CN103336434B - Requirement response control method for household temperature control load - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a requirement response control method for a household temperature control load, which comprises the following steps: acquiring adjusted temperature in a real-time manner and on-off state and rated power of controllable temperature-controlled equipment, building a functional relationship of the state between the controllable variable and the temperature-controlled equipment, which can reflect the grid running state; according to the functional relationship of the state between the controllable variable and the temperature-controlled equipment and the temperature controllable range of the temperature-controlled temperature, obtaining the upper and lower bounds describing the adjusting ability of polymerization load group of a plurality of temperature-controlled equipment; based on the upper and lower bounds in the last step, ensuring a response target PHP*[t+Delta t], and calculating the target on-off state of temperature-controlled equipment in the next step; after the completion of temperature temperature-controlled response, obtaining a practical overall response load value PHP [t+Delta t] of all temperature-controlled equipment at the time of t+Delta t. According to the invention, effective description reflects user-comfortable using information or operation restraint on individual temperature-controlled equipment, so as to monitor the adjusting range of the load on the temperature-controlled equipment. Moreover, the method is helpful to reducing electric power system operation and construction cost, and meets various demands in practical application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent power grids and user side demand response, in particular to a demand response control method for household temperature control loads (an electric heat pump, a refrigerator and the like).
Background
The demand response technology is a technical means for effectively controlling a large number of load devices distributed on a demand side through power price or other incentive means and realizing the system load regulation target through automatic response. Household temperature control equipment (such as an electric heat pump, a water heater, a refrigerator and the like) is one of important adjustable load resources. How to effectively control the on-off state of the home temperature control devices in real time through a demand response strategy is a current research problem, so that a certain number of home temperature control devices respond to the load adjustment target of the system, effectively participate in power grid optimization, improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce system operation cost.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following disadvantages and shortcomings:
at present, most researchers mainly discuss the demand response method of the home temperature control equipment, the response load adjusting capacity range of the home temperature control equipment and the modeling information of the limit information comfortable for users are insufficient, the adjusting capacity range cannot be effectively quantized, and the monitoring is dynamically carried out, so that the power grid control cost is increased, and the system maintenance cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a household temperature control load demand response control method, which effectively quantifies the adjusting capability of household temperature control equipment, reduces the control cost of a power grid and the maintenance cost of a system, and is described in detail as follows:
a household temperature control load demand response control method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the regulated temperature, the switching state and the rated power of the controllable temperature control equipment in real time, and establishing a functional relation between a controllable variable reflecting the running state of the power grid and the state of the temperature control equipment;
acquiring upper and lower boundaries describing the adjusting capacity of a plurality of temperature control equipment aggregation load groups according to the functional relation between the controllable variable and the state of the temperature control equipment and the controllable temperature range of the controllable temperature control equipment;
determining a response objective by upper and lower bounds of an adjustment capability of the aggregated load group of the plurality of temperature control devicesCalculating the target switch state of the next long temperature control equipment, and acquiring the actual total response load value P of all the temperature control equipment at the t + delta t moment after the temperature control equipment responds to the operationHP[t+Δt]。
The controllable temperature range of the temperature control equipment is specifically as follows:
setting the upper limit and the lower limit of the adjusting temperature theta variation range of the controllable temperature control equipment as [ theta-,θ+]The controllable temperature range of the controllable temperature control device is [ theta ]on,θ+]And [ theta ]-,θoff]，θonAnd thetaoffIs a set threshold.
The upper and lower boundaries of the adjusting capability of the aggregated load group of the plurality of temperature control devices are specifically as follows:
wherein P isHP[t]Representing the actual total response load value of all the controllable temperature control devices at the time t; pmin[t+Δt]Representing the lower boundary of the total response load of all the controllable temperature control equipment at the moment of t + delta t, wherein delta t represents the simulation step length; pmax[t+Δt]Representing the total response load upper boundary of all the controllable temperature control equipment at the moment of t + delta t; prated,iIndicating the rated power of the ith controllable temperature control device; thetai[t+Δt]The adjustment temperature of the ith controllable temperature control device is predicted at the moment t + delta t; n isi[t+Δt]Representing the switching state of the ith controllable temperature-control device at time t + Δ t, ni[t+Δt]=1 denotes that the i-th controllable temperature control device is predicted to be turned on at the moment t + delta t, ni[t+Δt]=0 represents that the i-th controllable temperature control device is predicted to be turned off at the time t + Δ t; the symbol @ indicates taking an intersection.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: on the premise of bidirectional and reliable communication, the invention adopts resident household temperature control type load equipment as load response resources, effectively describes and reflects comfortable use information of a user or operation constraints of single temperature control equipment load, further describes the upper and lower boundaries of the adjusting capacity of a polymerization temperature control equipment load group, and is used for monitoring the adjusting range of the temperature control equipment load, wherein the household temperature control equipment can be an electric air conditioner, a refrigerator, a water heater and the like; meanwhile, the invention is beneficial to reducing the operation and construction cost of the power system and meets various requirements in practical application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a thermodynamic dynamic process of a single electric heat pump provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a direct load control method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic response process of the aggregate temperature controlled load group provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a home temperature control load demand response control method provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to effectively quantify the adjusting capability of the home temperature control device and reduce the power grid control cost and the system maintenance cost, an embodiment of the invention provides a home temperature control load demand response control method, which is described in detail in the following description with reference to fig. 4:
101: acquiring and adjusting temperature, the switching state and rated power of the temperature control type household equipment in real time, and establishing a functional relation between a controllable variable reflecting the running state of a power grid and the state of the temperature control type household equipment;
the controllable variable is usually temperature regulation, and the functional relationship between the controllable variable of the power grid operation state and the state of the temperature control type household equipment is as follows: the step of adjusting the functional relationship between the temperature and the on-off state of the temperature-controlled home equipment is well known to those skilled in the art, and is not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention.
102: acquiring upper and lower boundaries describing the adjusting capacity of a plurality of temperature control equipment aggregation load groups according to the functional relation of the state between the controllable variable and the temperature control type household equipment and the controllable temperature range of the temperature control load equipment;
the controllable temperature range of the controllable temperature control load device is used for reflecting comfortable use information of a user or operation constraints of a single temperature control device, and the upper and lower boundaries of the adjusting capacity are used for monitoring the response load adjusting capacity range of the temperature control device.
Thereafter, upper and lower boundaries of the turndown capability of the aggregated load group of the plurality of temperature control devices may be defined: the controllable temperature range of the temperature control equipment is specifically as follows: an electric heat pump (in concrete implementation, the electric heat pump can also be common household equipment such as an electric air conditioner, a refrigerator and a washing machine, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the above) is taken as household temperature control equipment to represent and explain a modeling mechanism, and the upper limit and the lower limit of the adjusting temperature theta variation range of the electric heat pump are set as [ theta ]-,θ+]The controllable temperature range of the temperature control equipment is [ theta ]on,θ+]And [ theta ]-,θoff]，θonAnd thetaoffThe value of the threshold is determined by the user comfort information or a single temperature control device, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
At [ theta ]on,θ+]And [ theta ]-,θoff]The electric heat pump in the temperature variation range can participate in demand response control, and the electric heat pump equipment outside the two temperature variation ranges considers that the starting time or the stopping time of the electric heat pump equipment does not meet the limitation requirement of equipment operation restriction, and cannot participate in demand response control.
The upper and lower boundaries of the adjusting capacity of the aggregation load group of the plurality of temperature control devices are specifically as follows:
setting a controllable temperature range [ theta ] of a temperature control deviceon,θ+]And [ theta ]-,θoff]
Wherein P isHP[t]Representing the actual total response load value of all the controllable temperature control devices at the time t; pmin[t+Δt]Representing the lower boundary of the total response load of all the controllable temperature control equipment at the moment of t + delta t, wherein delta t represents the simulation step length; pmax[t+Δt]Representing the total response load upper boundary of all the controllable temperature control equipment at the moment of t + delta t; prated,iIndicating the rated power of the ith controllable temperature control device;
θi[t+Δt]the regulating temperature of the ith controllable temperature control device at the moment of t + delta t is represented; n isi[t+Δt]Representing the switching state of the ith controllable temperature-control device at time t + Δ t, ni[t+Δt]=1 denotes that the ith controllable temperature control device is switched on at time t + Δ t, ni[t+Δt]=0 indicates that the ith controllable temperature control device is turned off at time t + Δ t; the symbol @ indicates taking an intersection. n isi[t+Δt]The specific value of (a) is predicted by the thermodynamic dynamic process of the temperature control device in fig. 1, the prediction process is well known to those skilled in the art, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
103: determining response targets by upper and lower boundaries of regulation capabilities of aggregated load groups of a plurality of temperature control devicesCalculating the target switch state of the next controllable temperature control equipment, and acquiring the actual total response load value P of all the controllable temperature control equipment at the time of t + delta t after the temperature control equipment responds to the operationHP[t+Δt]。
The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of taking the upper and lower boundaries of the adjusting capacity of a plurality of temperature control equipment aggregation load groups as constraint conditions into a power system operation optimization model, for example: optimal power flow model, etc., response objectives can be determinedBy responding to the targetDetermining the target switch state of the ith controllable temperature control equipment at the moment of t + delta t by the thermodynamic dynamic process of the temperature control equipment, the function relationship between the controllable variable and the state of the temperature control type household equipmentSwitching the target on and offTransmitting to the controllable temperature control equipment, responding to the opening or closing operation by the controllable temperature control equipment, and acquiring the actual total response load value P of all the controllable temperature control equipment at the moment of t + delta tHP[t+Δt]See table 1.
TABLE 1 basic control principles for household temperature control load demand response
Wherein,responding to the target for time t + Δ tWith uncontrolled load consumption valuesThe other variables correspond to the following:
·is in the range of regulating temperature variation [ theta ]-,θ+]The total load of all temperature control equipment which can be opened inside;
·is in the range of regulating temperature variation [ theta ]-,θoff]The number of all temperature control devices which can be opened inside;
· ΣPoffis in the range of regulating temperature variation [ theta ]-,θoff]The total load of all temperature control equipment which can be opened inside;
· Noffis in the range of regulating temperature variation [ theta ]-,θoff]The number of all temperature control devices which can be opened inside;
s is in the range of regulating temperature variation [ theta ]-,θoff]The number of the initial temperature control equipment which can be opened internally;
· θsthe temperature is adjusted corresponding to the openable initial temperature control equipment;
· nonthe number of temperature control devices turned on in response;
·is in the range of regulating temperature variation [ theta ]－,θ+]The sum of the loads of all temperature control equipment which can be closed inside;
·is in the range of regulating temperature variation [ theta ]－,θ+]The number of all temperature control devices which can be closed internally;
· ΣPonis in the range of regulating temperature variation [ theta ]on,θ+]The sum of the loads of all temperature control equipment which can be closed inside;
· Nonis in the range of regulating temperature variation [ theta ]on,θ+]The number of all temperature control devices which can be closed internally;
w is in the range of the regulated temperature [ theta ]on,θ+]The serial numbers of all temperature control devices which can be closed inside;
· θwthe temperature is adjusted corresponding to the closable initial temperature control equipment;
· noffthe number of temperature control devices that are turned off in response;
·is the average of the rated power of all temperature control devices.
For example: referring to fig. 2, the adjusting temperatures θ of all the temperature control devices at the time t + Δ t are calculated according to the thermodynamic dynamic process of the temperature control devicesi[t+Δt]And predicting the switching state n at time t + Deltati[t+Δt]The value of i is all temperature control equipment; the uncontrolled load consumption of all temperature control devices at time t + Δ t has a value ofResponse targetWith an uncontrolled load consumption value ofThe difference of (a) is positive 10kW, Sigma PoffThe value of (a) is 100 kW; grouping the switch states into an open state and a closed state through the function relation of the states between the controllable variables and the temperature control type household equipment, sequencing the adjusting temperatures of the temperature control equipment (1 st to 5 th temperature control equipment) in the open state from low to high, sequencing the adjusting temperatures of the temperature control equipment (1 st to 15 th temperature control equipment) in the closed state from high to low, and selecting the controllable temperature control equipment (n) responding to the open state in the closed state through positive 10kWon= 3), the closer the regulation temperature is to the threshold value θ is usually selected-The controllable temperature control device of (s =15-3+1= 13), the 13 th, 14 th and 15 th controllable temperature control devices are turned on in response.
For example: referring to FIG. 2, response targetsWith an uncontrolled load consumption value ofIs positive 200kW, Sigma PoffIs 100kW, the 1 st to 15 th controllable temperature control devices in the closed state are opened in response.
For example: referring to FIG. 2, response targetsWith an uncontrolled load consumption value ofIs minus 10kW, sigma PonThe value of (a) is 30 kW; grouping the switch states into groups according to the function relationship between the controllable variable and the state of the temperature control type household equipment, namely, dividing the switch states into an open state and a closed state, and grouping the temperature control equipment in the open state (the first temperature control equipment)1-5 th temperature control device), the adjustment temperatures of the temperature control devices in the closed state (1-15 th temperature control devices) are sequenced from high to low, and the controllable temperature control devices (n) responding to the closing are selected in the open state by minus 10kWoff= 3), the closer the regulation temperature is to the threshold value θ is usually selected+The 3 rd controllable temperature control device, the 4 th controllable temperature control device and the 5 th controllable temperature control device are turned off in response (w =5-3+1= 3).
For example: referring to FIG. 2, response targetsWith an uncontrolled load consumption value ofIs minus 200kW, Sigma PonIs 30kW, the 1 st to 5 th controllable temperature control devices in the open state are switched off in response.
The feasibility of the household temperature control load demand response control method provided by the invention is verified by specific experiments, and is described in detail as follows:
in the research on load response, Thermally Controlled Loads (TCLs) represented by building heating and ventilation Loads, water heaters, refrigerators, and the like have a large proportion of Loads in economically developed countries and have good energy storage characteristics, and thus, they have become important in the research on demand response control. Taking an electric heat pump commonly used in the load of residents in Europe and America as an example, the basic dynamic process is shown in figure 1, and the temperature is adjusted to a certain temperature setting value TsetThe temperature of the electric heat pump is controlled by the temperature of the electric heat pump, and the temperature of the electric heat pump is controlled by the temperature of the electric heat pump. The temperature rise process corresponds to the consumption of electric power, which means that electric energy is converted into indoor heat energy, namely, the electric heat pump adjusts and rises the regulation temperature; the temperature drop means that the equipment is closed, the temperature naturally drops, and the consumed electric power is zero.
Referring to FIG. 2, suppose there are 20 electric heat pumps in the system, if it is adoptedDescribing the "on" or "off" state of a single electric heat pump by the state variable S, there are 20 state variables at each moment, and the state values of the state variables are related to the height of the regulating temperature measured value. In fig. 2, 5 electric heat pumps are in an "on" state, and 15 electric heat pumps are in an "off" state. For the period shown in FIG. 2, in [ theta ]on,θ+]And [ theta ]-,θoff]For the set controllable regulation of the temperature variation range, the electric heat pump which can be controlled to be turned off is S2-S5The corresponding equipment is S 'by the electric heat pump which can be controlled to be turned on'3-S′15The corresponding equipment. The priority order of the equipment closing or opening is as follows: the electric heat pump near the upper boundary is preferentially turned off, and the electric heat pump near the lower boundary is preferentially turned on. The essence of the control method is to establish a functional relationship reflecting the state between the controllable variable considering the equipment operation constraint and the temperature control type household equipment, and to realize the response target values of all the controllable electric heat pumps by controlling the state of the temperature control type household equipment
Referring to FIG. 3, taking the electric heat pump as an example, the dynamic response process of all the electric heat pumps is shown, all the electric heat pumps are in an uncontrolled state before 320 minutes, and the load consumption value isControl signal is applied after 320 minutesPHPIs the actual response value after control, [ P ]max,Pmin]Responding the upper and lower boundaries for the adjustable load of all controllable electric heat pumps; after 600 minutes, the control signalUncontrolled aggregate load curve for all electrothermal pumpsThe control pressure of the system is reflected to be gradually increased, the upper boundary of the adjustable load response is obviously contracted, the adjustable capacity of all the electric heating pumps is reflected to be continuously reduced, namely the bearable comfort degree of a user is continuously reduced, the dynamically changed load response boundary, the response target and the actual response value can be used as monitored physical variables, the interaction condition between the load response capacity and the bearing capacity of the user is reflected, the mismatching symptom of the response target and the load response boundary can be timely found, and preventive control measures can be made.
In summary, the present invention provides a home temperature control load demand response control method, on the premise of reliable communication bi-directionally, by using a residential home temperature control type load device as a load response resource, effectively describing an operation constraint of a single temperature control load, further describing upper and lower boundaries of an adjustment capability of a collective temperature control load group, so as to monitor an adjustment range of the temperature control load, and defining a virtual charge state value of the temperature control load group according to the upper and lower boundaries of the adjustment capability and an actual response value, so as to describe a heat energy storage characteristic thereof, and monitor a controlled operation state of the temperature control load; meanwhile, the method is beneficial to reducing the operation and construction cost of the power system and meets various requirements in practical application.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only schematic illustrations of preferred embodiments, and the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely provided for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A household temperature control load demand response control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) acquiring the regulated temperature, the switching state and the rated power of the controllable temperature control equipment in real time, and establishing a functional relation between a controllable variable reflecting the running state of the power grid and the state of the temperature control equipment;
(2) acquiring upper and lower boundaries describing the adjusting capacity of a plurality of temperature control equipment aggregation load groups according to the functional relation of the state between the controllable variable and the temperature control equipment and the controllable temperature range of the temperature control equipment;
(3) determining a response objective by upper and lower bounds of an adjustment capability of the aggregated load group of the plurality of temperature control devicesCalculating the target switch state of the next long temperature control equipment, and acquiring the actual total response load value P of all the temperature control equipment at the t + delta t moment after the temperature control equipment responds to the operationHP[t+Δt]；
Wherein, the operation of the step (3) is specifically as follows:
by taking the upper and lower boundaries of the adjusting capacity of a plurality of temperature control equipment aggregation load groups as constraint conditions into the power system operation optimization model, and by responding to the targetDetermining the target switch state of the ith controllable temperature control equipment at the moment of t + delta t by the thermodynamic dynamic process of the temperature control equipment, the function relationship between the controllable variable and the state of the temperature control type household equipmentSwitching the target on and offTransmitting to the controllable temperature control equipment, responding to the opening or closing operation by the controllable temperature control equipment, and acquiring the actual total response load value P of all the controllable temperature control equipment at the moment of t + delta tHP[t+Δt]。
2. The household temperature control load demand response control method according to claim 1, wherein the controllable temperature range of the temperature control device is specifically as follows:
supposing that the upper limit and the lower limit of the adjusting temperature theta variation range of the controllable temperature control equipment are [ theta ]-,θ+]The controllable temperature range of the controllable temperature control device is [ theta ]on,θ+]And [ theta ]-,θoff]，θonAnd thetaoffIs a set threshold.
3. The household temperature-control load demand response control method according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower boundaries of the adjusting capability of the aggregated load group of the plurality of temperature control devices are specifically:
wherein P isHP[t]Representing the actual total response load value of all the controllable temperature control devices at the time t; pmin[t+Δt]Representing the lower boundary of the total response load of all the controllable temperature control equipment at the moment of t + delta t, wherein delta t represents the simulation step length; pmax[t+Δt]Representing the total response load upper boundary of all the controllable temperature control equipment at the moment of t + delta t; prated,iIndicating the rated power of the ith controllable temperature control device; thetai[t+Δt]The adjustment temperature of the ith controllable temperature control device is predicted at the moment t + delta t; n isi[t+Δt]Representing the switching state of the ith controllable temperature-control device at time t + Δ t, ni[t+Δt]Where 1 denotes the time t + Δ t at which the ith controllable thermostat is predicted to open, ni[t+Δt]When the t + delta t is equal to 0, predicting that the ith controllable temperature control device is closed; symbol UThe representation takes the intersection.
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| WO2011106917A1 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-09-09 | 朗德华信（北京）自控技术有限公司 | Energy management control system based on cloud computing and method thereof |
| CN102298371A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-12-28 | 广东省电力设计研究院 | Distributed combined cooling and power supply system and control method thereof |
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| CN105549389A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-05-04 | 国家电网公司 | Household energy management algorithm based on building thermodynamic model |
| CN105549389B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-11-09 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of home energy management algorithm based on building thermodynamical model |
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