CN107814581A - 一种耐火砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐火砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107814581A
CN107814581A CN201711112429.XA CN201711112429A CN107814581A CN 107814581 A CN107814581 A CN 107814581A CN 201711112429 A CN201711112429 A CN 201711112429A CN 107814581 A CN107814581 A CN 107814581A
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蒋艳玲
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐火砖及其制备方法，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉5‑10份、氧化铝10‑20份、粘结剂5‑10份、黏土100‑150份、硅酸盐5‑10份、润滑剂3‑15份、铁矿石粉10‑15份、煤渣粉20‑50份、回收塑料粉30‑50份。所述方法包括如下步骤，(1)将上述各原料成分按重量分数混合均匀，加入总质量2‑5倍的水进行搅拌均匀得到原料混合物；(2)将步骤(1)原料混合物采用挤砖机挤出得到一块块规格一致的方砖；(3)将步骤(2)所得的方砖在窑炉内进行烧结，烧结温度在300‑500℃。本发明的有益效果在于采用添加粘结剂使得使得耐火砖的成分粘结更紧固，更易成型，加入润滑剂使得各原料在混合时阻力更小，相互之间更加致密，能适应一定的热胀冷缩。

Description

一种耐火砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料领域，尤其涉及一种耐火砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
耐火砖作为一种重工业中的一种重要材料，在冶炼行业、玻璃制造行业以及窑炉中都需要耐火砖作为内层衬底，目前耐火砖在使用寿命不长，且比重大，强度低，烧结能力差。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种比重小，烧结能力强，使用寿命长，耐受温度高的耐火砖及其制备方法
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是：一种耐火砖，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉5-10份、氧化铝10-20份、粘结剂5-10份、黏土100-150份、硅酸盐5-10份、润滑剂3-15份、铁矿石粉10-15份、煤渣粉20-50份、回收塑料粉30-50份。
优选的，一种耐火砖，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉8份、氧化铝15份、粘结剂8份、黏土125份、硅酸盐8份、润滑剂9份、铁矿石粉12份、煤渣粉35份、回收塑料粉40份。
上述技术方案中所述润滑剂为阴离子表面活性剂。
上述技术方案中所述粘结剂为环氧树脂粘结剂、聚氨酯粘结剂、聚酰亚胺粘结剂、尼龙酚醛热熔粘结剂中的一种或多种的混合物。
上述技术方案中所述硅酸盐为硅酸钙、硅酸钠、硅酸钾中一种或多种的混合物。
上述各原料成分粒径在0.5mm以下。
上述所述耐火砖的制备方法，包括如下步骤，(1)将上述各原料成分按重量分数混合均匀，加入总质量2-5倍的水进行搅拌均匀得到原料混合物；
(2)将步骤(1)原料混合物采用挤砖机挤出得到一块块规格一致的方砖；
(3)将步骤(2)所得的方砖在窑炉内进行烧结，烧结温度在300-500℃。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于采用添加粘结剂使得使得耐火砖的成分粘结更紧固，更易成型，加入润滑剂使得各原料在混合时阻力更小，相互之间更加致密，便于后期挤出和烧结，在耐火砖在后期时，相邻的砖块灰黏连一起，使得衬底成为一个整体，且其韧性较好，能适应一定的热胀冷缩。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种耐火砖，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉5份、氧化铝10份、粘结剂5份、黏土100份、硅酸盐5份、润滑剂3份、铁矿石粉10份、煤渣粉20份、回收塑料粉30份。
上述实施例中所述润滑剂为阴离子表面活性剂。
上述实施例中所述粘结剂为环氧树脂粘结剂。
上述实施例中所述硅酸盐为硅酸钙。
上述各原料成分粒径在0.5mm以下。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种耐火砖，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉10份、氧化铝20份、粘结剂10份、黏土150份、硅酸盐10份、润滑剂15份、铁矿石粉15份、煤渣粉50份、回收塑料粉50份。
上述实施例中所述润滑剂为阴离子表面活性剂。
上述实施例中所述粘结剂为环氧树脂粘结剂。
上述实施例中所述硅酸盐为硅酸钙。
上述各原料成分粒径在0.5mm以下。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种耐火砖，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉8份、氧化铝15份、粘结剂8份、黏土125份、硅酸盐8份、润滑剂9份，铁矿石粉12份、煤渣粉35份，回收塑料粉40份。
上述实施例中所述润滑剂为阴离子表面活性剂。
上述实施例中所述粘结剂为环氧树脂粘结剂。
上述实施例中所述硅酸盐为硅酸钙。
上述各原料成分粒径在0.5mm以下。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种耐火砖，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉8份、氧化铝15份、粘结剂8份、黏土125份、硅酸盐8份、润滑剂9份、铁矿石粉12份、煤渣粉35份、回收塑料粉40份。
上述实施例中所述润滑剂为阴离子表面活性剂。
上述实施例中所述粘结剂为环氧树脂粘结剂和聚氨酯粘结剂的混合物。
上述实施例中所述硅酸盐为硅酸钙和硅酸钠的混合物。
上述各原料成分粒径在0.5mm以下。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种耐火砖，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉8份、氧化铝15份、粘结剂8份、黏土125份、硅酸盐8份、润滑剂9份、铁矿石粉12份、煤渣粉35份、回收塑料粉40份。
上述实施例中所述润滑剂为阴离子表面活性剂。
上述实施例中所述粘结剂为环氧树脂粘结剂、聚氨酯粘结剂、聚酰亚胺粘结剂、尼龙酚醛热熔粘结剂的混合物。
上述实施例中所述硅酸盐为硅酸钙、硅酸钠、硅酸钾的混合物。
上述各原料成分粒径在0.5mm以下。
上述各实施例中所述润滑剂为十二烷基磺酸钠。
上述实施例1-5中各原料配方分别按照如下方法制得成品耐火砖，(1)将上述各原料成分按重量分数混合均匀，加入总质量4倍的水进行搅拌均匀得到原料混合物；(2)将步骤(1)原料混合物采用挤砖机挤出得到一块块规格一致的方砖；(3)将步骤(2)所得的方砖在窑炉内进行烧结，烧结温度在300℃、400℃、500℃三个温度下分别烧结，即每个实施例对应三个不同温度的烧结的成品砖。
对照例1
本对照例提供了一种耐火砖，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉1份、氧化铝5份、粘结剂1份、黏土50份、硅酸盐1份、润滑剂1份、铁矿石粉5份、煤渣粉10份、回收塑料粉20份。
本对照例所述润滑剂为阴离子表面活性剂。
本对照例所述粘结剂为环氧树脂粘结剂和聚氨酯粘结剂的混合物。
本对照例所述硅酸盐为硅酸钙、硅酸钠和硅酸钾的混合物。
上述各原料成分粒径在0.5mm以下。
对照例2
本对照例提供了一种耐火砖，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉15份、氧化铝30份、粘结剂15份、黏土170份、硅酸盐15份、润滑剂20份、铁矿石粉20份、煤渣粉60份、回收塑料粉60份。
本对照例所述润滑剂为阴离子表面活性剂。
本对照例所述粘结剂为环氧树脂粘结剂、聚氨酯粘结剂、聚酰亚胺粘结剂、尼龙酚醛热熔粘结剂中的一种或多种的混合物。
本对照例所述硅酸盐为硅酸钙、硅酸钠、硅酸钾中一种或多种的混合物。
上述各原料成分粒径在0.5-1mm之间。
将对照例1和对照例2的原料按照如下方法制成成品砖，(1)将上述各原料成分按重量分数混合均匀，加入总质量4倍的水进行搅拌均匀得到原料混合物；(2)将步骤(1)原料混合物采用挤砖机挤出得到一块块规格一致的方砖；(3)将步骤(2)所得的方砖在窑炉内进行烧结，烧结温度在200℃、400℃、600℃三个温度下分别烧结，即每个实施例对应三个不同温度的烧结的成品砖。
分析，实施例1-5所制成的耐火砖的耐受温度值为1500℃，比重为1.7-2.3kg/dm3，而对照例1-2的耐火砖的耐受温度值为1200℃，比重为2.7-3.2kg/dm3。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种耐火砖，其特征在于，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉5-10份、氧化铝10-20份、粘结剂5-10份、黏土100-150份、硅酸盐5-10份、润滑剂3-15份、铁矿石粉10-15份、煤渣粉20-50份、回收塑料粉30-50份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐火砖，其特征在于，按重量组分计包括如下原料组分：高铝耐火骨料100份、镁砂细粉8份、氧化铝15份、粘结剂8份、黏土125份、硅酸盐8份、润滑剂9份、铁矿石粉12份、煤渣粉35份、回收塑料粉40份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的耐火砖，其特征在于，所述润滑剂为阴离子表面活性剂。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的耐火砖，其特征在于，所述粘结剂为环氧树脂粘结剂、聚氨酯粘结剂、聚酰亚胺粘结剂、尼龙酚醛热熔粘结剂中的一种或多种的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的耐火砖，其特征在于，所述硅酸盐为硅酸钙、硅酸钠、硅酸钾中一种或多种的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的耐火砖，其特征在于，上述各原料成分粒径在0.5mm以下。
7.一种如权利要求1-6中任一项所述耐火砖的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤，(1)将上述各原料成分按重量分数混合均匀，加入总质量2-5倍的水进行搅拌均匀得到原料混合物；(2)将步骤(1)原料混合物采用挤砖机挤出得到一块块规格一致的方砖；(3)将步骤(2)所得的方砖在窑炉内进行烧结，烧结温度在300-500℃。
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