CN107799041B - Screen refreshing time testing method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs toThe invention provides a method and a device for testing screen refreshing time, belonging to the technical field of automation control and aiming at solving the problem that the prior art lacks a technical scheme for testing the screen refreshing time; the method comprises the following steps: performing logic configuration on the tested DCS, so that the output analog quantity is increased by a preset value A every time a clock period T1 passes; sampling the screen result in the tested DCS, comparing the difference value of the analog quantity in the adjacent frame pictures in the screen, and taking the maximum difference value B from a plurality of comparison results; calculating a screen refresh time based on said screen refresh clock period T1, said increased predetermined value a, a screen refresh difference; wherein, the time of the last confirmed screen refresh is T2, and satisfies:
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control, in particular to a method and a device for testing screen refreshing time; and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for testing screen refresh time applied to DCS.
Background
A Distributed Control System (DCS) is widely used in the fields of thermal power, nuclear power, petrochemicals, and the like. In a nuclear power DCS system, a display screen or a touch screen is generally used as a display interface. Meanwhile, the nuclear power DCS project has performance requirements on the refreshing time of a screen (namely a display interface); therefore, the reliable time required for refresh needs to be tested. However, there is no clear method for testing the screen refresh time.
Therefore, technical personnel in the field urgently need to develop a new technical scheme, and the screen refreshing time is independently sampled, so that the problem of a working method in a nuclear power DCS project engineering testing stage is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the technical scheme for testing the screen refreshing time is lacked in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for testing the screen refreshing time.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention comprises:
in one aspect, a method for testing screen refresh time is provided, which includes:
performing logic configuration on the tested DCS, so that the output analog quantity is increased by a preset value A every time a clock period T1 passes;
sampling the screen result in the tested DCS, comparing the difference value of the analog quantity in the adjacent frame pictures in the screen, and taking the maximum difference value B from a plurality of comparison results;
calculating a screen refresh time based on said screen refresh clock period T1, said increased predetermined value a, maximum difference B;
wherein, the time of the last confirmed screen refresh is T2, and satisfies:
preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined value a is 1, and the clock period T1 is a period of an MPU in the DCS.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the step of sampling the screen result in the DCS to be tested includes: displaying the test analog quantity in the list picture of the DCS, clicking to start timing by using a stopwatch, and shooting the process of incremental change of the analog quantity point by using a DV camera; after the video is shot, the video in the whole accumulation process is checked in a mode of checking according to frames, and the difference value of the analog quantity in the adjacent frame pictures is compared.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, a shooting interval between two frames of the DV camera is smaller than the screen refresh time.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes performing the steps in the above test method for multiple times, and selecting the maximum difference value from the steps as the final result of the difference value B.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a screen refreshing time testing device, which is characterized by comprising:
the logic configuration unit is used for carrying out logic configuration on the tested DCS, so that the output analog quantity is increased by a preset value A every time a clock period T1 passes;
the data sampling unit is used for sampling the screen result in the tested DCS, comparing the difference value of the analog quantity in the adjacent frame pictures in the screen and taking the maximum difference value B from a plurality of comparison results;
a result calculation unit for calculating a screen refresh time based on the screen refresh clock period T1, the increased predetermined value a, the maximum difference value B;
wherein, the time of the last confirmed screen refresh is T2, and satisfies:
preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined value a is 1, and the clock period T1 is a period of an MPU in the DCS.
Preferably, the data sampling unit comprises a DV camera and a stopwatch; displaying the test analog quantity in the list picture of the DCS, clicking to start timing by using a stopwatch, and shooting the process of incremental change of the analog quantity point by using a DV camera; after the video is shot, the video in the whole accumulation process is checked in a mode of checking according to frames, and the difference value of the analog quantity in the adjacent frame pictures is compared.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, a shooting interval between two frames of the DV camera is smaller than the screen refresh time.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a device for testing screen refreshing time, including: and the controller is used for loading and executing the screen refreshing time testing method.
By adopting the preferable technical scheme provided by the invention, at least one of the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
1. the simple and reliable screen refreshing time testing method and device are provided, and the blank in the industry is filled.
2. High-precision instruments and meters are not needed, so that the test cost is low.
3. In the execution process, the operation is simple and convenient, the frequency of shooting one-time video sampling is large, the maximum value can be selected from multiple sampling results, and a more accurate test result can be obtained.
4. The numerical value sent by the MPU is used as a timing tool, and the MPU has the function of a signal generator, and the numerical value of an analog quantity signal periodically output by the MPU is directly used as a signal source for testing; the test result is more accurate and simpler.
5. In the test process of using the stopwatch to combine, the stopwatch can be subjected to measurement audit and periodic verification, and the credibility of each frame of picture is indirectly proved; the problem of inaccurate timing of the DV camera is avoided, the principle that the video is composed of pictures is utilized, and the design idea is ingenious.
6. The built test environment is convenient, and the required personnel are few; compared with other test schemes with response time, the test scheme can be operated by only one person; for example, setting up a DV camera to start shooting, clicking a stopwatch, and then clicking a start command can start.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure and/or process particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flow of displaying data on a screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for testing screen refresh time according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a screen refresh time testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a screen refresh time testing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a screen refresh time testing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a controller in a screen refresh time testing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that the detailed description is only for the purpose of making the invention easier and clearer for those skilled in the art, and is not intended to be a limiting explanation of the invention; moreover, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of the present invention.
Additionally, the steps illustrated in the flow charts of the drawings may be performed in a control system such as a set of controller-executable instructions and, although a logical ordering is illustrated in the flow charts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than that illustrated herein.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail by the figures and the specific embodiments as follows:
examples
As shown in fig. 1, the refreshing of the screen display mentioned in this embodiment is started from the operation of a control station MPU (Microprocessor Unit) of a certain layer, to data transfer (S130), and to the final screen display (S140). However, the time from the change of the external signal to the MPU operation output (S110, S120) is not included, and the time from the acquisition (S110) to the final display is the input display time. The screen mentioned in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, a diode array, a touch screen, a liquid crystal screen, etc.
According to the above definition, the display screen refresh time is affected by 3:
1. a calculation output of a controller (MPU) of the DCS system;
2. the delay influence of each link in the data transmission process;
3. the screen displays the characteristics of the refresh.
The input display time is longer than two links of input acquisition (S110) and MPU operation (S120). Both links have separate frequencies, and the intermediate transmission link also needs time consumption; therefore, the time consumed in the two links when the adjacent 2 links change cannot be accurately measured, and the screen refresh time cannot be deduced from the input display time. Wherein:
minimum time: MPU output, data transmission process and screen display refreshing are the most time-saving conditions, and the refreshing time is the minimum at the moment;
maximum time: MPU output, data transfer process and screen display refreshing are the most time-wasting conditions, and the refreshing time is the largest at the moment.
Preferably, in this embodiment, when a test activity is executed, multiple sampling needs to be performed on the system under test, and the maximum value is taken as the final test result; that is, the maximum value represents the longest response time required for screen refresh, i.e. the screen refresh performance in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a method for testing screen refresh time, including:
s110, carrying out logic configuration on the tested DCS, and increasing the output analog quantity number by a preset value A every time a clock period T1 passes;
s120, sampling screen results in the tested DCS, comparing the difference values of analog quantities in adjacent frame pictures in a screen refreshing screen, and taking the maximum difference value B from a plurality of comparison results;
s130, calculating screen refreshing time T2 based on a screen refreshing clock period T1, an increased preset value A and a screen refreshing difference value; wherein, the screen refreshing difference value is the maximum difference value B;
wherein, the time of the last confirmed screen refresh is T2, and satisfies:
it should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the refresh time is confirmed, the maximum value B may be directly compared, and then B is converted to obtain the test result T2; the corresponding refreshing time can be obtained by calculating the difference value calculated each time, and then the refreshing time after the difference value conversion is compared to obtain a test result T2 corresponding to the maximum difference value B; these all belong to the protection scope of the technical scheme of the embodiment; i.e. the order of steps S130 and S120 may be directly reversed.
Preferably, the increased predetermined value a is 1 (positive integer 1), and the screen refresh clock period T1 is a period of the MPU in the DCS in which the screen is refreshed.
Specifically, the MPU output period is smaller than the display screen period, and when the display screen is ready to output, the MPU output period is flushed by new data, so that the time of two screen refreshing times is prolonged correspondingly. For example, assume that the period of the MPU is 50ms, and outputs an analog quantity with a value of 1 in the first period, 2 in the second period, and so on. The display screen continues for a period of time after display 1, then displays 7 directly, and then displays 16, 21, 32, etc. … … from 1 to 7, and from 7 to 16, which are the screen refresh times of the DCS system. Of course, the display screen itself will be continuously refreshed during this period, but the refreshing process does not reflect the data change of the DCS system. And 1 to 7, and from 7 to 16, are DCS system output data causing picture change, so the time for these 2 screen refreshes is 6 × 50ms and 9 × 50ms, 300ms and 450ms respectively.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the step of sampling the screen result in the tested DCS includes: displaying the test analog quantity in a list picture of a screen refreshing DCS, clicking to start timing by using a stopwatch, and shooting the process of increasing the change of the analog quantity point by using a DV camera; after the video is shot, the video in the whole accumulation process is checked in a mode of checking according to frames, and the difference value of the analog quantity in the adjacent frame pictures is compared. Further preferably, the shooting interval between two frames of the DV camera is smaller than the screen refresh time.
Further preferably, in order to ensure that the sampling result is better, the DV camera is erected to start shooting, the stopwatch is clicked, and then the start instruction is clicked to start shooting; it should be noted that DV is a tool in the testing process, and a stopwatch is introduced because the uniformity of the picture shot of DV per frame cannot be proved. It is proved that the interval time of each frame before and after the time point of the maximum time B is smaller than the test index. Therefore, the sampling data are not missed between each frame of the picture; the index of the picture refreshing time is generally 1 second or more than 1 second and is more than or equal to the minimum timing unit of a stopwatch; also, stopwatches now typically have seconds or less, even though the minimum unit is seconds, is acceptable.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the screen refreshing method further includes performing screen refreshing for multiple times; and the largest difference value of the analog quantities in the adjacent frame pictures is selected as the final result of the difference value B. I.e. performing S110-S130 a plurality of times per test cycle according to the method described above; a number of test cycles are then performed and the largest difference is found.
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment further provides a screen refresh time testing apparatus, which includes:
a logic configuration unit 110, configured to logically configure the DCS to be tested, so that each time a clock cycle T1 passes, the output analog number is increased by a predetermined value a;
a data sampling unit 120, configured to sample a screen result in the DCS to be tested, compare differences between analog quantities in adjacent frame pictures in a screen refresh screen, and obtain a maximum difference B from a plurality of comparison results;
a result calculating unit 130 for calculating a screen refresh time based on the screen refresh clock period T1, the increased predetermined value a, the screen refresh difference value; wherein, the screen refreshing difference value is the maximum difference value B;
wherein, the time of the last confirmed screen refresh is T2, and satisfies:
it should be noted that, in the present embodiment, when the refresh time is confirmed, the maximum value B may be directly compared, and then B is converted to obtain the test result T2; the corresponding refreshing time can be obtained by calculating the difference value calculated each time, and then the refreshing time after the difference value conversion is compared to obtain a test result T2 corresponding to the maximum difference value B; these all belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present embodiment.
Preferably, the present embodiment increases the predetermined value a to 1, and the screen refresh clock period T1 is a period for refreshing the MPU in the screen DCS.
Preferably, the present embodiment, the screen refresh data sampling unit includes a DV camera and a stopwatch; displaying the test analog quantity in a list picture of a screen refreshing DCS, clicking to start timing by using a stopwatch, and shooting the process of increasing the change of the analog quantity point by using a DV camera; after the video is shot, the video in the whole accumulation process is checked in a mode of checking according to frames, and the difference value of the analog quantity in the adjacent frame pictures is compared.
The present embodiment preferably has a shooting interval between two frames of the screen refresh DV camera smaller than the screen refresh time.
As shown in fig. 4, another embodiment of the present invention provides a screen refresh time testing apparatus, including:
a centralized Control System 320(FCS, which is called Focus Control System in english) for receiving the analog value input by the platform configuration software 310; the centralized control system 320 includes an IO (input/output) terminal 321 for receiving analog values input by the platform configuration software 310, and directly transmits data to an MCU (micro controller unit, english) in the centralized control system 320 through an IO module 322, and calculates the data into a data format capable of directly outputting from a screen;
a server 330 for receiving data transmitted by the centralized control system 320;
the screen 340 is used for displaying the data transmitted by the server according to the specification of the screen; and a stopwatch 350 for real-time use during display of data on the screen 340;
a DV camera for simultaneously capturing the data displayed on the screen 340 and the time on the stopwatch 350.
Wherein the time interval of the adjacent 2 frames is proved to be very small by stopwatch change in the video. The displayed figures of a plurality of frames of pictures before 2 frames of change are always the same and are less than the second level, so that the test result cannot be influenced by the unevenness of video shooting; the index of the picture refreshing time is generally 1 second or more than 1 second and is more than or equal to the minimum timing unit of a stopwatch; and now the stopwatch will generally have one second or less, so even the minimum unit is second can accept. The same applies to the changed 2-frame image.
More specifically, an analog quantity point is selected in the tested DCS system and is configured by using configuration software. The measuring range at the point is set to be 0-200, then the measuring range is accumulated from 0 to 200, and 1 is added every 50ms (the operation cycle time of the MPU of the system control station to be measured). And setting a switch during configuration to control the start of accumulation and clear 0 reset. Since the cycles of the system control station MPU under test are used for accumulation, the resolution of the test in this method is the time of the cycle of the system control station MPU. For example, the MPU period is 50ms, the resolution is 50 ms; if the period is changed to 30ms, the resolution is 30 ms.
During the test, the list picture of the system is entered, and the change process of the standby point from 0 to 200 is shot by using a DV camera. A stopwatch is also prepared as an auxiliary timing tool. The number does not change continuously during the change but rises in jumps. For example: 1. 8, 16, 28, 41 … …. Two adjacent numbers only have the largest difference, and the time of the screen response is multiplied by 50 by the difference. Each test is incremented from 0 to 200 to see the comparison. Each test was performed with 3 accumulations to ensure the generality of the sampling.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
1. start shooting
2. Pressing a stopwatch switch;
3. a forced accumulation switch;
4. waiting for 10 seconds, and accumulating the observation standby points to 200;
5. stopping shooting;
6. clear 0 is reset;
7. the stopwatch is turned off.
After the video is shot, the whole accumulation process is checked on the DV in a mode of checking according to frames. The maximum value was recorded as the test record.
The stopwatch has the function of finding out the maximum value of two adjacent frames (for example, shooting a jump from 30 to 48), and viewing the display time of the stopwatch between the two frames, so that the shooting interval (34 frames per second) of DV between the two frames can be proved to be far shorter than the refreshing time.
By the technical scheme, the interval displayed by the measured point can be calculated, so that the actual response time is calculated, and the actual performance of the system is obtained. Since the response time of the display itself may be small but does not represent the true performance of the system. (for example: a manufacturer may declare a response time of 15ms, which is faster than the MPU cycle, the system has not yet output, and the refreshing of the screen during this period is not meaningful to the project.)
As shown in fig. 5, another embodiment of the present invention provides a screen refresh time testing apparatus, which includes: the controller is used for controlling the screen refreshing time test, can be any hardware of a CPU, an FPGA or a singlechip, and loads and executes a detection program corresponding to any screen refreshing time test method.
As shown in fig. 6, in the controller, "increment value" and "start instruction" may be set as local variables, and "output/display value" is a global variable. The range of "output/display value" is set to 0 to 200 in the database.
The logical implications of the controller in fig. 6 are as follows:
"increment value" is an analog quantity, and "start command" is a switching quantity.
2. When the "start instruction" is "OFF", the "output/display value" displays the numerical value of IN0, that is, 0;
3. when the start command is turned ON, the output/display value and the output/display value are added with the incremental value in each period of the MPU of the controlled control cabinet, and the display is output.
4. When the "output/display value" reaches the set maximum value of the range, the maximum value is maintained on the display screen. The value of the shift IN0 is 0 only after the "start command" is turned "OFF".
When the screen refreshing time is actually tested, the operation steps are as follows:
1. setting the range of 'output/display value' to 0 to 200, and simultaneously setting the downloading configuration to be effective;
2. confirming that the monitored control station is in a normal operation state;
3. logging in a measured control station on an engineer station, and entering a logic online monitoring interface;
4. setting "increment value" to 1;
5. in a display screen, entering a list interface, and adding an output/display value into a current display list;
6. turning on the DV camera, aiming at the output/display value to start shooting;
7. pressing a stopwatch switch;
8. force "start command" to "ON" at the engineer station;
9. after the "output/display value" reaches the maximum value, the "start command" is forced to be "OFF" at the engineer station, and the shooting by the DV camera is stopped;
10. stopping the stopwatch;
11. the video is played back manually, only advancing by "one frame" of image each time the video is viewed. When the output/display values in the two frames are different, the difference between the two values is recorded, and the result is multiplied by 0.05s at the same time, and the test data is recorded.
12. And repeating for multiple times to find the maximum value in the test data. Each shot will record the condition of the screen refresh time for the period of 200 cycles of MPU operation. In order to be able to make the test results more representative. Preferably, not less than 5 times of shooting is carried out, so that the condition of the screen refreshing time in the running process of the tested system can be more accurately reflected.
As shown in table 1 below, for the data recorded in the actual test (the difference between two frames is converted into a time value, and then the different time values are compared to directly obtain the final result), it can be determined that the maximum update time value after conversion is 0.6 seconds according to the test result of the table.
TABLE 1 data recorded in actual tests
By adopting the preferable technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least one of the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
1. the simple and reliable screen refreshing time testing method and device are provided, and the blank in the industry is filled.
2. High-precision instruments and meters are not needed, so that the test cost is low.
3. In the execution process, the operation is simple and convenient, the frequency of shooting one-time video sampling is large, the maximum value can be selected from multiple sampling results, and a more accurate test result can be obtained.
4. The numerical value sent by the MPU is used as a timing tool, and the MPU has the function of a signal generator, and the numerical value of an analog quantity signal periodically output by the MPU is directly used as a signal source for testing; the test result is more accurate and simpler.
5. In the test process of using the stopwatch to combine, the stopwatch can be subjected to measurement audit and periodic verification, and the credibility of each frame of picture is indirectly proved; the problem of inaccurate timing of the DV camera is avoided, the principle that the video is composed of pictures is utilized, and the design idea is ingenious.
6. The built test environment is convenient, and the required personnel are few; compared with other test schemes with response time, the test scheme can be operated by only one person; for example, setting up a DV camera to start shooting, clicking a stopwatch, and then clicking a start command can start.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or a portion of the steps of implementing the above-described method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be understood that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can make many changes and simple substitutions to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is protected by the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. A screen refresh time testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
performing logic configuration on the tested DCS, so that the output analog quantity is increased by a preset value A every time a clock period T1 passes;
sampling results displayed by a screen in the tested DCS, comparing the difference values of analog quantities in adjacent frame pictures in the screen, and taking the maximum difference value B from a plurality of comparison results; and sampling the results of the screen display in the tested DCS includes: displaying the test analog quantity in a list picture of a screen refreshing DCS, clicking to start timing by using a stopwatch, and shooting the process of increasing the change of the analog quantity point by using a DV camera; after the video is shot, checking the video in the whole accumulation process in a mode of checking according to frames, and comparing the difference value of analog quantity in adjacent frame pictures, wherein the shooting interval between two frames of the DV camera is less than the screen refreshing time;
calculating a screen refresh time based on said screen refresh clock period T1, said increased predetermined value a, maximum difference B;
wherein, the time of the last confirmed screen refresh is T2, and satisfies:
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined value a is 1, and the clock period T1 is a period of an MPU in the DCS.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising performing the steps of claim 1 a plurality of times and selecting the largest difference therefrom as the final result of difference B.
4. A screen refresh time testing apparatus, comprising:
the logic configuration unit is used for carrying out logic configuration on the tested DCS, so that the output analog quantity is increased by a preset value A every time a clock period T1 passes;
the data sampling unit is used for sampling the result displayed by the screen in the tested DCS, comparing the difference value of the analog quantity in the adjacent frame pictures in the screen and taking the maximum difference value B from a plurality of comparison results; and sampling the results of the screen display in the tested DCS includes: displaying the test analog quantity in a list picture of a screen refreshing DCS, clicking to start timing by using a stopwatch, and shooting the process of increasing the change of the analog quantity point by using a DV camera; after the video is shot, checking the video in the whole accumulation process in a mode of checking according to frames, and comparing the difference value of analog quantity in adjacent frame pictures, wherein the shooting interval between two frames of the DV camera is less than the screen refreshing time;
a result calculation unit for calculating a screen refresh time based on the screen refresh clock period T1, the increased predetermined value a, the maximum difference value B;
wherein, the time of the last confirmed screen refresh is T2, and satisfies:
5. the apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined value A is 1, and the clock period T1 is a period of an MPU in the DCS.
6. A screen refresh time testing apparatus, comprising: a controller for controlling the screen refresh time test, the controller being adapted to load and execute the screen refresh time test method of any of claims 1-3.
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| US6297852B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2001-10-02 | Ati International Srl | Video display method and apparatus with synchronized video playback and weighted frame creation |
| CN104916267A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-09-16 | 延世大学校产学协力团 | Method for managing power in electronic device and the electronic device |
| CN106488229A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2017-03-08 | 飞思卡尔半导体公司 | There is the video encoder of adjustable frame refreshing rate |
| CN107046654A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-15 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of application state detection method and its equipment |
| CN105912444A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-31 | 网易（杭州）网络有限公司 | Refresh rate testing method and device of picture change of mobile terminal game screen |
| CN106406266A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-02-15 | 北京广利核系统工程有限公司 | Method used for simulating device controlled by nuclear power plant DCS system |
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