CN107716689A - A kind of positive drawing under sheet material inflation back pressure effect is backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging and its method - Google Patents
A kind of positive drawing under sheet material inflation back pressure effect is backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging and its method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107716689A CN107716689A CN201711210357.2A CN201711210357A CN107716689A CN 107716689 A CN107716689 A CN 107716689A CN 201711210357 A CN201711210357 A CN 201711210357A CN 107716689 A CN107716689 A CN 107716689A
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- pin
- punch
- sheet material
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- matrix cavity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
- B21D26/027—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
- B21D26/031—Mould construction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/053—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure characterised by the material of the blanks
- B21D26/055—Blanks having super-plastic properties
Abstract
For a kind of positive drawing under sheet material inflation back pressure effect backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging and its method, it is related to a kind of superplastic formation devices and methods therefor.It can be ruptured the invention aims to solve traditional superplastic forming technology during the larger part of shaping ratio of height to diameter because part wall is constantly thinned, the problem of ratio of height to diameter larger part can not be shaped.Device includes punch-pin, pressure coil, cavity plate and air-filled pore.Method：First, mould assembles；2nd, heat up；3rd, set punch-pin downstream rate and to sheet material to be formed apply pressure, set pressure coil to sheet material to be formed apply pressure；4th, start punch-pin and pressure coil, gas is passed through into matrix cavity, obtains forming part.The present invention can obtain positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of superplastic formation devices and methods therefor.
Background technology
Conventional panels superplastic forming mainly obtains shape by the barometric pressure load of low strain rate under high temperature, due to stress shape
State is mainly two-way tension, therefore certainly exists the thinning phenomenon in forming process, for general ratio of height to diameter less zero
Part, it is possible to achieve it is once-forming go out complicated shape, its thickness distribution can be also controlled by thinned order, such as forward and reverse
Gas expansion forming, the methods of plate is pre- thinned.But for the larger part of ratio of height to diameter, the meeting in deformation process of sheet deformation area
Ruptured due to being constantly thinned, simple superplastic air bulge can not then meet shaping demand, such as Figure of description completely
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of traditional superplastic formation, utilizes the shaping zero of traditional superplastic formation device and method shaping
Part is as shown in Figure of description Fig. 2.As can be seen from Figure 2, conventional panels superplastic forming method can not mold larger zero of ratio of height to diameter
Part, sheet deformation area can rupture in deformation process due to being constantly thinned, therefore, the height of existing superplastic forming part
Footpath is no more than 1 than maximum, and thickness distribution differs greatly.
The content of the invention
Can be by during the larger part of shaping ratio of height to diameter the invention aims to solve traditional superplastic forming technology
Constantly it is thinned and ruptures in part wall, the problem of ratio of height to diameter larger part can not be shaped, and a kind of sheet material is provided and filled
Positive drawing under gas back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging and its method.
Positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging includes punch-pin, pressure
Power circle, cavity plate and air-filled pore；
Matrix cavity and air-filled pore are provided with inside described cavity plate, the bottom of matrix cavity is connected with air-filled pore；
The top of described cavity plate is provided with punch-pin and pressure coil；Punch-pin is placed in inside pressure coil, the axis of punch-pin and cavity plate
Line overlaps, and punch-pin can be with matrix cavity matched moulds；
The internal diameter of described pressure coil is equal with the diameter in the inwall cross section on matrix cavity top；
Sheet material to be formed is placed in the space that punch-pin, pressure coil and cavity plate are formed.
A kind of positive drawing under sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging be to utilize a kind of plate
Positive drawing under material inflation back pressure effect-completed backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging, it is specifically complete according to the following steps
Into：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, allows to move down on punch-pin
It is dynamic；Pressure coil is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, moves up and down pressure coil；Again by cavity plate
It is fixed on by pressing plate on the lower platform of double action press；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate, mobile punch-pin and pressure coil, makes punch-pin and pressure coil and treats into
Based plate is in contact；The temperature of punch-pin and cavity plate is warming up to the superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed by heat riser；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is sheet material to be formed
Fusing point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin is 5mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is
0.2MPa~5MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiFor i moment punch-pin edge
The girth in cavity plate cavity wall cross section corresponding to punch-pin lower surface, unit mm when being moved in the middle axial matrix cavity of matrix cavity；
σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin and pressure coil at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed, while passes through inflation
Hole is passed through gas into matrix cavity, and it is 0.2MPa~5MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity, when punch-pin runs to its lower surface
Apart from the bottom of matrix cavity during 10mm~50mm, double action press and heat riser are closed, punch-pin and pressure coil is stopped work
Make, adjust the aeration quantity in air-filled pore, it is 1MPa~2MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity；When the temperature of punch-pin and cavity plate
Room temperature is naturally cooled to, opens double action press, punch-pin and pressure coil is then stripped, then will be molded away from matrix cavity
Part takes out out of matrix cavity, that is, completes the positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-super be moulded into backwards to bulging is compound
Shape method.
A kind of positive drawing under sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging be to utilize a kind of plate
Positive drawing under material inflation back pressure effect-completed backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging, it is specifically complete according to the following steps
Into：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, allows to move down on punch-pin
It is dynamic；Pressure coil is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, moves up and down pressure coil；Again by cavity plate
It is fixed on by pressing plate on the lower platform of double action press；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate, mobile punch-pin and pressure coil, makes punch-pin and pressure coil and treats into
Based plate is in contact；The temperature of punch-pin and cavity plate is warming up to the superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed by heat riser；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is sheet material to be formed
Fusing point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin is 5mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is
1MPa~10MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiFor i moment punch-pin edge
The girth in cavity plate cavity wall cross section corresponding to punch-pin lower surface, unit mm when being moved in the middle axial matrix cavity of matrix cavity；
σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, at a temperature of the temperature of sheet material to be formed is its superplastic forming, punch-pin and pressure coil are started, when punch-pin is to cavity plate
By air-filled pore, into matrix cavity, point 5 stage~20 stages are passed through gas in chamber running, and each stage is into matrix cavity
The time for being passed through gas is 1min~5min, and the gas pressure in matrix cavity is 0.2MPa~2MPa；When punch-pin is run under it
During bottom 10mm~50mm of end face distance matrix cavity, double action press is closed, punch-pin and pressure coil is stopped, adjusted
Aeration quantity in air-filled pore, it is 0.2MPa~2MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity；When the temperature of punch-pin and cavity plate is naturally cold
But to room temperature, open double action press, punch-pin and pressure coil is then stripped away from matrix cavity, then by forming part from
Take out in matrix cavity, that is, complete positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming side of bulging
Method.
A kind of positive drawing under sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging be to utilize a kind of plate
Positive drawing under material inflation back pressure effect-completed backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging, it is specifically complete according to the following steps
Into：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, allows to move down on punch-pin
It is dynamic；Pressure coil is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, moves up and down pressure coil；Again by cavity plate
It is fixed on by pressing plate on the lower platform of double action press；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate, mobile punch-pin and pressure coil, makes punch-pin and pressure coil and treats into
Based plate is in contact；The temperature of punch-pin and cavity plate is warming up to the superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed by heat riser；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is sheet material to be formed
Fusing point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin is 2mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is
1MPa~10MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiFor i moment punch-pin edge
The girth in cavity plate cavity wall cross section corresponding to punch-pin lower surface, unit mm when being moved in the middle axial matrix cavity of matrix cavity；
σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin and pressure coil at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed, while passes through inflation
Hole is passed through gas into matrix cavity, and it is 0.2MPa~5MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity, and punch-pin divides 5 stage~20
Stage is run into matrix cavity, and each stage punch-pin time out of service is 5min~20min, when punch-pin is run under it
During bottom 10mm~50mm of end face distance matrix cavity, double action press and heat riser are closed, stops punch-pin and pressure coil
Work, the aeration quantity in air-filled pore is adjusted, it is 1MPa~2MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity；When the temperature of punch-pin and cavity plate
Degree naturally cools to room temperature, opens double action press, punch-pin and pressure coil is then stripped away from matrix cavity, then will be into
Type part takes out out of matrix cavity, that is, completes positive drawing-compound super modeling of bulging backwards under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect
Manufacturing process.
A kind of positive drawing under sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging be to utilize a kind of plate
Positive drawing-compound superplastic forming device completion of bulging backwards under material inflation back pressure effect, is specifically realized by the following steps
's：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, allows to move down on punch-pin
It is dynamic；Pressure coil is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, moves up and down pressure coil；Again by cavity plate
It is fixed on by pressing plate on the lower platform of double action press；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate, mobile punch-pin and pressure coil, makes punch-pin and pressure coil and treats into
Based plate is in contact；The temperature of punch-pin and cavity plate is warming up to the superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed by heat riser；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is sheet material to be formed
Fusing point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin is 2mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is 2MPa
~10MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiFor i moment punch-pin edge
The girth in cavity plate cavity wall cross section corresponding to punch-pin lower surface, unit mm when being moved in the middle axial matrix cavity of matrix cavity；
σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin and pressure coil at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed, while passes through inflation
Hole is passed through gas into matrix cavity, and it is 0.2MPa~5MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity, and punch-pin divides 5 stage~20
Stage is run into matrix cavity, and each stage punch-pin time out of service is 5min~20min, and punch-pin leads to while operation
Overcharge stomata and gas is passed through into matrix cavity, also stop being passed through gas into matrix cavity when punch-pin is out of service；When punch-pin is transported
Row during 10mm~50mm, closes double action press and heat riser, makes punch-pin and pressure to its lower surface apart from the bottom of matrix cavity
Power circle is stopped, and adjusts the aeration quantity in air-filled pore, it is 1MPa~2MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity；When punch-pin and
The temperature of cavity plate naturally cools to room temperature, opens double action press, punch-pin and pressure coil is then taken off away from matrix cavity
Mould, then forming part is taken out out of matrix cavity, that is, complete positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to swollen
The compound superplastic forming method of shape.
The principle and advantage of the present invention：
First, the present invention proposes the compound superplastic forming new method of drawing-anti-inflation shape under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect, should
Drawing is combined by method with bulging, by positive drawing and backwards to bulging collective effect, can inherently change sheet material change
Stress-strain state in shape, and by controlling the speed of service of the positive deep drawing speed i.e. punch-pin into matrix cavity and backwards to bulging
Speed is passed through the caused pressure of gas into matrix cavity, it is possible to achieve the superplastic forming of larger ratio of height to diameter part, in single process
Under the conditions of obtain complicated shape；
2nd, the present invention has superplastic sheet material, including titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature alloy suitable for all
And stainless steel, smooth implementation of the invention, the superplastic forming of larger ratio of height to diameter thin-walled parts can be filled up, it is high for promoting sheet material
The development of precision superplastic forming is significant；
3rd, more than 2 can be reached using the technology of the present invention, the ratio of height to diameter maximum of superplastic forming part.
The present invention can obtain positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming side of bulging
Method.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of traditional superplastic formation, and 1 be cavity plate in Fig. 1, and 2 be blank holder, and 3 be air-filled pore, and 4 be to treat
Sheet forming, 5 be forming part；
Fig. 2 is the digital photograph using the forming part of traditional superplastic formation device and method shaping；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of sheet material described in embodiment one inflates positive drawing-answered backwards to bulging under back pressure effect
The structural representation of superplastic forming device is closed, 1 is punch-pin in Fig. 3, and 2 be pressure coil, and 3 be cavity plate, and 4 be air-filled pore, and 5 be cavity plate
Chamber, 6 be sheet material to be formed；
Fig. 4 is that schematic flow sheet is molded in embodiment one, and 1 is punch-pin in Fig. 4, and 2 be pressure coil, and 3 be cavity plate, and 4 be inflation
Hole, 5 be matrix cavity, and 6 be sheet material to be formed；
Fig. 5 is the digital photograph after the forming part that embodiment one is molded is cut；
Fig. 6 is the forming part digital photograph that embodiment one is molded；
Fig. 7 is the digital photograph after the forming part that embodiment two is molded is cut.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1, present embodiment is a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect
Under positive drawing-backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging, including punch-pin 1, pressure coil 2, cavity plate 3 and air-filled pore 4；
The described inside of cavity plate 3 is provided with matrix cavity 5 and air-filled pore 4, and the bottom of matrix cavity 5 is connected with air-filled pore 4；
The top of described cavity plate 3 is provided with punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2；Punch-pin 1 is placed in inside pressure coil 2, punch-pin 1 and cavity plate
3 axis overlaps, and punch-pin 1 can be with the matched moulds of matrix cavity 5；
The internal diameter of described pressure coil 2 is equal with the diameter in the inwall cross section on the top of matrix cavity 5；
Sheet material to be formed is placed in the space that punch-pin 1, pressure coil 2 and cavity plate 3 are formed.
Embodiment two：Positive drawing under a kind of sheet material of present embodiment inflation back pressure effect-answered backwards to bulging
It is to utilize the positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to bulging compound superplastic forming dress to close superplastic forming method
Completion is put, is specifically realized by the following steps：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin 1 is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, allows punch-pin about 1
It is mobile；Pressure coil 2 is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, moves up and down pressure coil 2；Again will
Cavity plate 3 is fixed on the lower platform of double action press by pressing plate；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate 3, mobile punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2
It is in contact with sheet material to be formed；The temperature of punch-pin 1 and cavity plate 3 is warming up into the super of sheet material to be formed by heat riser to be moulded into
Shape temperature；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is sheet material to be formed
Fusing point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin 1 is 5mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is
0.2MPa~5MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil 2 is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiFor i moment punch-pin 1
The girth in the inwall cross section of matrix cavity 5 corresponding to the lower surface of punch-pin 1 when being moved along the middle axial matrix cavity 5 of matrix cavity 5, it is single
Position is mm；σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed, while by filling
Stomata 4 is passed through gas into matrix cavity 5, and it is 0.2MPa~5MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5, when punch-pin 1 runs to it
Lower surface during 10mm~50mm, closes double action press and heat riser, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil apart from the bottom of matrix cavity 5
2 are stopped, and adjust the aeration quantity in air-filled pore 4, it is 1MPa~2MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5；When the He of punch-pin 1
The temperature of cavity plate 3 naturally cools to room temperature, opens double action press, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 away from matrix cavity 5, Ran Houjin
The row demoulding, then forming part is taken out out of matrix cavity 5, that is, complete positive drawing-back of the body under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect
To the compound superplastic forming method of bulging.
The principle and advantage of present embodiment：
First, present embodiment proposes that drawing-compound superplastic forming of anti-inflation shape under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect is newly square
Drawing is combined by method, this method with bulging, by positive drawing and backwards to bulging collective effect, can inherently be changed
Stress-strain state in sheet deformation, and by control the positive deep drawing speed i.e. speed of service of the punch-pin 1 into matrix cavity 5 and
The caused pressure of gas is passed through into matrix cavity 5 backwards to bulging speed, it is possible to achieve the superplastic forming of larger ratio of height to diameter part,
Complicated shape is obtained under the conditions of single process；
2nd, present embodiment has superplastic sheet material, including titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature suitable for all
Alloy and stainless steel, smooth implementation of the invention, the superplastic formings of larger ratio of height to diameter thin-walled parts can be filled up, for pushing plate
The development of material high accuracy superplastic forming is significant；
3rd, more than 2 can be reached using present embodiment technology, the ratio of height to diameter maximum of superplastic forming part.
Present embodiment can obtain positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming of bulging
Method.
Embodiment three：The difference of present embodiment and embodiment two is：Treated described in step 2
Sheet forming is titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature alloy or stainless steel.Other are identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment four：Positive drawing under a kind of sheet material of present embodiment inflation back pressure effect-answered backwards to bulging
It is positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-complete backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging to close superplastic forming method
Into, it is specifically realized by the following steps：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin 1 is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, allows punch-pin about 1
It is mobile；Pressure coil 2 is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, moves up and down pressure coil 2；Again will
Cavity plate 3 is fixed on the lower platform of double action press by pressing plate；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate 3, mobile punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2
It is in contact with sheet material to be formed；The temperature of punch-pin 1 and cavity plate 3 is warming up into the super of sheet material to be formed by heat riser to be moulded into
Shape temperature；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is sheet material to be formed
Fusing point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin 1 is 5mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is
1MPa~10MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil 2 is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiFor i moment punch-pin 1
The girth in the inwall cross section of matrix cavity 5 corresponding to the lower surface of punch-pin 1 when being moved along the middle axial matrix cavity 5 of matrix cavity 5, it is single
Position is mm；σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, at a temperature of the temperature of sheet material to be formed is its superplastic forming, start punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2, when punch-pin 1 to
By air-filled pore 4, into matrix cavity 5, point 5 stage~20 stages are passed through gas in the running of matrix cavity 5, each stage to
The time that gas is passed through in matrix cavity 5 is 1min~5min, and the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5 is 0.2MPa~2MPa；Work as punch-pin
1 runs to its lower surface apart from the bottom of matrix cavity 5 during 10mm~50mm, closes double action press, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2
It is stopped, adjusts the aeration quantity in air-filled pore 4, it is 0.2MPa~2MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5；When the He of punch-pin 1
The temperature of cavity plate 3 naturally cools to room temperature, opens double action press, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 away from matrix cavity 5, Ran Houjin
The row demoulding, then forming part is taken out out of matrix cavity 5, that is, complete positive drawing-back of the body under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect
To the compound superplastic forming method of bulging.
The principle and advantage of present embodiment：
First, present embodiment proposes that drawing-compound superplastic forming of anti-inflation shape under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect is newly square
Drawing is combined by method, this method with bulging, by positive drawing and backwards to bulging collective effect, can inherently be changed
Stress-strain state in sheet deformation, and by control the positive deep drawing speed i.e. speed of service of the punch-pin 1 into matrix cavity 5 and
The caused pressure of gas is passed through into matrix cavity 5 backwards to bulging speed, it is possible to achieve the superplastic forming of larger ratio of height to diameter part,
Complicated shape is obtained under the conditions of single process；
2nd, present embodiment has superplastic sheet material, including titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature suitable for all
Alloy and stainless steel, smooth implementation of the invention, the superplastic formings of larger ratio of height to diameter thin-walled parts can be filled up, for pushing plate
The development of material high accuracy superplastic forming is significant；
3rd, more than 2 can be reached using present embodiment technology, the ratio of height to diameter maximum of superplastic forming part.
Present embodiment can obtain positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming of bulging
Method.
Embodiment five：The difference of present embodiment and embodiment four is：Treated described in step 2
Sheet forming is titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature alloy or stainless steel.Other are identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment six：Positive drawing under a kind of sheet material of present embodiment inflation back pressure effect-answered backwards to bulging
It is to utilize the positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to bulging compound superplastic forming dress to close superplastic forming method
Completion is put, is specifically realized by the following steps：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin 1 is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, allows punch-pin about 1
It is mobile；Pressure coil 2 is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, moves up and down pressure coil 2；Again will
Cavity plate 3 is fixed on the lower platform of double action press by pressing plate；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate 3, mobile punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2
It is in contact with sheet material to be formed；The temperature of punch-pin 1 and cavity plate 3 is warming up into the super of sheet material to be formed by heat riser to be moulded into
Shape temperature；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is sheet material to be formed
Fusing point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin 1 is 2mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is
1MPa~10MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil 2 is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiFor i moment punch-pin 1
The girth in the inwall cross section of matrix cavity 5 corresponding to the lower surface of punch-pin 1 when being moved along the middle axial matrix cavity 5 of matrix cavity 5, it is single
Position is mm；σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed, while by filling
Stomata 4 is passed through gas into matrix cavity 5, and it is 0.2MPa~5MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5, and punch-pin 1 divides 5 stages
~20 stages are run into matrix cavity 5, and each stage punch-pin 1 time out of service is 5min~20min, when punch-pin 1 is transported
Row during 10mm~50mm, closes double action press and heat riser, makes the He of punch-pin 1 to its lower surface apart from the bottom of matrix cavity 5
Pressure coil 2 is stopped, and adjusts the aeration quantity in air-filled pore 4, it is 1MPa~2MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5；When convex
The temperature of mould 1 and cavity plate 3 naturally cools to room temperature, opens double action press, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 away from matrix cavity 5, so
After be stripped, then forming part is taken out out of matrix cavity 5, that is, completes the positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect
Deep-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging.
The principle and advantage of present embodiment：
First, present embodiment proposes that drawing-compound superplastic forming of anti-inflation shape under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect is newly square
Drawing is combined by method, this method with bulging, by positive drawing and backwards to bulging collective effect, can inherently be changed
Stress-strain state in sheet deformation, and by control the positive deep drawing speed i.e. speed of service of the punch-pin 1 into matrix cavity 5 and
The caused pressure of gas is passed through into matrix cavity 5 backwards to bulging speed, it is possible to achieve the superplastic forming of larger ratio of height to diameter part,
Complicated shape is obtained under the conditions of single process；
2nd, present embodiment has superplastic sheet material, including titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature suitable for all
Alloy and stainless steel, smooth implementation of the invention, the superplastic formings of larger ratio of height to diameter thin-walled parts can be filled up, for pushing plate
The development of material high accuracy superplastic forming is significant；
3rd, more than 2 can be reached using present embodiment technology, the ratio of height to diameter maximum of superplastic forming part.
Present embodiment can obtain positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming of bulging
Method.
Embodiment seven：The difference of present embodiment and embodiment six is：Treated described in step 2
Sheet forming is titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature alloy or stainless steel.Other are identical with embodiment six.
Embodiment eight：Positive drawing under a kind of sheet material of present embodiment inflation back pressure effect-answered backwards to bulging
It is to utilize the positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to bulging compound superplastic forming dress to close superplastic forming method
Completion is put, is specifically realized by the following steps：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin 1 is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, allows punch-pin about 1
It is mobile；Pressure coil 2 is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, moves up and down pressure coil 2；Again will
Cavity plate 3 is fixed on the lower platform of double action press by pressing plate；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate 3, mobile punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2
It is in contact with sheet material to be formed；The temperature of punch-pin 1 and cavity plate 3 is warming up into the super of sheet material to be formed by heat riser to be moulded into
Shape temperature；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is sheet material to be formed
Fusing point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin 1 is 2mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is
2MPa~10MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil 2 is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiFor i moment punch-pin 1
The girth in the inwall cross section of matrix cavity 5 corresponding to the lower surface of punch-pin 1 when being moved along the middle axial matrix cavity 5 of matrix cavity 5, it is single
Position is mm；σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed, while by filling
Stomata 4 is passed through gas into matrix cavity 5, and it is 0.2MPa~5MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5, and punch-pin 1 divides 5 stages
~20 stages are run into matrix cavity 5, and each stage punch-pin 1 time out of service is 5min~20min, and punch-pin 1 is run
While gas is passed through into matrix cavity 5 by air-filled pore 4, also stop being passed through into matrix cavity 5 when punch-pin 1 is out of service
Gas；When punch-pin 1 runs to its lower surface 10mm~50mm apart from the bottom of matrix cavity 5, double action press and heating are closed
Device, punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 is stopped, adjust the aeration quantity in air-filled pore 4, make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5 be
1MPa~2MPa；When the temperature of punch-pin 1 and cavity plate 3 naturally cools to room temperature, double action press is opened, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil
2, away from matrix cavity 5, are then stripped, then from the interior taking-up of matrix cavity 5 forming part is completed into a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure
The compound superplastic forming method of bulging of the lower positive drawing of effect-backwards.
The principle and advantage of present embodiment：
First, present embodiment proposes that drawing-compound superplastic forming of anti-inflation shape under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect is newly square
Drawing is combined by method, this method with bulging, by positive drawing and backwards to bulging collective effect, can inherently be changed
Stress-strain state in sheet deformation, and by control the positive deep drawing speed i.e. speed of service of the punch-pin 1 into matrix cavity 5 and
The caused pressure of gas is passed through into matrix cavity 5 backwards to bulging speed, it is possible to achieve the superplastic forming of larger ratio of height to diameter part,
Complicated shape is obtained under the conditions of single process；
2nd, present embodiment has superplastic sheet material, including titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature suitable for all
Alloy and stainless steel, smooth implementation of the invention, the superplastic formings of larger ratio of height to diameter thin-walled parts can be filled up, for pushing plate
The development of material high accuracy superplastic forming is significant；
3rd, more than 2 can be reached using present embodiment technology, the ratio of height to diameter maximum of superplastic forming part.
Present embodiment can obtain positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming of bulging
Method.
Embodiment nine：The difference of present embodiment and embodiment eight is：Treated described in step 2
Sheet forming is titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature alloy or stainless steel.Other are identical with embodiment eight.
Embodiment ten：The difference of present embodiment and embodiment eight or nine is：Treated in step 4
At a temperature of the temperature of sheet forming is its superplastic forming, start punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2, while by air-filled pore 4 to matrix cavity 5
In be passed through gas, make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5 be 0.8MPa~2MPa, punch-pin 1 divides 5 stage~20 stages to recessed
Run in die cavity 5, each stage punch-pin 1 time out of service is 5min~10min, and punch-pin 1 passes through inflation while operation
Hole 4 is passed through gas into matrix cavity 5, also stops being passed through gas into matrix cavity 5 when punch-pin 1 is out of service；When punch-pin 1 is transported
Row during 10mm~30mm, closes double action press and heat riser, makes the He of punch-pin 1 to its lower surface apart from the bottom of matrix cavity 5
Pressure coil 2 is stopped, and adjusts the aeration quantity in air-filled pore 4, it is 1MPa~1.5MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5；When
The temperature of punch-pin 1 and cavity plate 3 naturally cools to room temperature, opens double action press, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 away from matrix cavity 5,
Then it is stripped, then formation of parts is taken out out of matrix cavity 5, that is, completes the forward direction under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect
Drawing-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging.Other are identical with embodiment eight or nine.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified using following examples：
Embodiment one：Positive drawing under a kind of sheet material of the present embodiment inflation back pressure effect-super be moulded into backwards to bulging is compound
Shape method is to utilize the positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect described in embodiment one-answered backwards to bulging
Close what superplastic forming device was completed, be specifically realized by the following steps：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin 1 is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, allows punch-pin about 1
It is mobile；Pressure coil 2 is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, moves up and down pressure coil 2；Again will
Cavity plate 3 is fixed on the lower platform of double action press by pressing plate；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate 3, mobile punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2
It is in contact with sheet material to be formed；The temperature of punch-pin 1 and cavity plate 3 is warming up into the super of sheet material to be formed by heat riser to be moulded into
Shape temperature；
Sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is titanium alloy；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.6Tm；Tm be sheet material to be formed fusing point, Tm
For 1725 DEG C；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin 1 is 8mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is 3MPa, according still further to
Formula P=nLs σbPressure coil 2 is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, s 3mm, LiFor the edge of i moment punch-pin 1
The girth in the inwall cross section of matrix cavity 5 corresponding to the lower surface of punch-pin 1, unit when being moved in the middle axial matrix cavity 5 of matrix cavity 5
For mm；σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed, while by filling
Stomata 4 is passed through gas into matrix cavity 5, and it is 1MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5, when punch-pin 1 run to its lower surface away from
From matrix cavity 5 bottom 40mm when, close double action press and heat riser, punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 is stopped, adjust
Aeration quantity in air-filled pore 4, it is 2MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5；When the temperature of punch-pin 1 and cavity plate 3 naturally cools to
Room temperature, open double action press, punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 is then stripped away from matrix cavity 5, then by forming part from
Take out in matrix cavity 5, that is, complete positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming side of bulging
Method；
A kind of positive drawing under sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging, including punch-pin 1,
Pressure coil 2, cavity plate 3 and air-filled pore 4；
The described inside of cavity plate 3 is provided with matrix cavity 5 and air-filled pore 4, and the bottom of matrix cavity 5 is connected with air-filled pore 4；
The top of described cavity plate 3 is provided with punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2；Punch-pin 1 is placed in inside pressure coil 2, punch-pin 1 and cavity plate
3 axis overlaps, and punch-pin 1 can be with the matched moulds of matrix cavity 5；
The internal diameter of described pressure coil 2 is equal with the diameter in the inwall cross section on the top of matrix cavity 5；
Sheet material to be formed is placed in the space that punch-pin 1, pressure coil 2 and cavity plate 3 are formed.
The ratio of height to diameter of the forming part obtained in the step 4 of embodiment one is 2.
Embodiment two：Positive drawing under a kind of sheet material of the present embodiment inflation back pressure effect-super be moulded into backwards to bulging is compound
Shape method is to utilize the positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect described in embodiment one-answered backwards to bulging
Close what superplastic forming device was completed, be specifically realized by the following steps：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin 1 is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, allows punch-pin about 1
It is mobile；Pressure coil 2 is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, moves up and down pressure coil 2；Again will
Cavity plate 3 is fixed on the lower platform of double action press by pressing plate；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate 3, mobile punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2, makes punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2
It is in contact with sheet material to be formed；The temperature of punch-pin 1 and cavity plate 3 is warming up into the super of sheet material to be formed by heat riser to be moulded into
Shape temperature；
Sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is magnesium alloy；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.6Tm；Tm be sheet material to be formed fusing point, Tm
For 650 DEG C；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin 1 is 15mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is 3MPa, according still further to
Formula P=nLs σbPressure coil 2 is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, s 3mm, LiFor the edge of i moment punch-pin 1
The girth in the inwall cross section of matrix cavity 5 corresponding to the lower surface of punch-pin 1, unit when being moved in the middle axial matrix cavity 5 of matrix cavity 5
For mm；σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed, while by filling
Stomata 4 is passed through gas into matrix cavity 5, and it is 1MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5, and punch-pin 1 divides 10 stages to matrix cavity
Run in 5, each stage punch-pin 1 time out of service is 10min, when punch-pin 1 runs to its lower surface apart from matrix cavity 5
Bottom 40mm when, close double action press and heat riser, punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 is stopped, adjust in air-filled pore 4
Aeration quantity, it is 2MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity 5；When the temperature of punch-pin 1 and cavity plate 3 naturally cools to room temperature, open
Double action press, punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2 is set then to be stripped away from matrix cavity 5, then by forming part out of matrix cavity 5
Take out, that is, complete positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging；
A kind of positive drawing under sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging, including punch-pin 1,
Pressure coil 2, cavity plate 3 and air-filled pore 4；
The described inside of cavity plate 3 is provided with matrix cavity 5 and air-filled pore 4, and the bottom of matrix cavity 5 is connected with air-filled pore 4；
The top of described cavity plate 3 is provided with punch-pin 1 and pressure coil 2；Punch-pin 1 is placed in inside pressure coil 2, punch-pin 1 and cavity plate
3 axis overlaps, and punch-pin 1 can be with the matched moulds of matrix cavity 5；
The internal diameter of described pressure coil 2 is equal with the diameter in the inwall cross section on the top of matrix cavity 5；
Sheet material to be formed is placed in the space that punch-pin 1, pressure coil 2 and cavity plate 3 are formed.
The ratio of height to diameter of the forming part obtained in the step 4 of embodiment two is 2.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of traditional superplastic formation, and 1 be cavity plate in Fig. 1, and 2 be blank holder, and 3 be air-filled pore, and 4 be to treat
Sheet forming, 5 be forming part；
Fig. 2 is the digital photograph using the forming part of traditional superplastic formation device and method shaping；
As can be seen from Figure 2, traditional superplastic forming technology can be due to part wall not during the larger part of shaping ratio of height to diameter
Break and be thinned and rupture, the larger part of ratio of height to diameter can not be shaped.
Fig. 3 is that a kind of sheet material described in embodiment one inflates positive drawing-answered backwards to bulging under back pressure effect
The structural representation of superplastic forming device is closed, 1 is punch-pin in Fig. 3, and 2 be pressure coil, and 3 be cavity plate, and 4 be air-filled pore, and 5 be cavity plate
Chamber, 6 be sheet material to be formed；
Fig. 4 is that schematic flow sheet is molded in embodiment one, and 1 is punch-pin in Fig. 4, and 2 be pressure coil, and 3 be cavity plate, and 4 be inflation
Hole, 5 be matrix cavity, and 6 be sheet material to be formed；
Fig. 5 is the digital photograph after the forming part that embodiment one is molded is cut；
Fig. 6 is the forming part digital photograph that embodiment one is molded；
Fig. 7 is the digital photograph after the forming part that embodiment two is molded is cut；
It was found from Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the larger part of ratio of height to diameter can be shaped using the apparatus and method of embodiment one.
As can be seen from Figure 7, the larger part of ratio of height to diameter can be shaped using the apparatus and method of embodiment two.
Claims (10)
1. positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging, it is characterised in that one
Positive drawing under kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging include punch-pin (1), pressure coil (2),
Cavity plate (3) and air-filled pore (4)；
Matrix cavity (5) and air-filled pore (4) are provided with inside described cavity plate (3), the bottom of matrix cavity (5) is connected with air-filled pore (4)
It is logical；
The top of described cavity plate (3) is provided with punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2)；Punch-pin (1) is placed in pressure coil (2) inside, punch-pin
(1) axis with cavity plate (3) overlaps, and punch-pin (1) can be with matrix cavity (5) matched moulds；
The internal diameter of described pressure coil (2) is equal with the diameter in the inwall cross section on matrix cavity (5) top；
Sheet material to be formed is placed in the space that punch-pin (1), pressure coil (2) and cavity plate (3) are formed.
2. positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging, it is characterised in that should
Method inflates positive drawing-compound superplastic forming device completion of bulging backwards under back pressure effect using a kind of sheet material, is specifically
Complete according to the following steps：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin (1) is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, makes punch-pin (1) can be upper and lower
It is mobile；Pressure coil (2) is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, pressure coil (2) is moved up and down；Again
Cavity plate (3) is fixed on the lower platform of double action press by pressing plate；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate (3), mobile punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2), makes punch-pin (1) and pressure
Circle (2) is in contact with sheet material to be formed；The temperature of punch-pin (1) and cavity plate (3) is warming up to by sheet material to be formed by heat riser
Superplastic forming temperature；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is the molten of sheet material to be formed
Point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin (1) is 5mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is
0.2MPa~5MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil (2) is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiIt is i moment punch-pin (1) along recessed
The girth in matrix cavity (5) inwall cross section corresponding to punch-pin (1) lower surface when being moved in the middle axial matrix cavity (5) of die cavity (5),
Unit is mm；σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2) at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed, while by filling
Stomata (4) is passed through gas into matrix cavity (5), and it is 0.2MPa~5MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity (5), when punch-pin (1)
When running to its lower surface apart from bottom 10mm~50mm of matrix cavity (5), double action press and heat riser are closed, makes punch-pin
(1) it is stopped with pressure coil (2), the aeration quantity in regulation air-filled pore (4), it is 1MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity (5)
~2MPa；When the temperature of punch-pin (1) and cavity plate (3) naturally cools to room temperature, double action press is opened, makes punch-pin (1) and pressure
(2) are enclosed away from matrix cavity (5), are then stripped, then forming part is completed into a kind of sheet material from the interior taking-up of matrix cavity (5)
Inflate positive drawing under back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging.
3. positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect according to claim 2-super be moulded into backwards to bulging is compound
Shape method, it is characterised in that sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature alloy or not
Become rusty steel.
4. positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging, it is characterised in that should
Method inflates positive drawing-compound superplastic forming device completion of bulging backwards under back pressure effect using a kind of sheet material, is specifically
Complete according to the following steps：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin (1) is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, makes punch-pin (1) can be upper and lower
It is mobile；Pressure coil (2) is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, pressure coil (2) is moved up and down；Again
Cavity plate (3) is fixed on the lower platform of double action press by pressing plate；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate (3), mobile punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2), makes punch-pin (1) and pressure
Circle (2) is in contact with sheet material to be formed；The temperature of punch-pin (1) and cavity plate (3) is warming up to by sheet material to be formed by heat riser
Superplastic forming temperature；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is the molten of sheet material to be formed
Point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin (1) is 5mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is 1MPa
~10MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil (2) is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiIt is i moment punch-pin (1) along recessed
The girth in matrix cavity (5) inwall cross section corresponding to punch-pin (1) lower surface when being moved in the middle axial matrix cavity (5) of die cavity (5),
Unit is mm；σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2), when punch-pin (1) at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed
Into matrix cavity (5) running, by air-filled pore (4), into matrix cavity (5), point 5 stage~20 stages are passed through gas, each
The time that stage is passed through gas into matrix cavity (5) is 1min~5min, the gas pressure in matrix cavity (5) for 0.2MPa~
2MPa；When punch-pin (1) runs to its lower surface apart from bottom 10mm~50mm of matrix cavity (5), double action press is closed, is made
Punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2) are stopped, the aeration quantity in regulation air-filled pore (4), make the gas pressure in matrix cavity (5) be
0.2MPa~2MPa；When the temperature of punch-pin (1) and cavity plate (3) naturally cools to room temperature, double action press is opened, makes punch-pin (1)
With pressure coil (2) away from matrix cavity (5), then it is stripped, then forming part is completed one from the interior taking-up of matrix cavity (5)
Positive drawing under kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging.
5. positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect according to claim 4-super be moulded into backwards to bulging is compound
Shape method, it is characterised in that sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature alloy or not
Become rusty steel.
6. positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging, it is characterised in that should
Method inflates positive drawing-compound superplastic forming device completion of bulging backwards under back pressure effect using a kind of sheet material, is specifically
Complete according to the following steps：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin (1) is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, makes punch-pin (1) can be upper and lower
It is mobile；Pressure coil (2) is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, pressure coil (2) is moved up and down；Again
Cavity plate (3) is fixed on the lower platform of double action press by pressing plate；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate (3), mobile punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2), makes punch-pin (1) and pressure
Circle (2) is in contact with sheet material to be formed；The temperature of punch-pin (1) and cavity plate (3) is warming up to by sheet material to be formed by heat riser
Superplastic forming temperature；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is the molten of sheet material to be formed
Point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin (1) is 2mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is 1MPa
~10MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil (2) is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiIt is i moment punch-pin (1) along recessed
The girth in matrix cavity (5) inwall cross section corresponding to punch-pin (1) lower surface when being moved in the middle axial matrix cavity (5) of die cavity (5),
Unit is mm；σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2) at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed, while by filling
Stomata (4) is passed through gas into matrix cavity (5), and it is 0.2MPa~5MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity (5), and punch-pin (1) divides 5
Individual stage~20 stage is run into matrix cavity (5), and each stage punch-pin (1) time out of service is 5min~20min,
When punch-pin (1) runs to its lower surface apart from bottom 10mm~50mm of matrix cavity (5), close double action press and heating fills
Put, punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2) is stopped, the aeration quantity in regulation air-filled pore (4), make the gas pressure in matrix cavity (5)
Power is 1MPa~2MPa；When the temperature of punch-pin (1) and cavity plate (3) naturally cools to room temperature, double action press is opened, makes punch-pin
(1) and pressure coil (2) is away from matrix cavity (5), is then stripped, then forming part is completed from the interior taking-up of matrix cavity (5)
A kind of positive drawing under sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging.
7. positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect according to claim 6-super be moulded into backwards to bulging is compound
Shape method, it is characterised in that sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature alloy or not
Become rusty steel.
8. positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging, it is characterised in that should
Method inflates positive drawing-compound superplastic forming device completion of bulging backwards under back pressure effect using a kind of sheet material, is specifically
Complete according to the following steps：
First, mould assembles：Punch-pin (1) is connected on the inner slide of double action press by pressing plate, makes punch-pin (1) can be upper and lower
It is mobile；Pressure coil (2) is connected on the outer slide of double action press by pressing plate, pressure coil (2) is moved up and down；Again
Cavity plate (3) is fixed on the lower platform of double action press by pressing plate；
2nd, heat up：Sheet material to be formed is placed on cavity plate (3), mobile punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2), makes punch-pin (1) and pressure
Circle (2) is in contact with sheet material to be formed；The temperature of punch-pin (1) and cavity plate (3) is warming up to by sheet material to be formed by heat riser
Superplastic forming temperature；
The superplastic forming temperature of sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is 0.5Tm~0.8Tm；Tm is the molten of sheet material to be formed
Point；
3rd, the downstream rate for setting punch-pin (1) is 2mm/min~20mm/min, and the pressure applied to sheet material to be formed is 2MPa
~10MPa, according still further to formula P=nLs σbPressure coil (2) is set to apply pressure to sheet material to be formed after calculating；
P=nL described in step 3isσbMiddle s be sheet material to be formed thickness, unit mm, LiIt is i moment punch-pin (1) along recessed
The girth in matrix cavity (5) inwall cross section corresponding to punch-pin (1) lower surface when being moved in the middle axial matrix cavity (5) of die cavity (5),
Unit is mm；σbFor the tensile strength of sheet material to be formed；N is coefficient, takes 0.9~1.1；
4th, it is startup punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2) at a temperature of its superplastic forming in the temperature of sheet material to be formed, while by filling
Stomata (4) is passed through gas into matrix cavity (5), and it is 0.2MPa~5MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity (5), and punch-pin (1) divides 5
Individual stage~20 stage is run into matrix cavity (5), and each stage punch-pin (1) time out of service is 5min~20min,
Gas is passed through into matrix cavity (5) by air-filled pore (4) while punch-pin (1) is run, also stopped when punch-pin (1) is out of service
Gas is passed through into matrix cavity (5)；When punch-pin (1) runs to its lower surface apart from bottom 10mm~50mm of matrix cavity (5),
Double action press and heat riser are closed, punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2) is stopped, the inflation in regulation air-filled pore (4)
Amount, it is 1MPa~2MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity (5)；When the temperature of punch-pin (1) and cavity plate (3) naturally cools to room
Temperature, double action press is opened, make the remote matrix cavity (5) of punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2), be then stripped, then by forming part
Take out out of matrix cavity (5), that is, complete positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect-backwards to the compound superplastic forming of bulging
Method.
9. positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect according to claim 8-super be moulded into backwards to bulging is compound
Shape method, it is characterised in that sheet material to be formed described in step 2 is titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, high temperature alloy or not
Become rusty steel.
10. positive drawing under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect according to claim 8-super be moulded into backwards to bulging is compound
Shape method, it is characterised in that the temperature in step 4 in sheet material to be formed is startup punch-pin (1) and pressure at a temperature of its superplastic forming
Power circle (2), while be passed through gas into matrix cavity (5) by air-filled pore (4), makes the gas pressure in matrix cavity (5) be
0.8MPa~2MPa, 5 stage~20 stages of punch-pin (1) point are run into matrix cavity (5), and each stage punch-pin (1) stops
The time of operation is 5min~10min, and gas is passed through into matrix cavity (5) by air-filled pore (4) while punch-pin (1) is run,
Also stop being passed through gas into matrix cavity (5) when punch-pin (1) is out of service；When punch-pin (1) runs to its lower surface apart from recessed
During bottom 10mm~30mm of die cavity (5), double action press and heat riser are closed, punch-pin (1) and pressure coil (2) is stopped work
Make, the aeration quantity in regulation air-filled pore (4), it is 1MPa~1.5MPa to make the gas pressure in matrix cavity (5)；When punch-pin (1) and
The temperature of cavity plate (3) naturally cools to room temperature, opens double action press, makes punch-pin (1) and the remote matrix cavity (5) of pressure coil (2),
Then it is stripped, then formation of parts is taken out out of matrix cavity (5), that is, completes the forward direction under a kind of sheet material inflation back pressure effect
Drawing-backwards to the compound superplastic forming method of bulging.
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| CN201711210357.2A CN107716689B (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | Positive drawing-under a kind of plate inflation back pressure effect is backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging and its method |
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| CN201711210357.2A CN107716689B (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | Positive drawing-under a kind of plate inflation back pressure effect is backwards to the compound superplastic forming device of bulging and its method |
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| CN109834152A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-04 | 中南大学 | A kind of anti-inflation drawing forming method of plate electromagnetic force and forming device |
| CN110586731A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-20 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Rapid superplastic forming method for complex aluminum alloy parts for railway vehicles |
| CN114311929A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-04-12 | 武汉理工大学 | Device and method for forming and enhancing interface of laminated complex deep cavity component |
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| JP2009172660A (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2009-08-06 | Jfe Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for press-forming metal plate |
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| DE10164662A1 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-07-17 | Klaus Siegert | Hydro-mechanical deep-draw press has variable-width filling inlet between drawing ring and base frame |
| CN2774673Y (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-04-26 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Thermal hydraulic forming mould unit for magnesium alloy plate |
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| CN109834152A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-04 | 中南大学 | A kind of anti-inflation drawing forming method of plate electromagnetic force and forming device |
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| CN110586731A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-20 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Rapid superplastic forming method for complex aluminum alloy parts for railway vehicles |
| CN114311929A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-04-12 | 武汉理工大学 | Device and method for forming and enhancing interface of laminated complex deep cavity component |
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|---|---|
| CN107716689B (en) | 2019-07-16 |
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