CN107727691A - A kind of lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig - Google Patents
A kind of lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig Download PDFInfo
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- CN107727691A CN107727691A CN201711118770.6A CN201711118770A CN107727691A CN 107727691 A CN107727691 A CN 107727691A CN 201711118770 A CN201711118770 A CN 201711118770A CN 107727691 A CN107727691 A CN 107727691A
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- combustion explosion
- lithium ion
- ion battery
- explosion chamber
- experimental rig
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000032953 Device battery issue Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004441 surface measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/50—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility
- G01N25/54—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility by determining explosibility
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig, including combustion explosion chamber, lithium battery ignition device, smoke gas analysis equipment, temperature acquisition case and temperature sensor, with being communicated inside combustion explosion chamber, lithium battery ignition device is connected smoke gas analysis equipment with combustion explosion chamber.Temperature sensor external temperature vasculum, temperature acquisition case and smoke gas analysis equipment are connected with data collecting instrument.Wherein, lithium battery ignition device includes acupuncture apparatus, charging/discharging apparatus, short-circuit device and/or heater, and acupuncture apparatus can be stretched into combustion explosion chamber.The present invention can to lithium ion battery carry out acupuncture, short circuit, overcharge and external high temperature test, to study the possible combustion explosion situation of battery, the release conditions of lithium ion battery flue gas under the conditions of acupuncture, external high temperature effect, mistake discharge and recharge etc. can be tested, be particularly suitable for use in the dangerous thoroughly evaluating of lithium ion battery combustion explosion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of experiment equipment, more particularly to a kind of dangerous experiment dress of lithium ion battery combustion explosion
Put.
Background technology
With the fast development of new energy technology, application of the lithium ion battery in people's modern life is also more and more wider
General, the case for triggering fire by lithium ion battery failure gradually increases, and lithium ion battery fire risk is studied already
It is one of important research contents of new energy field, understanding grasps the rule and feature of lithium ion battery combustion explosion, collects phase
Close dangerous parameter, it will help public security fire-fighting department further promotes fire to being related to the disposing capacity of lithium-ion electric Pool fire
The exploitation and application of the higher battery technology of calamity security.
Research and analysis means of testing (such as GB/T 31485, GB/ of the China generally for lithium ion battery security at present
T 31486 and GB/T 31467 etc.) focus primarily upon research lithium ion battery by acupuncture, extruding, cross discharge and recharge, short circuit, outer
Safe sex expression under the conditions of portion's baked wheaten cake etc..These traditional method of testings more lay particular emphasis on lithium ion battery battery performance safety
Property evaluation, only focused on lithium ion battery with the presence or absence of leakage, the situation catching fire or explode from fire risk angle, and neglect
Flue gas toxity depending on lithium ion battery is dangerous.
The lithium ion battery internal electrochemical reaction for having complexity, species of lithium ion battery during flue gas release
The factors such as structure, fault type have a major impact to its caused flue gas.It is well known that the poison gas in fire is often
The most immediate cause to cause casualties, the lithium ion battery detection and analysis that poison gas discharges in failure are for overall merit
Its fire risk is extremely important.
Existing GB/T 8627 can production cigarette release of the test sample under burning condition by specific smoke density instrument；Cone
Shape calorimeter also can flue gas release of the test sample under the conditions of opening wide；The standard such as ISO19700 and GB/T 20285 is used to evaluate
Flue gas toxity caused by material thermal decomposition, it is the important method of test material flue gas toxity.Above-mentioned standard or means of testing are main
Tested for material sample, have strict size requirement to the sample of test, and test process is not related to explosive reaction, nothing
Method is used for the test of the different lithium ion battery product of size.
In a word, the existing experimental rig for being used to study lithium ion battery security and the experimental rig of material flue gas release
Obvious test function limitation be present, it is impossible to which the flue gas release to lithium ion battery detects.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig, is tested in lithium battery combustion explosion
When, can poison gas caused by test analysis.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig, including combustion explosion chamber, lithium battery are ignited dress
Put, smoke gas analysis equipment, temperature acquisition case and temperature sensor, phase inside the smoke gas analysis equipment and combustion explosion chamber
Logical, the lithium battery ignition device is connected with combustion explosion chamber, and the temperature sensor is located in combustion explosion chamber,
Temperature sensor external temperature vasculum.
Further, the temperature acquisition case and smoke gas analysis equipment are connected with data collecting instrument.
Wherein, the lithium battery ignition device include acupuncture apparatus, and/or charging/discharging apparatus, and/or short-circuit device and/
Or heater, the acupuncture apparatus can be stretched into combustion explosion chamber, the charging/discharging apparatus, short-circuit device and heater are equal
Outside combustion explosion chamber.
Further, the heater is located at combustion explosion chamber bottom surface.
Further, the acupuncture apparatus is extended vertically into combustion explosion chamber from combustion explosion chamber top surface.
Wherein, the combustion explosion chamber top surface has through hole, and the acupuncture apparatus stretches into combustion explosion examination through through hole
In tryoff, the through hole is furnished with metal nut.
Further, the combustion explosion chamber is provided with two binding posts, and two binding posts are respectively connected with wire, institute
State wire to be located in combustion explosion chamber, the charging/discharging apparatus or short-circuit device electrically connect with two binding posts.
Further, the combustion explosion chamber is provided with explosion-proof valve.
Further, STH of the smoke collecting pipe of the smoke gas analysis equipment through combustion explosion chamber side stretches into
In combustion explosion chamber, the smoke collecting pipe puts in 2cm-3cm in combustion explosion chamber.
Wherein, the combustion explosion chamber includes casing and upper lid, and the upper lid is located at casing top, and the upper lid is logical
Screw is crossed to be fixed on casing.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
After 1. the detection device for lithium ion battery security also explodes without reference to cells burst in the prior art
The detection of flue gas toxity, the present invention, can poison gas caused by test analysis when lithium ion battery combustion explosion is tested；
2. the present invention can to lithium ion battery carry out acupuncture, short circuit, overcharge and external high temperature test, come study battery may
Combustion explosion situation, can test lithium ion battery acupuncture, external high temperature effect, cross discharge and recharge etc. under the conditions of flue gas release
Situation, be particularly suitable for use in the dangerous thoroughly evaluating of lithium ion battery combustion explosion.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the concentration curve of CO in the gas that lithium ion battery puncture test discharges；
Fig. 3 is the surface temperature change curve measured during lithium ion battery puncture test；
Fig. 4 is the concentration curve of CO in the gas that the experiment of lithium ion battery external high temperature discharges；
Fig. 5 is the surface temperature change curve measured during lithium ion battery external high temperature is tested；
In figure：The chamber of 1- combustion explosions, 2- wires, lid, 4- explosion-proof valves, 5- binding posts, 6- through holes, 7- acupunctures are set on 3-
Standby, 8- charging/discharging apparatus or short-circuit device, 9- temperature acquisitions case, 10- data collecting instruments, 11- smoke gas analysis equipments, 12- sides are opened
Hole, 13- temperature sensors, 14- heaters.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is entered
Row is further described.
As shown in figure 1, lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig disclosed by the invention, including combustion explosion examination
Tryoff 1, lithium battery ignition device, smoke gas analysis equipment 11, temperature acquisition case 9 and temperature sensor 13, smoke gas analysis equipment 11
Communicated with inside combustion explosion chamber 1, lithium battery ignition device is connected with combustion explosion chamber 1, and temperature sensor 13 is set
In in combustion explosion chamber 1, temperature sensor 13 can directly be attached to battery surface measurement temperature；Temperature sensor 13 is external
Temperature acquisition case 9, temperature acquisition case 9 and smoke gas analysis equipment 11 are connected with data collecting instrument 10, by the data output of collection
Preserve and analyze to data collecting instrument.
Wherein, lithium battery ignition device include acupuncture apparatus 7, and/or charging/discharging apparatus, and/or short-circuit device, and/or
Heater 14, acupuncture apparatus 7 can be stretched into combustion explosion chamber 1, and charging/discharging apparatus, short-circuit device and heater 14 are located at
Outside combustion explosion chamber 1.
Combustion explosion chamber 1 is provided with explosion-proof valve 4.The smoke collecting pipe of smoke gas analysis equipment 11 is tested through combustion explosion
The STH 12 of the side of case 1 is stretched into combustion explosion chamber 1, and smoke collecting pipe puts in 2cm-3cm to combustion explosion chamber 1
It is interior.Heater 14 is located at the bottom surface of combustion explosion chamber 1, for being heated to combustion explosion chamber 1.Acupuncture apparatus 7 from
The top surface of combustion explosion chamber 1 is extended vertically into combustion explosion chamber 1, and the top surface of combustion explosion chamber 1 has through hole 6, acupuncture
Equipment 7 stretches into combustion explosion chamber 1 pin prick test carried out to battery through through hole 6, if without pin prick test, can incite somebody to action
Acupuncture apparatus 7 is taken out, and through hole 6 is closed with metal nut.Combustion explosion chamber 1 is provided with two binding posts 5, two binding posts
5 are respectively connected with wire 2, and wire 2 is located in combustion explosion chamber 1, and wire 2 is copper conductor, connect the wire of two binding posts 5
2 directly can be connected with the both positive and negative polarity of lithium ion battery respectively.Charging/discharging apparatus or short-circuit device 8 pass through copper conductor and two wiring
Post 5 connects.
Wherein, combustion explosion chamber 1 includes casing and upper lid 3, and upper lid 3 is located at casing top, and upper lid 3 passes through surrounding
Screw is fixed on casing.Wherein, temperature acquisition case 9 connects the data wire of temperature sensor 13 through the side of combustion explosion chamber 1
Space above face enters in casing, and through hole 6, explosion-proof valve 4 and binding post 5 are on upper lid 3, and STH 12 is on casing.
The operation principle of the present invention, temperature sensor 13 is attached to tested lithium ion battery surface during experiment, connected
The both positive and negative polarity of the lithium ion battery is connected respectively in two wires 2 of binding post 5, and the lithium ion battery is then fixed on burning
In explosive test case 1, installation fixes lid 3.
(1) if, carry out pin prick test, using acupuncture apparatus 7 through experiment box cover 3 from top to bottom to being fixed on inside
Battery carry out pin prick test, opening temperature sensor 13 and smoke gas analysis equipment 11, start recording temperature and smoke signal, pin
Thorn equipment 7 lunge inside battery so that battery-heating smolder even combustion explosion, persistently record whole process temperature and flue gas
Release change, until battery temperature declines, and no longer discharges flue gas, stops test；
(2) if, carry out external high temperature experiment, combustion explosion chamber 1 is heated using heater 14, open temperature
Sensor 13 and smoke gas analysis equipment 11, start recording temperature and smoke signal are spent, until battery temperature declines, and not
Flue gas is discharged again, stops test；
(3) if, carry out overcharging discharge test, by the both positive and negative polarity of charging/discharging apparatus and the upper lid 3 of combustion explosion chamber 1
Binding post connects, and carries out discharge and recharge, opening temperature sensor 13 and smoke gas analysis equipment 11 to the battery that inside has connected, starts
Temperature and smoke signal are recorded, until battery temperature declines, and flue gas is no longer discharged, stops test；
(4) if, carry out short-circuit test, by the both positive and negative polarity wiring of lid 3 in short-circuit test equipment and combustion explosion chamber 1
Post connects, and carries out short-circuit test, opening temperature sensor 13 and smoke gas analysis equipment 11 to the battery that inside has connected, starts to remember
Temperature and smoke signal are recorded, until battery temperature declines, and flue gas is no longer discharged, stops test.
Experimental example 1：So that pin prick test, test specimen are certain commercially available lithium ion battery as an example, with a kind of lithium ion of the present invention
The step of cells burst explosion hazard experimental rig is tested is as follows：
(1), temperature sensor 13 is attached to 18650 type lithium ion battery surfaces to be measured；
(2), lithium ion battery to be measured is fixed in combustion explosion chamber 1, covers the upper lid 3 of casing, is opened whole
Cover the power supply and controlling switch (not shown) of experimental rig；
(3), start acupuncture apparatus 7, acupuncture, and timing, while opening temperature vasculum 9 and flue gas analysis are carried out to battery
Equipment 11, carry out battery surface temperature and produce the data acquisition of flue gas；
(4), the termination test when the flue gas concentration that battery surface temperature declines and detects declines, by the He of acupuncture apparatus 7
Smoke collecting equipment 11 removes combustion explosion chamber 1, closes experimental rig.As a result as shown in Figure 2,3, respectively illustrate lithium from
CO concentration curve and the surface temperature change curve of lithium battery in the gas of sub- battery puncture test release.
Experimental example 2：So that external high temperature, test specimen are certain commercially available lithium ion battery as an example, with a kind of lithium ion of the present invention
The step of cells burst explosion hazard experimental rig is tested is as follows：
(1), temperature sensor 13 is attached to 18650 type lithium ion battery surfaces to be measured；
(2), lithium ion battery to be measured is fixed in combustion explosion chamber 1, covers box cover 3, is opened a whole set of
The power supply and controlling switch of experimental rig；
(3), heater 14, about 560 DEG C of heating-up temperature is controlled, combustion explosion chamber 1 is heated, and counts
When, while opening temperature vasculum 9 and smoke gas analysis equipment 11, carry out battery surface temperature and produce the data acquisition of flue gas；
(4), the termination test when the flue gas concentration that battery surface temperature declines and detects declines, closes heater 14,
Smoke collecting equipment 11 is removed into combustion explosion chamber 1, closes experimental rig.As a result as shown in Figure 4,5, lithium is respectively illustrated
CO concentration curve and the surface temperature change curve of lithium battery in the gas of ion battery external high temperature experiment release.
The present invention can quickly, easily carry out lithium ion battery combustion explosion and test for detecting caused poison gas,
Acupuncture, excessively external high temperature, its combustion explosion situation of the experimental study such as discharge and recharge, short circuit can be carried out to lithium ion battery respectively, is led to
Cross and fire risk caused by lithium ion battery combustion explosion is determined comprehensively to the analysis that flue gas is produced during experiment.Experiment behaviour
Make simply, securely and reliably, expense is relatively low.
Certainly, the present invention can also have other numerous embodiments, in the case of without departing substantially from spirit of the invention and its essence,
Those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformation according to the present invention, but these change and become accordingly
Shape should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig, it is characterised in that:Including combustion explosion chamber (1), Lithium battery ignition device, smoke gas analysis equipment (11), temperature acquisition case (9) and temperature sensor (13), the flue gas analysis are set Standby (11) with being communicated inside combustion explosion chamber (1), the lithium battery ignition device is connected with combustion explosion chamber (1), The temperature sensor (13) is in combustion explosion chamber (1), temperature sensor (13) the external temperature vasculum (9)。
- 2. lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The temperature Vasculum (9) and smoke gas analysis equipment (11) are connected with data collecting instrument (10).
- 3. lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The lithium electricity Pond ignition device includes acupuncture apparatus (7), and/or charging/discharging apparatus, and/or short-circuit device, and/or heater (14), described Acupuncture apparatus (7) can be stretched into combustion explosion chamber (1), and the charging/discharging apparatus, short-circuit device and heater (14) are all provided with In combustion explosion chamber (1) outside.
- 4. lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The heating Device (14) is located at combustion explosion chamber (1) bottom surface.
- 5. lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The acupuncture Equipment (7) is extended vertically into combustion explosion chamber (1) from combustion explosion chamber (1) top surface.
- 6. lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The burning Explosive test case (1) top surface has through hole (6), and the acupuncture apparatus (7) is stretched into combustion explosion chamber (1) through through hole (6), The through hole (6) is furnished with metal nut.
- 7. lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The burning Explosive test case (1) is provided with two binding posts (5), and two binding posts (5) are respectively connected with wire (2), and the wire (2) is located at In combustion explosion chamber (1), the charging/discharging apparatus or short-circuit device electrically connect with two binding posts (5).
- 8. lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The burning Explosive test case (1) is provided with explosion-proof valve (4).
- 9. lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The flue gas STH (12) of the smoke collecting pipe of analytical equipment (11) through combustion explosion chamber (1) side stretches into combustion explosion chamber (1) in, it is interior to combustion explosion chamber (1) that the smoke collecting pipe puts in 2cm-3cm.
- 10. the lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig according to claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that：It is described Combustion explosion chamber (1) includes casing and upper lid (3), and the upper lid (3) is located at casing top, and the upper lid (3) passes through spiral shell Nail is fixed on casing.
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| CN2017208303162 | 2017-07-10 | ||
| CN201720830316 | 2017-07-10 |
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| CN107727691A true CN107727691A (en) | 2018-02-23 |
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| CN201711118770.6A Pending CN107727691A (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-13 | A kind of lithium ion battery combustion explosion danger experimental rig |
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| CN110542860A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-12-06 | 平高集团有限公司 | Testing device for container type lithium ion battery energy storage system |
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| CN208109740U (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2018-11-16 | 公安部四川消防研究所 | A kind of lithium ion battery combustion explosion risk experimental rig |
| CN117233209B (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2024-07-16 | 广州海关技术中心 | Lithium battery thermal runaway gas explosion limit device, system and use method |
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