of battery to be repaired 01, V 1electromotive force E before value is discharged in conjunction with detection chooses the current strength of initial charge, for E < V 0, V 01=V 0or V 1the storage battery to be repaired of the mono-lattice of > 2.10V/, employing≤0.06C/A carries out initial charge, initial charge 0.5～4 hour or charge to the mono-lattice of both end voltage>=2.0V/ of storage battery, then shift step 4-2); The storage battery to be repaired of non-above-mentioned situation directly carries out step 4-2) charging;
Chloride plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization also has another kind of extreme case conventionally, and electromotive force E acts normally or be higher, but is discharged to V 0time value T 0very little, T often 0< 1%T nominal rating< 1S even, and be discharged to V 0the bounce-back V following 1be worth very highly, the mono-lattice of the > 2.05V/ electromotive force E before convergence electric discharge even often, the lead accumulator of all this type of situations, at step 4-1) in preferably with≤0.06C/A, carry out initial charge.
Step 4-2), to storage battery to be repaired with 0.08～0.25C/A current charges, until be filled with by discharge data T 0, V 01, V 170～95% of common definite C/Ah charge volume, then shift step 4-3); The charging of this step can adopt stage by stage the mode of charging, and it comprises two or more stages, and between different phase, interval arranges low current charge and the shallow discharge that dormancy, charging current are less than or equal to 0.03C/A;
Step 4-3), to storage battery to be repaired with 0.03～0.06C/A low current charge, until be filled with the charge volume of 100%C/Ah, make storage battery recover normal capacity.
At step 4-2) in, described charging stage by stage can adopt known conventional sublevel in the industry to fall stream method, and degression type constant current charge stage by stage, comprises and uses positive/negative pulse current.Storage battery is filled while approaching fullcharging state, and internal resistance meeting raises, and reduced by power, and unnecessary electric energy conversion is that thermal accumlation is in internal storage battery, when the too high meeting of internal heat accumulation damages storage battery.It is larger that storage battery is repaired required charge volume, than conventional charge in batteries, more easily generate heat, at step 4-2) space changing low current charge or time-out charging certain hour (for example 0.2～1h), the shallow discharge (emitting storage battery part electric energy) of certain way is particularly set, to eliminating bubble, the electrolytical polarization concentration difference of weakening both inner pad periphery, the raising next stage charge efficiency of internal storage battery generation, has obvious effect.
When battery reparation charging arranges shallow discharge mid-term, the electric weight that surplus charge volume should corresponding subduction be emitted; In general, for example, for the storage battery (lead accumulator) of discharge off memory in routine techniques meaning, as residual capacity < 70%C nominaltime in charging, the repairing effect of several times shallow discharge is set mid-term can be better.It should be noted that the I before carrying out before described battery reparation charging ethe shallow discharge of electric discharge and reparation described herein charging setting in mid-term, is two diverse operational phases, and the former object is with I ebe discharged to V 0obtain required charging procedure related data.
Reparation charging method of the present invention can make most of storage battery reach intrinsic capacity, but some storage battery is difficult to disposable charging reaches former design capacity, for example some standing times lead accumulator oversize, that plate active material is softening, too much (the crystallization restructuring after plate active material is softening is a progressive process, and its corresponding charge volume is the T of the storage battery to be repaired described in before should not to repair primary charging amount 0, V 01and V 1etc. automatically being controlled in the common definite value setting relation of discharge data), in this situation, can implement after battery of the present invention repairs charging method, auxiliary select some routines stage by stage constant current mode charge for the second time, be for example aided with constant current and supplement stage by stage 1.4～1.8C nominalcharge volume.When the present invention specifically implements, also can be according to actual needs, the function of spark gap inspection capacity is restarted in increase storage battery reparation afterwards automatically/human-computer dialogue, preferably by constant current I ebe discharged to V 0discharge time check reparation capacity, to promote practical value of the invention process.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, tele-control system of the present invention and restorative procedure thereof are described.
Embodiment 1
In one embodiment, realize remote repairing for the 6DZM12 lead accumulator for electric bicycle.Database 1 and system control equipment 4 are arranged on system management center, and discharge equipment 2, charging device 3 are arranged on battery and repair scene, carry out remote data dock alternately by the Internet.
The present embodiment comprises database 1, discharges and recharges control appliance 7, discharge equipment 2 and charging device 3; Wherein charging device 3 and discharge equipment 2 are connected respectively to the positive and negative end of storage battery 6 outside to be repaired, charging device 3 is also connected respectively to and discharges and recharges on control appliance 7 with discharge equipment 2, and control appliance 7 is connected to described database 1 by data wire 5, system control equipment 4; Discharge equipment 2 according to described in discharge and recharge the instruction that control appliance 7 sends storage battery 6 carried out to discharge operation, and return to corresponding data to charging/discharging apparatus 7.
The condition indicating according to 6DZM12 (mark rule rate of discharge is 6A for 12V12Ah, 2h discharge rate, and mark rule final discharging voltage is 10.50V), it is V that system control equipment 4/ discharges and recharges the data that control appliance 7 sets for discharge equipment 2 0=10.50V, V 2=3.0V, electric discharge, the data acquisition by discharge equipment 2, realized comprise: for storage battery is discharged to 10.50V with 6A, read and be worth T discharge time 0, once sampling real-time voltage value per minute in this discharge process, temporary sampled data also draws as calculated discharge voltage mean value V when being discharged to 10.50V termination 01; While being discharged to 10.50V, dormancy is 70 seconds, reads the storage battery bounce voltage value V of unloaded the 71st second 1.
After this discharge process finishes, the data that system control equipment 4 is discharged to 10.50V feedback according to 2 pairs of storage batterys to be repaired 6 of discharge equipment with rated current 6A, draw T 0value is 56.6 minutes, V 01value is 12.23V, is discharged to the 10.50V bounce voltage value V of unloaded the 71st second 1for 11.89V, judge that main failure mode is as pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization; System control equipment 4 notifies charge/discharge control appliance 7 operation suspensions by Long-distance Control, and the main failure mode that this storage battery is judged is shown, so that the dilute sulfuric acid that the preferred additional anti-vulcanizing material of operator and density are 1.20 is mixed, add inside battery, liquid level is seen on addition to inside battery utmost point group's top.Then with man-machine conversation mode, restart, make system control equipment 4 by discharge and recharge control appliance 7 controlled discharge equipment 2 respectively with 6A, 3A, 1.5A, 0.75A electric current stage by stage continuously deep discharge to 3.0V; After deep discharge completes, control dormancy starts charging device 3 and enters charging procedure after 15 minutes.
System control equipment 4 is according to above-mentioned T 0, V 01, V 1data are automatically set m(1.1～1.3 in database 1) get intermediate value 1.2, n(2.8～3.2) get equally intermediate value 3.0, by the data that store with database 1, make comparisons, for discharging and recharging provide and deliver out the reparation charge volume of this battery of control appliance 7, be: C(Ah)=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T 0/ T nominal volume fixed) ﹞ C nominal=﹝ 1.2 ﹢ 3.0(1-56.6/120) ﹞ C nominal=2.785C nominal=2.785 * 12Ah=33.42Ah.Again because of the zero load bounce voltage value V of the 71st second 1for 11.89V, without initial low current charge is set, routine 3 ladder charging data: 2.0A charging 8h, 1.2A charging 10h, the 0.6A charging 9h that system control equipment 4 selects database 1 to store for discharging and recharging control appliance 7 automatically, meter is repaired charge volume 33.4Ah, altogether 27h consuming time; After this 6DZM12 battery completes deep discharge the 16th minute, charging device 3, according to the instruction that discharges and recharges control appliance 7, was realized the reparation charging to this storage battery.Accompanying drawing 6 has marked the reparation charging I/T curve of the present embodiment.
The 6DZM12 battery of the present embodiment is after deep discharge and conventional three grading current diminishing method charging 33.4Ah, and discharge capacity can reach technology expectation effect more than 10Ah first, after general recharging, can reach nominal capacity.
Embodiment 2
In another embodiment, also, to the storage battery dedicated remote repairing of carrying out of the 6DZM12 described in embodiment 1, the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1 before the charging stage, but in the process of repairing in charging, the optimization charging modes that optional database 1 stores automatically.Specifically, system control equipment 4 after 6DZM12 battery completes deep discharge the 16th minute, optimization level 5 ladders that optional database 1 stores " accurate two fill one puts " charging method, the data relevant with this charging method comprise: 2.0A charging 6h, 1.2A charging 8h, 1.2A electric discharge 2h, 1.2A charging 8h, 0.6A charging 8h, amount to and repair surplus charge volume 33.6Ah, 32h consuming time.Accompanying drawing 7 is the reparation charging I/T curve relevant with the present embodiment, adopts 5 ladders " accurate two fill puts " method to be filled with after 33.6Ah electric weight storage battery 6 is surplus, and 6A discharge capacity generally can disposablely reach the technology expectation effect of nominal 12Ah.
The present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment 1, also increased the function of the automatic discharging size of test after storage battery reparation, discharge and recharge control appliance 7 control charging devices 3 and finish 1 hour at charging procedure, continue controlled discharge equipment 2 and be discharged to 10.50V with constant current 6A, record shows discharge time, makes storage battery repair capacity very clear.
Embodiment 3
For northern area, need to storage battery, strengthen the needs of charge volume winter, In yet another embodiment, when the storage battery described in embodiment 1 is repaired, need strengthening to repair charge volume.When storage battery is repaired, deep discharge process is constant, but in when charging, the size of calculating the set parameter m of charge volume is 1.3, and the reparation charge volume that this 6DZM12 battery strengthen while charging at northern area winter is: C(Ah)=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T 0/ T nominal rating) ﹞ C nominal=﹝ 1.3 ﹢ 3.0(1-56.6/120) ﹞ C nominal=2.885C nominal, be charging device 3 dispensing C=2.9C nominal(Ah) repair mode of=2.886 * 12Ah=34.63Ah charge volume.
After described 6DZM12 battery completes deep discharge the 16th minute, system control equipment 4 is chosen the charging modes in eight stages " accurate three fill two puts " of database 1 storage automatically for charging device 3, related data is: 2.0A charging 6h, 1.2A charging 8h, 1.2A electric discharge 2h, 1.2A charging 6h, (dormancy) 0.5h, 1.2A electric discharge 1h, 1.2A charging 4h, 0.6A charging 8h intermittently, amount to and repair surplus charge volume 34.8Ah, repair 35.5h consuming time.Accompanying drawing 8 is the reparation charging I/T curve relevant with the present embodiment.The present embodiment is by changing m value 1.3, strengthened reparation charge volume, adapt to northern area reparation charging in winter (storage battery is filled ability to be reduced with temperature), eight stages that adopt " accurate two fill one puts " method is filled with after 35.40Ah electric weight storage battery 6 is surplus, and 6A discharge capacity generally can disposablely reach the technology expectation effect of nominal 12Ah.
Embodiment 4
For being usually used in the 3D180 lead accumulator of low-speed electronic tricycle, carriage, realize remote repairing.Database 1 and system control equipment 4 are arranged on system management center, and discharge equipment 2, charging device 3 are arranged on battery and repair scene, carry out remote data dock alternately by the Internet.
The condition indicating according to 3D180 (mark rule rate of discharge is 36A for 6V180Ah, 5h discharge rate, and mark rule final discharging voltage is 5.25V), it is V that system control equipment 4/ discharges and recharges the data that control appliance 7 sets for discharge equipment 2 0=5.25V, V 2=1.2V, electric discharge, the data acquisition by discharge equipment 2, realized comprise: for storage battery to be repaired is discharged to 5.25V with 36A, read and be worth T discharge time 0, in this discharge process, every 2 minutes once sampling real-time voltage values, temporary sampled data also draws as calculated discharge voltage mean value V when being discharged to 5.25V termination 01; Discharge equipment 2 dormancy, after 5 minutes, discharge and recharge control appliance 7 and continue to read the storage battery bounce voltage value V of unloaded the 301st second 1;
After this discharge process finishes, system control equipment 4 is discharged to the data of 5.25V feedback with rated current 36A according to 2 pairs of storage batterys to be repaired 6 of discharge equipment, show that front electromotive force (open-circuit voltage values) E of electric discharge of this storage battery is 6.82V, T 0value is 91 minutes, V 01value is 6.31V, V 1for 6.21V, by the Internet, feed back to system control equipment 4, by the data comparison with database 1 storage, judge that main failure mode is seriously softening as plate active material; System control equipment 4 notifies charge/discharge control appliance 7 operation suspensions by Long-distance Control, and the main failure mode that this storage battery is judged is shown, so that the dilute sulfuric acid that operator's additional pole plate die bond material and density are 1.08 is mixed, add inside battery, normal level of liquid is seen on addition to inside battery utmost point group's top.Then with man-machine conversation mode, restart, discharge and recharge control appliance 7 controlled discharge equipment 2 respectively with the current strength of 22A, 14A, 8.5A, 5A stage by stage continuous discharge to 1.2V; After deep discharge completes, discharge and recharge control appliance 7 dormancy and after 20 minutes, start charging device 3 and enter charging procedure.
System control equipment 4 is discharged to the V of 5.25V feedback according to above-mentioned 36A 01and V 1data, automatic m(1.1～1.3 of setting) get intermediate value 1.2, n(1.0～1.3) get intermediate value 1.15, by the data that store with database 1, make comparisons, for discharging and recharging provide and deliver out the reparation charge volume of this 3D180 battery of control appliance 7, be: C(Ah)=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T 0/ T nominal rating) ﹞ C nominal=﹝ 1.2 ﹢ 1.15(1-91/300) ﹞ C nominal=2.00C nominal=2.00 * 180Ah=360Ah.Again because E is 6.82V, initial low current charge is preferably set, routine 3 ladder charging data: 9A charging 3h, 18A charging 12h, the 9A charging 13h that system control equipment 4 selects database 1 to store for discharging and recharging control appliance 7 automatically, meter is repaired charge volume 360Ah, altogether 28h consuming time; After this 3D180 battery completes deep discharge the 21st minute, charging device 3, according to the charging instruction that discharges and recharges control appliance 7, was realized the reparation charging to this storage battery.Accompanying drawing 9 has marked the reparation charging I/T curve relevant with this embodiment.
Embodiment 5
Method of the present invention is also applicable to the large capacity lead storage battery that communication station is used.In another embodiment, the common large capacity 2V500Ah storage battery of communication station is carried out to remote repairing.Database 1 and system control equipment 4 are arranged on system management center, and discharge equipment 2, charging device 3 are arranged on battery and repair scene, carry out remote data dock alternately by local area network (LAN).
According to the condition of communication station UPS battery industry, these class storage battery mark rule 10h discharge rate, 500Ah storage battery mark rule rate of discharge is 50A, and conventional final discharging voltage is 1.80V, and the data that set for discharge equipment 2 are V 0=1.80V, V 2=0.50V.
In discharge process, discharge equipment 2 is discharged to 1.80V to storage battery 6 with 50A according to program, by T discharge time 0value returns to and discharges and recharges control appliance 4; In this discharge process, every 3 minutes once sampling real-time voltage values of control appliance 4, keep in sampled data and when being discharged to 1.80V termination, draw as calculated electric discharge average voltage level V 01return to system control equipment 4; Then, discharge equipment 2 dormancy 10 minutes, control appliance 4 continues to read the real-time voltage value V of storage battery 6 unloaded bounce-backs 1.
The data that system control equipment 4 is discharged to 1.80V feedback according to 2 pairs of storage batterys 6 of discharge equipment with rated current 50A, draw V 01=V 0, discharge time T 0value < 1S(records T 0=0), the dormancy unloaded bounce voltage value V of 10 minutes 1for 2.09V, judge that accordingly main failure mode is as the complete crystallization salinization of pole plate lead sulfate; System control equipment 4 notifies charge/discharge control appliance 7 operation suspensions by Long-distance Control, so that the dilute sulfuric acid that the additional anti-vulcanizing material of operator and density are 1.15 is mixed, adds inside battery, and liquid level is seen on addition to inside battery utmost point group's top.Then with man-machine conversation mode, restart, make system control equipment 4 by discharge and recharge control appliance 7 controlled discharge equipment 2 respectively with the current strength continuous discharge of 50A, 30A, 10A to 0.50V; After deep discharge completes, discharge and recharge control appliance 7 dormancy and after 30 minutes, start charging device 3 and enter charging procedure.
System control equipment 4 is discharged to the V of 1.80V feedback according to above-mentioned 50A 01and V 1data, parameter m is automatically made 1.3, n and is automatically made the upper limit 3.2, by the data that store with database 1, makes comparisons, and is: C(Ah)=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T for discharging and recharging provide and deliver out the reparation charge volume of this storage battery of control appliance 7 0/ T nominal rating) ﹞ C nominal=﹝ 1.3 ﹢ 3.2(1-0/600) ﹞ C nominal=4.5C nominal=4.5 * 500Ah=2250Ah.Because V 01=V 0, T 0< 1S, automatically select little electric current initiation of charge, from database 1, selected for ten stages 8 filled 2 and put data and the instruction that repair mode is relevant: the 25A 2h that charges, the 100A 6h that charges, the 50A 6h that charges, the 50A 1h that discharges, the 100A 4h that charges, (dormancy) 0.5h intermittently, the 100A 2h that charges, the 50A 8h that charges, the 50A 2h that discharges, the 50A 5h that charges, the 25A 8h that charges, amount to and repair surplus charge volume 2250Ah, repair 44.5h consuming time, discharge and recharge control appliance 7 and complete deep discharge program the 31st minute at this battery, controlling charging device 3 realizes and repairs charging storage battery according to this program command.In Figure 10, marked the I/T curve of the reparation charge volume 2250Ah relevant with the present embodiment.
The present embodiment is generally filled with after 2250Ah electric weight according to program, and 50A electric discharge can reach the technology expectation effect of nominal capacity; For some, in use too high, the environment for use temperature four seasons difference of charger constant voltage value is large and charger does not configure the storage battery of charging constant voltage value temperature-compensating, failure mode likely follows pole plate seriously softening, in this situation, should continue as the specialist additive that storage battery adds curable pole plate lattice, detection electric discharge described in repetition the present embodiment, deep discharge and the corresponding quantitatively process of charging, make storage battery keep preferably the capacity of repairing.
Embodiment 6
Charging/discharging thereof of the present invention is equally applicable to lithium ion battery.In the present embodiment, the large capacity 2V120Ah ferric phosphate lithium cell pack module of used for electric vehicle is carried out to remote repairing.Database 1 and system control equipment 4 are arranged on system management center, and discharge equipment 2, charging device 3 are arranged on battery and repair scene, carry out remote data dock alternately by local area network (LAN).
The general electromotive force 3.6V of ferric phosphate lithium cell, the general nominal voltage 3.2～3.3V of manufacturer, electric automobile lithium battery industry mark rule 3h discharge rate, 120Ah storage battery mark rule rate of discharge is 40A, conventional final discharging voltage V 0be 2.75～2.90V.The present embodiment is that the data that discharge equipment 2 sets are V 0=2.90V, V 2=2.50V.In discharge process, discharge equipment 2 according to program to this ferric phosphate lithium cell respectively with the current strength continuous discharge of 40A, 20A, 10A, 5A to 2.50V, dormancy recharged after 15 minutes.
Though the ferric phosphate lithium cell of routine techniques manufacture exceeds pressure limiting, overcharge non-explosive, but be only the lithium ion battery of relative other kind, therefore repair charging and adopt the current-limiting charge mode of marking rule constant voltage, be set to this ferric phosphate lithium cell constant voltage 4.2V current limliting 18A charging, under the restrictive condition in constant voltage, charging current naturally drops to and be less than 1.2A or charging interval and reach 24 hours and be considered as being full of.In the present embodiment, repair charge volume and repair consuming time and be to be determined by this ferric phosphate lithium cell internal state, by inside, filled state and automatically select.In Figure 11, marked the V/T curve of the reparation charging relevant with the present embodiment.
It is more than the explanation to storage battery restorative procedure of the present invention.Said method not only can, for the reparation of single storage battery, also can be repaired the batteries being comprised of a plurality of storage batterys.When repairing batteries, as a kind of preferred implementation, when carrying out discharge operation, each battery discharge in batteries, to same benchmark, is then showed to T by numerous through deep discharge 0and V 1battery strings is roughly the same unified into one group of charging, like this control of repairing quality consistency, product combo, raising remediation efficiency is had to greater advantage.
The common professional person that lead accumulator method of manufacturing technology is slightly understood in depth, is not difficult on technical solutions according to the invention basis, is out of shape with drawing inferences about other cases from one instance and implements content of the present invention.Technical solutions according to the invention, are not only applicable to electric bicycle and batteries of electric automobile reparation, are equally applicable to the storage battery of communication station UPS storage battery, wind energy and solar energy storage storage battery and other kind; Of the present invention with rated current I edischarge characteristic data T 0, V 01and V 1the basic technical scheme that the feature charging quantitative approach of correspondence design, battery are repaired deep discharge, and the derivative technology distortion enforcement of the present invention program, all should be put into protection scope of the present invention.
Apparatus and method of the present invention, except can the reparation for lead accumulator, also can be used for polytype batteries such as lithium battery, Ni-MH battery, and its Method And Principle is not only confined to lead accumulator, electromotive force E before described electric discharge, are discharged to final voltage V 0time T 0and at T 0the electric discharge average voltage level V of time 01, be discharged to V 0rear no-load running T 1the real-time voltage value V of time 1etc. concept, all can use according to dissimilar cell translation concept, the value of only dissimilar battery is different.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is modified or is equal to replacement, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. can realize an accumulator repairing system for Long-distance Control, it is characterized in that, comprise database (1), system control equipment (4), discharge and recharge control appliance (7), discharge equipment (2) and charging device (3); Wherein, described charging device (3) is connected respectively to described discharging and recharging on control appliance (7) with positive and negative end, inside that discharge equipment (2) outside is connected to storage battery to be repaired (6), the described control appliance (7) that discharges and recharges is connected with system control equipment (4) by communication network (5), and described system control equipment (4) is connected with described database (1);
Described discharge equipment (2) according to described in discharge and recharge the instruction that control appliance (7) sends described storage battery (6) carried out to discharge operation, and return to corresponding data to described charging/discharging apparatus (7); Described data comprise: described storage battery (6) is to mark rule rated current I ebe discharged to mark rule final voltage V 0the time value T of time feedback 0, at T 0the electric discharge average voltage level V of time 01and be discharged to V 0time suspend T discharge time 1the real-time voltage value V of feedback 1; Wherein, described T 1value be 0.5～5%T nominal rating;
Described charging device (3) according to described in discharge and recharge the instruction that control appliance (7) sends described storage battery (6) carried out to charging operations, described charging operations comprises the electric weight that is filled with appointment to described storage battery (6);
Described discharge and recharge command that control appliance (7) sends described system control equipment (4) to described discharge equipment (2) or charging device (3), the transfer of data of also described discharge equipment (2) being returned is to described system control equipment (4);
Described system control equipment (4) is according to the T of feedback 0, V 01and V 1value reads reparation charge volume C stored in described database (1) and described T 0, V 01, V 1between corresponding relation, according to this corresponding relation, select repair mode, the corresponding order of selected repair mode is read and is sent to described charging device (3) by the described control appliance (7) that discharges and recharges from described database (1); Wherein, described reparation charge volume C and described T 0, V 01, V 1between corresponding relation be C=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T 0/ T nominal rating) ﹞ C nominal; Wherein, m=1.1～1.3; N=1.0～3.5, its span is by V 01and V 1value jointly determine;
Described I e, V 0, T nominal ratingwith C nominalknown value for national technical standard regulation.
2. the accumulator repairing system that can realize Long-distance Control according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described database (1) forms remote control terminal with system control equipment (4), described discharge and recharge control appliance (7), discharge equipment (2) and charging device (3) form the local end of repairing, and described remote control terminal can be controlled at least one local end of repairing.
3. the accumulator repairing system that can realize Long-distance Control according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described communication network is the Internet or is local area network (LAN).
4. a storage battery restorative procedure of realizing on the accumulator repairing system that can realize Long-distance Control based on one of claim 1-3 Suo Shu, comprising:
Step 1), the constant voltage and current limiting mode of take are full of electricity as storage battery to be repaired, and then standing, time of repose is greater than 10 minutes;
Step 2), set with I eintensity, final voltage V 0detect electric discharge, electromotive force E before being discharged, be discharged to final voltage V 0time T 0, at T 0the electric discharge average voltage level V of time 01and be discharged to V 0rear no-load running T 1the real-time voltage value V of time bounce-back 1;
Step 3), according to step 2) resulting data determine storage battery to be repaired are repaired to needed reparation charge volume C while charging;
Step 4), according to step 2) data of the reparation charge volume C that obtains of the data that obtain and step 3) charge stage by stage, realize the reparation to storage battery.
5. storage battery restorative procedure according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in described step 2) afterwards, before step 4), also comprising step a): according to step 2) data that obtain determine the failure mode of storage battery to be repaired, according to different failure modes, be that storage battery adds repair materials, and supply electrolyte for storage battery.
6. storage battery restorative procedure according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in described step a), described is that storage battery to be repaired adds repair materials according to different failure modes, and lead accumulator is comprised:
Step a-1), when storage battery to be repaired meets the mono-lattice of E < 2.15V/, V 01the mono-lattice of≤1.98V/, V 1when in three features of the mono-lattice of < 2.00V/ two or three, execution step a-2); When storage battery to be repaired meets the mono-lattice of E > 2.23V/, V 01the mono-lattice of > 2.02V/, V 1when in three features of the mono-lattice of > 2.05V/ two or three, execution step a-3); Non-above-mentioned two states performance, execution step a-4);
Step a-2), be the repair materials of the additional anti-pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization of storage battery to be repaired, then finish the operation of this step;
Step a-3), be the softening repair materials of the additional inhibition plate active material of storage battery to be repaired, then finish the operation of this step;
Step a-4), be first additional anti-vulcanizing material of storage battery to be repaired, by charging, administer pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization, and then additional die bond material is administered plate active material by charging and is softened.
7. storage battery restorative procedure according to claim 4, is characterized in that described step 2) comprising:
Step 2-1), by storage battery to be repaired with rated current intensity I ebe discharged to V 0, record T discharge time 0; If E < is V 0, record and be worth T discharge time 0=0;
Step 2-2), at storage battery with electric current I ebe discharged to V 0in process, continuous sampling storage battery is at T 0the real-time voltage value of discharge time, calculates sample mean V according to sampled result 01and store recording;
Step 2-3), by storage battery to be repaired with I ecurrent strength is discharged to V 0time, unloaded T 1time, record is the real-time voltage value V of bounce-back now 1;
Step 2-4), to storage battery deep discharge to be repaired to V 2, then the intensity of discharging current is successively decreased stage by stage and is continued deep discharge to V 2, V 2≤ 80%V 0/ mono-lattice; Wherein, the intensity of described discharging current is successively decreased and is comprised stage by stage: I e1/2 decile of current strength successively decreases, or successively decreases with arbitrary form, more than the exponent number that successively decreases arranges 1 rank.
8. according to the storage battery restorative procedure described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: the reparation charge volume C(Ah of described step 3)), with described T 0, V 1between corresponding relation be C=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T 0/ T nominal rating) ﹞ C nominal; M=1.1～1.3 wherein, n=1.0～3.5, the span of n according to storage battery kind in conjunction with V 01, V 1value interval and determine; Lead accumulator is comprised:
I, storage battery V to be repaired 01during the mono-lattice of≤1.98V/, n value 2.5～3.2: wherein, V 1n value 2.9～3.5 during the mono-lattice of < 2.0V/, V 1n value 2.5～2.8 during the mono-lattice of>=2.0V/;
Ii, storage battery V to be repaired 01during the mono-lattice of > 2.02V/, n value 1.0～1.8: wherein, V 1n value 1.0～1.3 during the mono-lattice of>=2.05V/, V 1n value 1.3～1.8 during the mono-lattice of < 2.05V/;
When iii, non-above-mentioned two kinds of typicalnesses performance, n value 1.8～2.5.
9. storage battery restorative procedure according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described step 4) comprises lead accumulator:
Step 4-1), according to the V of battery to be repaired 01, V 1electromotive force E before value is discharged in conjunction with detection chooses the current strength of initial charge, for E < V 0, V 01﹦ V 0or V 1the storage battery to be repaired of the mono-lattice of > 2.10V/, employing≤0.06C/A carries out initial charge, initial charge 0.5～4 hour or charge to the mono-lattice of both end voltage>=2.0V/ of storage battery, then shift step 4-2); The storage battery to be repaired of non-above-mentioned situation directly carries out step 4-2) charging;
Step 4-2), to storage battery to be repaired with 0.08～0.2C/A current charges, until be filled with by discharge data T 0, V 01, V 170～95% of common definite C/Ah charge volume, then shift step 4-3); This step charging is divided into two or more stages, and between different phase, interval arranges low current charge and the shallow discharge that dormancy, charging current are less than or equal to 0.03C/A;
Step 4-3), to storage battery to be repaired with 0.03～0.06C/A low current charge, until be filled with the electric weight of 100%C/Ah, make storage battery recover normal capacity.
10. storage battery restorative procedure according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the shallow discharge setting in charging process is once or once, the current strength≤I of shallow discharge e, discharge electricity amount≤0.5C/Ah; When shallow discharge is set, this negative charge volume supplements back at after-stage charging moderate, described by C=﹝ m ﹢ n(T nominal rating﹣ T 0)/T nominal rating﹞ C nominalthe surplus charge volume of definite reparation is constant.
CN201210257920.2A 2012-07-24 2012-07-24 A kind of accumulator repairing system and restorative procedure thereof that can realize Long-distance Control Expired - Fee Related CN103579690B (en)

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CN107863577A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-03-30 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 BBU capacity restorative procedure and system in a kind of storage system
CN111497684A (en) * 2019-01-31 2020-08-07 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 Power battery system, repairing method and device thereof, BMS (battery management system) and automobile
CN112865269A (en) * 2021-04-08 2021-05-28 国网湖北省电力有限公司随州供电公司 Intelligent online monitoring, maintaining and managing system for storage battery

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EP1786057A2 (en) * 2005-11-14 2007-05-16 Hitachi Vehicle Energy, Ltd. Secondary battery and battery management
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CN106410884A (en) * 2016-06-14 2017-02-15 杭州莱力置能电源有限公司 Control device and control method for charging and discharging motor
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CN111497684A (en) * 2019-01-31 2020-08-07 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 Power battery system, repairing method and device thereof, BMS (battery management system) and automobile
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