CN107740204A - A kind of basalt fibre for cable insulation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of basalt fibre for cable insulation and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107740204A
CN107740204A CN201710922643.5A CN201710922643A CN107740204A CN 107740204 A CN107740204 A CN 107740204A CN 201710922643 A CN201710922643 A CN 201710922643A CN 107740204 A CN107740204 A CN 107740204A
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basalt fibre
parts
basalt
cable
preparation
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CN201710922643.5A
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Inventor
舒春柳
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Sichuan Lizhi Jiuchuang Intellectual Property Operations Ltd
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Sichuan Lizhi Jiuchuang Intellectual Property Operations Ltd
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Priority to CN201710922643.5A priority Critical patent/CN107740204A/en
Publication of CN107740204A publication Critical patent/CN107740204A/en
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10Other agents for modifying properties
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F11/00Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of basalt fibre for cable insulation and preparation method thereof, the basalt fibre contains the nano aluminium oxide and 0.6 2.8% nano silicon that percetage by weight is 0.1 1.5%;It can stop that the development of breakdown channel and nano silicon can influence the principle of crystalline phase distribution and size in basalt fibre using the nano aluminium oxide being dispersed in basalt fiber construction, crystalline phase in basalt fibre is set to be more evenly distributed, difference in size is smaller, so that basalt fibre has higher breakdown strength, the performance of Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing is more preferable, it is set to be used for the insulating barrier of cable, be remarkably improved cable in the performance of high- and low-temperature resistance and fire-retardant aspect simultaneously, the fault rate of cable will not be increased, be advantageous to application of the cable under more specific conditions.

Description

A kind of basalt fibre for cable insulation and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to cable material field, and in particular to a kind of basalt fibre and its preparation for cable insulation Method.
Background technology
Cable is to be fabricated to conductor thread core by twisted with one or more wire, then corresponding insulation is imposed on conductor Layer, the wire that outside is wrapped sealing sheath and formed, is mainly made up of core, insulating barrier, screen layer and restrictive coating.Cable has Take ground and space is few;Power supply safety is reliable, and electric shock possibility is small;Be advantageous to improve the power factor of power system;Operation, Maintenance work is simple and convenient;Be advantageous to beautifying city, there is many advantages, such as confidentiality, in being widely used in living and producing Every field.
The effect of insulating barrier is will to be electrically isolated from each other between core and the earth and out of phase core in cable, from And ensure not occurring when conveying electric energy relatively or alternate puncture short.By experiment and long-term use of empirical evidence, Gao Pin In the cable of matter, the material of insulating barrier needs have following performance:Compressive resistance is high;Dielectric loss angle tangent is low;Inverter fed motor Performance is good;Stable chemical performance;It is low temperature resistant;Heat resistance is good;Machining property is good;Service life is grown.Existing cable is exhausted Edge layer material is broadly divided into several major classes such as oil-paper, rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and crosslinked polyethylene, although can meet The performance requirement of normal cable, but when for preparing the cable used under particular surroundings, its performance shows slightly deficiency, such as:Oil immersion The high temperature resistant and poor performance at low temperatures of the poor heat resistance of paper, polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride;It is inflammable etc.;Moreover, rubber, polyethylene, Polyvinyl chloride and crosslinked polyethylene are mostly petrochemicals, have non-renewable, also there is certain pollution and broken to environment It is bad, increasingly focusing on today of sustainable development and environmental protection, will gradually substituted.
Basalt fibre is a kind of emerging novel inorganic environment-friendly and green high performance fibre material, be by silica, The basalt building stones of the oxides such as aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, iron oxide and titanium dioxide composition pass through spinning work after high-temperature fusion What skill was prepared, discarded object caused by production technology is few, and environmental pollution is small, and ecological environment can be directly transferred to after product abandonment In, without any harm, thus it is a kind of qualified green, environment-friendly materials.Also, basalt fibre chemical stability is good, Electrical insulating property is good, dielectric constant is small, and dielectric loss is small, anticorrosive, do not burn, high temperature resistant, fully meets cable to insulating barrier material Expect the requirement of basic performance, thus, substituted existing cable insulating layer material and be used for electricity of the application and preparation under particular surroundings Cable is feasible.But found by experiment, although basalt fibre meets cable to insulating layer material Essential Performance Requirements, by In the complexity and uncertainty of basalt constituent, cause that existing basalt fibre texture is uneven, and crystalline phase size is not One, existing defects, in high pressure or high-frequency electric field, Inverter fed motor and resistance to electrical treeing poor performance, partial breakdown easily occurs, so as to Accelerate the aging or failure of insulating barrier, cause cable to break down in use, have a strong impact on the application of cable.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome existing basalt fibre to be used for the drawbacks described above present in cable insulation material, carry For a kind of basalt fibre for cable insulation and preparation method thereof;The present invention adds in the preparation process of basalt fibre Enter appropriate nano aluminium oxide and nano silicon oxide as modifying agent, improve the breakdown strength and Inverter fed motor, electricity of basalt fibre Poplar bundles performance, it is used for the insulating barrier of cable, be remarkably improved cable in high- and low-temperature resistance and the performance of fire-retardant aspect.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides a kind of basalt fibre for cable insulation, this is profound It is dispersed in military rock fiber to have percetage by weight for 0.1-1.5% nano aluminium oxide and 0.6-2.8% nano silicon.
A kind of basalt fibre for cable insulation of the invention, utilizes the nanometer being dispersed in basalt fiber construction Aluminum oxide can stop that the development of breakdown channel and nano silicon can influence crystalline phase distribution and size in basalt fibre Principle, crystalline phase in basalt fibre is set to be more evenly distributed, difference in size is smaller, so that basalt fibre has higher breakdown The performance of intensity, Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing is more preferable, it is used for the insulating barrier of cable, be remarkably improved cable it is resistance to it is high, The performance of low temperature and fire-retardant aspect simultaneously, will not increase the fault rate of cable, be advantageous to cable answering under more specific conditions With.
A kind of above-mentioned basalt fibre for cable insulation, wherein, the content of described nano aluminium oxide must be controlled For system in prescribed limit, its dosage is excessive, nano aluminium oxide can be caused to be played a leading role in electric field action, reduces on the contrary profound The breakdown strength of military rock fiber, dosage is very few, and role is small, small to the breakdown strength increasing action of basalt fibre;It is excellent Choosing, the percentage by weight of described nano aluminium oxide is 0.5-1.2%.
Wherein, it is preferred that a diameter of 2-10nm of described nano aluminium oxide;Diameter is excessive, and compatibility reduces, to breakdown The barrier effect of passage reduces, and diameter is too small, is unfavorable for disperseing.
Wherein, it is preferred that described nano aluminium oxide is the alumina whisker that draw ratio is 1.5-3 ︰ 1;Whisker can be embedded in It is more preferable to the barrier effect of breakdown channel in different crystal phase structures;Draw ratio is too small, poor to the barrier effect of breakdown channel, Draw ratio is excessive, and winding or fracture easily occurs, is unfavorable for the modification to basalt fibre.
A kind of above-mentioned basalt fibre for cable insulation, wherein, the content of described nano silicon is necessary Control is in prescribed limit, and content is excessive, and nano silicon easily gathers, and the distribution to crystalline phase in basalt fibre on the contrary is made Into influence, make the reduction of the performance of its Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing, content is too small, small to basalt fibre uniformity influence; Preferably, the percentage by weight of described nano silicon is 1.2-2.1%.
Wherein, it is preferred that the particle diameter of described nano silicon is 5-20nm;Particle diameter is excessive, brilliant in basalt fibre Phase diameter is big, and Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing humidification are reduced;Particle diameter is too small, is unfavorable for disperseing.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, further, the invention provides a kind of basalt for cable insulation The preparation method of fiber, comprises the following steps:
(1)After basalt powder body melting, nano aluminium oxide and nano silicon are added, and scattered place is carried out with ultrasonic wave Reason, form spinning liquation;
(2)Spinning liquation is subjected to spinning, obtains basalt fibre precursor;
(3)Basalt fibre precursor is infiltrated, solution is moved back and twists with the fingers, obtains basalt fibre of the present invention.
A kind of preparation method of basalt fibre for cable insulation of the invention, using the vibration at high speed of ultrasonic wave, The nano aluminium oxide of addition and nano silicon can not only be uniformly dispersed in the basalt liquation of melting, moreover it is possible to so that To basalt fibre crystalline phase be evenly distributed, particle size difference is small so that basalt fibre has higher breakdown strength, More preferable Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing performance;The inventive method is simple, reliable, is suitable for the basalt fibre of cable insulation Extensive, industrialized production.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned basalt fibre for cable insulation, wherein, it is preferred that described in step 1 Basalt powder melting temperature be 1300-1450 DEG C, temperature is too low, and melting speed is slow, and time-consuming, and power consumption is high, and temperature is too high, It is high to equipment requirement, equipment cost increase.
Wherein, it is preferred that described ultrasonic frequency is 100-300KHz, power density 0.2-0.6W/cm2
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned basalt fibre for cable insulation, wherein, it is preferred that spinning in step 2 For obtained basalt fibre precursor diameter control at 1-5 μm, precursor diameter is excessive, and cooling is slow, crystalline phase particle diameter in basalt fibre Bigger, Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing performance reduce, and precursor diameter is too small, drawing process operating difficulties, is easily broken off, and is unfavorable for giving birth to Production.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned basalt fibre for cable insulation, wherein, it is preferred that infiltrated in step 3 When the size that uses be prepared including following parts by weight raw material:The silane coupler of 0.2-1.0 parts, the lubrication of 1-3 parts Agent, the epoxy emulsion film forming agent of 2-5 parts, the binding agent of 0.5-1.2 parts, the emulsifying agent of 0.5-2 parts, the silicone oil of 30-40 parts, 20- 40 parts of water;The size can increase the toughness and hydrophobicity of basalt fibre, improve its insulating properties, have basalt fibre More excellent electrical property.
Wherein, described lubricant is imidazoline lubricant;Described binding agent is polyvinyl acetate emulsion;Described Emulsifying agent is phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1st, the present invention is used to contain appropriate nano aluminium oxide and nano silicon in the basalt fibre of cable insulation, its Breakdown strength is higher, and Inverter fed motor, electrical treeing performance are more preferable, for the insulating barrier of cable, is remarkably improved the resistance to high and low of cable Gentle fire resistance.
2nd, the present invention is used for the basalt fibre preparation method of cable insulation, can not only using ultrasonic wave vibration at high speed The nano aluminium oxide of addition and nano silicon are uniformly dispersed in the basalt liquation of melting, moreover it is possible to make to obtain profound Military rock fibrous crystal distributed mutually is uniform, and particle size difference is small, so that basalt fibre has higher breakdown strength, preferably Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing performance.
3rd, preparation method of the present invention is simple, reliable, be suitable for cable insulation basalt fibre it is extensive, industrial Metaplasia is produced.
Embodiment
With reference to test example and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be understood Following embodiment is only limitted to for the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention, it is all that this is belonged to based on the technology that present invention is realized The scope of invention.
Embodiment 1
(1)By basalt powder after 1400 DEG C of meltings, addition percetage by weight is 0.5%, draw ratio is 1.5 ︰ 1, a diameter of 10nm nano oxidized al whisker and 1.2% particle diameter is 10nm nano silicon, and is 200KHz with frequency, power density For 0.5W/cm2Ultrasonic wave carry out decentralized processing, formed spinning liquation;
(2)Spinning liquation is subjected to spinning, obtains a diameter of 3 μm of basalt fibre precursor;
(3)Basalt fibre precursor is infiltrated, solution is moved back and twists with the fingers, obtains basalt fibre of the present invention;Size bag used Following parts by weight raw material are included to be prepared:0.5 part of silane coupler, 2 parts of imidazoline lubricant, 3 parts of epoxy emulsion Film forming agent, 0.8 part of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 1.0 parts of phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, 35 parts of methyl-silicone oil, 30 parts Water.
Embodiment 2
(1)By basalt powder after 1300 DEG C of meltings, addition percetage by weight is 1.2%, the nano aluminium oxide that particle diameter is 2nm Nano silicon with 2.1% particle diameter for 5nm, and be 100KHz, power density 0.6W/cm with frequency2Ultrasonic wave carry out Decentralized processing, form spinning liquation;
(2)Spinning liquation is subjected to spinning, obtains a diameter of 1 μm of basalt fibre precursor;
(3)Basalt fibre precursor is infiltrated, solution is moved back and twists with the fingers, obtains basalt fibre of the present invention;Size bag used Following parts by weight raw material are included to be prepared:0.2 part of silane coupler, 3 parts of imidazoline lubricant, 2 parts of epoxy emulsion Film forming agent, 0.5 part of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 2 parts of phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, 30 parts of methyl-silicone oil, 40 parts Water.
Embodiment 3
(1)After basalt powder body melting, addition percetage by weight is 0.1%, draw ratio is 3 ︰ 1, a diameter of 15nm nano oxygen Change the nano silicon of al whisker and 2.8% particle diameter for 2nm, and be 300KHz, power density 0.2W/cm with frequency2It is super Sound wave carries out decentralized processing, forms spinning liquation;
(2)Spinning liquation is subjected to spinning, obtains a diameter of 5 μm of basalt fibre precursor;
(3)Basalt fibre precursor is infiltrated, solution is moved back and twists with the fingers, obtains basalt fibre of the present invention;Size bag used Following parts by weight raw material are included to be prepared:1.0 parts of silane coupler, 3 parts of imidazoline lubricant, 2 parts of epoxy emulsion Film forming agent, 1.2 parts of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 2 parts of phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, 40 parts of methyl-silicone oil, 20 parts Water.
Embodiment 4
(1)After basalt powder body melting, add percetage by weight be 1.5%, the nano aluminium oxide that particle diameter is 1nm and 0.6% Footpath is 25nm nano silicon, and is 100KHz, power density 0.2W/cm with frequency2Ultrasonic wave carry out scattered place Reason, form spinning liquation;
(2)Spinning liquation is subjected to spinning, obtains a diameter of 2 μm of basalt fibre precursor;
(3)Basalt fibre precursor is infiltrated, solution is moved back and twists with the fingers, obtains basalt fibre of the present invention;Size bag used Following parts by weight raw material are included to be prepared:0.2 part of silane coupler, 1 part of imidazoline lubricant, 5 parts of epoxy emulsion Film forming agent, 1.2 parts of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 2 parts of phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, 30 parts of methyl-silicone oil, 40 parts Water.
Comparative example 1
(1)By basalt powder after 1400 DEG C of meltings, addition percetage by weight is 1.8%, draw ratio is 1.5 ︰ 1, a diameter of 10nm nano oxidized al whisker and 1.2% particle diameter is 10nm nano silicon, and is 200KHz with frequency, power density For 0.5W/cm2Ultrasonic wave carry out decentralized processing, formed spinning liquation;
(2)Spinning liquation is subjected to spinning, obtains a diameter of 3 μm of basalt fibre precursor;
(3)Basalt fibre precursor is infiltrated, solution is moved back and twists with the fingers, obtains basalt fibre;Size used includes following Parts by weight raw material are prepared:0.5 part of silane coupler, 2 parts of imidazoline lubricant, 3 parts of epoxy emulsion film forming agent, 0.8 part of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 1.0 parts of phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, 35 parts of methyl-silicone oil, 30 parts of water.
Comparative example 2
(1)By basalt powder after 1400 DEG C of meltings, addition percetage by weight is 0.5%, draw ratio is 1.5 ︰ 1, a diameter of 10nm nano oxidized al whisker and 3.0% particle diameter is 10nm nano silicon, and is 200KHz with frequency, power density For 0.5W/cm2Ultrasonic wave carry out decentralized processing, formed spinning liquation;
(2)Spinning liquation is subjected to spinning, obtains a diameter of 3 μm of basalt fibre precursor;
(3)Basalt fibre precursor is infiltrated, solution is moved back and twists with the fingers, obtains basalt fibre;Size used includes following Parts by weight raw material are prepared:0.5 part of silane coupler, 2 parts of imidazoline lubricant, 3 parts of epoxy emulsion film forming agent, 0.8 part of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 1.0 parts of phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, 35 parts of methyl-silicone oil, 30 parts of water.
Comparative example 3
(1)By basalt powder after 1400 DEG C of meltings, addition percetage by weight is 0.5%, draw ratio is 1.5 ︰ 1, a diameter of 10nm nano oxidized al whisker and 1.2% particle diameter is 10nm nano silicon, and carries out decentralized processing, forms spinning and melts Liquid;
(2)Spinning liquation is subjected to spinning, obtains a diameter of 3 μm of basalt fibre precursor;
(3)Basalt fibre precursor is infiltrated, solution is moved back and twists with the fingers, obtains basalt fibre;Size used includes following Parts by weight raw material are prepared:0.5 part of silane coupler, 2 parts of imidazoline lubricant, 3 parts of epoxy emulsion film forming agent, 0.8 part of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 1.0 parts of phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, 35 parts of methyl-silicone oil, 30 parts of water.
By preparation-obtained basalt fibre in above-described embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3(Blank is classified as conventional method system Standby obtained basalt fibre)Electrical property detection is carried out, record data is as follows:
Numbering Breakdown strength(KV/mm) Anti- corona Anti- electrical treeing
Embodiment 1 ≥60 ++++++ ++++++
Embodiment 2 ≥60 +++++ +++++
Embodiment 3 ≥60 ++++++ ++++++
Embodiment 4 ≥60 ++++++ +++++
Comparative example 1 ≥20 ++++ ++++
Comparative example 2 ≥35 +++ +++
Comparative example 3 ≥40 ++++ ++++
Blank column ≥25 ++ ++
Note:"+" is more, represents that performance is better.
Above-mentioned analysis of experimental data is understood, technical solution of the present invention, obtained basalt fibre are used in embodiment 1-4 Breakdown strength is big, and Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing performance are good;And in comparative example 1 excessive addition nano aluminium oxide, with embodiment 1-4 Compare, the breakdown voltage of basalt fibre significantly reduces, and Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing performance have also declined;Add in comparative example 2 Add excessive nano silicon, compared with embodiment 1-4, the breakdown voltage of basalt fibre has declined, Inverter fed motor and electricity Poplar bundles performance is significantly deteriorated;Ultrasonic wave decentralized processing is used in comparative example 3, nano material is scattered uneven, basalt fibre Breakdown voltage has declined, Inverter fed motor and electrical treeing degradation.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of basalt fibre for cable insulation, it is characterised in that contain percetage by weight receiving for 0.1-1.5% The nano silicon of rice aluminum oxide and 0.6-2.8%.
2. basalt fibre according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the percentage by weight of described nano aluminium oxide is 0.5-1.2%。
3. basalt fibre according to claim 1, it is characterised in that a diameter of 2- of described nano aluminium oxide 10nm。
4. basalt fibre according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nano aluminium oxide is that draw ratio is 1.5- 3 ︰ 1 alumina whisker.
5. basalt fibre according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the percentage by weight of described nano silicon For 1.2-2.1%.
6. basalt fibre according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of described nano silicon is 5- 20nm。
7. the preparation method of any one of a kind of claim 1-6 basalt fibre, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)After basalt powder body melting, nano aluminium oxide and nano silicon are added, and scattered place is carried out with ultrasonic wave Reason, form spinning liquation;
(2)Spinning liquation is subjected to spinning, obtains basalt fibre precursor;
(3)Basalt fibre precursor is infiltrated, solution is moved back and twists with the fingers, obtains basalt fibre of the present invention.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described ultrasonic frequency is 100-300KHz, work( Rate density is 0.2-0.6W/cm2
9. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the basalt fibre precursor that spinning obtains in step 2 Diameter control is at 1-5 μm.
10. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that when being infiltrated in step 3 size that uses include with Lower parts by weight raw material are prepared:The silane coupler of 0.2-1.0 parts, the lubricant of 1-3 parts, 2-5 parts epoxy emulsion into Film, the binding agent of 0.5-1.2 parts, the emulsifying agent of 0.5-2 parts, the silicone oil of 30-40 parts, the water of 20-40 parts.
CN201710922643.5A 2017-09-30 2017-09-30 A kind of basalt fibre for cable insulation and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN107740204A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111891051A (en) * 2020-06-01 2020-11-06 上海元一电子有限公司 Wire harness protection piece and wire harness
CN114479278A (en) * 2022-02-28 2022-05-13 杭州人通管业有限公司 Preparation method of detectable power protection tube

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111891051A (en) * 2020-06-01 2020-11-06 上海元一电子有限公司 Wire harness protection piece and wire harness
CN114479278A (en) * 2022-02-28 2022-05-13 杭州人通管业有限公司 Preparation method of detectable power protection tube

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