CN107764656B - Coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment device and method - Google Patents
Coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
- G01N2203/0066—Propagation of crack
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0658—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using acoustic or ultrasonic detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0694—Temperature
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal-rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission fracturing simulation experiment device and a method, wherein the device comprises a coal-rock mass experiment platform, a liquid fluid medium transmission fracturing mechanism and a gaseous fluid medium transmission fracturing mechanism; the method comprises the following steps: 1. prefabricating a cube to simulate a coal rock mass; 2. building a coal rock mass experiment platform; 3. the liquid medium is transferred to cause cracking; 4. the formation of a solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock mass; 5. the gaseous medium is transported to cause cracking; 6. updating a coal rock mass experiment platform; 7. and (3) repeatedly cycling the second step to the sixth step to obtain conduction fracturing data caused by different pressure parameters of injected liquid and different unit consumption of filling explosive in a borehole of the solid-liquid coupled state cubic analog coal rock mass. The method can analyze the actual coal rock mass liquid medium transmission cracking to be simulated through the similar simulation coal rock mass and the influence of the gaseous medium transmission cracking generated in the blasting process, and is simple in operation, visual and effective.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium induced cracking, and particularly relates to a coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium induced cracking simulation experiment device and method.
Background
The coal rock mass fracturing method mainly comprises the following steps: blasting fracturing and hydraulic fracturing are used for improving the caving performance of coal and rock mass, improving permeability, reducing stress concentration in the local range of the coal and rock mass or realizing forced caving and the like. However, coal rock mass is used as a non-uniform and non-continuous body with a large number of defects such as joint cracks, cracks and the like, and the propagation of explosion and stress waves in the water injection fracturing and infiltration processes is very complex. The existing coal rock mass fracturing is only designed by researching a coupling fracturing scheme, and lacks practical operation and research on the influence of liquid and gas generated by blasting in the coupling fracturing process on crack propagation. Therefore, a coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment device and method are lacking at present, and research on how liquid is diffused in hydraulic fracturing and how gas generated in blasting is transmitted is conducted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the coal-rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium induced cracking simulation experiment device which is novel and reasonable in design, can analyze the actual coal-rock mass liquid medium induced cracking to be simulated through similar simulation of the coal-rock mass, and the influence of gaseous medium induced cracking generated in the process of blasting, is simple to operate, visual and effective, and is convenient to popularize and use.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium passes and leads to split simulation experiment device, its characterized in that: the device comprises a coal-rock mass experiment platform, a liquid fluid medium sensing cracking mechanism and a gaseous fluid medium sensing cracking mechanism, wherein the coal-rock mass experiment platform comprises a computer, an experiment box and a similar simulated coal-rock mass arranged in the experiment box, air cylinders for applying pressure to the similar simulated coal-rock mass are respectively arranged on the side wall and a top plate of the experiment box, the air cylinders are controlled by the computer through air cylinder drivers, the similar simulated coal-rock mass is a cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass, a plurality of acoustic emission sensors for monitoring crack propagation conditions of the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass are distributed at the edge positions of the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass, a data detection layer is buried in the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass in advance, a drilling hole is vertically and inwards arranged at the center position of the top of the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass, the data detection layer comprises a plurality of sensor assemblies symmetrically arranged around the center of the drilling hole, each sensor assembly is formed by a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure generated by the liquid fluid medium sensing cracking mechanism on the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass sensing cracking, and a temperature sensor for detecting the gaseous fluid medium sensing cracking mechanism and the cubic similar coal-rock mass sensing cracking sensor, and the temperature sensor for detecting the cubic similar coal-rock mass sensing crack propagation conditions are communicated with the computer;
the liquid fluid medium transmission fracturing mechanism comprises a liquid injection machine for injecting liquid into a drill hole and adjusting the pressure parameter of the liquid, wherein the liquid is colored liquid with different colors similar to the cubic simulated coal rock mass, and the liquid injection machine is communicated with a computer;
the gaseous fluid medium transmission cracking mechanism comprises an explosive filled in a drill hole, an exploder for detonating the explosive and a thermal infrared imager for acquiring the conditions of the cubic similar simulation coal rock blasting gas propagation and diffusion, wherein the thermal infrared imager is communicated with a computer;
the computer is connected with a timer for setting the development time of the crack after the crack is developed by the crack-inducing mechanism, a prompter for prompting the experimenter that the crack is developed fully and a display for displaying the crack expansion condition of the crack induced by the gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium.
The coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment device is characterized in that: the number of the acoustic emission sensors is six, the acoustic emission sensors are respectively a first acoustic emission sensor, a second acoustic emission sensor, a third acoustic emission sensor, a fourth acoustic emission sensor, a fifth acoustic emission sensor and a sixth acoustic emission sensor, the first acoustic emission sensor and the second acoustic emission sensor are respectively arranged at two vertex positions of an intersecting edge of the bottom surface and the front side surface of the cube similar simulation coal rock body, the third acoustic emission sensor is arranged at the midpoint position of the intersecting edge of the bottom surface and the rear side surface of the cube similar simulation coal rock body, the fourth acoustic emission sensor is arranged at the midpoint position of the intersecting edge of the top surface and the front side surface of the cube similar simulation coal rock body, and the fifth acoustic emission sensor and the sixth acoustic emission sensor are respectively arranged at two vertex positions of the intersecting edge of the top surface and the rear side surface of the cube similar simulation coal rock body.
The coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment device is characterized in that: the number of the data detection layers is multiple.
The coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment device is characterized in that: the depth of the drilled hole is 0.2-0.8 h, wherein h is the side length of the cubic similar simulation coal rock mass.
The coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment device is characterized in that: the prompter is an indicator light or a wireless communication module.
The coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment device is characterized in that: the wireless communication module is a GSM module or a short message cat module which is communicated with the mobile phone of the experimenter.
The coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment device is characterized in that: the number of the cubic similar simulation coal rock bodies is a plurality.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a method for the coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment, which has simple steps and reasonable design and can realize the influence of liquid and gas generated by blasting in the coupled cracking process on crack propagation, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, prefabricating a cube similar simulation coal rock mass: injecting prefabricated materials into the cube container by utilizing a similar simulation method according to physical characteristics of the actual coal rock mass to be simulated, building a cube similar simulation coal rock mass after curing for t time, embedding a data detection layer in the cube similar simulation coal rock mass in the process of building the cube similar simulation coal rock mass, and vertically and inwards forming a drilling hole at the top center position of the cube similar simulation coal rock mass;
the number of the cubic containers is multiple, and a plurality of the cubic similar simulation coal and rock bodies can be prefabricated at the same time;
step two, building a coal rock mass experiment platform, wherein the process is as follows:
step 201, taking one of the cubic similar simulation coal and rock bodies, placing the cubic similar simulation coal and rock body in an experiment box, using a computer to control a cylinder driver to enable a plurality of cylinders arranged on the side wall and the top plate of the experiment box to apply pressure to the cubic similar simulation coal and rock body, and simulating the actual coal and rock body to be simulated to be subjected to the pressure of surrounding rock bodies of the environment;
202, arranging a plurality of acoustic emission sensors for monitoring crack propagation conditions of the cube similar simulated coal rock at edge positions of the cube similar simulated coal rock, wherein the number of the acoustic emission sensors is six, the six acoustic emission sensors are respectively a first acoustic emission sensor, a second acoustic emission sensor, a third acoustic emission sensor, a fourth acoustic emission sensor, a fifth acoustic emission sensor and a sixth acoustic emission sensor, the first acoustic emission sensor and the second acoustic emission sensor are respectively arranged at two vertex positions of an intersecting edge of a bottom surface and a front side surface of the cube similar simulated coal rock, the third acoustic emission sensor is arranged at a midpoint position of an intersecting edge of the bottom surface and the rear side surface of the cube similar simulated coal rock, the fourth acoustic emission sensor is arranged at a midpoint position of an intersecting edge of the top surface and the front side surface of the cube similar simulated coal rock, the fifth acoustic emission sensor and the sixth acoustic emission sensor are respectively arranged at two vertex positions of the intersecting edge of the top surface and the rear side surface of the cube similar simulated coal rock, and the six acoustic emission sensors are arranged in a full-range to detect the crack conditions of the cube similar simulated coal rock in real time;
step 203, connecting the data detection layer and the sound emission sensor with a computer to realize data communication between the data detection layer and the sound emission sensor and the computer, and completing the construction of a coal rock mass experiment platform;
step three, liquid medium transmission causes cracking: adjusting pressure parameters of injected liquid by a liquid injector, injecting the liquid into a drill hole by the liquid injector until the injected liquid leaks out of the cubic analog coal-rock mass or the pressure of the injected liquid is reduced, wherein the liquid is colored liquid with different colors from the cubic analog coal-rock mass, and simultaneously establishing communication between the liquid injector and a computer;
step four, formation of solid-liquid coupled state cubic analog coal rock mass: setting a time threshold value of standing after the liquid is injected into the cubic analog coal-rock mass through a timer, timing by the timer, and prompting an experimenter to finish the standing time by a computer control prompter when the standing time of the cubic analog coal-rock mass reaches the time threshold value set by the timer after the liquid is injected into the cubic analog coal-rock mass, so as to realize the full development of cracks caused by liquid medium transmission and obtain the cubic analog coal-rock mass in a solid-liquid coupling state;
step five, the gaseous medium is transmitted to cause cracking: filling explosive into a borehole of a solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body, detonating the explosive by using an exploder, vertically uniformly dividing and cutting the solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body, respectively scanning the cut solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body cavity after explosion by using two infrared thermal imagers to obtain a gas temperature distribution value in the cavity, transmitting the temperature distribution value obtained after scanning by the infrared thermal imagers to a computer, and drawing a temperature distribution diagram by using the temperature distribution value and temperature data acquired by a temperature sensor by the computer to obtain transmission-induced cracking data of gas in the solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body during explosion, and observing the direction, depth and range of colored liquid in the solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body crack;
step six, updating a coal rock mass experiment platform: dismantling the acoustic emission sensor, controlling the cylinder driver by the computer to retract the cylinder, and removing residues of the solid-liquid coupling state cubic analog coal rock mass in the experimental box;
and step seven, repeatedly cycling the step two to the step six, and obtaining conduction fracturing data caused by different pressure parameters of injected liquid and different unit consumption of filling explosive in a borehole of the solid-liquid coupling state cubic similar simulation coal rock mass.
The method is characterized in that: in the first step, three data detection layers are uniformly buried in the cubic analog simulation coal rock mass in the process of building the cubic analog simulation coal rock mass.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the simulation experiment device, the air cylinders are arranged on the side wall and the top plate of the experiment box and are used for applying pressure to the similar simulation coal rock mass, so that the pressure of surrounding rock mass borne by the actual coal rock mass can be conveniently simulated, the similar simulation coal rock mass is a cubic similar simulation coal rock mass with a built-in data detection layer, the manufacturing is simple, the data detection layer consists of a plurality of sensor assemblies symmetrically arranged around the center of a drilling hole, the pressure and temperature change of the measurement cubic similar simulation coal rock mass are uniform, and the simulation experiment device is convenient to popularize and use.
2. According to the simulation experiment device, the color liquid with different colors from the color of the cubic similar simulation coal rock body is prepared and injected into the cubic similar simulation coal rock body, so that the cubic similar simulation coal rock body is cut in a later period to observe how the liquid is diffused in the hydraulic fracturing process; the method comprises the steps of filling explosive into a solid-liquid coupled cubic analog coal rock body, and measuring how gas generated in a solid-liquid coupled cubic analog coal rock body in a blasting process propagates by using a thermal infrared imager and a preset temperature sensor; in addition, the acoustic emission sensor is arranged at the edge position of the cube similar to the simulated coal rock mass, the expansion direction, the expansion depth and the expansion range of the crack are detected in an omnibearing manner, the method is reliable and stable, and the using effect is good.
3. The simulation experiment method adopted by the invention has simple steps, adjusts different liquid injection pressures aiming at each cubic analog coal rock body and changes different specific explosive consumption in the formed solid-liquid coupled state cubic analog coal rock body by prefabricating a plurality of cubic analog coal rock bodies, and obtains crack expansion data of injection pressure and blasting load parameters on the solid-liquid coupled state cubic analog coal rock body, thereby being convenient for popularization and use.
In conclusion, the invention has novel and reasonable design, can analyze the actual coal rock mass liquid medium transmission cracking to be simulated through similar simulation of the coal rock mass and the influence of the gaseous medium transmission cracking generated in the blasting process, and has simple operation, intuitionistic and effective performance and convenient popularization and use.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal rock mass experiment platform in a simulation experiment device adopted by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation relationship of a simulated coal rock mass and an acoustic emission sensor in a simulation experiment device adopted by the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a simulation experiment apparatus employed in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a simulation experiment method adopted by the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-an experiment box; 2-simulating a coal rock mass; 3-an air cylinder;
4-an acoustic emission sensor; 4-1-a first acoustic emission sensor;
4-2-a second sound emission sensor; 4-3-a third acoustic emission sensor;
4-fourth acoustic emission sensor; 4-5-fifth acoustic emission sensor;
4-6-sixth acoustic emission sensor; 5-a data detection layer;
6, drilling; 7-a sensor assembly; 7-1-a pressure sensor;
7-2, a temperature sensor; 8-a computer; 9-a timer;
10-a prompter; 11-a display; 12-a liquid injection machine;
13-a cylinder driver; 14-thermal infrared imager.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium induced cracking simulation experiment device for the coal-rock mass comprises a coal-rock mass experiment platform, a liquid fluid medium induced cracking mechanism and a gaseous fluid medium induced cracking mechanism, wherein the coal-rock mass experiment platform comprises a computer 8, an experiment box 1 and a similar simulated coal-rock mass 2 arranged in the experiment box 1, a cylinder 3 for applying pressure to the similar simulated coal-rock mass 2 is arranged on the side wall and the top plate of the experiment box 1, the cylinder 3 is controlled by the computer 8 through a cylinder driver 13, the similar simulated coal-rock mass 2 is a cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass, a plurality of acoustic emission sensors 4 for monitoring crack propagation conditions of the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass are distributed at the edge positions of the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass, a data detection layer 5 is buried in the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass in advance, a drill hole 6 is vertically inwards arranged at the top center position of the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass, the data detection layer 5 comprises a plurality of sensor blocks 7 symmetrically arranged around the center of the drill hole 6, the sensor blocks 7 are used for detecting the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass 2, and the acoustic emission sensors are used for detecting crack propagation conditions of the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass, and the acoustic emission sensors 4 are used for detecting crack propagation conditions of the cubic similar simulated coal-rock mass, and the crack is used for detecting crack propagation conditions of the cubic similar coal-rock mass, and the gaseous fluid medium is caused by the pressure sensor 1-crack-gas-phase medium, and the pressure sensor is used for detecting the crack conditions, and the pressure sensor 1-induced crack is caused to the pressure and the pressure sensor is used for the pressure sensor and the similar crack sensor 1-crack sensor and the pressure sensor and the similar sensor 1;
it should be noted that, according to the physical characteristics of the actual coal-rock mass, a similar simulated coal-rock mass 2 similar to the physical characteristics is manufactured, the similar simulated coal-rock mass 2 is arranged in the experiment box 1, in actual use, the experiment box 1 adopts an explosion-proof experiment box, unnecessary damage and loss caused by experiment errors are avoided, the side wall and the top plate of the experiment box 1 are both provided with the cylinder 3 for applying pressure to the similar simulated coal-rock mass 2 so as to simulate the surrounding rock mass pressure born by the actual coal-rock mass, the purpose of the similar simulated coal-rock mass 2 adopts cubes is in line with the actual situation, firstly, the manufacturing of the similar simulated coal-rock mass 2 is facilitated, secondly, the data detection layer 5 is conveniently and preliminarily arranged, in actual use, 6 holes are required to be formed downwards at the center position of the top end of the similar simulated coal-rock mass 2, the data detection layer 5 is arranged at the symmetrical position around the center of the drill hole 6, so that the uniform measurement experiment data is convenient, and the data acquisition reliability is high; in this embodiment, the number of layers of the data detection layer 5 is multiple; in actual use, according to the propagation characteristics of force and the size of the cube similar simulated coal rock mass, a layer of data detection layer 5 is arranged without intervals of 20 cm-30 cm, and the measurement accuracy is high.
In actual use, a plurality of acoustic emission sensors 4 are arranged at the edge positions of the cube similar simulation coal rock body and used for monitoring crack propagation conditions of the cube similar simulation coal rock body, in the embodiment, the number of the acoustic emission sensors 4 is six, the six acoustic emission sensors 4 are respectively a first acoustic emission sensor 4-1, a second acoustic emission sensor 4-2, a third acoustic emission sensor 4-3, a fourth acoustic emission sensor 4-4, a fifth acoustic emission sensor 4-5 and a sixth acoustic emission sensor 4-6, the first acoustic emission sensor 4-1 and the second acoustic emission sensor 4-2 are respectively arranged at two vertex positions of an intersecting edge of the bottom surface and the front side surface of the cube similar simulation coal rock body, the third acoustic emission sensor 4-3 is arranged at a midpoint position of the intersecting edge of the bottom surface and the rear side surface of the cube similar simulation coal rock body, the fourth acoustic emission sensor 4-4 is arranged at a midpoint position of the intersecting edge of the top surface of the cube similar simulation coal rock body and the front side surface, and the fifth acoustic emission sensor 4-5 and the sixth acoustic emission sensor 4-6 are respectively arranged at two vertex positions of the intersecting edge of the cube similar simulation coal rock body and the front side surface; the bottom surface, the front side surface, the top surface and the rear side surface of the cube similar simulation coal rock body are guaranteed to comprise three acoustic emission sensors, the first acoustic emission sensor 4-1, the second acoustic emission sensor 4-2 and the third acoustic emission sensor 4-3 positioned on the bottom surface are utilized to detect the crack data in the cube similar simulation coal rock body from bottom to top, the fourth acoustic emission sensor 4-4, the fifth acoustic emission sensor 4-5 and the sixth acoustic emission sensor 4-6 positioned on the top surface are utilized to detect the crack data in the cube similar simulation coal rock body from top to bottom, the first acoustic emission sensor 4-1, the second acoustic emission sensor 4-2 and the fourth acoustic emission sensor 4-4 positioned on the front side are utilized to detect the crack data in the cube similar simulation coal rock body from front to back, the third acoustic emission sensor 4-3, the fifth acoustic emission sensor 4-5 and the sixth acoustic emission sensor 4-6 positioned on the rear side are utilized to detect the crack data in the cube similar simulation coal rock body from back to front, the purpose that the acoustic emission sensor 4-2 and the first acoustic emission sensor 4-4 positioned on the front side are utilized to detect the third acoustic emission sensor 4-2 and the fourth acoustic emission sensor 4-back to detect the crack data in the cube similar simulation coal rock body from top to bottom is utilized, and the purpose of increasing the cost of the crack data is achieved by utilizing the acoustic emission sensor 4 to increase the cost; secondly, in order to ensure that crack detection is carried out on the three-dimensional similar simulated coal rock mass in all directions, the detection effect is good.
The liquid fluid medium transmission fracturing mechanism comprises a liquid injection machine 12 for injecting liquid into the drill hole 6 and adjusting the pressure parameter of the liquid, wherein the liquid is colored liquid with different colors similar to the cubic simulated coal rock mass, and the liquid injection machine 12 is communicated with the computer 8;
the method is characterized in that the color liquid with different colors from the color of the cubic analog coal rock body is prepared and injected into the cubic analog coal rock body, so that the cubic analog coal rock body is cut at a later stage to observe how the liquid is diffused in the hydraulic fracturing process.
The gaseous fluid medium transmission cracking mechanism comprises an explosive filled into the drill hole 6, an exploder for detonating the explosive and a thermal infrared imager 14 for collecting the conditions of the cubic similar simulation coal rock blasting gas propagation and diffusion, wherein the thermal infrared imager 14 is communicated with the computer 8;
by filling explosive into the solid-liquid coupled cubic analog coal rock, the thermal infrared imager 14 and the preset temperature sensor 7-2 are used to measure how the gas generated during the explosion process in the solid-liquid coupled cubic analog coal rock propagates.
The computer 8 is connected with a timer 9 for setting the development time of the crack after the crack is developed by the crack-inducing mechanism, a prompter 10 for prompting the experimenters that the crack is developed sufficiently, and a display 11 for displaying the crack expansion condition of the crack induced by the gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium.
It should be noted that, the purpose of connecting the timer 9 to the computer 8 is to set the time for the crack development after the crack is caused by the crack-causing mechanism, in practical use, the timer 9 can replace the manual recording time of the experimenter, so as to avoid delaying or missing the experiment time, and make the solid-liquid coupled cube similar to the simulated coal-rock mass miss the best time, the purpose of connecting the prompter 10 to the computer 8 is to actively prompt the experimenter, and in this embodiment, the prompter 10 is an indicator light or a wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is a GSM module or a short message cat module which is communicated with the mobile phone of the experimenter, so that the automatic operation of the experimental device is realized.
In this embodiment, the depth of the drill hole 6 is 0.2 h-0.8 h, where h is the side length of the cubic analog coal rock mass.
When the depth of the drilled hole 6 is too low or too deep, the explosive does not have a sufficient explosion effect, and the experiment is easy to fail, and the depth of the drilled hole 6 is preferably 0.6h.
In the embodiment, the number of the cubic similar simulation coal and rock bodies is multiple, so that the requirement of multiple experiments is met.
The method for the coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment shown in fig. 5 comprises the following steps:
step one, prefabricating a cube similar simulation coal rock mass: injecting prefabricated materials into a cube container by utilizing a similar simulation method according to physical characteristics of an actual coal rock mass to be simulated, building a cube similar simulation coal rock mass after curing for t time, embedding a data detection layer 5 in the cube similar simulation coal rock mass in the process of building the cube similar simulation coal rock mass, and vertically and inwards arranging a drilling hole 6 at the top center position of the cube similar simulation coal rock mass;
the number of the cubic containers is multiple, and a plurality of the cubic similar simulation coal and rock bodies can be prefabricated at the same time;
it is noted that, by prefabricating a plurality of cubic analog coal and rock bodies, different liquid injection pressures and different specific explosive charges which change in the formed solid-liquid coupling state cubic analog coal and rock bodies are adjusted for each cubic analog coal and rock body, and crack expansion data of injection pressure and blasting load parameters on the solid-liquid coupling state cubic analog coal and rock body are obtained.
In the embodiment, in the first step, in the process of building the cubic analog coal rock body, three data detection layers 5 are uniformly embedded in the cubic analog coal rock body, and the cubic analog coal rock body with the side length of 1m is selected for experiment.
Step two, building a coal rock mass experiment platform, wherein the process is as follows:
step 201, placing a cubic analog coal-rock mass in an experiment box 1, controlling a cylinder driver 13 by using a computer 8 to enable a plurality of cylinders 3 arranged on the side wall and the top plate of the experiment box 1 to apply pressure to the cubic analog coal-rock mass, and simulating the pressure of the actual coal-rock mass to be simulated by surrounding rock mass;
202, arranging a plurality of acoustic emission sensors 4 for monitoring crack propagation conditions of the cube similar simulated coal rock at edge positions of the cube similar simulated coal rock, wherein the number of the acoustic emission sensors 4 is six, the six acoustic emission sensors 4 are respectively arranged at the middle point positions of the intersecting edges of the cube similar simulated coal rock bottom surface and the rear side surface, the fourth acoustic emission sensor 4-4 is arranged at the middle point positions of the intersecting edges of the cube similar simulated coal rock top surface and the front side surface, the fifth acoustic emission sensor 4-5 and the sixth acoustic emission sensor 4-6 are respectively arranged at the two vertex positions of the intersecting edges of the cube similar simulated coal rock bottom surface and the front side surface, the fifth acoustic emission sensor 4-1 and the second acoustic emission sensor 4-2 are respectively arranged at the full-time positions of the intersecting edges of the cube similar simulated coal rock top surface and the front side surface, and the real-time conditions of the cube similar coal rock crack are detected by the third acoustic emission sensor 4-3;
step 203, connecting the data detection layer 5 and the sound emission sensor 4 with the computer 8 to realize data communication between the data detection layer 5 and the sound emission sensor 4 and the computer 8, and completing the construction of a coal-rock mass experimental platform;
step three, liquid medium transmission causes cracking: adjusting pressure parameters of injected liquid by the liquid injector 12, injecting the liquid into the drill hole 6 by using the liquid injector 12 until the injected liquid leaks out of the cubic analog coal-rock mass or the pressure of the injected liquid is reduced, wherein the liquid is colored liquid with different colors from the cubic analog coal-rock mass, and simultaneously establishing communication between the liquid injector 12 and the computer 8;
step four, formation of solid-liquid coupled state cubic analog coal rock mass: setting a time threshold value of standing after the liquid is injected into the cubic analog coal-rock mass through a timer 9, and timing by using the timer 9, wherein when the standing time of the cubic analog coal-rock mass after the liquid is injected reaches the time threshold value set by the timer 9, the computer 8 controls a prompter 10 to prompt an experimenter to finish the standing time, so that the full development of cracks caused by liquid medium transmission is realized, and the cubic analog coal-rock mass in a solid-liquid coupling state is obtained;
step five, the gaseous medium is transmitted to cause cracking: filling explosive into a drilling hole 6 of the solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body, detonating the explosive by using an exploder, vertically and uniformly dividing and cutting the solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body, respectively scanning the cavity of the cut solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body after explosion by using two infrared thermal imagers 14 to obtain gas temperature distribution values in the cavity, transmitting the temperature distribution values obtained after scanning by the infrared thermal imagers 14 to a computer 8, and drawing a temperature distribution diagram by using the temperature distribution values and temperature data acquired by a temperature sensor 7-2 by the computer 8 to obtain transmission cracking data of gas in the solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body during explosion, and observing the direction, depth and range of colored liquid in the solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body crack;
it should be noted that, two thermal infrared imagers 14 are adopted to scan the cavity of the solid-liquid coupling state cubic analog coal rock body cut after blasting respectively, so as to obtain the gas temperature distribution value in the cavity, in actual operation, when blasting is completed, the thermal infrared imagers 14 are adopted to scan immediately, so that the overlong temperature drop is prevented, the experimental error is larger, and the temperature is used for representing the range of the explosion influence; the different temperatures of the different areas show different explosion effects, and the high temperature shows strong explosion effect, the low temperature shows that the gas generated by explosion is transmitted to weaker parts, and the high temperature shows that the explosion stress is concentrated.
Step six, updating a coal rock mass experiment platform: dismantling the acoustic emission sensor 4, controlling the cylinder driver 13 by the computer 8 to retract the cylinder 3, and removing residues of the solid-liquid coupling state cubic similar simulation coal and rock mass in the experimental box 1;
and step seven, repeatedly cycling the step two to the step six, and obtaining conduction fracturing data caused by different pressure parameters of injected liquid and different unit consumption of filling explosive in a borehole 6 of the solid-liquid coupling state cubic analog simulation coal-rock mass.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for the coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment is characterized in that the coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment device is used for carrying out the coal rock mass gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment, and the method is characterized in that: the coal rock gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission cracking simulation experiment device comprises a coal rock experiment platform, a liquid fluid medium transmission cracking mechanism and a gaseous fluid medium transmission cracking mechanism, wherein the coal rock experiment platform comprises a computer (8), an experiment box (1) and a similar simulation coal rock (2) arranged in the experiment box (1), a cylinder (3) for applying pressure to the similar simulation coal rock (2) is arranged on the side wall and the top plate of the experiment box (1), the cylinder (3) is controlled by the computer (8) through a cylinder driver (13), the similar simulation coal rock (2) is a cubic similar simulation coal rock, a plurality of acoustic emission sensors (4) for monitoring crack propagation conditions of the cubic similar simulation coal rock are arranged at the edge position of the cubic similar simulation coal rock, a data detection layer (5) is buried in the cubic similar simulation coal rock in advance, a drilling hole (6) is vertically and inwards formed at the top center position of the cubic similar simulation coal rock, the data detection layer (5) comprises a plurality of sensor components (7) arranged around the center of the drilling hole (6), the sensor assembly (7) consists of a pressure sensor (7-1) for detecting the pressure generated by the liquid fluid medium induced cracking mechanism on the cubic similar simulated coal rock mass induced cracking and a temperature sensor (7-2) for detecting the temperature generated by the gaseous fluid medium induced cracking mechanism on the cubic similar simulated coal rock mass induced cracking, and the pressure sensor (7-1), the temperature sensor (7-2) and the sound emission sensor (4) are all in data communication with the computer (8);
the liquid fluid medium transfer fracturing mechanism comprises a liquid injector (12) for injecting liquid into a drill hole (6) and adjusting pressure parameters of the liquid, wherein the liquid is colored liquid with different colors similar to the cubic simulated coal rock mass, and the liquid injector (12) is communicated with a computer (8);
the gaseous fluid medium transmission cracking mechanism comprises an explosive filled into a drill hole (6), an exploder for detonating the explosive and a thermal infrared imager (14) for collecting the conditions of the cubic similar simulation coal rock blasting gas propagation diffusion, wherein the thermal infrared imager (14) is communicated with a computer (8);
the computer (8) is connected with a timer (9) for setting the development time of the crack after the crack is developed by the crack-inducing mechanism, a prompter (10) for prompting the experimenter that the crack is developed sufficiently, and a display (11) for displaying the crack expansion condition of the crack caused by the gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium;
the method comprises the following steps:
step one, prefabricating a cube similar simulation coal rock mass: injecting prefabricated materials into a cube container by utilizing a similar simulation method according to physical characteristics of an actual coal rock mass to be simulated, building a cube similar simulation coal rock mass after curing for t time, burying a data detection layer (5) in the cube similar simulation coal rock mass in the process of building the cube similar simulation coal rock mass, and vertically and inwards forming a drilling hole (6) at the top center position of the cube similar simulation coal rock mass;
the number of the cubic containers is multiple, and a plurality of the cubic similar simulation coal and rock bodies can be prefabricated at the same time;
step two, building a coal rock mass experiment platform, wherein the process is as follows:
step 201, placing a cubic analog coal-rock mass in an experiment box (1), and controlling a cylinder driver (13) by using a computer (8) to enable a plurality of cylinders (3) arranged on the side wall and the top plate of the experiment box (1) to apply pressure to the cubic analog coal-rock mass so as to simulate the pressure of the actual coal-rock mass to be simulated by surrounding rock mass;
step 202, arranging a plurality of acoustic emission sensors (4) for monitoring crack propagation conditions of the cube similar simulated coal rock body at edge positions of the cube similar simulated coal rock body, wherein the number of the acoustic emission sensors (4) is six, the six acoustic emission sensors (4) are respectively a first acoustic emission sensor (4-1), a second acoustic emission sensor (4-2), a third acoustic emission sensor (4-3), a fourth acoustic emission sensor (4-4), a fifth acoustic emission sensor (4-5) and a sixth acoustic emission sensor (4-6), the first acoustic emission sensor (4-1) and the second acoustic emission sensor (4-2) are respectively arranged at two vertex positions of an intersecting edge of the bottom surface and the front side surface of the cube similar simulated coal rock body, the third acoustic emission sensor (4-3) is respectively arranged at a midpoint position of the intersecting edge of the bottom surface and the rear side surface of the cube similar simulated coal rock body, the fourth acoustic emission sensor (4-4) is respectively arranged at a midpoint position of the intersecting edge of the top surface and the front side of the cube similar simulated coal rock body, the fifth acoustic emission sensor (4-5) is respectively arranged at a vertex position of the intersecting edge of the top surface and the front side of the cube similar simulated coal rock body (4-6), six acoustic emission sensors (4) are used for detecting the conditions of cracks in the cubic similar simulated coal rock mass in a full-range real-time manner;
step 203, connecting the data detection layer (5) and the sound emission sensor (4) with a computer (8), realizing data communication between the data detection layer (5) and the sound emission sensor (4) and the computer (8), and completing the construction of a coal rock mass experimental platform;
step three, liquid medium transmission causes cracking: adjusting pressure parameters of injected liquid through a liquid injection machine (12), injecting the liquid into a drilling hole (6) by using the liquid injection machine (12) until the injected liquid leaks out of the cubic analog coal-rock mass or the pressure of the injected liquid is reduced, wherein the liquid is colored liquid with different colors from the cubic analog coal-rock mass, and simultaneously establishing communication between the liquid injection machine (12) and a computer (8);
step four, formation of solid-liquid coupled state cubic analog coal rock mass: setting a time threshold value of standing after the liquid is injected into the cubic similar simulated coal and rock mass through a timer (9), and timing by the timer (9), wherein when the standing time of the cubic similar simulated coal and rock mass reaches the time threshold value set by the timer (9), a computer (8) controls a prompter (10) to prompt an experimenter to finish the standing time, so that the full development of cracks caused by liquid medium transmission is realized, and the cubic similar simulated coal and rock mass in a solid-liquid coupling state is obtained;
step five, the gaseous medium is transmitted to cause cracking: filling explosive into a drilling hole (6) of the solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body, detonating the explosive by using an exploder, vertically uniformly dividing and cutting the solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body, respectively scanning the cavity of the cut solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body after explosion by using two infrared thermal imagers (14), acquiring a gas temperature distribution value in the cavity, transmitting the temperature distribution value obtained after scanning by the infrared thermal imagers (14) to a computer (8), and drawing a temperature distribution diagram by using the temperature distribution value and temperature data acquired by a temperature sensor (7-2), so as to obtain the transmission cracking data of gas in the solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body during explosion, and observing the direction, depth and range of colored liquid in the solid-liquid coupled state cube similar simulation coal rock body crack;
step six, updating a coal rock mass experiment platform: dismantling the acoustic emission sensor (4), controlling the cylinder driver (13) by the computer (8) to retract the cylinder (3), and removing residues of the solid-liquid coupling state cubic similar simulation coal and rock mass in the experimental box (1);
and step seven, repeatedly cycling the step two to the step six, and obtaining conduction fracturing data caused by different pressure parameters of injected liquid and different unit consumption of filled explosive in a borehole (6) of the solid-liquid coupling state cubic analog simulation coal-rock mass.
2. The method for performing gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiments on coal and rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the number of the acoustic emission sensors (4) is six, the six acoustic emission sensors (4) are respectively a first acoustic emission sensor (4-1), a second acoustic emission sensor (4-2), a third acoustic emission sensor (4-3), a fourth acoustic emission sensor (4-4), a fifth acoustic emission sensor (4-5) and a sixth acoustic emission sensor (4-6), the first acoustic emission sensor (4-1) and the second acoustic emission sensor (4-2) are respectively arranged at two vertex positions of the intersecting edges of the bottom surface and the front side surface of the cube analog coal rock body, the third acoustic emission sensor (4-3) is arranged at the middle point position of the intersecting edges of the bottom surface and the rear side surface of the cube analog coal rock body, the fourth acoustic emission sensor (4-4) is arranged at the middle point position of the intersecting edges of the top surface and the front side surface of the cube analog coal rock body, and the fifth acoustic emission sensor (4-5) and the sixth acoustic emission sensor (4-6) are respectively arranged at the two vertex positions of the intersecting edges of the top surface and the rear side surface of the cube analog coal rock body.
3. The method for performing gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiments on coal and rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the number of the data detection layers (5) is multiple.
4. The method for performing gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiments on coal and rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the depth of the drilling hole (6) is 0.2-0.8 h, wherein h is the side length of the cubic similar simulation coal rock mass.
5. The method for performing gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiments on coal and rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the prompter (10) is an indicator light or a wireless communication module.
6. The method for carrying out the gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiment on the coal rock mass according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the wireless communication module is a GSM module or a short message cat module which is communicated with the mobile phone of the experimenter.
7. The method for performing gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiments on coal and rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the number of the cubic similar simulation coal rock bodies is a plurality.
8. The method for performing gas-liquid two-phase fluid medium transmission induced cracking simulation experiments on coal and rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the first step, three data detection layers (5) are uniformly buried in the cubic analog simulation coal rock mass in the process of building the cubic analog simulation coal rock mass.
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| CN110593866B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-09-13 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Multi-scale intra-crack gas-liquid two-phase flow simulation and inter-crack interference evaluation testing device |
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