CN107806350A - A kind of submerged tunnel the minimum depth determines method - Google Patents
A kind of submerged tunnel the minimum depth determines method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107806350A CN107806350A CN201710894330.3A CN201710894330A CN107806350A CN 107806350 A CN107806350 A CN 107806350A CN 201710894330 A CN201710894330 A CN 201710894330A CN 107806350 A CN107806350 A CN 107806350A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of submerged tunnel the minimum depth to determine method, consider the Scheme of Strengthening in submerged tunnel design process and influence of the construction segment partition scheme to edpth of tunnel in work progress, the vertical section in tunnel is primarily determined that according to the gradient of the wiring condition at submerged tunnel engineering both ends and circuit first, then select the key sections in tunnel, calculate the minimum depth that reinforcing condition ShiShimonoseki key section ensures safety for tunnel engineering, while calculate the water percolating capacity of operation phase after tunnel reinforcement, when calculating gained water percolating capacity less than tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity control standard, identified buried depth is the minimum depth in tunnel.It is determined that tunnel the minimum depth when bed rearrangement tunnel all key sections be both needed to the requirement that meets the minimum depth.The present invention can also suitably reduce construction costs on the premise of safety for tunnel engineering is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of determination method of submerged tunnel the minimum depth, and in particular to a kind of tunneling mining method construction
The method of submerged tunnel the minimum depth.
Background technology
Construction and Influence to operation of the buried depth of submerged tunnel to engineering are very big, be influence tunnel cost and safety it is most important
One of design parameter.Edpth of tunnel is bigger, and the wiring needed for tunnel two sides is longer, and construction costs sharply increases, and unfavorable
In the linking of tunnel and two sides existing line；Edpth of tunnel is more shallow, and the risk that constructing tunnel produces landslide gushing water is higher, operation
The stage water-pumping/draining expense in tunnel can also sharply increase.
Mainly have to the determination method of submerged tunnel boring construction the minimum depth both at home and abroad at present following several.
(1) Koi carp method.The minimum water yield method of Japan is the determination submerged tunnel rock cover thickness being widely adopted
One of method.For specific geological conditions and determine tunnel excavation section configuration, the method be under the seawater of given depth,
Corresponding overlying strata thickness is the rock cover thickness of economic security during Tunnel Seepage minimum.
(2) Norway's empirical method.Norway draws the warp of submerged tunnel the minimum depth according to built seabed tunnel experience, statistics
Curve is tested, and by contrasting preferable country rock and poor country rock respectively, it is determined that submerged tunnel minimum overlying rock thickness
With sea water advanced relation.
(3) water coal-mining method is pushed up.Use for reference the safe water-proof coal column method for determining height of domestic underwater mining.Safe water-proof coal column
Minimum constructive height should be more than water flowing fractured zone (the tunnel surrounding zone of fracture) highly with protective layer thickness sum, safe water-proof coal column
The determination of height is determined using empirical equation.
(4) least displacement method.This method think vault sinking amount most can reflect tunnel excavation caused by surrouding rock deformation with it is steady
Qualitative situation, for submerged tunnel section, with the increase of overburden cover, crown displacement is first to reduce, and rear increase, is existed
Minimum value, therefore, corresponding cladding thickness is exactly rational minimum vertex-covering thickness degree during by crown displacement minimum.
(5) Analytical hierarchy process.This method is to ask one group of expert to carry out the factor for influenceing submerged tunnel the minimum depth
Evaluation, according to the judgement of expert, provides judgment weights, obtains the importance factor of the minimum depth, provide distinct methods
Weights, after weighted analysis finally determine submerged tunnel the minimum depth.
(6) weight-function method.This method is determined not according to the determination method of existing different submerged tunnel the minimum depths first
With the respective buried depth of method, then consider the different weights of distinct methods, finally determine final tunnel the minimum depth, it is provided
The weight of numerical computation 0.5, the weight of top hydromining coal value 0.3 and the minimum weight of water burst value 0.2, aggregative weighted determine that minimum is buried
It is deep.
On the whole, at present both at home and abroad the determination method of submerged tunnel the minimum depth mainly based on engineering experience method, and
It is aided with appropriate numerical computations, does not account for the reinforcement measure in submerged tunnel design during the determination of buried depth mostly and apply
Influence of the work method to construction safety, cause determine submerged tunnel buried depth it is bigger than normal, document [7] is proposed based on engineering measure
Submerged tunnel the minimum depth determines method, but the submerged tunnel security wherein using numerical computation method to consideration engineering measure
Calculating analysis is carried out, is not easy to field engineering application, and its computational accuracy is influenceed by computation model and calculating parameter, can not
Meet that China's submerged tunnel builds fast-developing needs.
The determination method of existing submerged tunnel the minimum depth is to be primarily based on the minimum depth that empirical method determines tunnel,
Then carry out the design of tunnel structure and tunnel two sides wiring position, edpth of tunnel really timing do not consider reinforcement measure and
The influence of arrangement and method for construction.Develop a kind of submerged tunnel the minimum depth of new consideration reinforcing coefficient and blocking factor and determine method
It is urgent need.
Bibliography：
[1] Lv Ming,E, Nilsen B, Melby K. Norwegian Experience in Subsea Tunnelling Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering
.2005；24(23):4219-4225.
[2] Li Shucai, Xu Bangshu, Ding Wantao, the weight-function method ground power of method for minimum rock cover above submarine tunnel is waited
Learn .2009,30 (4):989-996
[3]Li Xibing,Li Diyuan,Liu Zhixiang.Determination of the minimum
thickness of crown pillar for safe exploitation of a subsea gold mine based
on numerical modelling.International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining
Sciences.2013,57:42–56
[4] Japanese plum sincere feeling, Li Shucai, Zhang Jingwei, numerical methods are waited to determine that method for minimum rock cover above submarine tunnel is studied
[J] Geotechnical Engineering journal .2006,28 (10):1304-1308
[5] Japanese plum sincere feeling, Zhang Jingwei, Li Shucai, Displacement convergence [J] rocks of method for minimum rock cover above submarine tunnel are waited
Soil mechanics .2007,28 (7):1443-1447
[6] Zhang Yu, Zhou Jiannan, discipline rush step analysis decision-making technique of the seabed tunnels rock covering thickness based on group
[J] Geotechnical Engineering journal .2010,32 (4):638-644
[7] Shi Chenghua, Song Yi, Peng Limin etc., a kind of submerged tunnel the minimum depth based on control methods of projects determine
Method, national inventing patent：ZL 201210110410.2
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are, in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, providing a kind of submerged tunnel the minimum depth
Method is determined, overcomes the determination of existing submerged tunnel the minimum depth (overburden cover) only to consider the intensity of tunnel surrounding in itself,
It is difficult to consider the defects of tunnel reinforcement measure and arrangement and method for construction determine to influence on safety for tunnel engineering and buried depth.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of submerged tunnel the minimum depth determines
Method, the main implementation process of this method are：It is preliminary true according to the wiring condition at submerged tunnel engineering both ends and the gradient of circuit
Determine the vertical section in tunnel, then select the key sections in tunnel, be calculated as follows and consider to ensure under the conditions of reinforcing and construction piecemeal
The minimum depth h of safety for tunnel engineering：
Wherein a is the actual the thickness of the layer of tunnel top, and s is rock covering thickness, and H is tunnel top head height,
Unit is m；B is tunnel width, unit m；N is the excavation block count in cross section during constructing tunnel；fjFor tunnel after reinforcing
The weighting Pu Shi strength factors of basement rock at the top of road.
fjCalculation formula it is as follows：
Wherein, s1、f1The height and Pu Shi strength factors of rock stratum, s are reinforced for tunnel top2、f2It is unguyed for tunnel top
The height and Pu Shi strength factors of rock stratum.
It is maximum that the key sections include the minimum section of the most deep section of water level, underwater buried depth, submerged tunnel span
Section and the worst section of underwater wall rock condition.
Further contemplate the influence that phase water percolating capacity is runed it after tunnel reinforcement during the minimum depth for determining submerged tunnel, under
Formula calculates the water percolating capacity Q that the phase is runed after submerged tunnel is reinforced：
Wherein, H is tunnel top head height, klFor first branch infiltration coefficient；kgFor injecting cement paste infiltration coefficient；krFor country rock
Infiltration coefficient, r0For lining cutting internal diameter, r1For lining cutting external diameter, rgFor Grouting Circle radius, r2For tunnel radius and overburden cover it
With；
When calculating gained water percolating capacity Q less than tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity control standard, identified buried depth is tunnel
The minimum depth, when calculate gained water percolating capacity Q be more than tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity control standard when, increase tunnel reinforcement circle
Thickness or increase tunnel buried depth, re-start calculatings, until meet tunnel run phase water percolating capacity control standard untill.
The standard that controls of submerged tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity is that the daily average water percolating capacity in every linear meter(lin.m.) tunnel is 0.432m3。
All key sections in bed rearrangement tunnel are satisfied by the requirement of the minimum depth.
In the present invention, reinforcement measure is advanced curtain-grouting and per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe, to form slip casting in tunnel perimeter
Fixing collar, working measure refer to the excavation span that tunnel is reduced using the method for partial excavation.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect of present invention is that：The present invention is first according to the wiring of tunnel two sides
Condition primarily determines that the vertical section in tunnel, the influence of reinforcement measure and arrangement and method for construction is then considered, by reinforcing coefficient and piecemeal
Coefficient determines the minimum depth of tunnel key section, determine therefrom that the final buried depth in tunnel, under water tunnel the minimum depth
The effect of true timing considerations reinforcement measure and arrangement and method for construction, by the use of reinforcement measure and arrangement and method for construction, reduce submerged tunnel
The minimum depth, shorten the length of submerged tunnel, be easy to the linking of the same existing road in tunnel two sides, to give full play to the friendship in tunnel
It is logical to discongest function, on the premise of safety for tunnel engineering is ensured, suitably reduce construction costs.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that submerged tunnel the minimum depth of the present invention determines method；
Water seepage of tunnel amount calculates schematic diagram under the conditions of Fig. 2 positions present invention reinforces；
In figure：1-height of water level, 2-riverbed, 3-tunnel reinforcement circle, 4-tunnel, 5-tunnel-liner, 6-country rock, A,
B-tunnel's entrance and exit, h-submerged tunnel the minimum depth.
Embodiment
The present invention considers the construction of submerged tunnel under the conditions of tunnel perimeter country rock pre-reinforcement and different arrangement and method for construction
Security, the wiring condition at tunnel both ends, the water percolating capacity in tunnel determine the minimum depth in tunnel.First according to submerged tunnel work
The wiring condition at journey both ends and the gradient of circuit primarily determine that the vertical section in tunnel, then select the key sections in tunnel, meter
Calculation considers the minimum depth of guarantee safety for tunnel engineering under the conditions of reinforcing and construction piecemeal.Simultaneously it is determined that the minimum of submerged tunnel
The influence that phase water percolating capacity is runed it after tunnel reinforcement is further contemplated during buried depth, calculates the water percolating capacity that the phase is runed after tunnel reinforcement, when
When calculating gained water percolating capacity less than tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity control standard, identified buried depth is the minimum depth in tunnel,
When the water percolating capacity for calculating gained is more than the control standard of tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity, increase thickness or the increasing of tunnel reinforcement circle
Add the buried depth in tunnel, re-start calculating, untill meeting the control standard of tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity.It is determined that tunnel
All key sections in bed rearrangement tunnel are both needed to the requirement for meeting the minimum depth during the minimum depth.
(1) referring to Fig. 1, according to the wiring condition (earth point position A and B) of submerged tunnel engineering two sides and the slope of circuit
Degree primarily determines that the vertical section in tunnel.
(2) according to the tunnel profile primarily determined that, the key sections for choosing tunnel are analyzed, and specifically include water level most
The minimum section of deep section, underwater buried depth, the maximum section of submerged tunnel span and the worst section of underwater wall rock condition.
(3) tunnel specifically advanced curtain-grouting and per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe reinforcing side is determined according to the wall rock condition in tunnel
Case and grouting and reinforcing parameter, and determine that specific constructing tunnel excavates segment partition scheme.
(4) calculate consider to reinforce and construction piecemeal under the conditions of ensure the minimum depth of safety for tunnel engineering, it is specific use with
Lower method is calculated：
Wherein a is the actual the thickness of the layer of tunnel top, and s is rock covering thickness, and H is tunnel top head height
(m)；B is tunnel width (m)；N is the excavation block count in cross section during constructing tunnel；fjFor tunnel top basement rock after reinforcing
Weighting Pu Shi strength factors, its value is：
Wherein s1、f1The height and Pu Shi strength factors of rock stratum, s are reinforced for tunnel top2、f2It is unguyed for tunnel top
The height and Pu Shi strength factors of rock stratum.
(4) on the basis of tunnel the minimum depth determined above, referring to Fig. 2, oozing for phase is runed after calculating tunnel reinforcement
Whether water meets tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity control standard, is specifically calculated as the following formula：
Wherein Q is water percolating capacity, and H is underground flood peak height, klFor first branch infiltration coefficient；kgFor injecting cement paste infiltration coefficient；krFor
Country rock infiltration coefficient, r0For lining cutting internal diameter, r1For lining cutting external diameter, rgFor Grouting Circle radius, r2For tunnel radius and overburden cover
Sum.
(5) judge whether the water percolating capacity of tunnel operation phase after reinforcing meets that the daily average water percolating capacity in every linear meter(lin.m.) tunnel is
0.432m3Operational requirements, when calculate gained water percolating capacity be less than tunnel operation the phase water percolating capacity control standard when, identified buried depth
The as the minimum depth in tunnel, when the water percolating capacity for calculating gained is more than the control standard of tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity, increase tunnel
The thickness of road fixing collar or the buried depth for increasing tunnel, re-start calculating, the control until meeting tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity
Untill standard.
(6) when when bed rearrangement tunnel, all key sections are both needed to the requirement for meeting the minimum depth, the buried depth in identified tunnel
The minimum depth as under the conditions of submerged tunnel reinforcing.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of submerged tunnel the minimum depth determines method, it is characterised in that the main implementation process of this method is：According to underwater tunnel
The wiring condition at road engineering both ends and the gradient of circuit, the vertical section in tunnel is primarily determined that, the key for then selecting tunnel is broken
Face, the minimum depth h of guarantee safety for tunnel engineering under the conditions of the piecemeal that considers to reinforce and construct is calculated as follows：
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Wherein a is the actual the thickness of the layer of tunnel top, and s is rock covering thickness, and H is tunnel top head height, unit
For m；B is tunnel width, unit m；N is the excavation block count in cross section during constructing tunnel；fjFor tunnel top after reinforcing
The weighting Pu Shi strength factors of portion's basement rock.
2. submerged tunnel the minimum depth according to claim 1 determines method, it is characterised in that fjCalculation formula it is as follows：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>f</mi>
<mi>j</mi>
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<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
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<mi>s</mi>
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Wherein, s1、f1The height and Pu Shi strength factors of rock stratum, s are reinforced for tunnel top2、f2For the unguyed rock stratum of tunnel top
Height and Pu Shi strength factors.
3. submerged tunnel the minimum depth according to claim 1 determines method, it is characterised in that the key sections include
The minimum section of the most deep section of water level, underwater buried depth, the maximum section of submerged tunnel span and underwater wall rock condition are worst
Section.
4. submerged tunnel the minimum depth according to claim 1 determines method, it is characterised in that determines submerged tunnel most
The influence that phase water percolating capacity is runed it after tunnel reinforcement is further contemplated during small buried depth, is calculated after submerged tunnel is reinforced and runed using following formula
The water percolating capacity Q of phase：
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Wherein, H is tunnel top head height, klFor first branch infiltration coefficient；kgFor injecting cement paste infiltration coefficient；krPermeated for country rock
Coefficient, r0For lining cutting internal diameter, r1For lining cutting external diameter, rgFor Grouting Circle radius, r2For tunnel radius and overburden cover sum；
When calculating gained water percolating capacity Q and being less than tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity control standard, identified buried depth be tunnel most
Small buried depth, when the water percolating capacity Q for calculating gained is more than the control standard of tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity, increase the thickness of tunnel reinforcement circle
The buried depth of degree or increase tunnel, re-starts calculating, untill meeting the control standard of tunnel operation phase water percolating capacity.
5. submerged tunnel the minimum depth according to claim 4 determines method, it is characterised in that the submerged tunnel operation phase oozes
The standard that controls of water is that the daily average water percolating capacity in every linear meter(lin.m.) tunnel is 0.432m3。
6. submerged tunnel the minimum depth according to claim 1 determines method, it is characterised in that all keys in bed rearrangement tunnel
Section is satisfied by the requirement of the minimum depth.
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| CN108573095A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-25 | 北京交通大学 | The more reasonable earthing setting method of river sea shield tunnel based on driving safety |
| CN108842821A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-20 | 山东大学 | A kind of drilling and blasting method builds the calculation method of seabed tunnel Rational Depth |
| EP3599343A1 (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-29 | Beijing Jiaotong University | Design method and system for active control type waterproof and drainage system of subsea tunnel |
| CN116244794A (en) * | 2022-12-31 | 2023-06-09 | 中铁隧道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Calculation method for minimum safe overlying strata thickness of underwater non-blasting undercut tunnel |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108573095A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-25 | 北京交通大学 | The more reasonable earthing setting method of river sea shield tunnel based on driving safety |
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| CN116244794A (en) * | 2022-12-31 | 2023-06-09 | 中铁隧道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Calculation method for minimum safe overlying strata thickness of underwater non-blasting undercut tunnel |
| CN116244794B (en) * | 2022-12-31 | 2023-12-29 | 中铁隧道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Calculation method for minimum safe overlying strata thickness of underwater non-blasting undercut tunnel |
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