CN107702346A - A kind of electric water heater duty control method - Google Patents
A kind of electric water heater duty control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107702346A CN107702346A CN201710970789.7A CN201710970789A CN107702346A CN 107702346 A CN107702346 A CN 107702346A CN 201710970789 A CN201710970789 A CN 201710970789A CN 107702346 A CN107702346 A CN 107702346A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
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- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of electric water heater duty control method, the direct load control method by adjusting the controllable burden method of operation are a kind of effective power system peak load shifting means.Electric heater is the important component of controllable burden, and it has outstanding heat storage capacity and is widely used.Power, water tank volume and the user of electric heater make it that electric heater running status is different with water is different, i.e. the heat time is different from the not heat time.Therefore, the present invention is during the spatial load forecasting using off control, by electric heater according to continuous heating time-sequencing, and selects suitable electric heater to turn off, on the premise of users'comfort is not influenceed, reaches the purpose of peak load shifting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric heater duty control method, is when having been heated by electric heater more specifically
Between be multiplied with corresponding weights and arranged according to descending, according to obtained descending sequence selection electric heater shut-off to reach load
Control.
Background technology
Direct load is controlled by adjusting controllable burden, and on the premise of user's use is not influenceed, modification load curve is real
Existing power system peak load shifting.Electric heater is a kind of important controllable negative as the electrical equipment being widely used and heat storage capacity is big
Lotus.By controlling electric heater to change the load curve of electric heater group so that power system peak value reduces.Existing electric heating
Hydrophone duty control method is mostly based on electric heater temperature information, because electric heater temperature information is difficult to obtain in practice
, so the control effect of existing duty control method is limited.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defects of overcoming prior art to exist, there is provided a kind of reliable operation it is new
Type electric heater duty control method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of electric water heater duty control method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Electric heater is classified, classified according to electric heater volume, power, user's number and user custom, will be identical
The electric heater of volume, temperature bound and power is accustomed to according to user's number and user again as same major class, each major class
It is finely divided, identical user number and user are accustomed to being used as same group, obtain group and form electric heater packet.
It is accustomed to user being divided into two kinds according to user：Outgoing active user and non-outgoing active user.
（2）Generate every group of electric heater weight table.The volume of each electric heater in each electric heater group is identical, warm
Degree bound is identical, power is also identical；For each electric heater in each electric heater group, in the case of useless water, from temperature
Degree lower limit is identical the time required to being heated to temperature upper limit；It is more with water, heating the time required to it is longer, and user with regimen shape at any time
Between section change and change, therefore within each period, be used as according to the maximum inverse with the required heat time in the case of water electric
The weights of water heater, build weight table of the every group of electric heater in each period.
（3）Each electric heater working condition is identified by instantaneous power raising and lowering, calculates the continuous heating time.
The working condition of each electric heater is identified by intelligent electric meter power swing, if the instantaneous rising value of power is equal to electric heater
Power-handling capability, then it is assumed that electric heater initially enters heated condition, the heat time start timing.If the instantaneous drop-out value of power
Equal to electric heater power-handling capability, then it is assumed that electric heater turns off, and stops heating, the continuous heating time is zero.If power
Transient change value is other, i.e., more than or less than electric heater rated power, then it is assumed that electric heater keeps last moment work
Make state：Last moment working condition if heated condition, the continuous heating time increase a sampling interval；Last moment
Working condition is if non-heated state, and the continuous heating time is zero.
（4）Each electric heater being under heated condition is ranked up, according to electric heater continuous heating time
And corresponding weights are ranked up, by each electric heater, the heat time is multiplied by corresponding weights（Wait to multiply heat time
Electric heater group where electric heater, in the weights of corresponding period）, ranking value is obtained, then by obtained ranking value according to descending
Arrangement；It is right within the routine work time in the case of there is identical ranking value positioned at the electric heater of different electric heater groups
It should go out before the electric heater more than active user comes, otherwise behind coming.For the electricity in same electric heater group
It is randomly ordered in the case of water heater has identical ranking value.Order according to the ranking value of descending arrangement had both been optional off-
The priority orders that the electric heater of control controls is turned off.
（5）The power of electric water heater for being now in heated condition is added to obtain total power value and according to power system peak clipping
The reference power that Fill valley demand proposes is compared, if total power value is less than or equal to reference power, it is not necessary to turn off any electricity
Water heater, and it is transferred to step（7）；If total power value is more than reference power, send the preceding n electric heater of highest priority
The signal of shut-off, n is by two power differences（The difference of i.e. described total power value and reference power）Determine, the electric heater of shut-off
Power summation be equal to or closest to power difference（Compared with n-1 and n+1, power summation and power difference are closest）
（It is preferred that the power summation of the electric heater turned off is equal to power difference；When in the absence of equal to situation, the electric heater of shut-off is selected
Power summation closest to power difference）, and continue step（6）；
（6）By step（5）Obtained cut-off signals are sent to corresponding electric heater by middle control center or zone controller, receive
Electric heater to cut-off signals performs shut-off operation, performs direct load control, turns off step（5）In obtain all need to close
Disconnected electric heater；
（7）Repeat step（3）-（5）, it is lasting to select to turn off electric heater and perform direct load control, reach power system
Spatial load forecasting demand.Until human intervention stops.
Further, the step（1）In, when classifying to electric heater：In the case of no hot water use, each electric heating
It is most short that hydrophone by lowest temperature is heated to the temperature upper limit time, and the heat time is worth by electric heater volume, power, temperature bound
Difference determines, it is identical to give tacit consent to the temperature bound difference of all electric heaters setting herein, therefore only by volume and power decision；
It can be seen from heat energy formula, power of electric water heater is bigger, and the heat time is shorter, and the volume smaller heat time is shorter.In the presence of using hot water
During behavior, more with hot water for identical volume and the electric heater of power, the heat time is longer.With hot water situation with using
Family behavioural habits and user's number are relevant, therefore in the temperature bound difference identical situation of all electric heaters setting
Under, each electric heater is subjected to just subseries according to volume and power, is accustomed to according still further to user's number and user, carries out secondary point
Class.
Further, the step（2）In, when generating every group of electric heater weight table, it is grouped based on existing electric heater,
It is accustomed to estimating maximum hot water usage amount in each period according to user；Maximum higher with hot water amount, the required heat time is longer,
Weights are smaller；Electric heater volume is bigger, and the required heat time is longer, and weights are smaller；Power is bigger, and the required heat time gets over
Small, weights are bigger.
Further, the step（5）In, according to the reference power of power system peak load shifting demand proposition, this refers to work(
Rate is provided by Operation of Electric Systems demand, to meet that power system generated energy and workload demand are consistent.In electric load height
During peak, electric heater can be turned off by shut-off and cut down workload demand, so as to meet that generated energy is balanced with workload demand, this refers to work(
Rate is both workload demand and generated energy difference；In the case of generation of electricity by new energy fluctuation, also electric heater can be turned off by shut-off
Cut down workload demand, the reference power is both the difference of generated energy and workload demand.
Further, the step（6）In, cut-off signals are pulse signal, the width of pulse（Such as 1min）Can be by middle control
The heart or zone controller are set.The state change of pulse signal corresponds to the open and close of breaker, and each electric heater leads to respectively
Different breakers is crossed with middle control center or zone controller to be connected.The electric heater for receiving cut-off signals performs shut-off operation
When, breaker is in open mode, and the electric heater turn-off time is determined by the width of pulse；When pulse signal state change,
Breaker is changed into closure state, it is allowed to which electric heater enters heated condition, when electric heater temperature reaches under design temperature scope
In limited time, enter heated condition under the effect of itself radiator valve, otherwise, be held off until temperature reaches lower limit.
Direct load control is run by regulating and controlling controllable burden, changes its load curve, before not influenceing user and using
Put, reduce power system peak-load requirement, be a kind of effectively reliable power system control measures.Electric heater is due to it
The advantages of popularization and big heat storage capacity of application, it is the important component of controllable burden.Existing control technology and means
Electric heater temperature is mostly based on, but in practice, the temperature information of electric heater is difficult to obtain.Therefore, it is proposed by the present invention
New type of control method, electric heater state is based only upon, realizes direct load control, reliable operation.
The electric water heater duty control method of the present invention, will during the spatial load forecasting using off-control
Electric heater selects suitable electric heater to turn off according to continuous heating time-sequencing, is not influenceing the premise of users'comfort
Under, reach the purpose of peak load shifting.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is electric heater duty control method flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail with example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Reference picture 1, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Step 101 is first carried out, electric heater is once divided according to water tank volume, temperature bound and rated power
Group, be then accustomed to carrying out secondary packet further according to number of users and user so that every group of electric heater have identical volume,
Power, temperature bound, number of users and user's custom.[120L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C] once are grouped, [160L,
3000W, 45 °C -50 °C], [200L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C], [279L, 4500W, 45 °C -50 °C], [320L, 6000W,
45 °C -50 °C], [120L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C], [160L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C], [200L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °
C], [279L, 4500W, 50 °C -55 °C], [320L, 6000W, 50 °C -55 °C].In practice, electric heater supports number of users
Relevant with its volume, the electric heater of small volume supports that number of users is few, and outworker's number is supported with electric heater
Number of users is related.According to analysis of statistical data, the behavior of outworker's daily water consumption is commonly used with non-outworker's day
Water behavior is different, and people is divided into two major classes, that is, needs outgoing work and the work that need not go out.Therefore secondary packet is according to [1
People, 1 people work], [1 people, 0 people work], [2 people, 2 people work], [2 people, 1 people work], [2 people, 0 people work], [3 people, 3 people
Work], [3 people, 2 people work], [3 people, 1 people work] ..., [n people, 0 people work] is divided.Finally it is grouped as follows：
[120L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 1,1], [120L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 1,0], [120L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C,
2,2], [120L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 2,1], [120L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 2,0], [160L, 3000W, 45 °C -
50 °C, 1,1], [160L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 1,0], [160L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 2,2], [160L, 3000W,
45 °C -50 °C, 2,1], [160L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 2,0], [200L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 3,3], [200L,
3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 3,2], [200L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 3,1], [200L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 4,4],
[200L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 4,3], [200L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 4,2], [200L, 3000W, 45 °C -50 °
C, 4,1], [279L, 4500W, 45 °C -50 °C, 3,3], [279L, 4500W, 45 °C -50 °C, 3,2], [279L, 4500W, 45 °
C-50 °C, 3,1], [279L, 4500W, 45 °C -50 °C, 4,4], [279L, 4500W, 45 °C -50 °C, 4,3], [279L,
4500W, 45 °C -50 °C, 4,2], [279L, 4500W, 45 °C -50 °C, 4,1], [320L, 6000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 4,
4], [320L, 6000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 4,3], [320L, 6000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 4,2], [320L, 6000W,
45 °C -50 °C, 4,1], [320L, 6000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 5,5], [320L, 6000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 5,4],
[320L, 6000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 5,3], [320L, 6000W, 45 °C -50 °C, 5,2], [120L, 3000W, 50 °C -
55 °C, 1,1], [120L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 1,0], [120L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 2,2], [120L,
3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 2,1], [120L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 2,0], [160L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 1,
1], [160L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 1,0], [160L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 2,2], [160L, 3000W, 50 °C -
55 °C, 2,1], [160L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 2,0], [200L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 3,3], [200L,
3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 3,2], [200L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 3,1], [200L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 4,
4], [200L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 4,3], [200L, 3000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 4,2], [200L, 3000W, 50 °C -
55 °C, 4,1], [279L, 4500W, 50 °C -55 °C, 3,3], [279L, 4500W, 50 °C -55 °C, 3,2], [279L,
4500W, 50 °C -55 °C, 3,1], [279L, 4500W, 50 °C -55 °C, 4,4], [279L, 4500W, 50 °C -55 °C, 4,
3], [279L, 4500W, 50 °C -55 °C, 4,2], [279L, 4500W, 50 °C -55 °C, 4,1], [320L, 6000W, 50 °C -
55 °C, 4,4], [320L, 6000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 4,3], [320L, 6000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 4,2], [320L,
6000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 4,1], [320L, 6000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 5,5], [320L, 6000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 5,
4], [320L, 6000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 5,3], [320L, 6000W, 50 °C -55 °C, 5,2].
（2）Step 102 is performed, according to statistics, estimates every group of electric heater interior hot water usage amount per hour, according to
Maximum estimates the maximum heating time of every group of electric heater with regimen shape, and the inverse of the maximum heating time is this group of electric hot water
Weights in the device period.
（3）Step 103 is performed, electric heater working condition is judged according to the power information collected in real time, if instantaneous work(
Rate value added is equal to electric heater rated power, it is believed that electric heater initially enters heated condition, the heat time start timing；
If instantaneous power reduced value is equal to electric heater rated power, it is believed that electric heater turn off, stop heating, the heat time be
Zero；In the case of other, electric heater working condition keeps constant；If previous sampling instant is heated condition, the heat time be
The heat time adds sampling time interval for a upper sampling instant, if a upper sampling instant is not being heated, continuous heating time
It is zero.
（4）Step 104 is performed, the heat time that step 103 is obtained is multiplied with the weights obtained in step 102, obtained
Arranged to ranking value and according to descending.
（5）Perform step 105, calculate this time sample when power of electric water heater summation compared with given reference power, if
Less than or equal to reference power, it is not necessary to regulate and control, be transferred to step 107；Otherwise work(is referred to according to power of electric water heater and with given
Preceding n electric heater shut-off in the obtained electric heater sequence of rate difference selection step 104, this n power of electric water heater with
Be equal to or closest to power of electric water heater and with given reference power difference, and be transferred to step 106；
（6）Step 106 is performed, the cut-off signals that step 105 obtains are sent to corresponding electricity by middle control center or zone controller
Water heater, cut-off signals are pulse signal, and the electric heater for receiving cut-off signals performs shut-off operation, performs direct load control
System, turn off all electric heaters that need to be turned off obtained in step 105；
（7）Step 107 is performed, if stopping control program without human intervention, is transferred to the continuous loop control of step 103.
The electric heater duty control method of the present invention, it is a kind of effective direct load control method, passes through electric hot water
Type number（Volume, power）, temperature bound, user's number and user custom, electric heater is grouped, and generate weight table.
The continuous heating time is multiplied and sorted the weight table with electric heater, during electric heater spatial load forecasting, closes in order
Electric heater in this sequence of breaking, has reached the purpose of spatial load forecasting.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of electric water heater duty control method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Electric heater is classified, classified according to electric heater volume, power, user's number and user custom, will be identical
The electric heater of volume, temperature bound and power is accustomed to according to user's number and user again as same major class, each major class
It is finely divided, identical user number and user are accustomed to being used as same group, obtain group and form electric heater packet；
（2）Generate every group of electric heater weight table；
（3）Each electric heater working condition is identified by instantaneous power raising and lowering, calculates the continuous heating time；
（4）Each electric heater being under heated condition is ranked up, according to electric heater continuous heating time and phase
Corresponding weights are ranked up, the priority orders that the electric heater that obtaining can select off-control to control is turned off；
（5）The power of electric water heater for being now in heated condition is added to obtain total power value and according to power system peak load shifting
The reference power that demand proposes is compared, if total power value is less than or equal to reference power, it is not necessary to turn off any electric hot water
Device, and it is transferred to step（7）；If total power value is more than reference power, send the preceding n electric heater shut-off of highest priority
Signal, n determines by the difference that two power differences are the total power value and reference power, the power of the electric heater of shut-off
Summation is equal to or closest to power difference, and continues step（6）；
（6）By step（5）Obtained cut-off signals are sent to corresponding electric heater by middle control center or zone controller, shut-off
Signal is pulse signal, and the electric heater for receiving cut-off signals performs shut-off operation, performs direct load control, turns off step
（5）In obtained all electric heaters that need to be turned off；
（7）Repeat step（3）-（5）, it is lasting to select to turn off electric heater and perform direct load control, reach power system
Spatial load forecasting demand；Until human intervention stops.
2. electric water heater duty control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（1）In,
When classifying to electric heater：In the case of no hot water use, when each electric heater is heated to temperature upper limit by lowest temperature
Between it is most short, heat time value is determined by electric heater volume, power, temperature bound difference, gives tacit consent to all electric heaters herein
The temperature bound difference of setting is identical, therefore only by volume and power decision；It can be seen from heat energy formula, the bigger heating of power
Time is shorter, and the volume smaller heat time is shorter；During in the presence of with hot water behavior, for identical volume and the electric hot water of power
Device, more with hot water, the heat time is longer;It is accustomed to hot water situation with user behavior and user's number is relevant, therefore in institute
In the case of having the temperature bound difference identical that electric heater is set, each electric heater is carried out for the first time according to volume and power
Classification, it is accustomed to according still further to user's number and user, carries out secondary classification；
It is accustomed to user being divided into two kinds according to user：Outgoing active user and non-outgoing not active user.
3. electric water heater duty control method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the step（2）
In, the volume of each electric heater in each electric heater group is identical, temperature bound is identical, power is also identical；For every
Each electric heater in individual electric heater group, in the case of useless water, phase the time required to being heated to temperature upper limit from lowest temperature
Together；It is more with water, it is longer the time required to heating, and user is changed with regimen shape and changed with the period, therefore in each time
In section, according to the maximum inverse by the use of the required heat time in the case of water as the weights of electric heater, every group of electric heater is built
In the weight table of each period.
4. electric water heater duty control method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the step（2）In, institute
State step（2）In, when generating every group of electric heater weight table, it is grouped based on existing electric heater, is accustomed to estimating according to user
Maximum hot water usage amount in each period；Maximum higher with hot water amount, the required heat time is longer, and weights are smaller；Electric hot water
Body product is bigger, and the required heat time is longer, and weights are smaller；Power is bigger, and the required heat time is smaller, and weights are bigger.
5. electric water heater duty control method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the step（3）
In, each electric heater working condition is identified by instantaneous power raising and lowering, calculates the specific side of continuous heating time
Method is：
The working condition of each electric heater is identified by intelligent electric meter power swing, if the instantaneous rising value of power is equal to electric heating
Hydrophone power-handling capability, then it is assumed that electric heater initially enters heated condition, the heat time start timing；
If the instantaneous drop-out value of power is equal to electric heater power-handling capability, then it is assumed that electric heater turns off, and stops heating, continues
Heat time is zero；
If power transient change value is more than or less than electric heater rated power, then it is assumed that electric heater keeps last moment work
Make state：Last moment working condition if heated condition, the continuous heating time increase a sampling interval；Last moment
Working condition is if non-heated state, and the continuous heating time is zero.
6. electric water heater duty control method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the step（4）
In, each electric heater being under heated condition is ranked up, according to electric heater continuous heating time and corresponding
Weights are ranked up, and obtain the specific method that the priority orders that the electric heater that off-control is controlled is turned off may be selected
For：
By each electric heater, the heat time is multiplied by corresponding weights, obtains ranking value, then by obtained ranking value according to descending
Arrangement；It is right within the routine work time in the case of there is identical ranking value positioned at the electric heater of different electric heater groups
It should go out before the electric heater more than active user comes, otherwise behind coming；For the electricity in same electric heater group
It is randomly ordered in the case of water heater has identical ranking value；Order according to the ranking value of descending arrangement had both been optional off-
The priority orders that the electric heater of control controls is turned off.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109654742A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-19 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of the electric heater load optimal and control method of self study user behavior |
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| CN107702346B (en) | 2019-10-01 |
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