CN113555875A - Flexible load regulation and control system and method for differentiated comfort level users - Google Patents
Flexible load regulation and control system and method for differentiated comfort level users Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
- H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
- H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
- H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
- H02J2310/58—The condition being electrical
- H02J2310/60—Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
- Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of application of new energy consumption and demand side flexible load regulation of a power grid, and aims to provide a flexible load regulation and control system and method for differentiated comfort level users. The system comprises a power grid new energy output monitoring module, a Load Aggregator (LA) control module, a user comfort monitoring module, a flexible Load operation state sensing module and a flexible Load control module. The system provides a flexible load regulation and control method for users with differentiated comfort levels, reasonable consumption distribution of the users with the differentiated comfort levels is achieved on the basis of comprehensively and accurately measuring the comfort levels of the users, combined regulation and control are carried out on the single-power-level and multi-power-level flexible loads, compared with the traditional method, the power grid can further finely consume new energy, the comfort level feeling of the users is obviously improved, and the multi-power-level loads can stably run.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of application of new energy consumption and demand side flexible load regulation of a power grid, in particular to a flexible load regulation and control system and method for differentiated comfort level users
Background
With the transformation of the power industry to clean low-carbon energy, new energy represented by wind power and photovoltaic is connected to a power grid on a large scale, and in order to solve the problems of wind abandonment, light abandonment and the like existing under high permeability, the power grid needs to further improve the new energy consumption capacity. However, high-proportion new energy of the power grid is difficult to be consumed only by the resources on the power generation side, so that the resources on the demand side need to be fully mobilized to participate, and the flexible load is used as the important adjustable resource on the demand side, can perform bidirectional interaction with the power grid, and provides a new way for the consumption of the new energy. However, when the flexible load is regulated and controlled by the conventional power grid, the regulated and controlled objects are mostly single-power-level loads, and the problems of large power regulation scale and difficulty in fine grading regulation exist, so that the absorption error is large; meanwhile, different users with different loads have different comfort levels, so that the actual response will and the consumption capacity are different, the consumption effect is influenced, the comfort level and the response will of the users are difficult to comprehensively measure only from the temperature perspective, and the judgment on the consumption capacity of the users is influenced.
Therefore, on the basis of comprehensively and accurately measuring the user comfort level, how to reasonably distribute the consumption amount of the users with different comfort levels and jointly regulate and control the single-power-level flexible load and the multi-power-level flexible load enables the power grid to finely consume the new energy output and simultaneously improve the user comfort level feeling, and enables each power-level load to keep stable operation, so that the method is a difficult point to be considered urgently when the current power grid regulates and controls the flexible load to perform new energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a flexible load regulation and control system and method for users with differentiated comfort levels. The regulation and control system comprises a power grid new energy output monitoring module, a Load Aggregator (LA) control module, a user comfort level monitoring module, a flexible Load operation state sensing module and a flexible Load control module;
the utility model provides a power grid new energy output monitoring module, it is that the power grid operator carries out real-time supervision to the new energy output such as wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic of access electric wire netting, judges the new energy total amount that each period needs to be absorbed to transmit the new energy total amount data that need to be absorbed for load aggregator control module.
The load aggregation business control module is responsible for receiving the total consumption task amount issued by the power grid operator, carries out two-way communication with the user comfort level monitoring module on the user side, acquires indoor comfort level data of different users, and senses the load operation power state through the flexible load operation state sensing module, so that the loads in different operation power states are regulated and controlled through the flexible load control module.
The user comfort level monitoring module monitors multidimensional parameters such as air temperature, humidity and air flow rate in a user room according to the PMV comfort level index, obtains a PMV value representing the comfort level of each user through comprehensive calculation, and uploads the comfort level data of each user to the load aggregation business control module, so that the load aggregation business distributes the consumption amount to user groups with different comfort levels.
The flexible load running state sensing module is used for detecting the flexible load running power state of each user, and for a single-power-level load, the power states are respectively a closed state and an open state; for multi-power-level loads, taking an air conditioner load with three-level adjustable power levels as an example, the operating power is 0 when the load is closed, the adjustable power levels have three levels when the load is opened, the three levels correspond to a first-level power level, a second-level power level and a third-level power level from low to high respectively, and the third-level power level corresponds to the rated power of the load. And determining the number of flexible loads in different power operation states by sensing the load operation state of a user.
The flexible load control module is a device for directly controlling the flexible load at the user side by a load aggregator, carries out state queue grouping sequencing on the single-power flexible load and the multi-power flexible load in each user group respectively based on the flexible load state sensing module, divides the single-power flexible load into a closing group and an opening group, and divides the multi-power flexible load into a closing group and a P under the opening state1Group of stages, P2Stage group and P3And (4) a stage group. The flexible load running power of each user group is used as the reference power, when the load aggregation quotient distributes the consumption to the user groups with different comfort degrees, the consumption difference value relative to the reference power is judged, and the single power is subjected to And carrying out a combined regulation and control strategy for the load of the level and the multi-power level.
The invention further provides a flexible load regulation and control method for a new energy consumption-oriented differentiated comfort level user, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the power grid new energy output monitoring module monitors the output of new energy such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like accessed to a power grid in real time, judges the total amount of new energy to be consumed in each time period, and calculates the total amount P of new energy to be consumedsAnd issuing the data to the load aggregators.
Step 2: the load aggregation business control module receives the total amount of the new energy PsThen, according to the PMV values of the users in each area (living cell) uploaded by the user comfort monitoring module, a PMV calculation formula is as follows:
wherein M is the rate of human metabolism; w is the mechanical work produced by human activity; p is a radical ofaIs the partial pressure of water vapor in the environment; t is taIs the ambient air temperature, fc1Is the coefficient of clothing, which is the ratio of the surface area of the clothing to the surface area of the human body, tc1In order to dress the surface temperature of the human body,
is the mean radiant temperature, hcIs the air convection heat transfer coefficient; i isc1Is the thermal resistance of the garment, varIs the relative air flow rate;
is the relative humidity of the air, psIs the air water vapor pressure in a standard environment.
And step 3: in order to solve the characteristic of multi-region user differential PMV, a load aggregator utilizes a clustering algorithm to perform uniform clustering division on PMV values of multi-region users, aggregates users with the same comfort characteristic into a new user group as a regulation object, and respectively extracts PMV clustering center values representing the comfort of each user group 
And 4, step 4: after determining the PMV cluster center value, the response willingness degree and the consumption capability of each user group need to be determined, so that the consumption is reasonably distributed. According to the comfort dissatisfaction index PPD, the comfort dissatisfaction degree of each user group can be determined, and the corresponding relation between PPD and PMV is as follows:
PPD＝100-95exp(-0.03353PMV4-0.2179PMV2)
based on the PMV-PPD model, it is defined that when PMV is 0, the human body feels most comfortable, and at this time, the overall comfort dissatisfaction of the user group is the lowest, and PPD is only 5%, and when PMV is close to 3 or-3, the discomfort degree of the human body feeling getting hot or cold becomes large, and the PPD value rapidly rises with the increase, and the maximum value is 100%. Therefore, when the PMV is equal to 0, the whole comfort satisfaction of the user is the highest, the desire for improving the comfort is not great, the response will degree is the lowest, and when the PMV value tends to two ends, a large number of users need to improve the comfort urgently, and the comfort dissatisfaction PPD rises rapidly. Therefore, the comfort dissatisfaction degree reflected by the PPD index may represent the overall response willingness degree of the user group, and then the response willingness degree α of the user group N is defined as: .
The different willingness of each user group to respond differently affects the different consumption abilities of the last user groups.
And 5: according to the power regulation mode of the flexible load, a load aggregator can divide the flexible load into a Continuous Adjustable Flexible Load (CAFL) and a switch start/stop flexible load (SSFL), wherein the CAFL can continuously regulate power and has multi-power-level characteristics, and the SSFL can only switch power through the switch start/stop and only has single-power-level characteristics. Taking only one of CAFL or SSFL load in each user room as an example, for a user group N, if m CAFLs and N SSFLs are owned, the flexible load operation state sensing module can be used for determining Upper limit of rated total power of fixed load group
Wherein P isi crAnd Pi srThe rated power of CAFL and SSFL, respectively.
Then according to the response willingness degree of the user group N
The maximum upper limit of the acceptable amount of the user group N may be determined as:
when the electric network operator issues the total consumption task amount P to LAsThen LA determines the consumption ability according to the response willingness degree and the total load power of each user group, and the total N is determinedsAnd allocating the consumption amount of each user group, wherein the consumption target amount of the user group N is as follows:
and after the LA distributes the consumption to each user group, developing a combined regulation strategy for the CAFL and the SSFL of each user group.
Step 6: based on a flexible load running state sensing module, LA senses the running power states of two types of loads at the time t and carries out state queue grouping and sequencing in sequence from low to high. Can be divided into CAFL groups according to power operation state
And
four groups of which P0Group P1Group P2Group sum P3The number of loads of the group is m0，m1，m2And m3(ii) a Grouping SSFL groups into off-state groups
And on state group
Wherein
And
the number of the group loads is n0And n1。
And 7: and developing a combined regulation and control strategy for the SSFL and the CAFL based on the grouping and sequencing result of the load power state queue and according to the consumption at different moments. Firstly, the overall operation power of the CAFL and SSFL load groups of the user group N at the time t is taken as a reference power, and the following formula is shown as follows:
In the formula
And
the CAFL and SSFL of the user group N are the operating powers at time t, respectively, and i is the load number.
The operating power of m CAFLs and N SSFLs in the aggregated user group N at the time t is taken as the reference power.
Calculating the consumption target quantity issued to the user group N by the load aggregation quotient
And reference power
The difference of (a):
ΔPNif the output level of the new energy is higher at the moment t, the consumption task amount distributed to the user group N is higher than the reference operation power, and more flexible loads need to be regulated and controlled to perform new energy consumption; when Δ P is measuredNAnd (t) is less than or equal to 0, which indicates that the new energy output level is low at this time, the amount of the digestion tasks allocated to the user group N is less than or equal to the reference operating power, and the whole operating power of the flexible load needs to be reduced or maintained.
And 8: when a load aggregation provider regulates and controls the power of the CAFL and the SSFL, in order to improve the comfort level of a user, the regulation relation between the power and the PMV needs to be analyzed, and potential correlation between the flexible load power and the PMV is mined by establishing a regulation model of the flexible load power and the PMV. The air conditioner is taken as a typical flexible load on a demand side, has double functions of refrigeration and heating, is widely used in users, has huge consumption potential, and takes the air conditioner as an example to establish an adjusting model of air conditioner load power and PMV.
According to the relation between the air conditioner load equivalent thermal parameter model and the room temperature, an air conditioner load power and temperature regulation model can be established:
wherein s-0 is off state and s-1 is on state;
is the indoor temperature at the time t,
the outdoor temperature at time t + 1; ε is the heat dissipation function and may be 0.96; eta is the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioner, the range is 2.8-3.5, and the number of eta can be 3; pcOperating power for the air conditioner; a is heat conductivity coefficient, and can be 0.18 ℃/kW.
After determining the regulation model for power and temperature, a regulation model for power and PMV may be established. According to the PMV formula, the PMV index contains multiple factors, and in order to highlight the emphasis and facilitate calculation, the original formula is simplified, and the PMV simplified model is as follows:
in the formula
PMV value for indoor user at time T, TskThe average skin temperature for human body comfort can be 34 ℃, M and IclThe metabolic rate of the human body and the thermal resistance of the clothes. The relationship between the indoor temperature and the PMV is obtained from the above equation:
therefore, the adjusting model of the air conditioner load power and the PMV is established as follows:
in the formula
Indoor PMV value at time t +1, Icl，ε，M，
TskEta, A is a constant which can be taken according to the difference between the environment and the user,
corresponding air conditioner running power PcWhen P iscAt different operating power levels, the magnitude of the PMV adjusted accordingly will also be different.
And step 9: when Δ PN(t) > 0, the load aggregator utilizesThe flexible load control module firstly selects the SSFL load group of the user group N for regulation and control, because the on-off characteristic of the SSFL can quickly respond to a large amount of absorption curves in a short time, and the rated power of the SSFL is equivalent to P of CAFL3And the stage running power is adjusted according to a power-PMV (pulse-modulated maximum power) adjusting model of the flexible load, the larger the adjusted power is, the larger the PMV is increased or decreased, and therefore the SSFL can greatly improve the comfort of a user compared with the CAFL so that the user is more close to the PMV which is 0.
Thus on SSFL
When the group load switches the state, the total switching power needs to be calculated
And a PMV value change PMV (t +1) ═ PMV (t) + Δ p (t) Δ PMV of each user in the user group. In the formula
Is the number of loads that the SSFL switches from off to on,
is the SSFL rated power. Δ p (t) is the power that increases at time t, Δ PMV is the PMV value that increases or decreases for the unit power (1kW), and Δ PMV > 0 for users who have PMV equal to or less than 0 because the user feels slightly cold and needs to heat and increase the PMV value, and Δ PMV < 0 for users who have PMV equal to or more than 0 because the user feels slightly hot and needs to cool.
Step 10: and after the SSFL power state is switched by the load aggregation business by using the flexible load control module, transferring the CAFL load. In this case, the target amount of the CAFL load group is 
In order to refine the matching of the consumption target amount, the consumption potential of the load in the idle state is fully excavated, and a large amount of CAFL is prevented from being accumulated on P in a short time3High power state operation, with provision for slave P first0The stage CAFL is shifted, a single load can only be shifted between adjacent power stages during power transfer, and the power transfer can only be improved by one stage each time, so that the condition that a large number of loads are in high power P in short time can be avoided3And the device operates in a graded mode, so that the equipment loss and the electricity utilization cost of a user are reduced.
Step 11: in the case of CAFL
When the group load carries out power transfer, whether the PMV value of the user where the load is located is [ -delta PMV, delta PMV is judged according to the user comfort monitoring module]If the load is not in the interval, the load power state is transferred. If it is
Group CAFL all transferred to
If the total transferred power after the group does not complete the target amount, the power transfer is continued and the group will be transferred
Group load transfer to
If the target amount of transfer has not been reached, the group will again
Group load transfer to
Group until the entire group is traversed. And calculating CAFL total transfer power during the transfer process 
When in use
Ending the CAFL multi-power transfer strategy.
Step 12: when Δ PNWhen (t) is 0, the consumption target amount of the user group N is equal to the reference power at this time, and the overall operation power state of the flexible load is kept unchanged. When Δ P is measuredNWhen (t) is less than 0, the user group N consumption task amount is smaller than the reference operation power, the flexible load integral operation power is required to be reduced to follow the new energy output, and the delta P is obtained at the momentNWhen (t) > 0, the load power control direction is reversed, firstly, the SSFL is
The group load is switched to a closed state in sequence, whether a PMV of a user where the load is located meets an adjustable condition or not is judged, if yes, the load state is switched, otherwise, the load is skipped, the next load is continuously judged, and the total switching power is calculated in the switching state process
After SSFL power switching, CAFL is transferred, and the target amount of power transfer is
At this time
Therefore the transfer direction of CAFL
When in contrast, first from P3Sequentially and downwards carrying out power transfer on the loads of the level groups, judging whether a PMV (Power management vector) of a user where the load is positioned meets an adjustable condition or not in the transfer process, carrying out power level transfer on the load if the PMV meets the adjustable condition, and continuously judging the next load by skipping the current load if the PMV does not meet the adjustable condition, and calculating the transfer power in the transfer process 
And transfer of target amount of power
The size of (2). When it occurs
Ending the CAFL diversion strategy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) compared with the traditional method, the regulation and control system and the regulation and control method provided by the invention can further realize accurate consumption, and the consumption error of the load aggregation quotient is controlled to be the difference of CAFL power levels. 2) Utilize user comfort level monitoring module, measure user comfort level from multidimension degree synthesis according to the PMV index, through the correlation model who establishes power and PMV, when adjusting power, show and promote user comfort level, it is more obvious to deviating the great user improvement effect of PMV 0 degree. 3) The SSFL and the CAFL are sequentially regulated and controlled after being sequenced in a state queue by utilizing a flexible load running state sensing module and a flexible load control module, so that the stable running of the load is ensured, and P is preferentially utilized0The stage load is absorbed and reduced to be at P3The load quantity of high-power-level state operation enables the CAFL load to smoothly operate at P1Or P2Stage status.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flexible load regulation and control system architecture for a new energy consumption-oriented differentiated comfort user according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flexible load control method step for a new energy consumption-oriented differentiated comfort user according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to the application of a power grid control technology, a computer technology and a communication technology in the field of power systems. The invention may be implemented in connection with a number of hardware or software modules. The applicant believes that it is fully possible for one skilled in the art to utilize the hardware configuration or software programming skills for carrying out the present invention in conjunction with the prior art after perusal of the application documents and an accurate understanding of the principles and content of the invention. The foregoing hardware or software functional modules include, but are not limited to: the system comprises a power grid new energy output monitoring module, a load aggregator control module, a user comfort monitoring module, a flexible load operation state sensing module, a flexible load control module and the like. All references made herein are to the extent that they do not constitute a complete listing of the applicants.
The specific implementation method of the invention is as follows:
the architecture and method steps of the flexible load control system for implementing differentiated comfort users oriented to new energy consumption are shown in fig. 1 and 2. The regulation and control system comprises a power grid new energy output monitoring module, a load aggregator control module, a user comfort monitoring module, a flexible load operation state sensing module, a flexible load control module and the like, wherein the modules are connected through advanced information communication technologies such as a power private network, a wireless public network, optical fibers and the like; wherein
The utility model provides a power grid new energy output monitoring module, it is that the power grid operator carries out real-time supervision to the new energy output such as wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic of access electric wire netting, judges the new energy total amount that each period needs to be absorbed to transmit the new energy total amount data that need to be absorbed for load aggregator control module.
The load aggregation business control module is responsible for receiving the total consumption task amount issued by the power grid operator, carries out two-way communication with the user comfort level monitoring module on the user side, acquires indoor comfort level data of different users, and senses the load operation power state through the flexible load operation state sensing module, so that the loads in different operation power states are regulated and controlled through the flexible load control module.
The user comfort level monitoring module monitors multidimensional parameters such as air temperature, humidity and air flow rate in a user room according to the PMV comfort level index, obtains a PMV value representing the comfort level of each user through comprehensive calculation, and uploads the comfort level data of each user to the load aggregation business control module, so that the load aggregation business distributes the consumption amount to user groups with different comfort levels.
The flexible load running state sensing module is used for detecting the flexible load running power state of each user, and for a single-power-level load, the power states are respectively a closed state and an open state; for multi-power-level loads, taking an air conditioner load with three-level adjustable power levels as an example, the operating power is 0 when the load is closed, the adjustable power levels have three levels when the load is opened, the three levels correspond to a first-level power level, a second-level power level and a third-level power level from low to high respectively, and the third-level power level corresponds to the rated power of the load. And determining the number of flexible loads in different power operation states by sensing the load operation state of a user.
The flexible load control module is a device for directly controlling the flexible loads at the user side by a load aggregator, carries out state queue grouping sequencing on the single-power flexible loads and the multi-power flexible loads in each user group respectively based on the flexible load state sensing module, divides the single-power flexible loads into a closing group and an opening group, and divides the multi-power flexible loads into a closing group and a P under the opening state1Group of stages, P2Stage group and P3And (4) a stage group. And taking the flexible load operation power of each user group as reference power, judging a difference value of the consumption relative to the reference power after the load aggregators distribute the consumption to the user groups with different comfort levels, and developing a joint regulation strategy for the single-power-level and multi-power-level flexible loads.
The invention further provides a flexible load regulation and control method for a new energy consumption-oriented differentiated comfort user, which comprises the following specific implementation steps:
step 1: the power grid new energy output monitoring module monitors the output of new energy such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like accessed to a power grid in real time, judges the total amount of new energy to be consumed in each time period, and calculates the total amount P of new energy to be consumedsAnd issuing the data to the load aggregators.
Step 2: the load aggregation business control module receives the total amount of the new energy PsThen, according to the PMV values of the users in each area (living cell) uploaded by the user comfort monitoring module, a PMV calculation formula is as follows:
wherein M is the rate of metabolism in the human body(ii) a W is the mechanical work produced by human activity; p is a radical ofaIs the partial pressure of water vapor in the environment; t is taIs the ambient air temperature, fc1Is the coefficient of clothing, which is the ratio of the surface area of the clothing to the surface area of the human body, tc1In order to dress the surface temperature of the human body,
is the mean radiant temperature, hcIs the air convection heat transfer coefficient; i isc1Is the thermal resistance of the garment, varIs the relative air flow rate;
is the relative humidity of the air, psIs the air water vapor pressure in a standard environment.
And step 3: in order to solve the characteristic of multi-region user differential PMV, a load aggregator utilizes a clustering algorithm to perform uniform clustering division on PMV values of multi-region users, aggregates users with the same comfort characteristic into a new user group as a regulation object, and respectively extracts PMV clustering center values representing the comfort of each user group
And 4, step 4: after determining the PMV cluster center value, the response willingness degree and the consumption capability of each user group need to be determined, so that the consumption is reasonably distributed. According to the comfort dissatisfaction index PPD, the comfort dissatisfaction degree of each user group can be determined, and the corresponding relation between PPD and PMV is as follows:
PPD＝100-95exp(-0.03353PMV4-0.2179PMV2)
Based on the PMV-PPD model, it is defined that when PMV is 0, the human body feels most comfortable, and at this time, the overall comfort dissatisfaction of the user group is the lowest, and PPD is only 5%, and when PMV is close to 3 or-3, the discomfort degree of the human body feeling getting hot or cold becomes large, and the PPD value rapidly rises with the increase, and the maximum value is 100%. Therefore, when the PMV is equal to 0, the whole comfort satisfaction of the user is the highest, the desire for improving the comfort is not great, the response will degree is the lowest, and when the PMV value tends to two ends, a large number of users need to improve the comfort urgently, and the comfort dissatisfaction PPD rises rapidly. Therefore, the comfort dissatisfaction degree reflected by the PPD index may represent the overall response willingness degree of the user group, and then the response willingness degree α of the user group N is defined as: .
The different willingness of each user group to respond differently affects the different consumption abilities of the last user groups.
And 5: according to the power regulation mode of the flexible load, a load aggregator can divide the flexible load into a Continuous Adjustable Flexible Load (CAFL) and a switch start/stop flexible load (SSFL), wherein the CAFL can continuously regulate power and has multi-power-level characteristics, and the SSFL can only switch power through the switch start/stop and only has single-power-level characteristics. Taking only one of CAFL or SSFL load in each user room as an example, for a user group N, if m CAFLs and N SSFLs are owned, the flexible load operation state sensing module can be used for determining the rated total power upper limit of the load group 
Wherein P isi crAnd Pi srThe rated power of CAFL and SSFL, respectively.
Then according to the response willingness degree of the user group N
The maximum upper limit of the acceptable amount of the user group N may be determined as:
when the electric network operator issues the total consumption task amount P to LAsThen LA determines the consumption ability according to the response willingness degree and the total load power of each user group, and the total N is determinedsThe consumption amount of each user group is distributed, and the consumption target of the user group N isThe amount is:
and after the LA distributes the consumption to each user group, developing a combined regulation strategy for the CAFL and the SSFL of each user group.
Step 6: based on a flexible load running state sensing module, LA senses the running power states of two types of loads at the time t and carries out state queue grouping and sequencing in sequence from low to high. Can be divided into CAFL groups according to power operation state
And
four groups of which P0Group P1Group P2Group sum P3The number of loads of the group is m0，m1，m2And m3(ii) a Grouping SSFL groups into off-state groups
And on state group
Wherein
And
the number of the group loads is n0And n1。
And 7: and developing a combined regulation and control strategy for the SSFL and the CAFL based on the grouping and sequencing result of the load power state queue and according to the consumption at different moments. Firstly, the overall operation power of the CAFL and SSFL load groups of the user group N at the time t is taken as a reference power, and the following formula is shown as follows:
In the formula
And
the CAFL and SSFL of the user group N are the operating powers at time t, respectively, and i is the load number.
The operating power of m CAFLs and N SSFLs in the aggregated user group N at the time t is taken as the reference power.
Calculating the consumption target quantity issued to the user group N by the load aggregation quotient
And reference power
The difference of (a):
ΔPNif the output level of the new energy is higher at the moment t, the consumption task amount distributed to the user group N is higher than the reference operation power, and more flexible loads need to be regulated and controlled to perform new energy consumption; when Δ P is measuredNAnd (t) is less than or equal to 0, which indicates that the new energy output level is low at this time, the amount of the digestion tasks allocated to the user group N is less than or equal to the reference operating power, and the whole operating power of the flexible load needs to be reduced or maintained.
And 8: when a load aggregation provider regulates and controls the power of the CAFL and the SSFL, in order to improve the comfort level of a user, the regulation relation between the power and the PMV needs to be analyzed, and potential correlation between the flexible load power and the PMV is mined by establishing a regulation model of the flexible load power and the PMV. The air conditioner is taken as a typical flexible load on a demand side, has double functions of refrigeration and heating, is widely used in users, has huge consumption potential, and takes the air conditioner as an example to establish an adjusting model of air conditioner load power and PMV.
According to the relation between the air conditioner load equivalent thermal parameter model and the room temperature, an air conditioner load power and temperature regulation model can be established:
wherein s-0 is off state and s-1 is on state;
is the indoor temperature at the time t,
the outdoor temperature at time t + 1; ε is the heat dissipation function and may be 0.96; eta is the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioner, the range is 2.8-3.5, and the number of eta can be 3; pcOperating power for the air conditioner; a is heat conductivity coefficient, and can be 0.18 ℃/kW.
After determining the regulation model for power and temperature, a regulation model for power and PMV may be established. According to the PMV formula, the PMV index contains multiple factors, and in order to highlight the emphasis and facilitate calculation, the original formula is simplified, and the PMV simplified model is as follows:
in the formula
PMV value for indoor user at time T, TskThe average skin temperature for human body comfort can be 34 ℃, M and IclThe metabolic rate of the human body and the thermal resistance of the clothes. The relationship between the indoor temperature and the PMV is obtained from the above equation:
therefore, the adjusting model of the air conditioner load power and the PMV is established as follows:
in the formula
Indoor PMV value at time t +1, Icl，ε，M，
TskEta, A is a constant which can be taken according to the difference between the environment and the user,
corresponding air conditioner running power PcWhen P iscAt different operating power levels, the magnitude of the PMV adjusted accordingly will also be different.
And step 9: when Δ PNWhen the (t) > 0 is reached, the load aggregator firstly selects the SSFL load group of the user group N for regulation and control by using the flexible load control module, because the on-off characteristic of the SSFL can rapidly respond to a large amount of absorption curves in a short time, and the rated power of the SSFL is equivalent to the P of the CAFL3And the stage running power is adjusted according to a power-PMV (pulse-modulated maximum power) adjusting model of the flexible load, the larger the adjusted power is, the larger the PMV is increased or decreased, and therefore the SSFL can greatly improve the comfort of a user compared with the CAFL so that the user is more close to the PMV which is 0.
Thus on SSFL
When the group load switches the state, the total switching power needs to be calculated
And a PMV value change PMV (t +1) ═ PMV (t) + Δ p (t) Δ PMV of each user in the user group. In the formula
Is the number of loads that the SSFL switches from off to on,
is the SSFL rated power. Δ p (t) is the power that increases at time t, Δ PMV is the PMV value that increases or decreases for the unit power (1kW), and Δ PMV > 0 for users who have PMV equal to or less than 0 because the user feels slightly cold and needs to heat and increase the PMV value, and Δ PMV < 0 for users who have PMV equal to or more than 0 because the user feels slightly hot and needs to cool.
Step 10: and after the SSFL power state is switched by the load aggregation business by using the flexible load control module, transferring the CAFL load. In this case, the target amount of the CAFL load group is 
In order to refine the matching of the consumption target amount, the consumption potential of the load in the idle state is fully excavated, and a large amount of CAFL is prevented from being accumulated on P in a short time3High power state operation, with provision for slave P first0The stage CAFL is shifted, a single load can only be shifted between adjacent power stages during power transfer, and the power transfer can only be improved by one stage each time, so that the condition that a large number of loads are in high power P in short time can be avoided3And the device operates in a graded mode, so that the equipment loss and the electricity utilization cost of a user are reduced.
Step 11: in the case of CAFL
When the group load carries out power transfer, whether the PMV value of the user where the load is located is [ -delta PMV, delta PMV is judged according to the user comfort monitoring module]If the load is not in the interval, the load power state is transferred. If it is
Group CAFL all transferred to
If the total transferred power after the group does not complete the target amount, the power transfer is continued and the group will be transferred
Group load transfer to
If the target amount of transfer has not been reached, the group will again
Group load transfer to
Group until the entire group is traversed. And calculating CAFL total transfer power during the transfer process 
When in use
Ending the CAFL multi-power transfer strategy.
Step 12: when Δ PNWhen (t) is 0, the consumption target amount of the user group N is equal to the reference power at this time, and the overall operation power state of the flexible load is kept unchanged. When Δ P is measuredNWhen (t) is less than 0, the user group N consumption task amount is smaller than the reference operation power, the flexible load integral operation power is required to be reduced to follow the new energy output, and the delta P is obtained at the momentNWhen (t) > 0, the load power control direction is reversed, firstly, the SSFL is
The group load is switched to a closed state in sequence, whether a PMV of a user where the load is located meets an adjustable condition or not is judged, if yes, the load state is switched, otherwise, the load is skipped, the next load is continuously judged, and the total switching power is calculated in the switching state process
After SSFL power switching, CAFL is transferred, and the target amount of power transfer is
At this time
Therefore the transfer direction of CAFL
When in contrast, first from P3Sequentially and downwards carrying out power transfer on the loads of the level groups, judging whether a PMV (Power management vector) of a user where the load is positioned meets an adjustable condition or not in the transfer process, carrying out power level transfer on the load if the PMV meets the adjustable condition, and continuously judging the next load by skipping the current load if the PMV does not meet the adjustable condition, and calculating the transfer power in the transfer process 
And transfer of target amount of power
The size of (2). When it occurs
Ending the CAFL diversion strategy.
Claims (11)
1. A flexible load regulation and control system and method for differentiated comfort level users are characterized in that the control method is realized based on the flexible load regulation and control system for the differentiated comfort level users: the regulation and control system comprises a power grid new energy output monitoring module, a Load Aggregator (LA) control module, a user comfort level monitoring module, a flexible Load operation state sensing module and a flexible Load control module; wherein,
the utility model provides a power grid new energy output monitoring module, it is that the power grid operator carries out real-time supervision to the new energy output such as wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic of access electric wire netting, judges the new energy total amount that each period needs to be absorbed to transmit the new energy total amount data that need to be absorbed for load aggregator control module.
The load aggregation business control module is responsible for receiving the total consumption task amount issued by the power grid operator, carries out two-way communication with the user comfort level monitoring module on the user side, acquires indoor comfort level data of different users, and senses the load operation power state through the flexible load operation state sensing module, so that the loads in different operation power states are regulated and controlled through the flexible load control module.
The user comfort level monitoring module monitors multidimensional parameters such as air temperature, humidity and air flow rate in a user room according to the PMV comfort level index, obtains a PMV value representing the comfort level of each user through comprehensive calculation, and uploads the comfort level data of each user to the load aggregation business control module, so that the load aggregation business distributes the consumption amount to user groups with different comfort levels.
The flexible load running state sensing module is used for detecting the flexible load running power state of each user, and for a single-power-level load, the power states are respectively a closed state and an open state; for the load, taking an air conditioner load with a three-level adjustable power level as an example, the operating power is 0 when the load is closed, the adjustable power level has three levels when the load is opened, the three levels correspond to a first-level power level, a second-level power level and a third-level power level from low to high respectively, and the third-level power level corresponds to the rated power of the load. And determining the number of flexible loads in different power operation states by sensing the load operation state of a user.
The flexible load control module is a device for directly controlling the flexible load at the user side by a load aggregator, carries out state queue grouping sequencing on the single-power flexible load and the flexible load in each user group respectively based on the flexible load state sensing module, divides the single-power flexible load into a closing group and an opening group, and divides the load into a P under the closing group and the opening state 1Group of stages, P2Stage group and P3And (4) a stage group. The flexible load running power of each user group is used as the reference power, and after the load aggregation quotient distributes the consumption amount to the user groups with different comfort degrees, the reference power is judgedThe consumption difference value of the single power level and the load is subjected to a combined regulation and control strategy.
2. The system and method for flexible load regulation and control for users with differentiated comfort levels according to claim 1, wherein the power grid new energy output monitoring module monitors the output of new energy such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like accessed to the power grid in real time, judges the total amount of new energy to be consumed in each time period, and calculates the total amount of new energy P to be consumedsAnd issuing the data to the load aggregators.
3. The system and method for flexible load regulation and control for users with differentiated comfort according to claim 2, wherein the load aggregator control module receives the total amount of new energy PsAnd then, monitoring the PMV value of each area (living cell) user uploaded by the module according to the user comfort level.
4. The system and the method for flexible load regulation and control of users with differentiated comfort levels according to claim 3 are characterized in that a load aggregator performs unified clustering division on PMV values of multiple region users by using a clustering algorithm, aggregates users with the same comfort level characteristics into a new user group as a regulation and control object, and respectively extracts PMV clustering center values representing comfort levels of the user groups.
5. The system and the method for controlling the flexible load of the users with different comfort levels according to claim 4, wherein after the PMV clustering center value is determined, the response willingness of each user group can be determined according to the comfort dissatisfaction index PPD, and the total power of the flexible load of each user group is combined to judge the absorption capacity of each user group.
6. The system and method for flexible load regulation and control for users with differentiated comfort according to claim 5, wherein LA divides the flexible load into a continuously adjustable flexible load and a switch start-stop flexible load, and determines the elimination according to the response willingness of each user group and the total load powerNano capacity, to total NsAnd allocating the consumption amount of each user group, and after allocating the consumption task amount to each user group, developing a combined regulation and control strategy for the CAFL and the SSFL of each user group.
7. The system and method for controlling flexible load facing differentiated comfort users according to claim 6, wherein based on the flexible load operation state sensing module, LA senses the operation power states of two types of loads at time t, and sequentially performs state queue grouping and sorting from low to high, so as to group CAFL groups according to the operation power level states, and to group SSFL groups into an off-state group and an on-state group.
8. The system and method for flexible load regulation and control for users with differentiated comfort according to claim 7, wherein the target consumption amount is issued to the user group N according to LA
And reference power
And carrying out a combined regulation strategy on the SSFL and the CAFL based on the grouping and sequencing result of the load power state queue.
9. The system and method for flexible load regulation and control for users with differentiated comfort according to claim 8, wherein when power regulation and control are performed on the CAFL and the SSFL by the LA, in order to improve user comfort, the regulation relationship between power and PMV needs to be analyzed, and potential association between the power of the flexible load and the PMV is mined by establishing a regulation model of the power of the flexible load and the PMV.
10. The system and method for flexible load control of users with differentiated comfort according to claim 9, wherein Δ Ρ is measured asNWhen the (t) > 0, the load aggregator firstly selects the SSFL load group of the user group N to carry out the operation by using the flexible load control moduleAnd regulating and controlling, and calculating the total switching power and the PMV value change of each user in the user group. After SSFL power state switching, transferring CAFL load, and calculating CAFL transfer total power in the transferring process 
When in use
Ending the CAFL multi-power transfer strategy.
11. The system and method for flexible load control of users with differentiated comfort according to claim 10, wherein Δ Ρ is measured asNWhen t is 0, the whole operation power state of the flexible load is kept unchanged, and when delta P is usedN(t) < 0, with Δ PNWhen (t) > 0, the load power control direction is reversed, firstly, the SSFL is
After the group load is switched to the off state in sequence, transferring the CAFL, and when the group load is switched to the off state, transferring the CAFL
Ending the CAFL diversion strategy.
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