CN107766502A - A kind of Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance switches drilling method - Google Patents
A kind of Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance switches drilling method Download PDFInfo
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/28—Databases characterised by their database models, e.g. relational or object models
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- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1446—Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance to switch drilling method, comprises the following steps：S1 early-stage preparations inspection first) is carried out to the data syn-chronization situation between production and disaster recovery database, DB Backup implementation status, the database key parameter related to switching, database listening port and disaster tolerance network state；S2) check and prepare before switching, follow-up plan is terminated if it can not meet switching condition；S3 role switching between storage facility located at processing plant and disaster tolerance storehouse) is performed；S4) operated after service observation and switching；S5 business service externally) is provided by disaster tolerance system, if necessary to carry out switchback test, is then prepared before continuing switchback, judgement carries out database role switchback after meeting switchback condition, and is operated after carrying out service observation and switching.The present invention is able to ensure that to produce during DR test can normally switch with disaster recovery database, reduces business interruption time, avoids all kinds of Problem-Errors easily sent out during DR test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of database DR test method, more particularly to a kind of Oracle RAC (Real
Application Clusters, Real Application Clusters) database disaster tolerance switching drilling method.
Background technology
DR test, refer to using some ad hoc approach, simulate all kinds of unexpected incidents scenes, and organize IT personnel disposal each
The process of class system service recovery., it is necessary to carry out DR test immediately after the completion of disaster tolerance system construction, to test disaster tolerance system
Validity.In environment of the Oracle RAC frameworks databases as enterprise core business system is used, more using Oracle
Implementation method of Active DataGuard (ADG) technologies as disaster tolerance system.ADG can realize data from Production database to
The automatic synchronization of disaster recovery database and application, disaster event occurs in Production database (master library) or carries out disaster tolerance switching rehearsal
When, it can will be produced by modes such as artificial or scripts and be interchangeable with the role of disaster recovery database (standby storehouse).
Existing general processing method is as follows：
1st, switched over using Oracle Active Dataguard order lines or DG broker components in operation system
Directly switched between production and disaster recovery database.
2nd, data bank service function and disaster tolerance function community network port.
3rd, need business department to coordinate before drilling and stop application connection.
The above method applies in general to the situation that intensity of traffic is not high, type of service is more single, but in TB with higher level
Other big data quantity, high traffic pressure, and Transaction Processing and the business of data analysis type of service mixing are carried out simultaneously
Handoff procedure during can not ensureing DR test under scene between production and disaster recovery database is smoothed out, in some instances it may even be possible to is influenceed
Original normal business processing.
The major defect of prior art is as follows：
First, operation failure can often be occurred by directly carrying out database role switching.
Oracle Active Dataguard order lines or DG broker components carry out production and disaster recovery database role
The overall procedure of switching is：1st, the long-range connection in production system is interrupted, is entered above 2, termination and rollback Production database
Capable affairs, 3, by all Log Shippings of Production database to disaster tolerance storehouse, 4, close production system database, 5, in disaster tolerance system
In database apply production system daily record, 6, carry out role transforming, former disaster tolerance system database is converted to new production system
System.High capacity, heavy traffic database environment in, production system database can because service connection can not interrupt, affairs
It can not in a short time terminate to wait many factors to lead to not normal switching-off, directly affect steps 1 and 2,4 processing, also just can not
Smoothly complete role switching process.Occur that Production database is hung up or even restarted automatically in some cases, need to spend afterwards
The expense plenty of time is repaired, and can not complete rehearsal operation at the appointed time.
2nd, data bank service function and disaster tolerance function community network port.
Under default situations, the network monitoring port that oracle database externally provides service is 1521, Oracle Active
Dataguard be also produced with the port, the operation of data syn-chronization between disaster recovery database.In this case, can not
The new caused database connection during switching is prevented by way of closing the port, constantly caused new connect will influence number
According to the normal switching-off in storehouse.
3rd, business department coordinates the deficiency for stopping application before drilling.
Generally, it is smoothed out for rehearsal, business department can be coordinated and stop business first early stage in rehearsal, it is convenient
The stopping and switching of database service.But the drawbacks of which is present has：1st, because application module is numerous, application server may
Very more and distribution is scattered, it is difficult to accomplish to terminate application connection completely, and is difficult that the business for predicting which part is not stopped.
2nd, the purpose of the operation is only that database role can be well on switching, but the true field for the role switching that not necessarily suits the requirements
Scape, it can not really play the effect of switching rehearsal work.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance switching drilling method, energy
Enough ensure to produce during DR test and can normally switch with disaster recovery database, avoid easily sending out during DR test all kinds of
Problem-Error；Meanwhile the break period of business is reduced, improve the continuity of business.
The present invention is to provide a kind of Oracle RAC data storage capacity to solve the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem uses
Calamity switches drilling method, comprises the following steps：S1) first to the data syn-chronization situation between production and disaster recovery database, database
Before backup implementation status, the database key parameter related to switching, database listening port and disaster tolerance network state are carried out
Phase prepares to check；S2) check and prepare before switching, note abnormalities, judge whether to complete to rectify and improve at the appointed time, such as can not
Meet that switching condition then terminates follow-up plan；S3) perform between storage facility located at processing plant and disaster tolerance storehouse and carry out role switching；S4) service observation
And operated after switching；S5 business service externally) is provided by disaster tolerance system, end-of-job is drilled if not needing switchback；If
Needing to carry out switchback test, then prepare before continuing switchback, judgement carries out database role switchback after meeting switchback condition, and
Operated after carrying out service observation and switching.
Above-mentioned Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance switching drilling method, wherein, the step S2 is before the handover to production
Remotely connection, two benches affairs, database job and background task are checked present in database；Own needing to shield
When database external business connects, the listening port for being responsible for service connection is first closed, and be responsible for life using independent listening port
Data syn-chronization between production and disaster recovery database；Killing meeting is performed in batches by the way of storing process or SQL scripts simultaneously
Talk about process operation.
Above-mentioned Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance switching drilling method, wherein, the step S2 is suitable according to time order and function
Sequence, checked as follows successively：Data consistent check, listening state inspection, active and standby storehouse are carried out according to ADG and existing network time difference
Daily record group quantity, parameter testing, rollback state-detection, master library audit log application feature, standby storehouse audit log application need to be restarted
Situation, database filing configuration inspection, stop statistics of database collection service, the comparison of database password file, check Temp texts
Whether part matches, and data file whether online, confirm Production database filing number of paths and Thread Count/instance number
Amount sum be arranged to 4 or the value of the above, inspection parameter dg_broker_start whether close, confirm whether current ADG configures
For maximum performance pattern, confirm whether the standby storehouse ADG role/state of master library ADG role/state, confirmation, database are force
Logging states, alter daily records with the presence or absence of checked before abnormal, system resource switching, linked database/memory database and
Checked before middleware switching, stop batch service, stop Batch Processing, stop other non-key business, the triggering of turn-on data storehouse
Whether whether inspection master/slave data storehouse had gap, started using spfile, stop a database instance, check greatly before device, switching
Affairs and change JOB quantity for 0, disabling database service, stop database service, stop database and externally service monitorings, clearly
The session connection of reason remote data base example, cleaning two benches affairs, rollback detect, stop database instance 2 and carry out again
Data consistent check.
Above-mentioned Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance switching drilling method, wherein, the step S3 only RAC storage facility located at processing plants,
Performed on one node in disaster tolerance storehouse, detailed process is as follows：Storage facility located at processing plant example 1 is standby storehouse master library role transforming, and disaster tolerance storehouse is real
Example 1 is master library the role transforming in standby storehouse, opens new master library example 1, registration database service, confirms database positioning and change
Job quantity is to original state.
Above-mentioned Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance switching drilling method, wherein, operate bag after switching in the step S4
Include：Disaster tolerance storehouse example 2 starts new master library example 2, checks the new state of master library example 2, and carry out registration service；Disaster tolerance storehouse example 1
Service switching is initiated, and carries out service connection inspection, listening state inspection together with disaster tolerance storehouse example 2 and system resource is entered
Checked after row switching；Former master library is changed to standby storehouse pattern by storage facility located at processing plant example 1, turn-on data storehouse, is then carried out status checkout and is opened
Open data syn-chronization.
Present invention contrast prior art has following beneficial effect：Oracle RAC database disaster tolerances provided by the invention are cut
Drilling method is changed, has fully taken into account the security of DR test, at utmost ensures the data safety of production system, Bu Huiyin
Stop for the database in DR test, the influence of the operation to data consistency such as switching, during solving existing rehearsal
All kinds of mistakes easily occurred, avoid risk so that DR test work it is more safe and reliable with it is efficient.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance of the present invention switching rehearsal schematic flow sheet.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance of the present invention switching rehearsal schematic flow sheet.
Fig. 1 is referred to, Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance provided by the invention switches drilling method, for general operation
Flow optimizes with operating method, forms complete set, general, safe switching method.Scope involved in the present invention is
Service system disaster recovery rehearsal process based on Oracle RAC databases is (including between Production database and disaster tolerance data role
Switching and switchback), mainly include seven links：Prepare before early-stage preparations, switching, database role switches, service observation is with cutting
Work after changing, worked before switchback after preparation, database role switchback, service observation and switchback.Overall flow is as shown in Figure 1.
Concrete plan or the following aspect information of record are both needed in each link：Mission number, sub- numbering, subordinate server,
In task definition, time started, duration (minute), affiliated group, executor, scrutineer, service impact, a key script or operation
Hold, check script, expected results, actual result, abnormality processing, time-out/exception report, the time started, the end time, operation
People, scrutineer, performance.
Each link specific implementation is described as follows
Step S1：Early-stage preparations
The early-stage preparations stage refers to the previous day of disaster tolerance switching rehearsal, is checked and is prepared for key point, such as found different
It can often be rectified and improved.It is main to check whether following aspect is normal：Data syn-chronization situation between production and disaster recovery database, data
Library backup implementation status, the database key parameter related to switching, database listening port and disaster tolerance network state etc..
Step S2：Prepare before switching
Before switching 8 hours before the switching of preparatory stage fingering row database, checked, noted abnormalities then for key point
Judge whether to complete to rectify and improve at the appointed time, as that can not complete, terminate follow-up plan.According to time order and function order, carry out
Following aspect checks work：
| Sequence number | Action |
| 1 | Data consistent check (ADG and existing network time phase difference) |
| 2 | Listening state inspection |
| 3 | Active and standby storehouse daily record group quantity |
| 4 | Parameter testing need to be restarted |
| 5 | Rollback state-detection |
| 6 | Master library audit log application feature |
| 7 | Standby storehouse audit log applicable cases |
| 8 | Database filing configuration inspection |
| 9 | Stop statistics of database and collect service |
| 10 | Database password file compares |
| 11 | Check Temp files whether match, and data file whether online |
| 12 | Confirm that LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES is arranged to the value of 4 or the above |
| 13 | Inspection parameter dg_broker_start (closing) |
| 14 | Confirm whether current ADG is configured to maximum performance pattern |
| 15 | Confirm master library ADG role/state |
| 16 | Confirm standby storehouse ADG role/state |
| 17 | Whether database is force logging states |
| 18 | Alter daily records are with the presence or absence of abnormal |
| 19 | Checked before system resource switching |
| 20 | Checked before the switching such as linked database, memory database and middleware |
| 21 | Stop batch service |
| 22 | Stop Batch Processing |
| 23 | Stop other non-key business |
| 24 | Turn-on data storehouse trigger, it is ensured that the not interpolation data file under standby storehouse operation conditions |
| 25 | Check whether master/slave data storehouse has gap before switching |
| 26 | Whether started using spfile |
| 27 | Stop a database instance (including performing follow-up 28-36 process) |
| 28 | Check big affairs |
| 29 | It is 0 (with previous step parallel work-flow) to change JOB quantity |
| 30 | Disabling database service (is prevented after starting in standby storehouse pull-up service) |
| 31 | Stop database service |
| 32 | Stop database and externally service monitoring, retain ADG communication intercepts |
| 33 | Clear up remote data base example session connection (batch is cleared up, it is not possible to a complete liquidation) |
| 34 | Clear up two benches affairs |
| 35 | Rollback detects |
| 36 | Stop other database instances |
| 37 | Data consistent check (ADG and existing network time phase difference) |
Wherein, the 1st step represents that disaster tolerance storehouse (ADG storehouses) just can be with storage facility located at processing plant current time point after by this time difference
Data reach consistent, that is, disaster tolerance storehouse needs how long can just catch up with the present state of storage facility located at processing plant.Typically several seconds,
If this place checks that discovery is super after one minute or higher, typically illustrate that data syn-chronization has exception, now cut
Changing operation can not ensure the uniformity of data, it is necessary to be checked.
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES calculation is in 12nd step：The filing number of path of Production database
Amount+Thread Count/example quantity.By taking most common Production database as an example, 2 nodes of storage facility located at processing plant, 2, disaster tolerance storehouse node, then give birth to
The filing path of product storehouse is 3, thread 2, instance number 2, result of calculation 3+2/2=4.But, the default value meeting of the parameter
More than 4, the guarantee of bottom line is simply done herein.
27th step " stopping a database instance " is not an independent step, is referred to the process of from 28-36.
Step S3：Perform and carry out role switching between storage facility located at processing plant and disaster tolerance storehouse
This process operation only performs on a node in RAC storage facility located at processing plants, disaster tolerance storehouse, it is not necessary to is grasped in all nodes
Make can open database externally service, reduce business interruption time.
| Sequence number | Main frame | Operation content |
| 1 | Storage facility located at processing plant example 1 | It is PHYSICAL STANDBY master library role transforming |
| 2 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 1 | Role transforming standby storehouse is PRIMARY |
| 3 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 1 | Open new master library example 1 |
| 4 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 1 | Registration database service |
| 5 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 1 | Confirm database positioning |
| 6 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 1 | Job quantity is changed to original state |
Step S4：Operated after service observation and switching
2-11 sub-step operations are carried out while business is verified, complete the follow-up work after database role switching.
| Sequence number | Main frame | Operation content |
| 1 | (nothing) | (business department is responsible for processing) is verified in key business |
| 2 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 2 | Start new master library example 2 |
| 3 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 2 | Check the new state of master library example 2 |
| 4 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 2 | Registration service |
| 5 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 1 | Service switching |
| 6 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 1/2 | Service connection inspection |
| 7 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 1/2 | Listening state inspection |
| 8 | Disaster tolerance storehouse example 1/2 | Checked after system resource switching |
| 9 | Storage facility located at processing plant example 1 | Former master library is changed to standby storehouse pattern, and turn-on data storehouse |
| 10 | Storage facility located at processing plant example 1 | Status checkout |
| 11 | Storage facility located at processing plant example 1 | Turn-on data is synchronous |
Step S5, S6 and S7：
After the completion of aforesaid operations, it is already possible to externally provide business service by disaster tolerance system, drilled if not needing switchback
Practice end-of-job, continue switchback test if desired, then continue step S5, S6 and S7.Step S5, S6, S7 respectively with step
Rapid S2, S3, S4 operating principle is identical, herein not repeated description.
Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance provided by the invention switches drilling method, performs step S2 each behaviour successively
Make, it is ensured that production can be smoothed out with disaster recovery database role switching.Evade due to present in Production database
A large amount of long-range connection, two benches affairs, database job, background tasks etc. influence normal switching-off and the angle of Production database example
Color transfer process.Especially：
The operation of sequence number 32 in step S2, it is responsible for the data between production and disaster recovery database using independent listening port
It is synchronous.Such as：The listening port of synchronized process between production and disaster recovery database is used 1526, with other database manipulations
The listening port of (responsible service connection) uses 1521., can be first when needing to shield all database external business connections
The listening port for being responsible for service connection is closed, does not interfere with data syn-chronization operation.
The operation of sequence number 33 in step S2, at the same time with the thousands of busy Database Systems remotely connected, Ying Cai
Perform that " alter system kill session " carry out killing session and entered in batches with the mode of storing process or SQL scripts
Journey operates, it is impossible to uses：The mode of " kill-9+ remote connection process number " disposably removes all processes, prevents from operating
Occurs database instance exception in journey.
Step S2 database role handover operation only performs on a node in RAC storage facility located at processing plants, disaster tolerance storehouse, it is not necessary to
All nodes carry out operation can open database externally service, reduce business interruption time.
After step S3 operation is completed, subsequently the time can arranged to carry out step S4 operation, the step operation can
To be not take up drilling the time.
Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance provided by the invention switches drilling method, and specific advantage is as follows：
1) versatility：The present invention independent of with any third party software, carry life using oracle database/operating system
Order can complete all operations, can use and arbitrarily deploy Oracle Active DataGuard disaster tolerance environment.
2) security：The present invention has fully taken into account the security of DR test, at utmost ensures the number of production system
, will not be because of influence of the operation to data consistency such as the database stopping in DR test, switchings according to safety.
3) reliability：The present invention is useful in big data quantity, the disaster tolerance switching of heavy traffic system is drilled in work, passes through step
Suddenly operations 2., the factor for influenceing handover operation is solved item by item, can ensure that the system of high traffic load is smoothly implemented
Switching.
4) controllability：All operations step is refined as single operational order by the present invention, can be looked for if there is abnormal
To clear and definite corresponding relation, and it is acted upon.On the other hand, the dependence that the present invention coordinates application side is small, can pass through data
The cooperating of storehouse level operations operation substitution business side, such as：Stop application connection etc..
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, so it is not limited to the present invention, any this area skill
Art personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when a little modification and perfect, therefore the protection model of the present invention can be made
Enclose to work as and be defined by what claims were defined.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance switches drilling method, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
S1 it is) first related to switching to the data syn-chronization situation between production and disaster recovery database, DB Backup implementation status
Database key parameter, database listening port and disaster tolerance network state carry out early-stage preparations inspection；
S2) check and prepare before switching, note abnormalities, judge whether to complete to rectify and improve at the appointed time, can not such as meet to switch
Condition then terminates follow-up plan；
S3) perform between storage facility located at processing plant and disaster tolerance storehouse and carry out role switching；
S4) operated after service observation and switching；
S5 business service externally) is provided by disaster tolerance system, end-of-job is drilled if not needing switchback；Returned if desired
Test is cut, then is prepared before continuing switchback, judgement carries out database role switchback, industry of going forward side by side business inspection after meeting switchback condition
Look into and operated after switching.
2. Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance as claimed in claim 1 switches drilling method, it is characterised in that the step S2
Before the handover to remotely connection, two benches affairs, database job and background task check present in Production database；
When needing to shield all database external business connections, the listening port for being responsible for service connection is first closed, and using independent
Listening port is responsible for the data syn-chronization between production and disaster recovery database；Simultaneously by the way of storing process or SQL scripts
Killing session process operation is performed in batches.
3. Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance as claimed in claim 2 switches drilling method, it is characterised in that the step S2
According to time order and function order, checked as follows successively：
Data consistent check, listening state inspection are carried out according to ADG and existing network time difference, active and standby storehouse daily record group quantity, need weight
Open parameter testing, rollback state-detection, master library audit log application feature, standby storehouse audit log applicable cases, database filing
Configuration inspection, stop statistics of database collection service, the comparison of database password file, check whether Temp files match, and
Data file whether online, confirm Production database filing number of paths and Thread Count/example quantity sum be arranged to 4 or
Whether more than person value, inspection parameter dg_broker_start close, confirm current ADG whether be configured to maximum performance pattern,
Confirm master library ADG role/state, confirm whether standby storehouse ADG role/state, database are force logging states, alter
Daily record with the presence or absence of check before abnormal, system resource switching, checked before linked database/memory database and middleware switching,
Stop batch service, stop Batch Processing, stop other non-key business, turn-on data storehouse trigger, switching before check it is active and standby
Whether whether database had gap, started using spfile, stop a database instance, checked big affairs and change JOB quantity
Monitoring, cleaning remote data base example meeting are externally serviced for 0, disabling database service, stopping database service, stopping database
Words connection, cleaning two benches affairs, rollback detect, stop database instance 2 and carry out data consistent check again.
4. Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance as claimed in claim 1 switches drilling method, it is characterised in that the step S3
Only performed on a node in RAC storage facility located at processing plants, disaster tolerance storehouse, detailed process is as follows：Storage facility located at processing plant example 1 is master library role transforming
Standby storehouse, disaster tolerance storehouse example 1 are master library the role transforming in standby storehouse, open new master library example 1, registration database service, confirm number
According to storehouse state and job quantity is changed to original state.
5. Oracle RAC databases disaster tolerance as claimed in claim 4 switches drilling method, it is characterised in that the step S4
Operation includes after middle switching：
Disaster tolerance storehouse example 2 starts new master library example 2, checks the new state of master library example 2, and carry out registration service；
Disaster tolerance storehouse example 1 initiates service switching, and service connection inspection, listening state inspection are carried out together with disaster tolerance storehouse example 2
And checked after being switched over to system resource；
Former master library is changed to standby storehouse pattern by storage facility located at processing plant example 1, turn-on data storehouse, then carries out status checkout and turn-on data is same
Step.
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