CN107706298A - Shear stress sensor and preparation method based on 13 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials - Google Patents
Shear stress sensor and preparation method based on 13 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN107706298A CN107706298A CN201710861482.3A CN201710861482A CN107706298A CN 107706298 A CN107706298 A CN 107706298A CN 201710861482 A CN201710861482 A CN 201710861482A CN 107706298 A CN107706298 A CN 107706298A
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 wherein Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 67
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDHOWLYGLQODNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cl(=O)(=O)O.[F] Chemical compound Cl(=O)(=O)O.[F] CDHOWLYGLQODNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical group [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011411 calcium sulfoaluminate cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOVYDOCVEQSJNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Pb].[Li].[Nb] Chemical compound [Pb].[Li].[Nb] UOVYDOCVEQSJNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOLMBQLGENFKLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Pb].[Mg].[Nb] Chemical compound [Pb].[Mg].[Nb] FOLMBQLGENFKLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000011128 aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)titanium;lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006333 epoxy cement Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/852—Composite materials, e.g. having 1-3 or 2-2 type connectivity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/02—Forming enclosures or casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/09—Forming piezoelectric or electrostrictive materials
- H10N30/092—Forming composite materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/88—Mounts; Supports; Enclosures; Casings
- H10N30/883—Additional insulation means preventing electrical, physical or chemical damage, e.g. protective coatings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of shear stress sensor and preparation method based on 13 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials, the shear stress sensor includes encapsulated layer, the screen layer coated successively outside 13 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements, and 13 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements；The positive pole and negative pole of 13 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements are led to outside screen layer by wire and are connected with shielding line, shielding line connection screen layer.The element includes cement base piezoelectric composite material main body and electrode, wherein, the piezoelectric ceramics post array that cement base piezoelectric composite material main body is made up of piezoelectric ceramics post is formed with the cement matrix for being filled in piezoelectric ceramics intercolumniation；Piezoelectric ceramics post array is obtained by being cut to the piezoelectric ceramics block after polarization, and cut direction is vertical with piezoelectric ceramics block polarised direction.Inventive sensor high sensitivity, frequency response are wide, anti-jamming effectiveness is good, and good with concrete structure compatibility, available for concrete structure health monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cement base piezoelectric composite material technical field, more particularly to one kind to be based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectrics
The shear stress sensor and preparation method of composite.
Background technology
Cement base piezoelectric composite material is a kind of new function material to grow up in recent years, have piezoelectric property it is good,
Mechanical-electric coupling performance is prominent, with concrete material mechanics, acoustical behavior matching is good the features such as, in the health of civil engineering structure
There is potential application prospect in monitoring.
It is incompatible with concrete structure that the cement base piezoelectric composite material sensor developed at present overcomes traditional sensors
The problem of, high sensitivity and good endurance, the monitoring for situations such as being strained available for concrete structure internal stress.But it there is no at present
The effective means of shear stress (i.e. shearing wave) inside direct measurement concrete structure.The shearing strength of concrete material is low, by
Failure by shear easily occurs under power state, and the failure by shear of concrete is a typical brittle break.So under working condition
The measurement of shear stress is most important for concrete structure inside concrete structure.Exploitation can be directly embedded into inside concrete,
The sensor of inside concrete shear stress measurement is directly used in, particularly in the strong power load action such as earthquake, blast and impact
Under the measurement of dynamic shear stress have great importance.
The content of the invention
The main object of the present invention be to provide it is a kind of suitable for inside concrete structure shear stress measurement based on 1-3 type water
The shear stress sensor and preparation method of mud base piezoelectric composite material.
A kind of 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element provided by the invention, including cement base piezoelectric composite material master
Body and electrode, the piezoelectric ceramics post array and be filled in pressure that the cement base piezoelectric composite material main body is made up of piezoelectric ceramics post
The cement matrix of electroceramics intercolumniation is formed；The piezoelectric ceramics post array is by being obtained to the piezoelectric ceramics block cutting after polarization
, cut direction is vertical with the polarised direction of piezoelectric ceramics block.
Further, in the cement base piezoelectric composite material main body, volume ratio shared by piezoelectric ceramics post be 20%~
80%.
Preferably, the cement matrix is mixed to get by flyash, cement and water, wherein, the matter of flyash and cement
It is (0.05~0.5) to measure ratio：1, the ratio of mud is (0.2~0.7)：1.
A kind of shear stress sensor based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials provided by the invention, including above-mentioned 1-3
Encapsulated layer, the screen coated successively outside type cement base piezoelectric composite material element, and 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials element
Cover layer；The positive pole and negative pole of the 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element by wire lead to outside screen layer with screen
Cover line to be connected, the shielding line is also connected with screen layer.
Preferably, the formula of the encapsulated layer includes epoxy resin, flyash, cement, curing agent and water, wherein, ring
Oxygen tree fat, flyash and cement are main encapsulating material；The mass ratio of epoxy resin, flyash and cement is (0.5~1)：
(0.05~0.5)：1；The mass ratio of epoxy resin and curing agent is (1~4)：1；The mass ratio of water and predominant package material is
(0.2~0.7)：1.
Preferably, the formula of the screen layer includes graphite powder, cement and water, wherein, graphite powder and cement are main
The mass ratio of shielding material, graphite powder and cement is (0.05~0.3)：1, the mass ratio of water and main shielding material for (0.2~
0.7)：1.
A kind of preparation method of 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element provided by the invention, including：
(101) polarizing electrode of the piezoelectric ceramics block after polarization is removed；
(102) piezoelectric ceramics block is cut into the polarised direction of piezoelectric ceramics post array, cut direction and piezoelectric ceramics block
Vertically；
(103) piezoelectric ceramics post array is inserted into mould, cement matrix is cast in mould, and conserved, obtain base substrate；
(104) base substrate is taken out, rubbing down is carried out to base substrate, until the upper and lower surface of base substrate sample is completely exposed piezoelectric ceramics
Post；
(105) upper and lower surface that piezoelectric ceramics post is completely exposed in base substrate makes electrode.
Preferably, the step of also including being cleaned by ultrasonic piezoelectric ceramics post array before step (3).
Preferably, described be cast in cement matrix in mould, it is specially：
First, after the cement matrix of preparation is stirred, it is put into vacuum equipment and is vacuumized；
Then, poured into a mould using vacuumizing vibrating casting method, i.e. carry out vacuumizing while cast and swing die.
A kind of preparation method of shear stress sensor based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials provided by the invention,
Including：
(201) it is the both positive and negative polarity of 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element any one of claims 1 to 3 is equal
Drawn by wire；
(202) 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements are packaged using encapsulating material, and solidified；
(203) screen layer is prepared using the 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials element of shielding material after packaging outside；
(204) wire being connected with the 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element both positive and negative polarity is connected into shielding line,
In addition, shielding line also connects screen layer by another wire.
A kind of application of shear stress sensor based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials provided by the invention, will cut
Strain gauge is pasted on concrete structural surface or is placed in inside concrete structure, so as to carry out healthy prison to concrete structure
Survey.
Compared to the prior art, the invention has the advantages that and beneficial effect：
(1) present invention prepares shear stress sensor using the 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements of designed, designed, institute
Prepare that shear stress sensor high sensitivity, frequency response are wide, anti-jamming effectiveness is good, and it is good with concrete structure compatibility.It can incite somebody to action
Inside shear stress sensor embedded concrete structure of the present invention or concrete structural surface is pasted on, measures cutting for concrete structure
Stress, it is significant to application of the cement base piezoelectric composite material in concrete structure health monitoring.
(2) the 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements that shear stress sensor of the present invention uses, cement matrix is carried out
Improvement, makes cement base piezoelectric composite material structure finer and close, so as to improve the stability of cement base piezoelectric composite material.
(3) shear stress sensor of the present invention prepares encapsulated layer using the mixture of epoxy resin, cement and flyash, can carry
The sensitivity of high shear stress sensor and bandwidth, and it is high to encapsulate adhesion strength；Meanwhile also with good heat resistance, alkaline-resisting
Property and insulating properties, to 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements play a part of protect and encapsulate.
(4) shear stress sensor of the present invention prepares screen layer using the mixture of cement and graphite powder, and the screen layer makes to cut
Strain gauge has good coupling effect with concrete structure, and has good noise isolation effect, can improve to cut and answer
The signal to noise ratio of force snesor.
(5) shear stress sensor of the present invention can preferably reduce noise effect using copper conductor and shielding copper core cable.
(6) preparation technology of 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element and shear stress sensor of the present invention simply easily grasps
Make, be adapted to large-scale production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the specific preparation technology schematic diagram of 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements；
Fig. 2 is the specific structural representation of shear stress sensor based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of shear stress sensor in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the specific preparation technology schematic diagram of shear stress sensor based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials.
In figure：1- piezoelectric ceramics blocks, 2- polarizing electrodes, 3- bases, 4- piezoelectric ceramics posts, 5- cement matrixs, 6- base substrates, 7-
New electrode, 8- wires, 9- cement base piezoelectric composite material elements, 10- encapsulated layers, 11- screen layers, 12- shielding lines, a represent to go
Fall polarizing electrode step, b represents cutting piezoelectric ceramics post step, and c represents cement matrix cast step, d represent cutting base and
Rubbing down step, e represent to make electrode step, f expression connecting wire steps.
Embodiment
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly and/or technical scheme of the prior art, accompanying drawing will be compareed below
Illustrate the embodiment of the present invention.It should be evident that drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing, and obtain other embodiments.
See Fig. 1, in present embodiment, 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material member is prepared using cutting-casting
Part, main raw material(s) include piezoelectric ceramics block and cement matrix, and concrete technology is as follows：
(101) remove the polarizing electrode 2 of the piezoelectric ceramics block 1 after polarization, piezoelectric ceramics block 1 is placed on base 3.It is described
Piezoelectric ceramics block can be lead titanate piezoelectric ceramics, magnesium niobium lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics, niobium lithium lead titanate piezoelectric ceramics etc..
(102) cutting machine is utilized, piezoelectric ceramics block 1 is cut into some evenly distributed piezoelectric ceramics posts 4, obtains piezoelectricity
Ceramic column array；Cut direction is vertical with the polarised direction of piezoelectric ceramics block 1.
In the present embodiment, the size of piezoelectric ceramics block 1 is 8mm × 8mm × 8mm, and the size of piezoelectric ceramics post 4 cut is
2mm×2mm×7mm。
(103) piezoelectric ceramics post array is connected into base 3 to insert in mould, cement matrix 5 is cast in mould, poured
Cheng Hou, it is put into curing box maintenance.
Preferably, before this step is implemented, piezoelectric ceramics post array can be surpassed using supersonic wave cleaning machine
Sound cleans, and removes the ceramic residues of residual, to avoid influenceing the performance of cement base piezoelectric composite material element.And then it will dry in the air
Piezoelectric ceramics post array after dry is inserted in mould.
To eliminate the bubble in cement matrix, the compactness of cement matrix is improved, the cement matrix of preparation is carried out abundant
After stirring, it is put into vacuum equipment and carries out vacuumize process；Meanwhile poured into a mould using vibrating casting method is vacuumized, i.e. cast
While vacuumize and swing die.
To reduce the hole in cement matrix, strengthen the compactness of cement matrix, it is compound further to improve cement base piezoelectric
The overall performance of material, present invention also offers a kind of cement matrix mixed by cement, flyash and water, wherein, powder
The mass ratio of coal ash and cement is (0.05~0.5)：1, the ratio of mud is (0.2~0.7)：1, the ratio of mud refers to mWater：(mFlyash+
mCement), wherein, mWater、mFlyash、mCementWater, flyash, the quality of cement are represented respectively.Wherein, cement can use aluminium sulfate water
Mud, barium-bearing calcium sulfo-aluminate cement, portland cement, chloric acid salt cement, fluorine chloric acid salt cement etc.；Flyash can use I grade of flyash,
II grade of flyash, III grade of flyash etc..Poured into a mould using the cement matrix, can be obviously improved and improve cement base piezoelectric composite material
Compactness, so as to obtain more preferable stability.
(104) after the completion of conserving, base substrate 6 is taken out, cuts away base 3, and rubbing down is carried out to base substrate 6, until base substrate 6 is upper
Lower surface is completely exposed piezoelectric ceramics post 4.In the present embodiment, the size of piezoelectric ceramics post 4 that finally obtains for 2mm × 2mm ×
6mm。
(105) upper and lower surface that piezoelectric ceramics post 4 is completely exposed in base substrate 6 makes new electrode 7, obtains 1-3 type cement bases
Piezo-electricity composite material element, in prepared 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements, volume ratio shared by piezoelectric ceramics post 4
For 20%~80%, remaining as cement matrix.In the present embodiment, new electrode 7 uses low-temperature conductive silver medal.
Fig. 2~3 are the shear stress sensor prepared using 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element of the present invention, including
Cement base piezoelectric composite material element 9, encapsulated layer 10 and screen layer 11, outside the cement base piezoelectric composite material element 9 successively
Encapsulated layer 10, screen layer 11 are coated with, the positive pole and negative pole of the cement base piezoelectric composite material element 9 are drawn by wire 8
Go out outer to screen layer 11 and be all connected with shielding line 12, shielding line 12 also connects screen layer 11 by wire.
In present embodiment, the encapsulated layer is used for protecting and encapsulating the cement base piezoelectric composite material element,
Its formula includes epoxy resin, flyash, cement, curing agent and water, wherein, epoxy resin, flyash and cement are main envelope
Package material, the mass ratio of epoxy resin, flyash and cement is (0.5~1)：(0.05~0.5)：1, epoxy resin and curing agent
Mass ratio be (1~4)：1, the mass ratio of water and predominant package material is (0.2~0.7)：1.Preferably, epoxy resin is
AB- grouting resin, E-55 epoxy resin or W95 epoxy resin；Cement is sulphate aluminium cement, barium-bearing calcium sulfo-aluminate cement, silicic acid
Salt cement, chloric acid salt cement or fluorine chloric acid salt cement；Flyash is I grade of flyash, II grade of flyash or III grade of flyash.This hair
Bright encapsulated layer can improve sensitivity and the bandwidth of shear stress sensor, and first with the 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material
Part adhesion strength is high, has good heat resistance, alkali resistance and insulating properties etc..
In present embodiment, the screen layer, its formula includes graphite powder, cement and water, wherein, graphite powder and water
Mud is main shielding material, and the mass ratio of graphite powder and cement is (0.05~0.3)：1, the mass ratio of water and main shielding material
For (0.2~0.7)：1.Preferably, the cement is sulphate aluminium cement, barium-bearing calcium sulfo-aluminate cement, portland cement, chloric acid
Salt cement or fluorine chloric acid salt cement；The graphite powder is superfine graphite powder, Nano graphite powder, aquadag powder, high-carbon graphite powder
Or crystalline graphite powder.Screen layer of the present invention can make shear stress sensor and concrete structure have preferable coupling effect, and can
Make shear stress sensor preferably shielding noise, improve the signal to noise ratio of shear stress sensor.
In present embodiment, the wire uses copper conductor, and the shielding line is using shielding copper core.
See Fig. 4, in present embodiment, the tool of the shear stress sensor based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials
Preparation process is as follows：
(201) by above-mentioned steps (101)~(105) prepare 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements positive pole and
Negative pole is drawn by wire.
(202) 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements are packaged using encapsulating material, and solidified.
The encapsulating material is mixed by epoxy resin, flyash, cement, curing agent and water, wherein, epoxy resin,
Flyash and cement are main encapsulating material；The mass ratio of epoxy resin, flyash and cement is (0.5~1)：(0.05~
0.5)：1, the mass ratio of epoxy resin and curing agent is (1~4)：1；The mass ratio of water and predominant package material for (0.2~
0.7)：1.
The encapsulation, a kind of its embodiment are：
The encapsulating material that mold bottom cast stirs, 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements are put into mould and put
In bottom package material, 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements are poured into a mould afterwards；Sample after casting complete is put
Enter vacuum equipment and carry out vacuumize process, to eliminate the gas in encapsulating material；Finally, sample is put into standard curing box and supported
Shield.
(203) screen layer is prepared using the 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials element of shielding material after packaging outside, from
And obtain shear stress sensor.
The shielding material is mixed by graphite powder, cement and water, wherein, graphite powder and cement are main shielding material
The mass ratio of material, graphite powder and cement is (0.05~0.3)：1, the mass ratio of water and main shielding material is (0.2~0.7)：
1.Preferably, the graphite powder is superfine graphite powder, Nano graphite powder, aquadag powder, high-carbon graphite powder or crystalline flake graphite
Powder.
Prepared by the screen layer, a kind of its embodiment is：
The sample that maintenance is completed is put into mould, is poured into a mould using shielding material；Sample after casting complete is placed again into vacuum
Equipment carries out vacuumize process, to eliminate the gas in shielding material；Finally, sample is put into standard curing box and conserved.
(205) wire for being connected the both positive and negative polarity with the 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element connects shielding line,
In addition, shielding line also connects screen layer by another wire.
The shear stress sensor based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials prepared by the present invention, it is mixed available for measurement
Xtah Crude Clay structure surface or the shear stress of inside, it is specially：Shear stress sensor is pasted on concrete structural surface or is placed in mixed
Inside Xtah Crude Clay structure, so as to carry out health monitoring to concrete structure.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element, including cement base piezoelectric composite material main body and electrode, its feature
It is：
The piezoelectric ceramics post array and be filled in piezoelectricity pottery that the cement base piezoelectric composite material main body is made up of piezoelectric ceramics post
Cement matrix between porcelain knob is formed；The piezoelectric ceramics post array is obtained by being cut to the piezoelectric ceramics block after polarization, is cut
It is vertical with the polarised direction of piezoelectric ceramics block to cut direction.
2. 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：
In the cement base piezoelectric composite material main body, volume ratio shared by piezoelectric ceramics post is 20%~80%.
3. 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：
The cement matrix is mixed to get by flyash, cement and water, wherein, the mass ratio of flyash and cement for (0.05~
0.5)：1, the ratio of mud is (0.2~0.7)：1.
4. a kind of shear stress sensor based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials, it is characterized in that, including：
1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element any one of claims 1 to 3, and the 1-3 types cement base pressure
Encapsulated layer, the screen layer coated successively outside composite element；The positive pole of the 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element
Led to outside screen layer by wire with negative pole and be connected with shielding line, the shielding line is also connected with screen layer.
5. the shear stress sensor as claimed in claim 4 based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials, it is characterized in that：
The formula of the encapsulated layer includes epoxy resin, flyash, cement, curing agent and water, wherein, epoxy resin, flyash
It is main encapsulating material with cement；The mass ratio of epoxy resin, flyash and cement is (0.5~1)：(0.05~0.5)：1；Ring
The mass ratio of oxygen tree fat and curing agent is (1~4)：1；The mass ratio of water and predominant package material is (0.2~0.7)：1.
6. the shear stress sensor as claimed in claim 4 based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials, it is characterized in that：
The formula of the screen layer includes graphite powder, cement and water, wherein, graphite powder and cement are main shielding material, graphite
The mass ratio of powder and cement is (0.05~0.3)：1, the mass ratio of water and main shielding material is (0.2~0.7)：1.
7. the preparation method of 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element, its feature as any one of claims 1 to 3
It is, including：
(101) polarizing electrode of the piezoelectric ceramics block after polarization is removed；
(102) piezoelectric ceramics block is cut into piezoelectric ceramics post array, cut direction is vertical with the polarised direction of piezoelectric ceramics block；
(103) piezoelectric ceramics post array is inserted into mould, cement matrix is cast in mould, and conserved, obtain base substrate；
(104) base substrate is taken out, rubbing down is carried out to base substrate, until the upper and lower surface of base substrate sample is completely exposed piezoelectric ceramics post；
(105) upper and lower surface that piezoelectric ceramics post is completely exposed in base substrate makes electrode.
8. the preparation method of 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that：
It is described that cement matrix is cast in mould, be specially：
First, after the cement matrix of preparation is stirred, it is put into vacuum equipment and is vacuumized；
Then, poured into a mould using vacuumizing vibrating casting method, i.e. carry out vacuumizing while cast and swing die.
9. the system of the shear stress sensor based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials as any one of claim 4~6
Preparation Method, it is characterized in that, including：
(201) both positive and negative polarity of 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element any one of claims 1 to 3 is passed through
Wire is drawn；
(202) 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite material elements are packaged using encapsulating material, and solidified；
(203) screen layer is prepared using the 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials element of shielding material after packaging outside；
(204) wire being connected with the 1-3 types cement base piezoelectric composite material element both positive and negative polarity is connected into shielding line, in addition, screen
Cover line and screen layer is also connected by another wire.
10. the shear stress sensor based on 1-3 type cement base piezoelectric composite materials as any one of claim 4~6
Using, it is characterized in that：
Shear stress sensor is pasted on concrete structural surface or is placed in inside concrete structure, so as to enter to concrete structure
Row health monitoring.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108426825A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-08-21 | 济南大学 | Production method and test method for concrete ERT imaging piezoelectric ceramic sensors |
| CN109357795A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-02-19 | 吉林建筑大学 | A kind of cement base piezoelectric composite material sensor |
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| CN111562289A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-08-21 | 中建四局第三建设有限公司 | In-situ testing method for sludge solidification |
| CN111721630A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-29 | 中建四局第三建设有限公司 | Piezoelectric solidified soil for in-situ detection of sludge solidification and preparation method thereof |
| CN111562289B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | 中建四局第三建设有限公司 | In-situ testing method for sludge solidification |
| CN111721630B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | 中建四局第三建设有限公司 | Piezoelectric solidified soil for in-situ detection of sludge solidification and preparation method thereof |
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