CN107724352B - Intelligent farmland drainage system controlled by single chip microcomputer - Google Patents
Intelligent farmland drainage system controlled by single chip microcomputer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107724352B CN107724352B CN201711081277.1A CN201711081277A CN107724352B CN 107724352 B CN107724352 B CN 107724352B CN 201711081277 A CN201711081277 A CN 201711081277A CN 107724352 B CN107724352 B CN 107724352B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 305
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical group [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0428—Safety, monitoring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/40—Extraction of image or video features
- G06V10/56—Extraction of image or video features relating to colour
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/10—Terrestrial scenes
- G06V20/188—Vegetation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/90—Arrangement of cameras or camera modules, e.g. multiple cameras in TV studios or sports stadiums
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent farmland drainage system controlled by a single chip microcomputer, which comprises a ponding collection device, a ponding purification treatment device, a distillation crystallization device, an image acquisition device, a ponding recycling device and a single chip microcomputer control device; the accumulated water collection device is positioned in the middle, the distillation crystallization device is positioned above the accumulated water collection device, a discharge port of the distillation crystallization device is connected with an inlet of the accumulated water recycling device, and the graph collection processing device is arranged above the accumulated water recycling device; the single chip microcomputer control device controls the accumulated water collecting device, the accumulated water purifying treatment device, the distillation crystallization device, the image acquisition device and the accumulated water recycling device to perform corresponding actions. This drainage system's ponding collection device adopts concentration difference to carry out ponding collection, can effectively avoid farmland ponding to cause the danger of pipe blockage easily, distills the crystallization device can be very convenient refine the solute reuse, has effectively reduced the pollution to the farmland.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of farmland drainage, and mainly relates to an intelligent farmland drainage system controlled by a single chip microcomputer.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, but drainage systems applied to farmlands are not many, the intelligent degree is not high, and in plain areas of China, if rainwater cannot be drained immediately when heavy rain continues, crops are greatly damaged, and economic loss is caused finally. In order to discharge accumulated water instantly and reduce loss, a reasonably designed farmland drainage system is required.
At present, in China, farmland drainage systems are mainly drained by ditches, or more reasonable drainage pipelines are designed, a surface drainage system is introduced in a patent CN201380029850.8, a novel drainage pipeline in an isosceles triangle shape is designed, the drainage pipeline and the ground surface are fully combined, and the effect is very obvious. However, the underground drainage pipeline laid in the farmland costs huge funds and causes irreversible influence on the soil environment, the farmland cannot be ploughed when crops are planted, and the intelligent degree is not high, so that the drainage system which is more intelligent in design and less in cost and has no influence on the environment is the main trend in the future.
When the farmland drainage system in China is applied, the pipeline can be blocked due to more sludge in farmland accumulated water, and a scum blocking structure of the drainage system is introduced in the patent CN201410059838.8, so that the problem that farmland drainage is easy to block can be effectively solved. However, chemical fertilizers are applied to the farmland, accumulated water contains elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and the direct discharge of the elements can cause great influence on the surrounding soil environment. There is a need for drainage systems that are more convenient to design, have no or reduced pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: provides an intelligent farmland drainage system controlled by a single chip microcomputer. This drainage system's ponding collection device adopts concentration difference to carry out ponding collection, can effectively avoid farmland ponding to cause the danger of pipe blockage easily, distills the reuse that extracts the solute that crystallization device can be very convenient, simple to operate, and simple structure, intellectuality and degree of mechanization are high, have effectively reduced the pollution to the farmland.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the intelligent farmland drainage system controlled by the single chip microcomputer is characterized by comprising an accumulated water collecting device, an accumulated water purifying treatment device, a distillation crystallization device, an image acquisition device, an accumulated water recycling device and a single chip microcomputer control device; the accumulated water collecting device is positioned in the middle, the distillation crystallization device is positioned above the accumulated water collecting device, the discharge port of the distillation crystallization device is connected with the inlet of the accumulated water recycling device, and the image collecting device is arranged above the accumulated water recycling device; the single chip microcomputer control device controls the accumulated water collecting device, the accumulated water purifying treatment device, the distillation crystallization device, the image acquisition device and the accumulated water recycling device to perform corresponding actions; the outlet of the accumulated water collecting device is connected with the inlet of the accumulated water purifying device, and the water outlet of the accumulated water purifying device is connected with the inlet of the distillation crystallizing device through a condensing pipe;
the accumulated water collecting device absorbs water by using concentration difference and comprises a plurality of mutually separated water collecting bags, a hollow flow guide pipe, a sliding block, a sliding rail, an electromagnetic coil, a pulley and a rotary sliding rod, wherein a plurality of outward grooves are uniformly formed in the hollow flow guide pipe; the electromagnetic coil is arranged on the fixed rod, is positioned right below the pulley and penetrates through the whole fixed rod; the water collecting bag is made of a permeable membrane, and salt which is easily dissolved in water is filled in the water collecting bag; a spectrophotometer is arranged in the water collection bag, a plurality of channels are arranged in the hollow flow guide pipe, the number of the channels is matched with that of the water collection bag, each channel is connected with a salt conveying port of a corresponding sliding block through a small hose, and the salt conveying ports are communicated with the inside of the water collection bag;
the accumulated water purification treatment device comprises a water suction pipe, a water suction pump, a bent pipe, a three-way pipe, a spiral pipe, a sedimentation tank, a flocculating agent tank and a cyclone separator; one water collecting bag is connected with a water suction pipe, and the other end of the water suction pipe is connected with one port of the three-way pipe through a water suction pump; the flocculant pool is connected with the two ports of the three-way pipe through a pipeline; three ports of the three-way pipe are in threaded connection with one end of a spiral pipe, and the other end of the spiral pipe is connected with the sedimentation tank through a bent pipe and a water guide pipe; the sedimentation tank is connected with a water inlet of a cyclone separator of the cyclone separator through a water suction pipe and another water suction pump; the bottom of the cyclone separator is provided with a liquid outlet, the middle part of the cyclone separator is led out of an overflow port, and the overflow port is connected with a distillation crystallization device through an overflow pipe;
the distillation crystallization device comprises a crystallization tank body and a condensation tank body, the two tank bodies are arranged in parallel, and the upper parts of the two tank bodies are connected through a condensation pipe; a water level detector is arranged in the crystallization tank body, an inlet of the crystallization tank body is connected with an overflow pipe, and a discharge port at the lower end of the crystallization tank body is over against the upper end of the hollow flow guide pipe;
the accumulated water recycling device comprises a water storage tank and a water pump, wherein an inlet of the water storage tank is connected with a water outlet of a condensation tank body of the condensation tank body through a water discharge pipe, the water pump is arranged in the water storage tank, the water pump is connected with a water spray pipe, the water spray pipe penetrates out of the water storage tank, and water is sprayed from the water spray pipe for farmland irrigation;
the image acquisition device comprises four groups of CCD cameras which are fixedly arranged on the front, back, left and right positions of the upper part of the water storage tank through camera supports respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the accumulated water collecting device provided by the invention absorbs water by using concentration difference, overcomes the defect that a drainage pipe is blocked by a common drainage device due to farmland scum, overcomes the defect that the drainage of the common drainage device is not timely, and overcomes the defect that the drainage of the common drainage device is not thorough. The water collecting bag is made of permeable membrane, so that water can flow in and out without solute flowing out. The inside solute of the bag that catchments adopts and easily dissolves in the salt of water, catchments the inside spectrophotometer that still contains of bag moreover for measure the concentration of the inside solution of bag that catchments, can signal for the crystallizer body when concentration is less than the setting value, judge whether the crystallizer body is inside to have water, if do not make the discharge port of the crystallizer body open, salt can reuse, thereby keep catchmenting the inside concentration of bag all the time and be higher than the outside.
The image acquisition and processing of the invention adopts a machine vision technology, firstly a CCD camera is used for shooting a picture of a farmland plant, then the shot picture is distinguished from an image processing module, firstly a shot target is converted into an image signal and transmitted to the image processing module to obtain the form information of the shot target, the image signal is converted into a digital signal according to the information of pixel distribution, brightness, color and the like, and then the image processing module carries out various calculations on the digital signal to extract the characteristics of the target for distinguishing. The type of the planted plant is determined, various information about the normal state, the diseased state and the like of the plant is called, the shot picture is subjected to color calibration such as threshold segmentation, and the color calibration is compared with the known picture about the plant, so that whether the plant lacks trace elements such as N, P, K and the like or lacks moisture and the like is determined. Thereby can realize the observation and the regulation and control to the farmland plant more intelligently, can be for the farmland drainage, can assist the watering again, remind peasant crop growth condition, effectively saved the manpower.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the accumulated water collecting device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the water collection bag structure of the accumulated water collection device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure of the accumulated water collecting device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a distillation crystallization apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a data image acquisition device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a cyclonic separator apparatus according to the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a water reservoir of the present invention;
in the figure: 11 is a water collecting bag, 12 is a hollow guide pipe, 13 is a groove, 14 is a signal emitter of a ponding collecting device, 15 is a sliding block, 16 is a rotary sliding rod, 17 is a sliding rail, 18 is an electromagnetic coil, 19 is a cross rod, 110 is a pulley and 111 is a salt conveying opening; 21 is a water inlet of the cyclone separator, 22 is a spiral pipe, 23 is a bent pipe, 24 is a water guide pipe, 25 is a water pumping pipe, 26 is a sedimentation tank, 27 is a flocculating agent tank, 28 is the cyclone separator, 29 is a water suction pipe, 210 is a water pumping pump, 211 is an overflow pipe, 212 is an overflow outlet, 213 is a three-way pipe, and 214 is a liquid discharge port; 31 is a tank bracket, 32 is a water outlet of a condensation tank, 33 is a water outlet pipe, 34 is a water outlet, 35 is a signal receiver of a distillation crystallization device, 36 is a condensation tank, 37 is a condensation pipe, 38 is a crystallization tank, 39 is a rotating motor, 310 is a rotating rod, 311 is a stirring fan blade, 312 is an electric heating net, and 313 is a heat conducting wall; 41 is a bottom support, 42 is a camera placing groove, and 43 is a bracket; the water reservoir 51, the spray pipe 52 and the water pump 53.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples and drawings, but the invention is not limited thereto:
the intelligent farmland drainage system controlled by the single chip microcomputer (a drainage system or a drainage system for short, see figures 1-7) comprises a ponding collection device, a ponding purification treatment device, a distillation crystallization device, an image acquisition device, a ponding recycling device and a single chip microcomputer control device; the accumulated water collection device is positioned in the middle, the accumulated water purification treatment device is positioned on the left side of the accumulated water collection device, the distillation crystallization device is positioned above the accumulated water collection device, the accumulated water recycling device is positioned on the right side of the distillation crystallization device, and the image acquisition device is positioned above the accumulated water recycling device and is flush with the distillation crystallization device; the single chip microcomputer control device controls the accumulated water collecting device, the accumulated water purifying treatment device, the distillation crystallization device, the image acquisition device and the accumulated water recycling device to perform corresponding actions; the outlet of the accumulated water collecting device is connected with the accumulated water purifying device, a flocculating agent is added into accumulated water in the accumulated water purifying device, the accumulated water is fully fused through a spiral pipeline and is precipitated in a precipitation tank, and then the precipitate is discharged through a cyclone separator. The purified water is connected with a distillation crystallization device through a condensation pipe, and the distillation crystallization device is arranged above the accumulated water collecting device. And the water storage device is connected with the accumulated water recycling device through a water drainage pipe, and the image acquisition device is fixed above the water storage tank to detect farmland conditions in four directions, namely front, back, left and right.
The accumulated water collecting device absorbs water by using concentration difference and comprises a plurality of mutually separated water collecting bags 11, a hollow guide pipe 12, a sliding block 15, a sliding rail 17, an electromagnetic coil 18, a pulley 110 and a rotary slide rod 16, wherein the hollow guide pipe 12 is uniformly provided with a plurality of outward grooves 13, each groove 13 is internally provided with the sliding rail 17 and a fixed rod, the fixed rod is positioned at one end of the sliding rail, the pulley 110 is fixed above the fixed rod through a cross rod 19, the pulley 110 is connected with one end of the rotary slide rod 16, the other end of the rotary slide rod is connected with one end of the water collecting bag, the sliding block 15 is embedded on the sliding rail 17 and connected with the other end of the water collecting bag, and the water collecting bags are folded and unfolded under the action of the rotary slide rod and the sliding block; an electromagnetic coil is arranged on the fixed rod, the upper end of the fixed rod is connected with the cross rod, and an electromagnetic coil 18 is positioned right below the pulley and penetrates through the whole fixed rod; the electromagnetic coil 18 is electrified, and can generate attraction force or repulsion force to the sliding block to enable the sliding block to slide upwards or downwards, and the sliding rod is rotated to rotate downwards or upwards under the action of the water collecting bag, so that the water collecting bag is contracted and expanded; the water collecting bag is made of permeable membranes, and salt which is easily dissolved in water is filled in the water collecting bag, so that the concentration of the water collecting bag is higher than the external concentration; a spectrophotometer is arranged in the water collecting bag, a plurality of channels are arranged in the hollow flow guide pipe, the number of the channels is matched with that of the water collecting bag, each channel is connected with a salt conveying port of a corresponding sliding block through a small hose, the salt conveying ports are communicated with the interior of the water collecting bag, each sliding block is tightly connected with the water collecting bag, and salt flowing in through the hollow flow guide pipe can finally flow into the water collecting bag through the sliding blocks, so that the concentration in the water collecting bag is always higher than the outside, and stable water absorption is realized; when the bag that catchments expandes, the slider slides the below of slide rail, and little hose can pass the salt to the bag that catchments this moment, and when the bag that catchments was packed up, the salt can not enter into the bag that catchments this moment, but preserves in the passageway the inside, just can get into the bag that catchments until next time use salt.
The accumulated water purification treatment device comprises a water suction pipe 29, a water suction pump 210, a bent pipe 23, a three-way pipe 213, a spiral pipe 22, a sedimentation tank 26, a flocculating agent tank 27 and a cyclone separator 28; one water collecting bag is connected with a water suction pipe 29, the other end of the water suction pipe is connected with one port of a three-way pipe 213 through a water suction pump 210, and accumulated water collected in the water collecting bag is pumped out; the flocculating agent tank 27 is connected with the two ports of the three-way pipe through a pipeline; the three ports of the three-way pipe are in threaded connection with one end of a spiral pipe 22, and the other end of the spiral pipe 22 is connected with a sedimentation tank 26 through a bent pipe 23 and a water guide pipe 24; the sedimentation tank 26 is connected with a water inlet 21 of the cyclone separator through a water suction pipe 25 and another water suction pump, impurities in accumulated water are precipitated in the sedimentation tank 26, then the water in the sedimentation tank enters the cyclone separator 28 through the water inlet 21 of the cyclone separator through the water suction pipe 25 and one water suction pump, a liquid discharge port 214 is formed in the bottom of the cyclone separator, an overflow port 212 is led out from the middle of the cyclone separator, and the overflow port is connected with the distillation crystallization device through an overflow pipe 211;
the water enters the cyclone separator along the tangential direction, under the action of centrifugal force, turbid liquid sinks and is discharged from the liquid discharge port 214, and clear liquid rises and overflows from the overflow port 212; the accumulated water purifying device mixes the muddy water and the flocculating agent together through a three-way pipe, then the muddy water and the flocculating agent are fully stirred through a spiral pipe, and then the muddy water and the flocculating agent are injected into a sedimentation tank for sedimentation and are sent to a cyclone separator for separation;
the distillation crystallization device comprises a crystallization tank body 38 and a condensation tank body 36, the two tank bodies are arranged in parallel, and the upper parts of the two tank bodies are connected through a condensation pipe 37; a water level detector is arranged in the crystallization tank body 38 and can detect the water level in the tank body at the moment, the inlet of the crystallization tank body is connected with an overflow pipe 211, and the outlet 34 at the lower end of the crystallization tank body is opposite to the upper end of the hollow draft tube;
a rotating rod 310 is arranged in the crystallization tank body 38, stirring blades 311 are arranged on the rotating rod, the upper end of the rotating rod 310 is connected with a rotating motor, the rotating motor is positioned outside the crystallization tank body 38 and realizes a stirring function along with the rotation of the rotating motor, a heat conducting wall 313 is arranged on the inner wall of the crystallization tank body, an electric heating net 312 is arranged in the heat conducting wall, along with the stirring, the water is gradually heated to be evaporated into the condensation tank body, and salt crystals are discharged from a discharge port; the water level detector inside the crystallizer tank is used for detecting the water level in the tank, when the threshold value is reached, the overflow pipe 211 is temporarily closed until the evaporation work is finished, the crystallized salt enters the discharge port 34 of the crystallizer tank 38, the overflow pipe 211 is opened, water is continuously fed, and the work is continued. Thereby controlling the discharge port 34 of the crystallization tank body 38 to discharge the salt to the hollow draft tube 12;
the accumulated water recycling device comprises a water storage tank 51 and a water pump 53, wherein the inlet of the water storage tank 51 is connected with a condensation tank body water outlet 32 of a condensation tank body 36 through a water outlet pipe 33, condensed water of the condensation tank body 36 is discharged into the water storage tank 51, the water pump 53 is arranged in the water storage tank, the water pump is connected with a water spraying pipe 52, the water spraying pipe penetrates out of the water storage tank, water is sprayed by the water spraying pipe 52 for farmland irrigation, and necessary nutrient substances are provided for crop growth; when the water pump 53 in the reservoir 51 receives the signal sent by the singlechip, the water pump starts working and irrigates the farmland through the water spraying port 52.
The image acquisition device comprises four groups of CCD cameras which are fixedly arranged on the front, back, left and right positions of the upper part of the water storage tank through camera supports respectively; the camera bracket 43 is fixed on the upper part of the reservoir through a bottom support 41, a camera placing groove 42 is arranged on the upper part of the camera bracket 43, and a CCD camera is arranged in the camera placing groove 42. The system is placed in four directions, images in four directions can be collected, and a machine vision technology is adopted to be combined with a module embedded in the system for distinguishing, wherein the module embedded in the system refers to an image processing module.
The single chip microcomputer control device comprises a single chip microcomputer, a single chip microcomputer signal receiver, a single chip microcomputer signal transmitter, a ponding collection device signal transmitter 14, a distillation crystallization device signal receiver 35, an alarm and an image processing module (not marked in the drawing), the single chip microcomputer is installed in a control room, the single chip microcomputer signal receiver, the single chip microcomputer signal transmitter, the image processing module are all connected with the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is simultaneously connected with four CCD cameras, the alarm, an electromagnetic coil 18 and a water pump 53 are electrically connected, the single chip microcomputer signal receiver is placed on the roof, the single chip microcomputer signal transmitter is placed beside the single chip microcomputer, the ponding collection device signal transmitter 14 is installed near the ponding collection device, the distillation crystallization device signal receiver 35 is installed on the distillation crystallization device, the ponding collection device signal transmitter 14 is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer signal receiver and the spectrophotometer inside the water collection bag 11, and the single chip microcomputer signal transmitter is electrically connected with the distillation crystallization device signal receiver 35.
The spectrophotometer inside have processing module, can be with the concentration that detects and the threshold value comparison of settlement, when the concentration is less than the threshold value, will pass through ponding collection device signal transmitter with the signal transfer to singlechip controlling means with the signal, by singlechip signal receiver received signal, handle control signal again by singlechip signal transmitter transmission for distillation crystallization device through the singlechip, by distillation crystallization device signal receiver receipt to the below discharge port of the crystallization tank body is opened to the control distillation crystallization device. The lower part of the discharge port of the crystallization tank body is a hollow guide pipe, salt obtained after distillation is guided into the hollow guide pipe through the discharge port, and the salt is conveyed into the water collecting bag 11 along the pipeline of the hollow guide pipe.
The single chip microcomputer adopts an STM32F101R6 single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer is low in cost and power consumption and can meet the requirements of the invention. The specific implementation process is as follows: firstly, a single chip microcomputer converts a target shot by a CCD camera into an image signal, the image signal is transmitted to an image processing module to obtain morphological information of the shot target, the image signal is converted into a digital signal according to information such as pixel distribution, brightness and color, then the image processing module processes the digital signal and judges the characteristics of the extracted target to determine the type of a planted plant, then various information about the normal state and the diseased state of the plant is called, the color is calibrated by carrying out threshold segmentation on the shot picture and the like, the color is compared with the known picture about the plant to determine whether the plant lacks trace elements or water, if the plant lacks water, the single chip microcomputer controls a water pump 53 to spray water, if the plant lacks trace elements, an alarm is controlled by the single chip microcomputer to warn, and the system is more intelligent. Then the processed signals can be transmitted out through a signal transmitter of the single chip microcomputer.
The invention is further characterized in that eight grooves are arranged on the hollow draft tube 12 and divided into two groups, pulleys of one group of grooves are arranged at the upper end of a corresponding slide rail, pulleys of the other group of grooves are arranged at the lower end of a corresponding slide rail, the included angle between the grooves at the upper ends of two adjacent pulleys is 90 degrees, a groove at the lower end of a pulley is arranged between the grooves at the upper ends of two adjacent pulleys, and the included angle between the grooves at the lower ends of two adjacent pulleys is also 90 degrees.
The working principle and the process of the drainage system are as follows: firstly, ponding collection device utilizes the concentration difference to absorb water, ponding that will collect mixes ponding and flocculating agent together through three-way pipe 213, through the abundant integration in spiral pipe 22, flow into the sedimentation tank, send into cyclone with the water in the sedimentation tank again, make turbid liquid descend in cyclone, the clear liquid rises, enter into the distillation jar body of distillation crystallization device through the overflow mouth, through the heating, the distillation, water vapor passes through the condenser pipe and reachs the condensation jar body, and the crystallization of salt can appear in the distillation crystallization device. The water in the condensation tank body finally flows into a reservoir of the accumulated water recycling device. When the spectrophotometer of the inside of the water collecting bag detects that the concentration is reduced, the signal emitter of the accumulated water collecting device can emit signals to the single chip microcomputer control device, then the single chip microcomputer signal emitter emits signals to the distillation crystallization device signal receiver, the discharge port of the distillation crystallization tank body is controlled to be opened, the water collecting bag is supplemented with salt, the concentration is always higher than the external concentration, and the water is continuously absorbed.
Example 1
The drainage system of the embodiment comprises a ponding collection device, a ponding purification treatment device, a distillation crystallization device, an image acquisition device, a ponding recycling device and a single chip microcomputer control device. The accumulated water collecting device is connected with the accumulated water purifying device through a water guide pipe, a flocculating agent is added into the accumulated water in the accumulated water purifying device, the accumulated water is fully fused through a spiral pipeline and is precipitated in a sedimentation tank, and then the precipitate is discharged through a cyclone separator. The purified water is connected with a distillation crystallization device through an ascending pipeline, and the distillation crystallization device is arranged above the accumulated water collecting device; and then is connected with a ponding recycling device through a drain pipe, and the image acquisition device is fixed above the reservoir in four directions.
Ponding collection device utilizes the concentration difference to absorb water, has eight recesses 13 on cavity honeycomb duct 12, falls into two sets ofly, and the mutually nonintersecting, the pulley mounting of a set of recess is in the upper end of corresponding slide rail, and the pulley mounting of another set of recess is at the lower extreme of corresponding slide rail, and the contained angle of two adjacent pulleys between the recess of upper end is 90, and two adjacent pulleys set up the recess of pulley at the lower extreme between the recess of upper end, and the contained angle of two adjacent pulleys between the recess of lower extreme also is 90. A sliding rail 17 and a fixed rod are respectively fixed in the eight grooves, the fixed rod is connected with one end of the sliding rail, a sliding block 15 is embedded in the sliding rail, one sliding block 15 is connected with one water collecting bag 11, eight water collecting bags are formed in total, an electromagnetic coil 18 is fixed on the fixed rod, a pulley 110 and a rotary sliding rod 16 are fixed above the electromagnetic coil 18 through a cross rod, one end of the rotary sliding rod is connected with the pulley, and the other end of the rotary sliding rod is connected with the water collecting bag; when the electromagnetic coil 18 is electrified, an upward attraction force is generated on the sliding block 15, the sliding block 15 drives the water collecting bag 11 to move upwards, the pulley 110 and the rotary sliding rod 16 rotate downwards around the cross rod 19, so that the water collecting bag 11 is collected, and when the work is started, the steps are reversed. At this time, the water collecting bag 11 is unfolded to increase the contact area with the ground and increase the water absorption amount. The concentration difference absorbs water, the concentration difference in the water collecting bag 11 needs to be higher than the concentration difference outside the water collecting bag, the water collecting bag is soluble in water, salt can be extracted again in an evaporation crystallization mode, and the preferred salt is potassium salt, so that the water is soluble in water, and potassium element is beneficial to the growth of plants. The concentration in the water collecting bag is increased by sylvite, and salt can be recycled, the invention places the crystallizing tank body on the upper part of a hollow flow guide pipe 12, the hollow flow guide pipe internally comprises a plurality of channels, the number of the channels is matched with the number of the water collecting bags, each channel is connected with a salt conveying port of a corresponding slide block through a small hose, and the salt conveying port 111 is communicated with the inside of the water collecting bags; the salt can be conveniently recycled, the natural environmental protection is realized, and the waste is avoided.
The accumulated water purifying device comprises a water suction pipe 29, a water suction pump 210, a bent pipe 23, a three-way pipe 213, a spiral pipe 22, a sedimentation tank 26, a flocculating agent tank 27 and a cyclone separator 28, wherein one water suction pipe 29 is connected with a water collection bag 11, accumulated water collected by the water collection bag is pumped out through the water suction pump 210, one port of the three-way pipe 213 passes through one port of the three-way pipe 213, one port of the three-way pipe 213 is circular, and a smooth diamond shape is arranged on the periphery of the circular shape, so that the water suction pipe 29 is fixed at one port through screws and cannot fall off. The flocculant pool 27 is connected with two ports of the three-way pipe 213 through a pipeline and a corresponding water suction pump 210, and the two ports are circular, can be fixed by adding a rubber mat and cannot leak water. The three-way pipe 213 is circular and has threads inside, so that the hard spiral pipe 22 can be rotated into the threads. The sedimentation tank 26 is connected with the spiral pipe 22 through the bent pipe 23 and the water guide pipe 24, water in the sedimentation tank 26 is connected with the water inlet 21 of the cyclone separator through the water suction pipe 25 and the corresponding water suction pump, the water enters the cyclone separator 28 from the water inlet 21 of the cyclone separator along the tangential direction, turbid liquid sinks under the action of centrifugal force and is discharged from the liquid discharge port 214, and clear liquid rises and overflows from the overflow port 212;
the distillation crystallization device comprises a crystallization tank 38 and a condensation tank 36, wherein the two tanks are arranged in parallel and connected through a condensation pipe 37, the interior of the crystallization tank 38 is enclosed by a layer of electric heating net 312 through a heat conducting wall 313, a water level detector is arranged in the crystallization tank and can detect the water level in the tank at the moment, when a threshold value is reached, an overflow pipe 211 is temporarily closed until the evaporation work is finished, crystallized salt enters a discharge port 34 of the crystallization tank 38, the overflow pipe 211 is opened, and water continues to enter for continuous work. 8 the inside spectrophotometer of 11 inside bags that catchment is connected with ponding collection device signal transmitter, spectrophotometer inside have processing module, can compare the concentration that detects with the threshold value of settlement, when concentration is less than the threshold value, will pass through ponding collection device signal transmitter with signal transfer to singlechip control device with the signal, by singlechip signal receiver received signal, handle through the singlechip and transmit control signal for distillation crystallization device by singlechip signal transmitter again, receive by distillation crystallization device signal receiver, thereby control distillation crystallization device opens the below discharge port of the crystallizer body 38. The lower part of the discharge port of the crystallization tank body is a hollow draft tube 12, salt obtained after distillation is guided into the hollow draft tube 12 through the discharge port, and the salt is conveyed into a water collecting bag 11 along the pipeline of the hollow draft tube 12.
The accumulated water recycling device discharges condensed water in the condensation tank body 36 into the reservoir 51, when a water pump 53 in the reservoir 51 receives a signal sent by the single chip microcomputer, the accumulated water recycling device starts to work, water is irrigated to farmlands through the water spray ports 52, and necessary nutrient substances are provided for crop growth.
The image acquisition device is characterized in that four groups of CDD camera brackets 43 are arranged above the reservoir 51, the CDD cameras are placed in the camera placing groove 42, pictures at four angles can be shot, and the shot pictures are distinguished by combining a machine vision technology with an image processing module.
The single chip microcomputer control device comprises a single chip microcomputer, a single chip microcomputer signal receiver, a single chip microcomputer signal transmitter, an accumulated water collecting device signal transmitter 14, a distillation crystallization device signal receiver 35, an alarm and an image processing module, the single chip microcomputer is installed in the control room, the single chip microcomputer signal receiver, the single chip microcomputer signal transmitter and the image processing module are all connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer is simultaneously and electrically connected with the four CCD cameras, the alarm, the electromagnetic coil 18 and the water pump 53; the single chip microcomputer signal receiver is placed on the roof, the single chip microcomputer signal transmitter is placed beside the single chip microcomputer, the accumulated water collecting device signal transmitter 14 is installed near the accumulated water collecting device, the distillation crystallizing device signal receiver 35 is installed on the distillation crystallizing device, the accumulated water collecting device signal transmitter 14 is respectively electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer signal receiver and the spectrophotometer inside the water collecting bag 11, and the single chip microcomputer signal transmitter is electrically connected with the distillation crystallizing device signal receiver 35.
The invention is applicable to the prior art where nothing is said.
Claims (4)
1. An intelligent farmland drainage system controlled by a single chip microcomputer is characterized by comprising an accumulated water collecting device, an accumulated water purifying treatment device, a distillation crystallization device, an image acquisition device, an accumulated water recycling device and a single chip microcomputer control device; the accumulated water collection device is positioned in the middle, the distillation crystallization device is positioned above the accumulated water collection device, a discharge port of the distillation crystallization device is connected with an inlet of the accumulated water recycling device, and the image collection device is arranged above the accumulated water recycling device; the single chip microcomputer control device controls the accumulated water collecting device, the accumulated water purifying treatment device, the distillation crystallization device, the image acquisition device and the accumulated water recycling device to perform corresponding actions; the outlet of the accumulated water collecting device is connected with the inlet of the accumulated water purifying device, and the water outlet of the accumulated water purifying device is connected with the inlet of the distillation crystallizing device through a condensing pipe;
the accumulated water collecting device absorbs water by using concentration difference and comprises a plurality of mutually separated water collecting bags, a hollow flow guide pipe, a sliding block, a sliding rail, an electromagnetic coil, a pulley and a rotary sliding rod, wherein a plurality of outward grooves are uniformly formed in the hollow flow guide pipe; the electromagnetic coil is arranged on the fixed rod, is positioned right below the pulley and penetrates through the whole fixed rod; the water collecting bag is made of a permeable membrane, and salt which is easily dissolved in water is filled in the water collecting bag; a spectrophotometer is arranged in the water collecting bag, a plurality of channels are arranged in the hollow flow guide pipe, the number of the channels is matched with that of the water collecting bag, each channel is connected with a salt conveying port of a corresponding sliding block through a small hose, and the salt conveying ports are communicated with the interior of the water collecting bag;
the accumulated water purification treatment device comprises a water suction pipe, a water suction pump, a bent pipe, a three-way pipe, a spiral pipe, a sedimentation tank, a flocculating agent tank and a cyclone separator; one water collecting bag is connected with a water suction pipe, and the other end of the water suction pipe is connected with one port of the three-way pipe through a water suction pump; the flocculant pool is connected with the two ports of the three-way pipe through a pipeline; three ports of the three-way pipe are in threaded connection with one end of a spiral pipe, and the other end of the spiral pipe is connected with the sedimentation tank through a bent pipe and a water guide pipe; the sedimentation tank is connected with a water inlet of a cyclone separator of the cyclone separator through a water suction pipe and another water suction pump; the bottom of the cyclone separator is provided with a liquid outlet, the middle part of the cyclone separator is led out of an overflow port, and the overflow port is connected with a distillation crystallization device through an overflow pipe;
the distillation crystallization device comprises a crystallization tank body and a condensation tank body, wherein the two tank bodies are arranged in parallel, and the upper parts of the two tank bodies are connected through a condensation pipe; a water level detector is arranged in the crystallization tank body, an inlet of the crystallization tank body is connected with an overflow pipe, and a discharge port at the lower end of the crystallization tank body is over against the upper end of the hollow flow guide pipe;
the accumulated water recycling device comprises a water storage tank and a water pump, wherein an inlet of the water storage tank is connected with a water outlet of a condensation tank body of the condensation tank body through a water discharge pipe, the water pump is arranged in the water storage tank, the water pump is connected with a water spray pipe, the water spray pipe penetrates out of the water storage tank, and water is sprayed from the water spray pipe for farmland irrigation;
the image acquisition device comprises four groups of CCD cameras which are fixedly arranged on the front, back, left and right positions of the upper part of the water storage tank through camera supports respectively;
the camera support is fixed on the upper part of the reservoir through a bottom support, a camera placing groove is formed in the upper part of the camera support, and a CCD camera is installed in the camera placing groove;
the internal installation of crystallization tank has the rotary rod, installs stirring fan blade on the rotary rod, and the rotating electrical machines is connected to the upper end of rotary rod, and the rotating electrical machines is located the crystallization tank external portion, is equipped with the heat conduction wall on the inner wall of the crystallization tank body, has the electric heat net in the heat conduction wall.
2. The intelligent farmland drainage system controlled by the single chip microcomputer according to claim 1, wherein the single chip microcomputer control device comprises a single chip microcomputer, a single chip microcomputer signal receiver, a single chip microcomputer signal transmitter, an accumulated water collecting device signal transmitter, a distillation crystallization device signal receiver, an alarm and an image processing module, the single chip microcomputer is installed in the control room, the single chip microcomputer signal receiver, the single chip microcomputer signal transmitter and the image processing module are all connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer is simultaneously and electrically connected with the four CCD cameras, the alarm, the electromagnetic coil and the water pump; the single chip microcomputer signal receiver is placed on a roof, the single chip microcomputer signal transmitter is placed beside the single chip microcomputer, the accumulated water collecting device signal transmitter is installed nearby the accumulated water collecting device, the distillation crystallization device signal receiver is installed on the distillation crystallization device, the accumulated water collecting device signal transmitter is respectively electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer signal receiver and a spectrophotometer inside the water collecting bag, and the single chip microcomputer signal transmitter is electrically connected with the distillation crystallization device signal receiver.
3. The intelligent farmland drainage system controlled by the single chip microcomputer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the specific implementation process of the single chip microcomputer is as follows: firstly, a target shot by a CCD camera is converted into an image signal by a singlechip, the image signal is transmitted to an image processing module to obtain form information of the shot target, the form information is converted into a digital signal according to pixel distribution, brightness and color information, then the digital signal is processed by the image processing module, the characteristic of the extracted target is distinguished to determine the type of a planted plant, various information about the normal state and the diseased state of the plant is called out, the color is calibrated by carrying out threshold segmentation on the shot picture, the obtained picture is compared with a known picture about the plant to determine whether the plant lacks trace elements or water, if the plant lacks water, the singlechip controls a water pump to spray water, and if the plant lacks trace elements, the singlechip controls an alarm to give an alarm.
4. The intelligent farmland drainage system controlled by the single chip microcomputer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hollow draft tube is provided with eight grooves which are divided into two groups, pulleys of one group of grooves are arranged at the upper end of the corresponding slide rail, pulleys of the other group of grooves are arranged at the lower end of the corresponding slide rail, the included angle between the grooves at the upper ends of two adjacent pulleys is 90 degrees, a groove at the lower end of a pulley is arranged between the grooves at the upper end of two adjacent pulleys, and the included angle between the grooves at the lower end of two adjacent pulleys is also 90 degrees.
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