CN107746256B - 一种纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料及其制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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CN107746256B
CN107746256B CN201711036927.0A CN201711036927A CN107746256B CN 107746256 B CN107746256 B CN 107746256B CN 201711036927 A CN201711036927 A CN 201711036927A CN 107746256 B CN107746256 B CN 107746256B
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张全旺
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料,按重量份计,其包括以下原料:陶瓷泥粉30‑35份;无碱玻璃纤维短切纱40‑45份;水玻璃8‑10份;氧化锆4‑8份;二甲基亚砜10‑20份;水基50‑80份;硼酸锌2‑5份;氧化铝5‑10份,本发明还公开了上述纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:通过模压成型得到胚料制品,并烘焙除去水分,然后在温度为800‑1200℃下进行烧结使陶瓷固化得到本发明中的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料。本发明中的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的阻燃性能好、防腐耐酸耐碱且燃烧时不会释放出有害气体,还具有抗氧化性好的优点,可广泛应用于电缆支架和电缆桥架。

Description

一种纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料及其制备方法与应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷基复合材料,特别涉及到一种纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料及其制备方法,本发明中提供的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料尤其适合应用于电缆支架或电缆桥架中。
背景技术
电缆支架和电缆桥架通常由角铁型材经焊接或紧固件联拼接装而成,而钢铁在地铁、隧道、化工企业、多雨潮湿或沿海盐雾等恶劣条件下使用极易锈蚀,设施的维护费用高,使用寿命也较短,且不绝缘,目前虽采用外涂油漆或热镀锌等技术处理,却不能从根本上解决锈蚀问题,严重影响了使用的安全性和耐久性,为了解决这些问题,有人使用非金属填料与树脂复合材料来制作电缆支架和电缆桥架,虽然改善了反腐性能和绝缘性能,但是其阻燃性能差,燃烧后会放出大量的有害气体。
综上所述,有必要研制出一种阻燃性能优异、防腐蚀且绝缘的新型复合材料以应用于电缆支架和电缆桥架。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供一种阻燃性能优异、防腐蚀且绝缘的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料。
为了解决上述问题,采用以下技术方案:
一种纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料,按重量份计,包括以下原料:
陶瓷泥粉30-35份;无碱玻璃纤维短切纱40-45份;水玻璃8-10份;氧化锆4-8份;二甲基亚砜10-20份;水基50-80份;硼酸锌2-5份;氧化铝5-10份。
在上述纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料中,陶瓷泥粉和无碱玻璃纤维短切纱为主要增强体,氧化锆为表面涂烧基料,硼酸锌为增稠剂,氧化铝为增韧剂。
优选地,上述纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料包括以下原料:
陶瓷泥粉31-33份;无碱玻璃纤维短切纱41-43份;水玻璃8.5-9.5份;氧化锆5-7份;二甲基亚砜13-17份;水基60-70份;硼酸锌3-4份;氧化铝7-8份。
更优选地,上述陶瓷泥粉和水玻璃的质量复配比为32:9。
最为优选地,上述纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料包括以下原料:
陶瓷泥粉32份;无碱玻璃纤维短切纱42份;水玻璃9份;氧化锆6份;二甲基亚砜15份;水基65份;硼酸锌3.5份;氧化铝7.5份。
优选地,上述纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料还包括4-6份偶联剂KH-550。
制备上述纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
a.将长度为30-50cm的无碱玻璃纤维短切纱、陶瓷泥粉、硼酸锌加入水基搅拌,然后加入水玻璃得到浆料1;
b.将硼酸锌溶解于二甲基亚砜后加入上述浆料1得到浆料2;
c.将氧化锆和水调和浆料2涂层表面,通过模压成型得到胚料制品,并烘焙除去水分,然后在温度为800-1200℃下进行烧结使陶瓷固化,即得纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料。
优选地,上述步骤c中烧结温度为900-930℃。
其中,所述液压机模塑成型中模具预热为80-100℃,时间为5-10min,工作压力为10-25MPa。
上述步骤c中烧结温度优选为900-930℃。
本发明中的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料可用于电缆支架或电缆桥架中。
和现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明通过添加特定重量含量的陶瓷泥粉和无碱玻璃纤维短切纱作为主要增强体,并控制烧结温度为800℃-1200℃下固化成型,得到的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的阻燃性能可全部达到防火材料中的A1级,阻燃性能好,还具有绝缘、抗氧化性好、防腐蚀、耐酸耐碱且燃烧时不会释放出有害气体的优点,本发明中的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料可广泛应用于电缆支架或电缆桥架。
具体实施方式
下面给出实施例以对本发明进行具体的描述,有必要在此指出的是以下实施例只用于对本发明进行进一步说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,该领域的普通技术人员根据该实施例对本发明所做出的一些非本质的改进或调整仍属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1-5 纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的制备
a.将长度为30-50cm的无碱玻璃纤维短切纱、陶瓷泥粉、硼酸锌加入水基搅拌,然后加入水玻璃得到浆料1;
b.将硼酸锌溶解于二甲基亚砜后加入上述浆料1得到浆料2;
c.将氧化锆和水调和浆料2涂层表面,通过模压成型得到胚料制品,并烘焙除去水分,然后在温度为800-1200℃下进行烧结使陶瓷固化,即得纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料。
表1 实施例1-5各组分配方(重量份数)和性能数据测试结果
Figure 324773DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
性能数据测试标准
燃烧级别按照GB8624-2006《建筑材料及制品燃烧性能分级》标准测试得到。

Claims (9)

1.一种纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料,其特征在于,按重量份计,包括以下原料:陶瓷泥粉30-35份;无碱玻璃纤维短切纱40-45份;水玻璃8-10份;氧化锆4-8份;二甲基亚砜10-20份;水50-80份;硼酸锌2-5份;氧化铝5-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料,其特征在于,包括以下原料:陶瓷泥粉31-33份;无碱玻璃纤维短切纱41-43份;水玻璃8.5-9.5份;氧化锆5-7份;二甲基亚砜13-17份;水60-70份;硼酸锌3-4份;氧化铝7-8份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料,其特征在于,所述陶瓷泥粉和水玻璃的质量比为32:9。
4.根据权利要求3所述的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料,其特征在于,包括以下原料:陶瓷泥粉32份;无碱玻璃纤维短切纱42份;水玻璃9份;氧化锆6份;二甲基亚砜15份;水65份;硼酸锌3.5份;氧化铝7.5份。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料,其特征在于,还包括4-6份偶联剂KH-550。
6.制备权利要求1-5任一项所述的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
a.将长度为30-50cm的无碱玻璃纤维短切纱、陶瓷泥粉、硼酸锌加入水搅拌,然后加入水玻璃得到浆料1;
b.将硼酸锌溶解于二甲基亚砜后加入上述浆料1得到浆料2;
c.将氧化锆和水调和浆料2涂层表面,通过模压成型得到胚料制品,烘焙除去水分,然后在温度为800-1200℃下进行烧结使陶瓷固化,即得纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤c中烧结温度为900-930℃。
8.根据权利要求6所述的纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述模压成型时,模具温度为80-100℃,定型时间为5-10min。
9.权利要求1-5任一项所述纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料在电缆支架或电缆桥架中的应用。
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1215653A (zh) * 1998-07-23 1999-05-05 中山大学 纤维增强模塑料电缆支架及其制造方法
CN103772904A (zh) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-07 南通美固复合材料有限公司 一种玻纤单向增强酚醛树脂复合材料电缆支架及其制备方法

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JPS61293291A (ja) * 1985-06-20 1986-12-24 Hitachi Cable Ltd パテ状防火組成物

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CN1215653A (zh) * 1998-07-23 1999-05-05 中山大学 纤维增强模塑料电缆支架及其制造方法
CN103772904A (zh) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-07 南通美固复合材料有限公司 一种玻纤单向增强酚醛树脂复合材料电缆支架及其制备方法

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