CN107746332A - Utilize the method for lichee litter compost - Google Patents
Utilize the method for lichee litter compost Download PDFInfo
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- CN107746332A CN107746332A CN201711110976.4A CN201711110976A CN107746332A CN 107746332 A CN107746332 A CN 107746332A CN 201711110976 A CN201711110976 A CN 201711110976A CN 107746332 A CN107746332 A CN 107746332A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method using lichee litter compost, boiling and quick-frozen processing repeatedly are carried out to not withered lichee fallen leaves, and it is inoculated with mixed bacteria liquid using it as raw material, seed fermentation liquid is prepared with reference to heating, magnetic field and oscillation and fermentation cultivation, using seed fermentation liquid and far-infared ceramic powder to lichee fallen leaves, sheep manure, cow dung, wormcast, bamboo charcoal, powder of straw, bacteria residue and haydite according to 14 16:2:6:3:1:1:1:1 composting being mixed to prepare carries out inspiring ferment to complete compost fermentation.The method that the present invention utilizes lichee litter compost, using lichee fallen leaves as major ingredient, composting cycle is short, and obtained organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is high, fruits and vegetables is increased production obvious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to litter compost technical field.It is more particularly related to a kind of utilize lichee litter compost
Method.
Background technology
Lichee is the good fruit in China south of the Five Ridges, and color, smell and taste are all beautiful, there is the title of fruit king, and lichee Pterostyrax aiphyllium is high up to 20 meters,
Lichee market conditions are good, plantation yield it is larger, in planting process, weather deterioration can cause the leaf on litchi come off compared with
More, litchi is because its fruit is welcome and plantation amount is quite big, and lichee fallen leaves naturally also bulk deposition, lichee fallen leaves are the same as it at present
His leaf is the same, burning or compost treatment, but composting material, based on people and animals' excreta, fallen leaves are only that numerous compost are former
Dispensable a kind of raw material in material.Conventional compost method is that composting material is directly piled up to fermentation nature to make compost at present, also
Or microbe inoculation microbial inoculum carries out accelerating fermentation to prepare organic fertilizer, however, being fallen leaves for substantial amounts of lichee, using spontaneous fermentation
Or the directly method of microbe inoculation microbial inoculum, the cycle for producing fertilizer is grown, raw material availability is extremely low, and fertilizer efficiency is also low.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above, and provide the advantages of at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of method using lichee litter compost, this method using lichee fallen leaves as
Major ingredient, composting cycle is short, and obtained organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is high, fruits and vegetables is increased production obvious.
In order to realize according to object of the present invention and further advantage, there is provided a kind of side using lichee litter compost
Method, comprise the following steps：
A, lichee is fallen leaves and classified, filtered out not withered lichee fallen leaves, cleaning, dry, coarse crushing obtains the broken leaf of lichee, will
The broken leaf of lichee and 5-8 times of water of its weight, the autoclaving 20-25min under conditions of pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, after filtering
The first filtrate and the first broken leaf, and by the first broken leaf quick-frozen 5h immediately, then the first filtrate is boiled, add it is quick-frozen after the
One broken leaf, continues to boil 10min, filters to obtain the second filtrate and the second broken leaf, then by the second broken leaf quick-frozen 3h immediately, then by
Two filtrates are boiled, and the second broken leaf after addition is quick-frozen, are continued to boil 5min, are filtered to obtain the 3rd broken leaf and the 3rd filtrate；
B, the 3rd filtrate is placed in water bath with thermostatic control container, is heated to 40-45 DEG C, will be quick-frozen after the 3rd broken leaf be placed in perseverance
In tepidarium container, after thawing completely, then by the 3rd broken leaf in water bath with thermostatic control container and the 3rd filtrate together defibrination, first is obtained
Slurries, 2% chitosan oligosaccharide, 8%-10% farina and 5%-7% dregs of beans of its weight are added into the first slurries
Powder, 10% mixed bacteria liquid that the first slurry weight is inoculated with after mixing are cultivated stage by stage, and the first stage is 30-35 in fermentation temperature
Fermented 24h at DEG C, and second stage is fermented 7-8h at being 40-45 DEG C in fermentation temperature, and the phase III ferments 3- at 50-55 DEG C
5h, obtains seed fermentation liquid, and the preparation method of the mixed bacteria liquid is as follows：By the brown sugar that wormcast and mass concentration are 15-20%
Water is 1 by weight:24h is stood after 5 mixing, filters to obtain the 4th filtrate, then by the 4th filtrate and living bacteria count be 25,000,000,000/g
The type freeze-dried powder of JT strains II by weight being 20-25:1 mixing, produces mixed bacteria liquid；
Wherein, it is placed in magnetic after oscillation and fermentation cultivation 7h under conditions of shaking speed is 30-40r/min in the first stage
Field intensity is to stand 1h in 1-2.5mT environment, and is repeated 2 times；
C, lichee is fallen leaves, sheep manure, cow dung, wormcast, bamboo charcoal, powder of straw, bacteria residue and haydite be according to 14-16:2:6:3:
1:1:1:1 mixing, is made composting, adjusts the moisture of composting to 40-60%, by composting heap to total in in-vessel composting system
Highly it is 1.3-1.5m, in composting process, during compost heap to 15-20cm height, uniformly sprays seed fermentation liquid once, then often
Interval 30-35cm sprays seed fermentation liquid once, and the weight for spraying seed fermentation liquid every time is the 2-4% of composting gross weight,
4-5 times altogether, when compost is banked up to 30-35cm height, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields far-infared ceramic powder once, then at interval of 30-35cm,
Spread fertilizer over the fields far-infared ceramic powder once, the weight for spreading fertilizer over the fields far-infared ceramic powder every time is the 0.5% of composting gross weight, altogether 3-4
It is secondary；
D, it is 1 according to weight ratio by wormcast and water:5 are uniformly mixed so as to obtain wet wormcast, in its upper table after composting heap is complete
Wet wormcast thick layer heap 5cm, and plastic covering diaphragm seal is fermented 10-18 days.
Preferably, the method using lichee litter compost, in step C, when preparing composting, lichee is fallen
Leaf boils 30min with boiling water, immediately by the cold water shower 10-15min of lichee -4 DEG C of use of fallen leaves after filtering.
Preferably, the method using lichee litter compost, in addition to：It will be obtained after the completion of fermentation in step D
To organic fertilizer be first placed in 40 DEG C of heated-air drying 3h, then be placed in 45 DEG C of dry 2h, then be placed in 50 DEG C of dry 1h, then using vacuum
Degree 500Pa, temperature are to be dried in vacuo 5h at 40 DEG C, produce dry organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the method using lichee litter compost, during being sealed by fermentation in step D, from the 3rd day
Rise, dilution zymotic fluid was sprayed 1 time at interval of 1 day, the amount of spraying is the 10-15% of composting gross weight every time, the dilution fermentation
Liquid is diluted with water 5 times for seed fermentation liquid and obtained.
Preferably, the method using lichee litter compost, quick-frozen temperature is -25~-40 DEG C in step A.
Preferably, the method using lichee litter compost, bean cake powder described in step B be soyabean expeller dry to
Moisture obtains less than 10%.
Preferably, the method using lichee litter compost, when preparing composting in step D, in lichee fallen leaves
Withered lichee fallen leaves proportion is 20-35%.
The method that the present invention utilizes lichee litter compost, simple easily operated, efficiency high shorter than the Traditional compost time, system
The organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency obtained is high, has preferable effect as base manure and top dressing for fruits and vegetables plantation, including at least beneficial below
Effect：
1) present invention prepares seed fermentation liquid using not withered lichee fallen leaves, and one layer remote by one layer of seed fermentation liquid
Infrared ceramic powder carrys out compost, quicklys promote the decomposed of composting, and the compost time is greatly shortened on the basis of Traditional compost method,
Composting efficiency is improved, improves the quality for the organic fertilizer that compost obtains；
2) combined by the processing mode cultivated in heat up stage by stage culture, shaken cultivation, magnetic field, to micro- in mixed bacteria liquid
Biology carries out survival of the fittest screening, and enhancement microbiological strengthens the activity of microorganism in seed fermentation liquid to adaptive capacity to environment, from
And improve its fermentability；
3) by not withered lichee fallen leaves by autoclaving, it is quick-frozen, boil, quick-frozen processing repeatedly, promote
Lichee fallen leaves breaking-wall cell and nutritional ingredient release, contribute to microorganism growth metabolism, improve fermentation efficiency, substantially reduce
Obtain the time of high activity seed fermentation liquid；
4) when making composting, lichee fallen leaves are boiled into cold water shower again with boiling water, contribute to lichee fallen leaves by micro- life
Thing accelerates decomposed, the shortening compost time using decomposing；
5) by the heating drying of organic fertilizer hot blast, then the drying organic fertilizer for being made and being easy to preserve, the processing side are dried in vacuo
Viable count in the drying organic fertilizer that method obtains is high, and fertilizer efficiency is good；
6) during compost is sealed by fermentation, interval sprays dilution zymotic fluid, can improve fermentation maturity efficiency, when shortening compost
Between.
Further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention embodies part by following explanation, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art's reference say
Bright book word can be implemented according to this.
It should be noted that experimental method described in following embodiments, is conventional method unless otherwise specified, institute
Reagent and material are stated, unless otherwise specified, is commercially obtained.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of method using lichee litter compost, comprise the following steps：
A, lichee is fallen leaves and classified, filtered out not withered lichee fallen leaves, cleaning, dry, coarse crushing obtains the broken leaf of lichee, will
The broken leaf of lichee and 5 times of water of its weight, the autoclaving 20min under conditions of pressure is 0.3MPa, obtain the first filter after filtering
Liquid and the first broken leaf, and by the first broken leaf quick-frozen 5h immediately, then boil the first filtrate, add it is quick-frozen after the first broken leaf,
Continue to boil 10min, filter to obtain the second filtrate and the second broken leaf, then by the second broken leaf quick-frozen 3h immediately, then by the second filtrate
Boil, the second broken leaf after addition is quick-frozen, continue to boil 5min, filter to obtain the 3rd broken leaf and the 3rd filtrate；
B, the 3rd filtrate is placed in water bath with thermostatic control container, is heated to 40 DEG C, will be quick-frozen after the 3rd broken leaf be placed in constant temperature
In water bath containers, after thawing completely, then by the 3rd broken leaf in water bath with thermostatic control container and the 3rd filtrate together defibrination, the first slurry is obtained
Liquid, 2% chitosan oligosaccharide, 8% farina and 5% bean cake powder, mixing that its weight is added into the first slurries are followed by
10% mixed bacteria liquid of kind of the first slurry weight is cultivated stage by stage, the first stage be 30 DEG C in fermentation temperature at ferment 24h, the
Two-stage ferments 7h at being 40 DEG C in fermentation temperature, and the phase III ferments 3h at 50 DEG C, obtains seed fermentation liquid, the Mixed Microbes
The preparation method of liquid is as follows：It is 1 by weight by the brown sugar water that wormcast and mass concentration are 15%:24h is stood after 5 mixing,
The 4th filtrate is filtered to obtain, then is by weight for the 25000000000/g type freeze-dried powder of JT strains II by the 4th filtrate and living bacteria count
20:1 mixing, produces mixed bacteria liquid；
Wherein, it is strong to be placed in magnetic field after oscillation and fermentation cultivation 7h under conditions of shaking speed is 30r/min in the first stage
Spend in the environment for 1mT and stand 1h, and be repeated 2 times, 3 times altogether, total used time 24h；
C, lichee is fallen leaves, sheep manure, cow dung, wormcast, bamboo charcoal, powder of straw, bacteria residue and haydite be according to 14:2:6:3:1:1:
1:1 mixing, is made composting, adjusts the moisture of composting to 40%, be by composting heap to total height in in-vessel composting system
1.3-1.5m, in composting process, during compost heap to 15-20cm height, uniformly spray seed fermentation liquid once, then at interval of
30-35cm sprays seed fermentation liquid once, and the weight for spraying seed fermentation liquid every time is the 2% of composting gross weight, altogether 4-5
It is secondary, when compost is banked up to 30-35cm height, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields far-infared ceramic powder once, then at interval of 30-35cm, spread fertilizer over the fields remote
Infrared ceramic powder once, spread fertilizer over the fields every time far-infared ceramic powder weight be composting gross weight 0.5%, 3-4 times altogether；
D, it is 1 according to weight ratio by wormcast and water:5 are uniformly mixed so as to obtain wet wormcast, in its upper table after composting heap is complete
Wet wormcast thick layer heap 5cm, and plastic covering diaphragm seal ferment 18 days (during diaphragm seal is fermented, can be suitably according to hair
Ferment temperature of charge, carry out turning over the ventilative processing of fertilizer using conventional method, to control fermentation materials temperature between 40-60 DEG C).
Wherein, temperature quick-frozen in step A is -25 DEG C.
Wherein, bean cake powder described in step B is that the black soya bean dregs of rice are less than 15% with soyabean expeller drying to moisture, by weight
For 3:1 obtains.
Wherein, when preparing composting in step D, the lichee fallen leaves proportion to be dried up in lichee fallen leaves is 20%.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of method using lichee litter compost, comprise the following steps：
A, lichee is fallen leaves and classified, filtered out not withered lichee fallen leaves, cleaning, dry, coarse crushing obtains the broken leaf of lichee, will
The broken leaf of lichee and 8 times of water of its weight, the autoclaving 25min under conditions of pressure is 0.5MPa, obtain the first filter after filtering
Liquid and the first broken leaf, and by the first broken leaf quick-frozen 5h immediately, then boil the first filtrate, add it is quick-frozen after the first broken leaf,
Continue to boil 10min, filter to obtain the second filtrate and the second broken leaf, then by the second broken leaf quick-frozen 3h immediately, then by the second filtrate
Boil, the second broken leaf after addition is quick-frozen, continue to boil 5min, filter to obtain the 3rd broken leaf and the 3rd filtrate；
B, the 3rd filtrate is placed in water bath with thermostatic control container, is heated to 45 DEG C, will be quick-frozen after the 3rd broken leaf be placed in constant temperature
In water bath containers, after thawing completely, then by the 3rd broken leaf in water bath with thermostatic control container and the 3rd filtrate together defibrination, the first slurry is obtained
Liquid, 2% chitosan oligosaccharide, 10% farina and 7% bean cake powder, mixing that its weight is added into the first slurries are followed by
10% mixed bacteria liquid of kind of the first slurry weight is cultivated stage by stage, the first stage be 35 DEG C in fermentation temperature at ferment 24h, the
Two-stage ferments 8h at being 45 DEG C in fermentation temperature, and the phase III ferments 5h at 55 DEG C, obtains seed fermentation liquid, the Mixed Microbes
The preparation method of liquid is as follows：It is 1 by weight by the brown sugar water that wormcast and mass concentration are 20%:24h is stood after 5 mixing,
The 4th filtrate is filtered to obtain, then is by weight for the 25000000000/g type freeze-dried powder of JT strains II by the 4th filtrate and living bacteria count
25:1 mixing, produces mixed bacteria liquid；
Wherein, it is strong to be placed in magnetic field after oscillation and fermentation cultivation 7h under conditions of shaking speed is 40r/min in the first stage
Spend in the environment for 2.5mT and stand 1h, and be repeated 2 times, 3 times altogether, total used time 24h；
C, lichee is fallen leaves and (handled through coarse crushing), sheep manure, cow dung, wormcast, bamboo charcoal, powder of straw, bacteria residue and haydite are pressed
According to 16:2:6:3:1:1:1:1 mixing, is made composting, the moisture of composting is adjusted to 60%, by compost in in-vessel composting system
Material heap to total height is 1.3-1.5m, in composting process, during compost heap to 15-20cm height, uniformly sprays seed fermentation liquid one
It is secondary, then spray seed fermentation liquid once at interval of 30-35cm, the weight for spraying seed fermentation liquid every time is composting gross weight
4%, 4-5 times altogether, when compost is banked up to 30-35cm height, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields far-infared ceramic powder once, then at interval of
30-35cm, spreads fertilizer over the fields far-infared ceramic powder once, and the weight for spreading fertilizer over the fields far-infared ceramic powder every time is the 0.5% of composting gross weight,
3-4 times altogether；
D, it is 1 according to weight ratio by wormcast and water:5 are uniformly mixed so as to obtain wet wormcast, in its upper table after composting heap is complete
Wet wormcast thick layer heap 5cm, and plastic covering diaphragm seal ferment 10 days (during diaphragm seal is fermented, can be suitably according to hair
Ferment temperature of charge, carry out turning over the ventilative processing of fertilizer using conventional method, to control fermentation materials temperature between 40-60 DEG C).
Wherein, temperature quick-frozen in step A is -40 DEG C.
Wherein, bean cake powder described in step B is that the drying of the black soya bean dregs of rice obtains to moisture less than 10%.
Wherein, when preparing composting in step D, the lichee fallen leaves proportion to be dried up in lichee fallen leaves is 35%.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of method using lichee litter compost, comprise the following steps：
A, lichee is fallen leaves and classified, filtered out not withered lichee fallen leaves, cleaning, dry, coarse crushing obtains the broken leaf of lichee, will
The broken leaf of lichee and 6.5 times of water of its weight, the autoclaving 22min under conditions of pressure is 0.4MPa, obtain first after filtering
Filtrate and the first broken leaf, and by the first broken leaf quick-frozen 5h immediately, then boil the first filtrate, add it is quick-frozen after it is first broken
Leaf, continue to boil 10min, filter to obtain the second filtrate and the second broken leaf, then by the second broken leaf quick-frozen 3h immediately, then by the second filter
Liquid boils, and the second broken leaf after addition is quick-frozen, continues to boil 5min, filters to obtain the 3rd broken leaf and the 3rd filtrate；
B, the 3rd filtrate is placed in water bath with thermostatic control container, is heated to 42 DEG C, will be quick-frozen after the 3rd broken leaf be placed in constant temperature
In water bath containers, after thawing completely, then by the 3rd broken leaf in water bath with thermostatic control container and the 3rd filtrate together defibrination, the first slurry is obtained
Liquid, 2% chitosan oligosaccharide, 9% farina and 6% bean cake powder, mixing that its weight is added into the first slurries are followed by
10% mixed bacteria liquid of kind of the first slurry weight is cultivated stage by stage, the first stage be 33 DEG C in fermentation temperature at ferment 24h, the
Two-stage ferments 7.5h at being 42 DEG C in fermentation temperature, and the phase III ferments 4h at 52 DEG C, obtains seed fermentation liquid, the mixing
The preparation method of bacterium solution is as follows：It is 1 by weight by the brown sugar water that wormcast and mass concentration are 18%:Stood after 5 mixing
24h, filters to obtain the 4th filtrate, then by the 4th filtrate and the type freeze-dried powder of JT strains II that living bacteria count is 25,000,000,000/g by weight
Than for 22:1 mixing, produces mixed bacteria liquid；
Wherein, it is strong to be placed in magnetic field after oscillation and fermentation cultivation 7h under conditions of shaking speed is 35r/min in the first stage
Spend in the environment for 1.8mT and stand 1h, and be repeated 2 times, 3 times altogether, total used time 24h；
C, lichee is fallen leaves, sheep manure, cow dung, wormcast, bamboo charcoal, powder of straw, bacteria residue and haydite be according to 15:2:6:3:1:1:
1:1 mixing, is made composting, adjusts the moisture of composting to 50%, be by composting heap to total height in in-vessel composting system
1.3-1.5m, in composting process, during compost heap to 15-20cm height, uniformly spray seed fermentation liquid once, then at interval of
30-35cm sprays seed fermentation liquid once, and the weight for spraying seed fermentation liquid every time is the 3% of composting gross weight, altogether 4-5
It is secondary, when compost is banked up to 30-35cm height, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields far-infared ceramic powder once, then at interval of 30-35cm, spread fertilizer over the fields remote
Infrared ceramic powder once, spread fertilizer over the fields every time far-infared ceramic powder weight be composting gross weight 0.5%, 3-4 times altogether；
D, it is 1 according to weight ratio by wormcast and water:5 are uniformly mixed so as to obtain wet wormcast, in its upper table after composting heap is complete
Wet wormcast thick layer heap 5cm, and plastic covering diaphragm seal ferment 14 days (during diaphragm seal is fermented, can be suitably according to hair
Ferment temperature of charge, carry out turning over the ventilative processing of fertilizer using conventional method, to control fermentation materials temperature between 40-60 DEG C).
Wherein, temperature quick-frozen in step A is -30 DEG C.
Wherein, bean cake powder described in step B is that soyabean expeller drying obtains to moisture less than 10%.
Wherein, when preparing composting in step D, the lichee fallen leaves proportion to be dried up in lichee fallen leaves is 28%.
Embodiment 4：
On the basis of embodiment 3, the method using lichee litter compost, in step C, composting is prepared
When, lichee fallen leaves are boiled into 30min with boiling water, immediately by the cold water shower 10-15min of lichee -4 DEG C of use of fallen leaves after filtering.
Embodiment 5：
On the basis of embodiment 3, the method using lichee litter compost, in addition to：By the fermentation in step D
After the completion of obtained organic fertilizer be first placed in 40 DEG C of heated-air drying 3h, then be placed in 45 DEG C of dry 2h, then be placed in 50 DEG C of dry 1h, then
5h is dried in vacuo at vacuum 500Pa, temperature are used as 40 DEG C, produces dry organic fertilizer.
Embodiment 6：
On the basis of embodiment 4, the method using lichee litter compost, during being sealed by fermentation in step D,
From the 3rd day, dilution zymotic fluid was sprayed 1 time at interval of 1 day, the amount of spraying is the 10-15% of composting gross weight every time, described dilute
Zymotic fluid is released to be diluted with water 5 times for seed fermentation liquid and obtain.
Comparative example 1：
Lichee is fallen leaves, sheep manure, cow dung, wormcast, bamboo charcoal, powder of straw, bacteria residue and haydite be according to 16:2:6:3:1:1:1:
1 mixing, is made composting, adjusts the moisture of composting to 60%, be by composting heap to total height in in-vessel composting system
1.3-1.5m cover film spontaneous fermentation 45 days.(during diaphragm seal is fermented, can be suitably according to fermentation materials temperature, using normal
Rule method carries out turning over the ventilative processing of fertilizer, to control fermentation materials temperature between 40-60 DEG C).
In order to illustrate beneficial effect of the present invention using the organic fertilizer of the method preparation of lichee litter compost, the application's
Inventor is used for small tomato, green pepper, garlic, apple for organic fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1-6 and organic fertilizer prepared by comparative example 1
Fruit, the plantation of pears, watermelon, lichee, contrast test is carried out, count the rate of growth of its relative usage cow dung muck, same kind
Rich water quality management all same in the seedlings of fruits and vegetables, planting soil, implantation methods and planting process, test effect are shown in Table 1.
1 different organic fertilizers of table are applied to the simulation experiments effect of different fruits and vegetables plantation
As shown in Table 1, small tomato, green pepper, garlic, apple, pears, watermelon, lichee planting process in, use comparative example
1 organic fertilizer prepared can be such that it increases production on a small quantity, but organic fertilizer prepared by the method for the embodiment of the present invention 1 to embodiment 6, can make
It largely increases production.Although drying organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency prepared by embodiment 5 is slightly below embodiment 3, the method preparation of embodiment 5
It is easily stored to dry organic fertilizer.Based on the present invention is fallen leaves with lichee, prepare that fertilizer efficiency is high to be had using shorter fermentation time
Machine fertilizer.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, it is of the invention and unlimited
In specific details and shown here as the embodiment with description.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. method using lichee litter compost, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：A, lichee is fallen leaves and classified, filtered out not withered lichee fallen leaves, cleaning, dry, coarse crushing obtains the broken leaf of lichee, by lichee 5-8 times of water of broken leaf and its weight, the autoclaving 20-25min under conditions of pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa must the after filtering One filtrate and the first broken leaf, and by the first broken leaf quick-frozen 5h immediately, then boil the first filtrate, add it is quick-frozen after it is first broken Leaf, continue to boil 10min, filter to obtain the second filtrate and the second broken leaf, then by the second broken leaf quick-frozen 3h immediately, then by the second filter Liquid boils, and the second broken leaf after addition is quick-frozen, continues to boil 5min, filters to obtain the 3rd broken leaf and the 3rd filtrate；B, the 3rd filtrate is placed in water bath with thermostatic control container, is heated to 40-45 DEG C, will be quick-frozen after the 3rd broken leaf be placed in thermostatted water Bathe in container, after thawing completely, then by the 3rd broken leaf in water bath with thermostatic control container and the 3rd filtrate together defibrination, obtain the first slurry Liquid, 2% chitosan oligosaccharide, 8%-10% farina and 5%-7% bean cake powder of its weight are added into the first slurries, 10% mixed bacteria liquid that the first slurry weight is inoculated with after mixing is cultivated stage by stage, and the first stage is 30-35 DEG C in fermentation temperature Lower fermentation 24h, second stage are fermented 7-8h at being 40-45 DEG C in fermentation temperature, and the phase III ferments 3-5h at 50-55 DEG C, Seed fermentation liquid is obtained, the preparation method of the mixed bacteria liquid is as follows：Wormcast and mass concentration are pressed for 15-20% brown sugar water Weight ratio is 1:24h is stood after 5 mixing, filters to obtain the 4th filtrate, then by the 4th filtrate and JT that living bacteria count is 25,000,000,000/g The type freeze-dried powder of strain II is by weight 20-25:1 mixing, produces mixed bacteria liquid；Wherein, it is strong to be placed in magnetic field after oscillation and fermentation cultivation 7h under conditions of shaking speed is 30-40r/min in the first stage Spend in the environment for 1-2.5mT and stand 1h, and be repeated 2 times；C, lichee is fallen leaves, sheep manure, cow dung, wormcast, bamboo charcoal, powder of straw, bacteria residue and haydite be according to 14-16:2:6:3:1:1: 1:1 mixing, is made composting, the moisture of composting is adjusted to 40-60%, by composting heap to total height in in-vessel composting system For 1.3-1.5m, in composting process, during compost heap to 15-20cm height, uniformly spray seed fermentation liquid once, then at interval of 30-35cm sprays seed fermentation liquid once, and the weight for spraying seed fermentation liquid every time is the 2-4% of composting gross weight, is amounted to 4-5 times, when compost is banked up to 30-35cm height, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields far-infared ceramic powder once, then at interval of 30-35cm, spread fertilizer over the fields Far-infared ceramic powder once, spread fertilizer over the fields every time far-infared ceramic powder weight be composting gross weight 0.5%, 3-4 times altogether；D, it is 1 according to weight ratio by wormcast and water:5 are uniformly mixed so as to obtain wet wormcast, in its upper epidermis heap after composting heap is complete Wet wormcast thick 5cm, and plastic covering diaphragm seal is fermented 10-18 days.
- 2. the method for lichee litter compost is utilized as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step C, prepare composting When, lichee fallen leaves are boiled into 30min with boiling water, immediately by the cold water shower 10-15min of lichee -4 DEG C of use of fallen leaves after filtering.
- 3. the method for lichee litter compost is utilized as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：By the hair in step D The organic fertilizer obtained after the completion of ferment is first placed in 40 DEG C of heated-air drying 3h, then is placed in 45 DEG C of dry 2h, then is placed in 50 DEG C of dry 1h, 5h is dried in vacuo at vacuum 500Pa, temperature are used again as 40 DEG C, produces dry organic fertilizer.
- 4. the method for lichee litter compost is utilized as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that be sealed by fermentation process in step D In, from the 3rd day, at interval of dilution zymotic fluid is sprayed within 1 day 1 time, the amount of spraying was the 10-15% of composting gross weight every time, institute It is that seed fermentation liquid is diluted with water 5 times and obtained to state dilution zymotic fluid.
- 5. as claimed in claim 1 utilize lichee litter compost method, it is characterised in that in step A quick-frozen temperature for- 25~-40 DEG C.
- 6. the method for lichee litter compost is utilized as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that bean cake powder is described in step B Soyabean expeller drying obtains to moisture less than 10%.
- 7. the method for lichee litter compost is utilized as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that when preparing composting in step D, The lichee fallen leaves proportion to be dried up in lichee fallen leaves is 20-35%.
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| CN201711110976.4A CN107746332A (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2017-11-13 | Utilize the method for lichee litter compost |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108314482A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | A kind of promotion organic matter degradation accelerates compost maturity method and its device |
| CN109734487A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-10 | 中南民族大学 | The Organic fertilizer production method of numerous microbial inoculum is expanded in a kind of inoculation of multiple spot stage by stage domestication |
| CN112122299A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 陆丹 | Rapid degradation process for treating tree leaves |
-
2017
- 2017-11-13 CN CN201711110976.4A patent/CN107746332A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108314482A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | A kind of promotion organic matter degradation accelerates compost maturity method and its device |
| CN109734487A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-10 | 中南民族大学 | The Organic fertilizer production method of numerous microbial inoculum is expanded in a kind of inoculation of multiple spot stage by stage domestication |
| CN112122299A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 陆丹 | Rapid degradation process for treating tree leaves |
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